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Rocket Anatomy: - Components and Parts - Configuration / Arrangement

This document discusses the components, configuration, and key parameters of rockets and aircraft. For rockets, it describes common components like stages, tanks, and nozzles, as well as configuration types and parameters such as takeoff mass, propellant mass, payload mass, and specific impulse. For aircraft, it outlines components like wings, elevators, and fuselages, configuration characteristics involving wing and tail placement, and parameters including gross weight, thrust-to-weight ratio, wing area, and wing loading. The document provides illustrations of different configuration types for both rockets and aircraft.

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Krishna Myakala
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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111 views17 pages

Rocket Anatomy: - Components and Parts - Configuration / Arrangement

This document discusses the components, configuration, and key parameters of rockets and aircraft. For rockets, it describes common components like stages, tanks, and nozzles, as well as configuration types and parameters such as takeoff mass, propellant mass, payload mass, and specific impulse. For aircraft, it outlines components like wings, elevators, and fuselages, configuration characteristics involving wing and tail placement, and parameters including gross weight, thrust-to-weight ratio, wing area, and wing loading. The document provides illustrations of different configuration types for both rockets and aircraft.

Uploaded by

Krishna Myakala
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Vehicle Anatomy and


Parameters
Rocket anatomy
Components and parts
Configuration / arrangement
Major rocket parameters
Aircraft anatomy
Components and parts
Configuration / arrangement
Major aircraft parameters

2
Rocket Components and Parts
payload fairing:
protective envelope
around payload
payload adapter: joins
payload to rocket
stage: a complete rocket
unit (propellant,
engine, structure)
tanks: carry oxidizer (no
air in space) and fuel;
integrated into structure
interstage adapter:
structure connecting
stages
nozzles: convert
combustion products
into thrust
3
Rocket Configuration /
Arrangement
stages
single stage multi-stage
thrust arrangement
parallel series
control devices
fins
canards
vanes in
nozzle
gimbaled thrust
4
Major Rocket Parameters
Describe the size of the rocket
US defense agencies use USCS units
NASA, European and Asian companies
use SI units
Takeoff mass [kg], m
0


Propellant mass [kg], m
p

mass of fuel and oxidizer needed
5
Payload mass [kg], m
payload


Mass ratio


Specific impulse [sec], I
sp

f
o
m
m
R =
Major Rocket Parameters
6
Airplane Components and Parts
wings: provide lift
elevators: pitch
control
horizontal stabilizer: longitudinal
(pitch) stability
flaps: provide additional lift
(trailing edge)
ailerons: provide roll
control
spoilers: disrupt flow
(reduce lift & increase
drag)
pylons: attach engines
to aircraft
http://www.allstar.fiu.edu/aero/fltmidparts.htm
7
Airplane Components and Parts
vertical stabilizer (fin): lateral
(yaw) stability
rudder: yaw control
nose gear: ground steering
main gear: support aircraft
weight on ground
nacelles: enclose engines
fuselage: envelope around
payload and crew
8
Describing Aircraft
Configurations
Vertical wing location
high wing mid-wing low wing
Dihedral angle
dihedral flat anhedral
elliptic
Wing planform
rectangular tapered
swept delta
Tail arrangement
conventional T-tail H-tail
triple-tail V-tail
9
Aircraft Configuration /
Arrangement
Wing location


Dihedral


Wing planform


Tail arrangement
General Dynamics F-16
10
Fairchild
Republic A-10
Wing location


Dihedral
Tail arrangement


Wing planform
Aircraft Configuration /
Arrangement
11
AVRO RJX regional jet
Wing location


Dihedral


Wing planform


Tail arrangement
Aircraft Configuration /
Arrangement
12
Major Aircraft Parameters
Describe the size of the aircraft
US aircraft companies use USCS units
European and Asian companies use SI units
Gross weight [lb], W
0
or W
g



Empty weight [lb], W
e

13
Major Aircraft Parameters
Payload weight [lb], W
payload



Crew weight [lb], W
crew



Fuel weight [lb], W
fuel

14
Thrust-to-weight ratio or
Power-to-weight ratio [hp/lb]
0
W
W
e
0
W
T
0
W
P
Major Aircraft Parameters
Empty weight fraction
15
S
b
AR
2
=
Major Aircraft Parameters
Wing area [ft
2
],
S or S
w
planform or projected
area
Wing span [ft], b
tip to tip distance
Aspect ratio, AR
wing shape
16
Major Aircraft Parameters
Wing loading [lb/ft
2
],
W
0
/S
measure of wing size


Wing chord [ft], c
leading edge to
trailing edge distance
at tip, c
tip
at root, c
root
17
Major Aircraft Parameters
Taper ratio,
wing shape



Mean aerodynamic
chord [ft], c
mac

aerodynamic
average
root
tip
c
c
=
|
.
|

\
|
+

+ =
1
1
3
2
root mac
c c

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