Wimax (802.
16)
A Road to Mobile Life
SUBMITTED BY: PRATIK ANAND 354/09 7TH SEM. ECE
TOPICS
Development of Wireless Communication Wi-MAX Introduction WiMAX Forum Technical specifications Network Architecture WiMAX Key Technology: OFDMA, TDD, MIMO Application Scenarios
What is WiMAX
WiMAX or Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access had its origins in backhaul connectivity using microwave access such as LMDS/MMDS WiMAX has become a hot topic in the wireless industry, with visible and aggressive backing from INTEL, among others
WiMAX is designed to provide last-mile or backhaul connectivity using wireless
Last-mile refers to a wireless connection from a major trunk line to a business or residential user Using IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) standard, approved in January 2003, to provide operations in the <11GHz spectrum range
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WiMAX Forum
In April of 2001, the WiMAX forum is set up. This forum participates in
authenticating the standardization and interoperability of the broadband radio access products based on IEEE 802.16 and ETSI HiperMAN.
This forum is organized by many radio communication equipment suppliers,
component suppliers, operators, which is a nonprofit organization. In November of 2004, the Network Working Group (NWG) is set up, which participates in setting downing the network standards for the IEEE 802.16d and IEEE 802.16e.
IEEE 802.16 Working Group
In 1999, the IEEE working group is set up, which studies the
IEEE 802.16 Working Group
broadband radio access technology standard. The aim of this group is to establish a global broadband radio access standard.
This group sets down the broadband access system standards,
including the air interface standards and associated standards.
At the beginning of 2003, this group issues the 802.16a standard that
defines the 2 GHz to 11 GHz NLOS fixed access system. On October 1 of 2004, this group issues the 802.16d fixed access standard. In the end of 2005, this group issues the 802.16e standard. Now, the 802.16e Release3 has been issued.
Introduction to IEEE 802.16 Series
SN 802.16 802.16a 802.16c 802.16d 802.16e 802.16f 802.16g Technical Field 10-66 GHz, fixed broadband wireless access system air standard 2-11 GHz fixed broadband wireless access system air standard Supplementary provisions about the compatibility of 10-66 GHz fixed broadband wireless access system 2-11 GHz fixed wireless access system air standard 2-11 GHz fixed and mobile broadband wireless access system air standard Fixed broadband wireless access system air interface MIB requirements Fixed and mobile broadband wireless access system air interface management plane flow and service requirements
802.16d and 802.16e are two mainstream Um interface standards.
WiMAX Vision: Broadband Everywhere
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FRACTIONAL E1 for SMALL BUSINESS BACKHAUL for HOTSPOTS
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Mobile Backhaul RESIDENTIAL & SoHo DSL LEVEL SERVICE
E1+ LEVEL SERVICE ENTERPRISE
802.16d
802.16d
WMAN Nomadic Coverage --> handoff from HOT SPOTS H H H H H H H = wide area coverage outside of Hot Spots H H
802.16e
INTERNET BACKBONE
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BWA Operator Network Backbone
Mobility
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Access Service Network (ASN)
The ASN consists of BS and ASN-GW. The ASN can access to multiple connectivity service networks (CSNs) and provide radio access service to the CSN of different network service providers (NSPs). The ASN manages the air interface of IEEE 802.16 and provides radio access to the WiMAX subscribers.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multiplexing
technique that subdivides the bandwidth into multiple frequency subcarriers. In an OFDM system, the input data stream is divided into several parallel sub-streams and each sub-stream is modulated and transmitted on a separate orthogonal sub-carrier. It enables a large number of sub-carriers (up to 2048).
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a multipleaccess/multiplexing scheme that provides multiplexing operation of data streams from multiple users onto the downlink sub-channels and uplink multiple accesses by means of uplink sub-channels.
TDD Frame Structure
The 802.16e supports TDD operation; however the initial release of Mobile WiMAX certification profiles will only include TDD. With ongoing releases, FDD profiles will be considered by the WiMAX Forum to address specific market opportunities where local spectrum regulatory requirements either prohibit TDD or are more suitable for FDD deployments. TDD is the preferred duplexing mode for the following reasons: TDD enables adjustment of the downlink/uplink ratio to efficiently support asymmetric downlink/ uplink traffic, while with FDD, downlink and uplink always have fixed and generally, equal DL and UL bandwidths. TDD assures channel reciprocity for better support of link adaptation, MIMO and other closed loop advanced antenna technologies. Unlike FDD, which requires a pair of channels, TDD only requires a single channel for both downlink and uplink providing greater flexibility for adaptation to varied global spectrum allocations. Transceiver designs for TDD implementations are less complex and therefore less expensive.
Advanced Features of WiMAX Technology
Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC): Support for QPSK,16QAM & 64QAM are mandatory in the DL with Mobile WiMAX.
Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ): supported by Mobile WiMAX. HARQ is enabled using Stop and Wait protocol which provides fast response to packet errors and improves cell edge coverage. A dedicated ACK channel is provided in the uplink for HARQ ACK/NACK signaling.
MIMO: Smart antenna technologies typically involve complex vector
or matrix operations on signals due to multiple antennas. OFDMA allows smart antenna operations to be performed. OFDMA is very well-suited to support smart antenna technologies. In fact, MIMOOFDM/OFDMA has evolved as the corner-stone for next generation broadband communication systems.
APPLICATIONS
Connectivity for SMBs Wimax Backhaul Nomadic Broadband Private Networks
