CLOUD COMPUTING

Introduction to Cloud Computing:

What is cloud?

Cloud computing is the use of computing resources
(hardware and software) that are delivered as a service over
a network (typically the Internet). The name comes from the
common use of a cloud-shaped symbol as an abstraction for
the complex infrastructure it contains in system diagrams.
Cloud computing entrusts remote services with a user's
data, software and computation.
Introduction to Cloud Computing:

History of Cloud Computing..


1960-69: The idea of cloud computing started to emerge before the
Internet was invented.
1983: US computer company Sun Microsystems Inc floated the idea of "th
e network is the
computer". However, Sun was able to roll out only one product based on c
loud-computing technology in 2009, before Oracle Corp acquired it.
1997: IT professor Ramnath Chellappa was the first to use "cloud computi
ng" to describe the
new computing system that relies on cooperation of computers. He sugge
sted that the cloud
would be a new "computing paradigm where the boundaries of computing
will be determined by
economic rationale rather than technical limits alone."
2006: Web search company Google Inc, for the first time, shared its idea
of cloud computing. Inthe same year, Amazon.com Inc launched one of th
e world's earliest online storage servicesnamed Amazon Simple Storage
Service. Amazon's investment in the area has paved way forthe company
to become one of the biggest cloud-computing service providers globally.


Introduction to Cloud Computing:

History of Cloud Computing..

2008: Chinese companies started to learn how the new technology co
uld benefit theirbusinesses.
2010: Cloud-
computing services started being used widely in the consumer market.
October 2011: Apple Inc launched iCloud, a cloud-
based storage service for Apple productowners. The company claime
d iCloud has more than 150 million users as of July 2012.
In 2011: Chinese e-
commerce giant Alibaba Group Holding Ltd announced plans to devel
op acloud-
based operating system for smartphones. The move was seen as Alib
aba's attempt totap into China's huge smartphone market.
Since 2011: The Chinese government has reiterated its support for th
e development of thecloud computing industry in China.



Advantage Disadvantage

Price


Pay for only the resources used. Expensive to have dedicated reserved resources.
Security

Cloud instances are isolated in the network
from other instances for improved security.

Able to be access anywhere and on a shared network. Most cloud
systems are not compliant with PCI, SSAE 16, and HIPAA standards.


Performance

Instances can be added instantly for improved
performance. Clients have access to the total
resources of the Clouds core hardware.



Limited to the core hardware and hypervisor. Performance will also
depend on the other cloud instances running in the network.


Scalability

Auto-deploy cloud instances when needed.

Some providers will auto-deploy instances when needed but not remove
them when they are not needed.


Uptime


Uses multiple servers for maximum
redundancies. In case of server failure,
instances can be automatically created on
another server.


Can take 4-6 minutes to detect a server fault and spin up a Cloud instance
from an image snapshot.
Control
Able to login from any location. Server snapshot
and a software library lets you deploy custom
instances.

Due to running on a virtual environment, users have limited control over
the base function of the core hardware.


Traffic

Deals with spike in traffic with quick deployment
of additional instances to handle the load.

Costly for a business that can plan for the resources it needs and any
spike in traffic.


Advantages & Disadvantages of Cloud Computing


SERVICES:
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
Platform as a service (PaaS)
Software as a service (SaaS)
Network as a service (NaaS)

CLOUD SERVICE PROVIDERS

Amazon Web Services
CenturyLink/Savvis
Salesforce.com
Verizon/Terremark
Microsoft
VMware
Amazon Web Services (abbreviated AWS) is a
collection of remote computing services (also called web
services) that together make up a cloud
computing platform, offered over the Internet
by Amazon.com. The most central and well-known of
these services are Amazon EC2 and Amazon S3. The
service is advertised as providing a large computing
capacity (potentially many servers) much faster and
cheaper than building a physical server farm.
AMAZON WEB SERVICES
Compute
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) provides scalable virtual private
servers using Xen.
Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR) allows businesses, researchers,
data analysts, and developers to easily and cheaply process vast
amounts of data. It uses a hosted Hadoop framework running on the
web-scale infrastructure of EC2 and Amazon S3.

Networking
Amazon Route 53 provides a highly available and scalable Domain
Name System (DNS) web service.
Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) creates a logically isolated set of
Amazon EC2 instances which can be connected to an existing network
using a VPN connection.
AWS Direct Connect provides dedicated network connections into AWS
data centers, providing faster and cheaper data throughput.

Content Delivery
Amazon CloudFront, a content delivery network (CDN) for distributing
objects to so-called "edge locations" near the requester.

