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SABON

This document outlines objectives, theory, and procedures for determining the activation energy, rate order, and rate constant of a chemical reaction using a continuously stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). The objectives are to determine the activation energy and preexponential factor as well as the rate order and rate constant. The theory section describes material balances and equations for CSTR batch and flow reactions. The procedure details setting up and running an experiment in a CSTR to collect data at different temperatures for analysis.

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Karl Sebastien Dejito Conos
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98 views11 pages

SABON

This document outlines objectives, theory, and procedures for determining the activation energy, rate order, and rate constant of a chemical reaction using a continuously stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). The objectives are to determine the activation energy and preexponential factor as well as the rate order and rate constant. The theory section describes material balances and equations for CSTR batch and flow reactions. The procedure details setting up and running an experiment in a CSTR to collect data at different temperatures for analysis.

Uploaded by

Karl Sebastien Dejito Conos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECTIVES

To determine the activation energy and its preexponential


factor.

To determine the rate order and rate constant of the
reaction
Theory

A stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) may be operated either as a
batch reactor or as a steady-state flow (CSTR). The key or main
feature of this reactor is that mixing is complete so that properties
such as temperature and concentration of the mixture are
uniform in all parts of the vessel. Material balance of a general
chemical reaction is described below.



The conservation principle required that the mass of
species A in an element of reactor volume V obeys the
following statement:

Rate of A into volume element + Rate of A produced within
volume element Rate of A out of volume element = Rate
of A accumulated within volume element
In batch reactions, there are no feed or exit streams and
therefore can be simplified into:

Rate of A produced within the volume element = Rate of A
accumulated within volume element

The rate of reaction of component A is defined as:

=




By this definition, if A is a reaction product, the rate is positive;
whereas if it is a reactant which is consumed, the rate is
negative.
By rearranging the equation:



Integrating the equation:
=

)()

Where:
t = time required to achieve a conversion XA for either
isothermal or non-isothermal operation

For an isothermal steady state CSTR, the component mass
balance equation is:

=


Since for a flow reactior CA = FA/Q & since Q is
constant(constant volume system), then this equation becomes:

+ =

Substituting for r, the following equation can be obtained:

()(

)(




PROCEDURE
0.1 M NaOH & 0.1 M Ethyl Acetate were prepared separately
Solutions were transferred to their respective reagent bottles
The RCD & circuit breakers were switched on
CEXC unit & computer were connected through USB ports
The unit was turned on & the temperature control and
conductivity display lit up
The CEM Computer software was launched
USB Virtual Serial OSM Port was enabled

Appropriate COM port was chosen

Mimic Diagram was opened by clicking View
Diagram icon
Adjustable standpipe was lowered at its minimum
height
Desired operating parameters were set in the Mimic
Diagram
Volume was set to 1.0 dm
3
, NaOH flow rate to 150
mL/min
EtAc flow rate was set to 0 mL/min, stirrer control to 0, & NaOH & EtAc
concentration to 0.1 mol/dm
3

Control button was clicked to control hot-water circulator

Set-point temperature was changed to 40 degrees C, proportional band to 5%,
integral time to 200s

Derivative time was set to 0 sec, time cycle to 10 seconds and the mode of
operation to automatic

NaOH solution was pumped inside the reactor by clicking power on

NaOH flow rate was reduced to 0 mL/min

The agitator was switched on by entering stirrer control value of
40


Reactents were pumped in the reactor vessel


Flow rates of both reactants were set to 40 mL/min


Experimental data were gathered by clicking Go button


The procedure was repeated for temperature 35 degrees C

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