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Flowcharts: Rajesh P Mca Iii Sem Bangalore University

This document discusses flowcharts, including their definition, categories, steps to design them, common symbols used, and merits and demerits. Flowcharts are graphical representations of solutions to problems using special symbols. They are categorized into program and system flowcharts. Design steps include understanding the problem, specifying inputs/outputs, designing the process, testing, and refining. Common symbols represent terminals, input/output, processing, looping, decisions, predefined processes, and flow direction. Benefits are communication, analysis, documentation, coding, debugging, and maintenance. Limitations include complexity and needing re-drawing for alterations. An example flowchart for summing three numbers is provided.

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63 views16 pages

Flowcharts: Rajesh P Mca Iii Sem Bangalore University

This document discusses flowcharts, including their definition, categories, steps to design them, common symbols used, and merits and demerits. Flowcharts are graphical representations of solutions to problems using special symbols. They are categorized into program and system flowcharts. Design steps include understanding the problem, specifying inputs/outputs, designing the process, testing, and refining. Common symbols represent terminals, input/output, processing, looping, decisions, predefined processes, and flow direction. Benefits are communication, analysis, documentation, coding, debugging, and maintenance. Limitations include complexity and needing re-drawing for alterations. An example flowchart for summing three numbers is provided.

Uploaded by

Yuvraj Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FLOWCHARTS

RAJESH P
MCA III SEM
BANGALORE UNIVERSITY

Table of contents

Flowchart

Categories of Flowchart

Steps involved in designing Flowchart

Symbols used in Flowchart

Merits and Demerits of Flowcharts

Simple example of Flowchart

Flowchart

A flow chart is a graphical representation of a solution to any


problem.

It indicates the process of solution, the relevant operations and


computations, the point of decisions and other information as part
of the solution.

Flow charts are constructed by using special geometrical symbols.

Each symbol represents an activity.

The activity can be either input or output of data, computation or


processing of data, taking a decision or terminating the solution,
and so on.

The symbols used in the flow charts are connected by arrows

Flowchart Categories

Flow charts are classified into two categories:

Program Flow charts

System flow charts

PROGRAM FLOW CHARTS:

Program Flowchart is a diagrammatic


representation of sequence of instructions for solving a problem.

SYSTEM FLOWCHARTS:

System Flowchart indicates the flow of


data throughout a data processing system, as well as the flow into and out
of the system. Such flowcharts are widely used by designers, to explain a
data processing system.

Steps Involved In Designing


Flowcharts

Clearly understand the problem statement so that a proper


flowchart can be evolved.

Study the output to be generated so that the input can be


specified.

Design the process which will produce the desired result after taking
the input.

Refine the process.

Test the flowchart by giving the test data and see if the desired
output is generated. If not make appropriate changes iin the
process and repeat the process.

SYMBOLS USED IN FLOWCHARTS


TERMINAL

Used to represent end, or a point of


interruption in a program.

Input/output

Used to represent input or output data or

information.

Processing

Used to represent calculations, data


manipulations or information processing.

Used to represent an instruction or group of


Looping

instructions which changes the program.

Used to represent a comparison, a question


Decision

or a decision that determines alternative


paths to be followed.

Used to represent a group of operations


Predefined
process

not in the particular set of flowcharts.

Used to represent an entry from, or an exit to,


connect
or

another part of the program.

Used to represent the direction of the process


Flow Direction

or data flow.

MERITS OF FLOWCHARTS

Communication:

Flow charts are better way of communicating the logic of


the system with all concerned.

Effective analysis:
With the help of flowcharts, problem can be analyzed in
an effective way.

Proper documentation :
flowcharts serve as a good program
documentation, which is needed for
various purposes.

Efficient coding :
The flowcharts acts as a guide or blueprint

during the systems analysis and program


development phase.

Proper debugging:
flowcharts helps in debugging process.

efficient program maintenance:

The maintenance of the operating program


becomes easy with the help of flowchart. It helps
the programmer to put more efforts to make the
program efficient.

Demerits of flowcharts

All though flowchart is a very useful tool, there are a few limitations in using
flowcharts which are listed below.

Complex logic :
Sometimes the program logic is quite complicated.in that
case, flowchart becomes complex and clumsy.

Alterations and modifications:


if alterations are required the flowchart
may require re-drawing completely.

Simple flow chart example


Flow Chart for finding sum of three numbers.
Start

Input A,B,C

SUM A+B+C

Output SUM

Stop

THANK YOU

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