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Introduction To LPP

This document provides an introduction to linear programming problems (LPPs). It defines LPPs as involving the optimization of a linear objective function subject to linear constraints. Linear programming can be applied across various fields like business, economics, engineering, transportation, energy, telecommunications and manufacturing to model problems in planning, routing, scheduling, assignment and design. The key components of a linear programming model are an objective function to maximize or minimize and a set of constraints. Linear programming is important because many practical problems can be formulated as LPPs and there is an efficient algorithm to solve them. Common applications of linear programming in business and industries include production planning, distribution, and determining optimal product mixes to maximize profits.

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Amiya Arnav
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971 views

Introduction To LPP

This document provides an introduction to linear programming problems (LPPs). It defines LPPs as involving the optimization of a linear objective function subject to linear constraints. Linear programming can be applied across various fields like business, economics, engineering, transportation, energy, telecommunications and manufacturing to model problems in planning, routing, scheduling, assignment and design. The key components of a linear programming model are an objective function to maximize or minimize and a set of constraints. Linear programming is important because many practical problems can be formulated as LPPs and there is an efficient algorithm to solve them. Common applications of linear programming in business and industries include production planning, distribution, and determining optimal product mixes to maximize profits.

Uploaded by

Amiya Arnav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

to
Linear Programming Problems
(LPPs)

A Presentation
By
Prof. Manidatta Ray

What is LPP ?
In mathematics, linear programming
(LP) problems involve the optimization of
a linear objective function, subject to
linear equality and inequality constraints.
Put very informally, LP is about trying to
get the best outcome (e.g. maximum
profit, least effort, etc) given some list of
constraints using a linear mathematical
model.

Linear programming can be applied to


various fields of study. Most extensively
it is used in business and economic
situations, but can also be utilized for
some engineering problems. Some
industries that use linear programming
models include transportation, energy,
telecommunications, and manufacturing.
It has proved useful in modeling diverse
types of problems in planning, routing,
scheduling, assignment, and design.

Components of a LP Model
The linear programming model consists of
an objective function and a set of
constraints. The quantifiable goal that is to
be maximized or minimized is the
"objective
function."
This
function
measures the effectiveness of a particular
solution
for
a
linear
programming
problem
.
The
constraints
are
mathematical statements that specify
elements of the problem such as the
limitations of available resources or a
demand level that must be met.

The conditions for a mathematical


model to be a linear program (LP) are:
all variables continuous (i.e. can take
fractional values)
a single objective (minimize or
maximise)
the objective and constraints are
linear i.e. any term is either a
constant or a constant multiplied by
an unknown.

Importance of Linear
Programming
LP's are important - because:
Many practical problems can be
formulated as LP's
There exists an algorithm (called the
simplex algorithm) which enables
us to solve LP's numerically relatively
easily.
The common objectives for LP's are
minimise cost/ maximise profit .

Application of Linear Programming


in
Business and Industries

Linear programming is a mathematical


programming and optimization technique
that has been widely used by business
and industry for many years. It involves
allocating scarce resources on the basis
of a given criterion of optimality. Most
often, this criterion is either maximum
margin or minimum cost.

A classic application of linear


programming in manufacturing is
the "product mix" problem. In
this problem, the objective is to
determine
the
kinds
and
quantities of products to be
produced that would maximize
profits. The case-mix decision is
similar to this manufacturing
problem.

Some of the major application areas


to which LP can be applied are:

Production planning
Oil refinery management
Distribution
Financial and economic planning
Manpower planning
Blast furnace burdening
Farm planning

Thank You

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