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Gas Turbine Fundamentals

The document discusses gas turbines, including their operating principle, types, factors influencing selection, industry standards, and BMS documents. A gas turbine works using the Brayton thermodynamic cycle to compress air, combust it with fuel, and expel hot gases to produce work. There are industrial and aero-derivative gas turbines as well as single shaft, multiple shaft, simple, regenerative, and combined cycle configurations. Selection depends on the application and ambient conditions like temperature, pressure, and fuel type. Industry standards include API and ISO specifications.

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380 views

Gas Turbine Fundamentals

The document discusses gas turbines, including their operating principle, types, factors influencing selection, industry standards, and BMS documents. A gas turbine works using the Brayton thermodynamic cycle to compress air, combust it with fuel, and expel hot gases to produce work. There are industrial and aero-derivative gas turbines as well as single shaft, multiple shaft, simple, regenerative, and combined cycle configurations. Selection depends on the application and ambient conditions like temperature, pressure, and fuel type. Industry standards include API and ISO specifications.

Uploaded by

naga_raj_19
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GAS TURBINE

INTRODUCTION

OPERATING PRINCIPLE

TYPES OF GAS TURBINE

FACTORS INFLUENCING GAS TURBINE SELECTION

INDUSTRY STANDARDS / SPECIFICATION

BMS DOCUMENTS
MAY 11 GAS TURBINE
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INTRODUCTION

An Internal Combustion Rotating Machine which
produces useful work for industrial processes.
Commonly used in Oil & Gas Industry for Mechanical
Drive application and for Power Generation


Self sufficient system Capable to compress air, enrich
energetic power of air and convert power to useful
mechanical energy


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INTRODUCTION
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GAS TURBINE

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Operating Principle

Brayton Cycle Thermodynamic cycle according to which gas turbine works
GAS TURBINE

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Operating Principle
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Operating Principle
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Operating Principle
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Operating Principle
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Operating Principle
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Types of Gas Turbines
GAS TURBINE

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A) Construction
Industrial Heavy Duty Gas Turbines
Aero-derivative Gas Turbines

B) Drive System
Single Shaft
Multiple Shaft

C) Based on Thermodynamic Cycle
Simple Cycle
Regenerative Cycle
Combined Cycle






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Types of Gas Turbines

Industrial Heavy Duty Gas Turbines


GAS TURBINE

MAY 11

Heavy, housed in rugged construction
Very High Single Unit Capacity
Compression ratio relatively low - 8:1 to 16:1
More tolerant to low quality fuel
Large Unit with Higher Exhaust Temperature allow Cogeneration/Combined
Cycle
Lower capital Cost
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Types of Gas Turbines

Aero Derivative Gas Turbines


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Light weight
Relatively low Single Unit Capacity
High compression ratio 13:1 to 33:1
Not suitable for low quality fuel degradation of performance over time is rapid
Lower Exhaust Temperature limits cogeneration capability
Higher power boost possible with steam injection
Higher Capital Cost
High Technology maintenance is required at vendors shop.
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Types of Gas Turbines
- Single Shaft Gas Turbine For generator applications


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Types of Gas Turbines
- Multiple Shaft Gas Turbine for mechanical drive applications


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Types of Gas Turbines
-Simple Cycle Gas Turbine


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Types of Gas Turbines
- Regenerative Cycle Gas Turbine


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Types of Gas Turbines
- Combined (Co-generative) Cycle Gas Turbine


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GAS TURBINE SELECTION
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Service & Application
Power generation or Mechanical Drive
Continuous or Intermittent
Requirement of Co-generation
Off-shore or On-shore
Ambient Conditions
Temperature
Atmospheric Pressure / Altitude
Relative Humidity
Fuel Type
Natural gas
Diesel Oil, Heavy Fuel Oil
Dual Fuel
Pressure Drop in the Inlet / Exhaust System
Environmental Emission Regulation
Availability of Technical Services & Supports


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GAS TURBINE SELECTION
(Ambient Condition Inlet Air Temperature)
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GAS TURBINE SELECTION

(Ambient Condition Atmospheric Pressure)
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GAS TURBINE SELECTION

(Ambient Condition - Humidity)
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GAS TURBINE SELECTION

(Fuel Type)
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GAS TURBINE SELECTION

(Pressure Drop in Inlet & Exhaust)
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GAS TURBINE SELECTION
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ISO Standard Rating Continuous power developed by
gas turbine under the following standard conditions at
ISO-rated firing temperature
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GAS TURBINE SELECTION

Site Rated Power The following are considered for
calculating realistic site rated power.

Power Requirement of Driven Equipment

Site Ambient Conditions Derating Ambient Pressure, Temperature, Humidity

Margin for losses within Gas Turbine API 617 margin for Air Compressor, Air
Compressor Fouling, Aging, Inlet & Exhaust Losses, Additional Loss for WHRU,
Gear Box Losses
Type of fuel (gas or liquid) and combustor











May 11 Gas Turbine
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GAS TURBINE SELECTION

Gas Turbine Auxiliaries

Air Intake Systems & Exhaust System

Fuel Gas Conditioning System

Starting System

Acoustic Enclosure & Ventilation System

Lubrication System

Control System

Cleaning System Online & Offline







May 11 Gas Turbine
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May 11 Gas Turbine
INDUSTRY STANDARDS / SPECIFICATION
INTERNATIONAL
API API 616, 2011 Gas Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical & Gas Industry
API API RP11 PGT Packaged Gas Turbine
ASME ASME PTC 22 Performance Test Code on gas Turbine
ISO ISO 2314 Gas Turbines - Acceptance Tests

COMPANY / PROJECT SPECIFICATION
SHELL DEP 31.29.70.11
SHELL DEP 31.29.70.31
SHELL DEP 31.29.70.32

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GAS TURBINE BMS DOCUMENTS
PEC-BMS-EN-FRM-M-0796 Mechanical: Checklist: Bid Evaluation of GAS
TURBINE

PEC-BMS-EN-STN-M-4550 Technical Bid Evaluation Format GAS TURBINE
GENERATOR PACKAGE

PEC-BMS-EN-GDE-M-4547 Inter-Discipline Scope Matrix for GAS TURBINE
GENERATOR PACKAGE

PEC-BMS-EN-STN-M-4551 Supplier Document Requirement List (SDRL) - GAS
TURBINE GENERATOR PACKAGE



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