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Lesson 2 Hardware

This document discusses computer hardware and its functions. It describes hardware as the physical parts of a computer system like circuit boards, chips, monitors, disks, and drives. It then covers the four main functions of computer hardware: input, which allows a computer to receive commands and information through devices like keyboards, mice, and scanners; processing, which is done by the CPU and converts data; storage, using memory devices like hard drives, flash drives, and RAM; and output, how the computer communicates information using devices like monitors, printers, and speakers. It provides examples of common input, storage, and output devices and their purposes.

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Jeff Erni
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124 views

Lesson 2 Hardware

This document discusses computer hardware and its functions. It describes hardware as the physical parts of a computer system like circuit boards, chips, monitors, disks, and drives. It then covers the four main functions of computer hardware: input, which allows a computer to receive commands and information through devices like keyboards, mice, and scanners; processing, which is done by the CPU and converts data; storage, using memory devices like hard drives, flash drives, and RAM; and output, how the computer communicates information using devices like monitors, printers, and speakers. It provides examples of common input, storage, and output devices and their purposes.

Uploaded by

Jeff Erni
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HARDWARE

refers to the physical and mechanical components of a computer system. It consists of the devices like circuit boards, chips, monitors, disks, disk drives, modems, keyboards and printers. In other words, hardware refers to the individual parts of the computers.

HARDWARE

Functions of Computer Hardware

Functions of Computer Hardware

I. INPUT
The ability of the computer to take commands and be fed with information. Input devises are needed to do the job.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES

keyboard
The keyboard is usually the primary input device for a PC, it is very simple to operate, and touchtyping aside, most people can operate a keyboard well enough.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES Light pen


Light pens are electronic pointers that allow users to modify designs on-screen. The hand-held pointer contains sensors that send signals to the computer whenever light is recorded.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES mouse


a pointing device that functions by

detecting two - dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface. Physically, a mouse consists of an object held under one of the user's hands, with one or more buttons.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES


trackball

A trackball is basically an inverted mouse; the user rotates the ball itself while clicking nearby buttons.

Functions of Computer Hardware

II. PROCESS
Defined as the conversion of

data from one format to another. Data, in this sense refer to a collection of numbers which the computer understands.

Functions of Computer Hardware

II. PROCESS
The microprocessor is the brain of the computer; it controls the flow of data which is why the microprocessor is also called the central processing unit (CPU). A computer is usually defined by the power of its microprocessor. The more powerful the microprocessor, the greater the performance of the computer.

Functions of Computer Hardware

III. STORAGE
Refers to the ability of the computer to store memory and retain information. Computer memory is measured in bytes. A byte is a series of 1s and 0s, grouped as a sequence eight digits.

Units of Measurement
1 kilobyte (KB) 1 Megabyte (MB) 1 Gigabytes (GB) 1000 bytes 1000 kilobytes 1000 megabytes

Read-only memory (ROM)


ROM, acronym for read-only memory. In computer science, semiconductor-based memory that contains instructions or data that can be read but not modified. To create a ROM chip, the designer supplies a semiconductor manufacturer with the instructions or data to be stored; the

manufacturer then produces one or more chips containing those instructions or data. is permanent and long term. It is non-volatile, which means that whatever is stored in the ROM does not disappear or changed even if the computer is shut down. It cannot be written over, so it is characterized by read-only

Random-access memory (RAM)


is used only when the computer

is turned-on. It handles all data that are actively used. RAM is needed to run software applications from the operating systems (OS).

Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM) Double Data Rate(DDR)

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF STORAGE DEVICES


A hard disk drive (often shortened as hard disk, hard drive, or HDD) is a non-volatile storage device that stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating rigid platters with magnetic surfaces.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF STORAGE DEVICES


in computer science, a round,

flat piece of Mylar coated with ferric oxide, a rust like substance containing tiny particles capable of holding a magnetic field, and encased in a protective plastic cover, the disk jacket. Data is stored on a floppy disk by the disk drive's read/write head, which alters the magnetic orientation of the particles.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF STORAGE DEVICES


A USB flash drive is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface. USB flash drives are typically removable and rewritable, and physically much smaller than a floppy disk.

optical disc drive


In computing, an optical disc drive

(ODD) is a disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves near the light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical drive. Some drives can only read from discs, but recent drives are commonly both readers and recorders

700 MB (up to 80 minutes audio) 4.7 GB (single-sided, single-layer) 8.5 GB (single-sided, double-layer) 25 to 50 GB (single-layer) 50 to 100 GB (dual-layer)

Functions of Computer Hardware

IV. OUTPUT
If we feed instructions to computers, there

are also ways for computers to communicate to the outside world. Computers do this through output devices. The most common output devise is the monitor or screen. Speakers and printers are also examples of output devises. They tell us what the computer is doing with the instructions that we feed it.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF OUTPUT DEVICES Printer - A printer is a peripheral which produces a hard copy (permanent humanreadable text and/or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper or transparencies.

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF OUTPUT DEVICES

monitor
liquid crystal display (LCD)

Functions of Computer Hardware

EXAMPLES OF OUTPUT DEVICES

Speakers

Identify the following computer hardware:

1
2

Identify the following computer hardware:

4 3

Identify the following computer hardware:

Identify the following computer hardware:

Identify the following computer hardware:

9 10

Answers:
1. Optical Drive / CD/DVD Rom 2.

3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Hard Disk CPU Printer Speaker Monitor Keyboard Memory card Mouse Track ball

Things to ponder:
Each computer hardware component has its own specific function but can only work when they are properly assembled to complete a whole system . It is important to get a good group of a working computer.

Evaluation:
Classify the following whether it is an Input, Output, Process, Storage devices: 1. Mouse 2. Keyboard 3. monitor 4. Memory cards 5. Hard disks 6. Flash drives 7. Microprocessor 8. Printers 9. Floppy disk 10. Speakers

Answers:
1. Input 2. Input

3. Output
4. Storage

5. Storage
6. Storage 7. Process

8. Output
9. Storage

10. Output

Assignment
1. Research for the proper installation and assembly of a

computer system.
References: Any computer related books and the internet.

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