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Grammar Translation Method

This document describes the grammar-translation method of teaching foreign languages. It was historically used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to teach Greek and Latin. The method focuses on grammatical rules, memorization of vocabulary, translation exercises, and reading difficult texts. Little active use of the target language occurs in class. Students learn about the language as an object of study rather than a means of communication. While easy for teachers, it does not support students developing fluency or comprehension in the target language.

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Maira
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
521 views

Grammar Translation Method

This document describes the grammar-translation method of teaching foreign languages. It was historically used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to teach Greek and Latin. The method focuses on grammatical rules, memorization of vocabulary, translation exercises, and reading difficult texts. Little active use of the target language occurs in class. Students learn about the language as an object of study rather than a means of communication. While easy for teachers, it does not support students developing fluency or comprehension in the target language.

Uploaded by

Maira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRAMMARTRANSLATION METHOD

Prepared by:
Afiq
Faiz
Yunos
Sarah
Azizul
2 TESOL 3

History
This approach was historically used in teaching
Greek and Latin in late 19th and early 20th centuries
In the 19th centuries the classical method came to be
known as the grammar translation methods.
Classical methods focused on grammatical rules,
memorization of vocabulary and of various
declensions(the set of various forms that a noun,
pronoun/adj) and conjugations(a set of verbs in
language such as Latin), translation of text and
doing written exercises
The classical methods was adopted as the chief
means for teaching foreign languages

History
The approach was generalized to teaching
modern languages.
The goal of this method is to be able to read
and translate literary masterpieces and classics.

PRINCIPLES
Principles
Literary language is superior to the spoken language.
Translating each language into each other is an
important goal for learners.
The authority in the classroom is the teacher.
To be able to communicate with target languages
speaker is not among the goals.
The primary skills to be improved are reading and
writing

Principles
It focus is on accuracy and not fluency.
Error correction: If a students answer of a
question is incorrect, the teacher selects a
different student to give the correct answer or
he/she replies himself/herself.

Characteristics
A class working with the Grammar Translation
1. A focus Methods
in learninglooks
the rules
grammar and
like of
this
their application of language into other.

2. Vocabulary in the target language is learned


through direct translation from the native
language, it is taught in the form of isolated
word lists. E.g. with vocabulary test such as :
the house = the casa
the mouse = el ratn

Characteristics
4. Classes are taught in the mother tongue, with
little
active use of the target language.
5.

Much vocabulary is taught in the form of lists


of isolated words.

6.

Long elaborate explanations of the intricacies


of grammar are given.

7.

Grammar provides the rule for putting words


together, and instruction often focuses on the
form and inflection of words.

Characteristics
7.

Reading of difficult classical texts is begun early.

8.

Little attention is paid to the content of texts,


which
are treated as exercises in grammatical analysis.

9.

Often the drills are exercises in translating


disconnected sentences from the target language
into mother tongue.

10. Do not emphasise on pronunciation and


communicative aspect of the target language.

Exercises of a class using


grammar-translation method:
1. Translation of a literary passage
Students translate a reading passage from the
target language into their native language.
2. Reading comprehension questions
Students answer questions in the target
language based on their understanding of the
reading passage.
3. Antonyms/ synonyms
Students are given one set of words and are
asked to find antonyms in the reading passage.

Exercises of a class using


grammar-translation method:
4. Fill-in-the-blanks
- Students are given a series of sentences with
words missing.
5. Deductive application of rule
- Grammar rules are presented with examples.
Once students understand a rule, they are
asked to apply it to some different examples.

Role play time!!


Deductive application of grammar rules
Actors:
Teacher
Students

Advantages
Easiest for teachers to use
Does not require teachers to speak good English or make
good lesson preparations.
Only uses the textbook
Least stressful for students-teaching occurs in the first
language
Students learn the new language without contact with
native speakers.

Disadvantages
Students lack comprehension
-only translating word-for-word.
Does not allow students to create meaning in English
Students do not learn to read.
Extensive memorization
Very little student/teacher and student/student interaction
Students expectation to the rules of grammar
Interference from the learners own language

Disadvantages
This method gives pupils the wrong idea of what language is
and of the relationship between languages. Language is
seen as a collection or words which are isolated and
independent.
Worst effect of this method is on pupil's motivation. Because
(s)he cannot succeed - leads to frustration, boredom and
indiscipline.
It seemed there was no need for students to master the four
skills of English (listening, speaking, reading, and writing)
The grammar-translation method is the easiest for a teacher
to employ. It doesn't require a teacher to speak good English
or make good lesson preparations

Reference
http://www.slideshare.net/vacoka/gr
ammar-translation-method-presentati
on
Introduction To Elt Methodology,
Book Of Readings For Students.

- Thank You

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