Slide by Mohd Fairose

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Understand

principle of simple Audio

Amplifier Test the functionality of Audio Amplifier Troubleshoot simple Audio Amplifier Understand the principle of PA system Troubleshoot PA system unit

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AUDIO AMP VIDEO1 AUDIO AMP VIDEO2 PRINCIPLE OF AUDIO AMPLIFIER AUDIO SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF AUDIO AMPLIFIER TEST THE FUNCTIONALITY INPUT AND OUTPUT WAVEFORM TROUBLESHOOT AUDIO AMPLIFIER PRINCIPLE OF PA SYSTEM

EXIT

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Definition electronic amplifier that amplifies low-power audio signals

20 - 20 000 Hz (level suitable for driving loudspeakers) stage in a typical audio playback chain.

final

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OBE

Exercise

Discus

in your group of what is the application of audio amplifier

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Speaker

Pre Amplifier

Driver Amplifier

Audio / Power Amplifier

I/P Transducer ex: mic, tape head etc.

Tone control Bass, Volume, Treble

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Transducer
converts
energy

one type of energy to another

types include electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic (including light), chemical and etc

CD/DVD

Player, Tape, Radio AM/FM, Microphone, MP3 Player, IPod and etc

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Pre Amplifier prepares a small electrical signal for further amplification or processing

often placed close to the sensor to reduce the effects of noise and interference

used to boost the signal strength without significantly degrading the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)

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Tone control Bass, Volume, Treble

the sound produced on the speakers to match the original of Bass low pass filter, Treble (high pass filter) and Volume (regulator) principle of setting the tone is obtained by setting the value of R / C resonator in the filter circuit.

Consist

basic

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Driver Amplifier
amplify phase

signal from tone control

splitter & drive the power amplifier to operate.

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Audio/Power Amplifier
amplifying

the regulatory signal from the tone circuit the speaker membrane

vibrate main

requirement is a low output impedance of 4-16 ohms and high efficiency.

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Speaker converts electrical signals into sound signals

into three, namely the woofer (bass), Squeaker (middle), and the tweeter (high),subwoofer able to reproduce the audio signal below the woofer
of 4 ohm speakers, 8 ohms and 16

Impedance

ohms.
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OBE

Exercise

Discus in your group of what is the example of transducer What is the different between Bass sound and Treble sound.

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Pre- amp

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uPC1032H low noise preamplifier

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When

we want to use the signals from the tape head, magnetic needle, or a microphone as the input signal, then it must be through a network of small-signal amplifier all input signal frequencies will be reinforced with multiples of the same magnitude. In Figure 7.1 below shows a simple network of pre-amplifier. Equalizer network is determined by the values of R1, R2, R3, C2, C3, and C4 to adjust the value of Gain,A.
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Tone

control

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Before

the tone control circuit input, there is a transistor amplifier arranged with collector-base configuration feedback
control located at the input transistors, the linear P2.

Balance

Bass

voice is controlled by P3, whereas the treble voice operated by P4.

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Power

amplifier (IC TA7230A)

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R14,

R15, C24, and C25 at the input is a low pass filter network
and C18 are used for input signal and arranged to prevent the voltage at on pins 3 and 8

C15

C16

and C17 is a noun coefficients to the ac signal so that low-frequency sounds are not muted

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C19

is a bypass filter to the AF amplifier ripple voltage to it

Amplifier

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 Power

amplifier (IC LM386)

Bypass cap-avoid humming

R1

C3 R2 C2

Coupling cap-block DC voltage (DC voltage can heat up and burn the speaker)

Lowpass filter-adjust Bass

 C1

and C2 known as bypass capacitor. It always applied at the voltage supplied to avoid humming noise.
and R2 known as lowpass filter. It only let the low frequency pass. This also applied as a Bass sound controller. known as coupling capacitor. It block DC Voltage and only let AC Voltage through. DC can heat up and burn the speaker.

C3

C1

 Power

amplifier (IC LM386) operation

pnp

V-

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Power

supply

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transformer

center tap is used with the rating of 1A, 12-0-12 volts.

Diodes

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C26

is supplied to the positive point of enforcement, at which point VCC.

Supply

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Use

Audio generator and oscilloscope to determine the voltage gain of the amplifier Use multimeter to measure DC voltage

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Block Diagram of CRT Television

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Supply line variable voltage transformer (Variac) allows you to make any power supply variable can be slowly increased while monitoring the amplifier's output voltage (multimeter). Another useful test tool is a "lamp lead" - a standard light bulb (usually 100W) wired in series with a mains lead (and properly insulated) An amp with a short circuit fault will cause the lamp to glow at full brightness, but a normal load will cause the lamp to flash brightly for a moment, then settle down to a steady dull glow.
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Coupling component/signal line capacitive coupling is typically achieved by placing a capacitor in series with the signal to be coupled. In analog circuits, a coupling capacitor is used to connect two circuits such that only the AC signal from the first circuit can pass through to the next while DC is blocked Capacitive coupling is also known as AC coupling and the capacitor used for the purpose is known as a coupling or DC blocking capacitor.
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Biasing method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points the point on the output characteristics that shows the direct current (DC), collectoremitter voltage (VCE), and the collector current (IC) with no input signal applied The term is normally used in connection with devices such as transistors.

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Filtering electronic circuits which perform signal processing functions, specifically to remove unwanted frequency components from the signal, to enhance wanted ones, or both

high-pass, low-pass, bandpass,

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output

This diagram shows the behavior of a signal (made up of a square wave followed by a sine wave) as it is passed through various distorting functions.

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Distorted output The first trace (in black) shows the input. It also shows the output from a non-distorting transfer function (straight line). A high-pass filter (green trace) will distort the shape of a square wave by reducing its low frequency components. As the sine wave contains only one frequency, its shape is unaltered. A low-pass filter (blue trace) will round the pulses by removing the high frequency components.
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slightly non-linear transfer function (purple), this one is gently compressing as may be typical of a tube audio amplifier, will compress the peaks of the sine wave A hard-clipping transfer function (red) will generate high order harmonics. Parts of the transfer function are flat, which indicates that all information about the input signal has been lost in this region.

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Stage in PA system

Preamplifier

Equalizer /tone control

Driver

Power Amplifier

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OBE Exercise. Discus in your group what is the purpose of every stage below
Preamplifier
Equalizer/tone Driver Power
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control

Amplifier.

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