LIST OF AWS PRODUCTS

Database
Deployment
Management
So on
LIST OF AWS PRODUCTS


Windows Azure is a cloud computing platform and
infrastructure, created by Microsoft, for building,
deploying and managing applications and services
through a global network of Microsoft-
managed datacenters. It provides both platform as a
service (PaaS) and infrastructure as a service(IaaS)
services and supports many different programming
languages, tools and frameworks, including both
Microsoft-specific and third-party software and systems.
Windows Azure is Microsoft's competing product
to Amazon's AWS cloud computing platform.
MICROSOFT AZURE


Web sites
Cloud services
Data management
Business Analytics
Virtual machines
SERVIES
Google App Engine (often referred to as GAE or
simply App Engine, and also used by the
acronym GAE) is a platform as a service(PaaS) cloud
computing platform for developing and hosting web
applications in Google-managed data centers.
Applications aresandboxed and run across multiple
servers.
[1]
App Engine offers automatic scaling for web
applicationsas the number of requests increases for
an application, App Engine automatically allocates more
resources for the web application to handle the
additional demand.
[2]

Google App Engine is free up to a certain level of
consumed resources. Fees are charged for additional
storage, bandwidth, or instance hours required by the
application.
[3]
It was first released as a preview version in
April 2008, and came out of preview in September 2011.
GOOGLE APP ENGINE

CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE
Airframe
An open source cloud computing platform targeted at
organizations in the thinking stage of adopting a private cloud
services model or evaluating options and alternatives for private
cloud solutions.
Amazon EC2
Short for Amazon Elastic Computer Cloud, Amazon EC2 is a
commercial Web service that lets customers "rent" computing
resources from the EC2 cloud.
Apache CloudStack
An open source cloud computing and Infrastructure-as-a-
Service (IaaS) platform developed to help make creating,
deploying and managing cloud services easier by providing a
complete stack of features and components for cloud
environments.
Cloud App (Cloud Application)
Short for cloud application, cloud app is the phrase used to
describe a software application that is never installed on a local
computer. Instead, it is accessed via the Internet. (Learn More)

CLOUD COMPUTING TERMINOLOGY
Cloud Application Management for Platforms (CAMP)
CAMP, short for Cloud Application Management for
Platforms, is a specification designed to ease
management of applications -- including packaging and
deployment -- across public and private cloud computing
platforms. (Learn More)
Cloud Backup
Cloud backup, or cloud computer backup, refers to
backing up data to a remote, cloud-based server. As a
form of cloud storage, cloud backup data is stored in and
accessible from multiple distributed and connected
resources that comprise a cloud. (Learn More)
Cloud Backup Service Provider
A third-party entity that manages and distributes remote,
cloud-based data backup services and solutions to
customers from a central data center. (Learn More)
CLOUD COMPUTING TERMINOLOGY
Cloud Application Management for Platforms (CAMP)
CAMP, short for Cloud Application Management for
Platforms, is a specification designed to ease
management of applications -- including packaging and
deployment -- across public and private cloud computing
platforms. (Learn More)
Cloud Backup
Cloud backup, or cloud computer backup, refers to
backing up data to a remote, cloud-based server. As a
form of cloud storage, cloud backup data is stored in and
accessible from multiple distributed and connected
resources that comprise a cloud. (Learn More)
Cloud Backup Service Provider
A third-party entity that manages and distributes remote,
cloud-based data backup services and solutions to
customers from a central data center. (Learn More)
CLOUD COMPUTING TERMINOLOGY
Cloud Computing Reseller
A company that purchases hosting services from a cloud server hosting or cloud
computing provider and then re-sells them to its own customers. (Learn More)
Cloud Database
A database accessible to clients from the cloud and delivered to users on demand
via the Internet from a cloud database provider's servers. Also referred to as
Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS), cloud databases can use cloud computing to
achieve optimized scaling, high availability, multi-tenancy and effective resource
allocation. (Learn More)
Cloud Enablement
The process of making available one or more of the following services and
infrastructures to create a public cloud computing environment: cloud provider,
client and application. (Learn More)
Cloud Management
Software and technologies designed for operating and monitoring the applications,
data and services residing in the cloud. Cloud management tools help ensure a
company's cloud computing-based resources are working optimally and properly
interacting with users and other services. (Learn More)
Cloud Migration
The process of transitioning all or part of a company's data, applications and
services from on-site premises behind the firewall to the cloud, where the
information can be provided over the Internet on an on-demand basis. (Learn
More)
CLOUD COMPUTING TERMINOLOGY
Cloud OS
A phrase frequently used in place of Platform as a Service (PaaS) to
denote an association to cloud computing.
Cloud Portability
In cloud (cloud computing) terminology, the phrase "cloud portability"
means the ability to move applications and its associated data
between one cloud provider and another -- or between public and
private cloud environments. (Learn More)
Cloud Provider
A service provider who offers customers storage or software solutions
available via a public network, usually the Internet. (Learn More)
Enterprise Cloud Backup
Enterprise-grade cloud backup solutions typically add essential
features such as archiving and disaster recovery to cloud backup
solutions. (Learn More)
Hybrid Cloud Storage
A combination of public cloud storage and private cloud storage where
some critical data resides in the enterprise's private cloud while other
data is stored and accessible from a public cloud storage provider.
(Learn More)

