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Solid Modeling

Solid modeling represents objects with both geometric and topological information, unlike wireframe and surface models which only contain geometry. There are two main solid modeling methods: constructive solid geometry (CSG) which combines basic shapes using Boolean operations, and boundary representation (B-rep) which describes faces, edges and vertices using a connectivity structure. While both are used, B-rep has advantages for complex models as it does not rely on a limited set of primitives and can represent combinations of wireframe and surface models.

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136 views

Solid Modeling

Solid modeling represents objects with both geometric and topological information, unlike wireframe and surface models which only contain geometry. There are two main solid modeling methods: constructive solid geometry (CSG) which combines basic shapes using Boolean operations, and boundary representation (B-rep) which describes faces, edges and vertices using a connectivity structure. While both are used, B-rep has advantages for complex models as it does not rely on a limited set of primitives and can represent combinations of wireframe and surface models.

Uploaded by

vipinvnu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presented by: VIPIN

30-10-2013

Solid modeling
For many engineering purposes wire-frame and surface

models are satisfactory. The increasing application of computers in engineering analysis, or generation of various engineering information, means that representation of an object should be as complete as possible. Solid model representations have been developed and become a predominate form of design representation Unlike wire frame and surface models, which contain only geometric data, solid models contain both geometric data and topological information of the corresponding objects.
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Use of solid modeling in design and manufacturing is

rapidly increasing because of ,


reduced computing cost fast computing hardware Improved user interfaces Software improvement produces accurate design provides complete 3dimensional definition improves quality of design improve visualization has potential for functional automation and

integration.
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Methods
Solid modeling is the most powerful 3D modeling technique.
There are more number of methods available to generate solid models. Out of which two basic approaches are important.

They are (1) Constructive solid geometry (CSG). (2) Boundary representation (B-rep.)

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Constructive solid geometry (CSG)


Constructive solid geometry allows a modeller to create a complex surface or object by using Boolean operators to combine objects. The common Boolean operators include set-theoretic intersection (), set-theoretic union (), and difference (-).

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Constructive Solid Geometry


A solid modeler has a library of set of basic element shapes known as primitives like cuboid, cylinder, sphere, cone, wedge, torus etc as shown

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Boolean Operations

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Different ways of constructing the same part using CSG

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Boundary Representation (B-Rep)


Boundary representation models contain two

pieces of critical information, geometry and topology B-rep model represents objects by describing the bounding entities. It is comprised of faces, edges and vertices of the object are identified. These topological items are defined using a Connectivity data structure
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Baumgarts Winged-edge data structure

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Validation of a B-rep model


Eulers law states that a polyhedron is topologically valid if the following equation is satisfied, F-E+V=2
which means that for a polyhedron to be valid, the number of faces (F), edges (E), and vertices (V) must satisfy this equation
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Advantages of B-Rep over CSG


The B-rep scheme is more widely used because In CSG the number of basic primitives available are limited.
The performance of B-rep scheme is very much superior to that of CSG scheme for complex engineering models. Conversion of CSG to B-rep is possible, but conversion from B-rep to CSG is not possible. Combining the wire frame and surface model is possible only through B-rep solid representation.
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Comparison

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