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GSM Introduction: GSM Overview Multiple Access Network Architecture

GSM is a second generation digital cellular network that was developed to replace analog networks. It uses both FDMA and TDMA to allow for efficient use of spectrum and introduces frequency hopping for better interference resistance and power control for efficient battery use. GSM is now a family of standards that includes 2.5G, 3G, and 4G systems providing higher data speeds over time.

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rikjah
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42 views

GSM Introduction: GSM Overview Multiple Access Network Architecture

GSM is a second generation digital cellular network that was developed to replace analog networks. It uses both FDMA and TDMA to allow for efficient use of spectrum and introduces frequency hopping for better interference resistance and power control for efficient battery use. GSM is now a family of standards that includes 2.5G, 3G, and 4G systems providing higher data speeds over time.

Uploaded by

rikjah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GSM Overview

Multiple Access
Network Architecture

GSM INTRODUCTION

GSM Overview
Multiple Access
Network Architecture

GSM INTRODUCTION

Digital System Communication, replacing 1st Generation Analog System


Communication.
Originally created by Europe Telecommunication Group (Groupe Spciale
Mobile), after being used globally, now named as Global System for Mobile
Communications)
2nd Generation cellular mobile system innovated in Europe by ETSI
(European Telecommunications Standardization Institute).
Originally used 900MHz band
Efficient Use of the Spectrum (using FDMA & TDMA)
Speech privacy and security.
Better resistance to interference (Introducing the frequency Hopping)
Efficient use of the power battery (Introducing the power control)
It is now a family name for cellular mobile systems including 2.5G, 3G,
and 4G systems

GSM Overview

GSM Overview
Generation
First Generation

Second Generation

2.5 Generation

Third Generation

3.5 Generation

Fourth Generation

Features
Analog
Voice only
No International roaming
Digital
Voice and low speed data
- low speed: 9.6 kbps in GSM
Digital
Voice and medium speed data
- HSCSD, data rate : 76.8 Kbps (9.6 x 8 kbps)
- GPRS, data rate: 14.4 - 115.2 Kbps
- EDGE, data rate: 547.2 Kbps (max)
International Roaming
Packet switched Data
IP-telephony and Multimedia (up to 1 Mbps)
- WCDMA, data rate: 0.348 2.0 Mbps
Global roaming
High Speed Data:
- HSDPA, data rate: (average at 2Mbps) up to 7.2 Mbps
- Theoretically up to 42 Mbps
Mobile ultra-broadband Internet access
Very high speed of data rate: 100Mbps 1Gbps

Systems
NMT, AMPS, TACS

GSM900

DCS1800, HSCD, GPRS, EDGE

UMTS WCDMA, CDMA2000

HSDPA, HSUPA, EVDO

LTE, UMB, WiMAX

GSM Overview

NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephony)


TACS (Total Access Communication System)
AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System)
PDC (Personal Digital Cellular)
PHS (Personal Handy-phone System)
IDEN (Integrated Digital Enhanced Network)

England
Europe, Japan, Hongkong
USA
Japan
China
Motorola

UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)


UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband)
LTE (Long Term Evolution)

GSM Overview
GSM Frequency Band Range
Band

Downlink

Uplink

Channel No.

GSM 850

850

869.2 894.0 MHz

824.2 849.0 MHz

128 - 251

GSM 900 (P-GSM)

900

935 960 MHz

890 915 MHz

1 - 124

GSM 900 (E-GSM)

900

925 960 MHz

880 915 MHz

0 - 124, 975 - 1023

GSM-R (R-GSM)

900

921 925 MHz

876 880 MHz

955 - 973

GSM 1800 (DCS)

1800

1805 1880 MHz

1710 1785 MHz

512 - 885

GSM 1900 (PCS)

1900

1930 1990 MHz

1850 1910 MHz

512 - 810

WCDMA 2100 (UMTS-FDD)

2100

2110 2170 MHz

1920 1980 MHz

WCDMA 2600 (UMTS-FDD)

2600

2500 2570 MHz

2620 2690 MHz

DCS: Digital Cellular System


PCS: Personal Communication Services
Frequency Band: The range of frequencies which the operator is allowed to use for transmission and
reception.
Why DL band is higher than the UL band?
Greater the frequency makes greater free space loss
Since Power Output Base Station > MS, then it is wise to configure higher frequency with the higher
Power Output

GSM Overview
Cellular Frequency Band in Indonesia (2008)

GSM Overview
Cellular Frequency Band in Indonesia (2008)

GSM Overview
Duplex Communication

two way communication between


two points simultaneously.

FDD (Frequency Division Duplex)


Separate Uplink and Downlink
transmission by Frequency
difference
TDD (Time Division Duplex)
Separate Uplink and Downlink
transmission by Time Difference

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