CLOUD COMPUTING TERMINOLOGY
VIRTUALIZATION
VIRTUALIZATION BASICS
Virtualization, in computing, is a term that refers to the
various techniques, methods or approaches of creating
a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, such
as a virtual hardware platform, operating system (OS),
storage device, or network resources
There are four main objectives to virtualization,
demonstrating the value offered to organizations:

Increased use of hardware resources
Reduced management and resource costs
Improved business flexibility
Improved security and reduced downtime.
VIRTUALIZATION BENEFITS
Workload consolidation
Create several virtual machines on a host

Security and reliability of applications
Create a virtual machine for each application

Test an application concurrently with production use of a
host
Use separate virtual machines

Disaster management
Port a virtual machine

EMULATION
In computing, an emulator is hardware or software or both that
duplicates (or emulates) the functions of one computer system
(the guest) in another computer system (the host), different
from the first one, so that the emulated behavior closely
resembles the behavior of the real system (the guest). This
focus on exact reproduction of behavior is in contrast to some
other forms of computer simulation, in which an abstract model
of a system is being simulated. For example, a computer
simulation of a hurricane or a chemical reaction is not
emulation.
VMWARE

VMware, Inc. is an American software company that
provides cloud and virtualization software and services.
[2][3][4]
It
was founded in 1998 and based in Palo Alto, California, USA.
The company was acquired by EMC Corporation in 2004, and
operates as a separate software subsidiary.
VMware's desktop software runs on Microsoft Windows, Linux,
and Mac OS X, while VMware's enterprise
software hypervisors for servers, VMware ESX and VMware
ESXi, are bare-metal embedded hypervisors that run directly
on server hardware without requiring an additional
underlying operating system.
[5]

XEN

Xen /zn/ is a hypervisor providing services that allow multiple
computer operating systems to execute on the same computer
hardware concurrently.

Hypervisor- a hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM)
is a piece of computer software, firmware or hardware that
creates and runs virtual machines.
KVM

The K virtual machine (KVM) is a virtual machine developed
by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle Corporation),
derived from the Java Virtual Machine specification.

The KVM was written from scratch in C. It is designed for small
devices and has a small memory footprint. It supports a subset
of the features of the higher end JVM.

For example, a KVM may not support floating-point operations
and object finalization. The CLDC specifies use of the KVM.
The 'K' in KVM stands for kilobyte, signifying that the KVM runs
in kilobytes of memory as opposed to megabytes.
PRIVATE CLOUDS
PRIVATE CLOUDS
Private cloud (also called internal cloud or corporate cloud) is
a marketing term for a proprietary computing architecture that
provides hosted services to a limited number of people behind
a firewall.

Advances in virtualization and distributed computing have
allowed corporate network and datacenter administrators to
effectively become service providers that meet the needs of
their "customers" within the corporation.

Marketing media that uses the words "private cloud" is
designed to appeal to an organization that needs or wants
more control over their data than they can get by using a
third-party hosted service such as Amazon's Elastic Compute
Cloud (EC2) or Simple Storage Service (S3).
EUCALYPTUS
Eucalyptus is an open source software for building Amazon
Web Services (AWS)-compatible private and hybrid clouds
and it allows organizations to build self-service, elastic clouds
inside the datacenter using existing IT infrastructure.
Eucalyptus enables AWS-compatible private and hybrid
clouds by pooling together compute, storage, and network
resources that can be dynamically scaled up or down as
application workloads change. Eucalyptus Systems
announced a formal agreement with AWS in 2012 to maintain
fidelity with AWS APIs and currently supports EC2, S3, EBS,
and IAM. Eucalyptus Systems has also announced
compatibility with AWS Elastic Load Balancing (ELB), Auto
Scaling, and CloudWatch coming in release 3.3, targeted for
Q2 2013
OPENNEBULA
OpenNebula is an open-source cloud computing toolkit for
managing heterogeneous distributed data
center infrastructures. The OpenNebula toolkit manages a
data center's virtual infrastructure to build private, public and
hybrid IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) clouds. OpenNebula
orchestrates storage, network, virtualization, monitoring, and
security
[1]
technologies to deploy multi-tier services
(e.g. compute clusters
[2][3]
) as virtual machines on distributed
infrastructures, combining both data center resources and
remote cloud resources, according to allocation policies.
According to the European Commission's report about the
future of cloud computing from a group of experts "... only few
cloud dedicated research projects in the widest sense have
been initiated most prominent amongst them probably
OpenNebula .
OPEN STACK
OpenStack is an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud
computing project that is free open source software released
under the terms of the Apache License.

It is portable software, but is mostly developed and used on
the Linux operating system.

The technology consists of a series of interrelated projects
that controls large pools of processing, storage, and
networking resources throughout a data center, all managed
through a dashboard that gives administrators control while
empowering their users to provision resources through a web
interface.


THANK YOU!!!!!