What is Horticulture?
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Horticulture
Comes from the Latin hortus cultorum Hortus = garden Cultorum= cultivation
Horticulture is the cultivation, processing and marketing of flowers, ornamental plants, vegetables, fruits and nuts.
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So what falls under horticulture?
Take a minute and turn to the person next to you and come up with what things might fall under the science of horticulture.
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Divisions of Horticulture
Fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants
Floriculture Landscape and nursery industry Olericulture Pomology
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Floriculture
Floriculture is the science and practice of growing, harvesting, storing, designing, and marketing flowering plants.
Floral Design (Florist) Cut-Flower Production Any flowering plants
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Landscape and Nursery
Landscape and nursery industry is the science and practice of propagation, growing, planting, maintaining and using grasses, annuals, shrubs and trees.
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Olericulture
Olericulture is the science and practice of growing, harvesting, storing, processing and marketing vegetables.
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Pomology
Pomology is the science and practice of growing, harvesting, storing, processing and marketing tree grown fruits.
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Why is Hort important?
Well, ah, let me think
I would like to continue EATING Oh yeah, and breathing clean AIR
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Why is Hort Important?
Nutrition Clean Air Economic Benefits Environmental Benefits
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Nutrition
Fruits and vegetables are horticultural crops Healthy plants mean healthy people
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Clean Air
Through photosynthesis plants reduce carbon dioxide and release oxygen into the atmosphere. Some plants can actually help filter particles out of the air.
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Economic Benefits
Horticulture provides over $25 billion to the national economy each year. In NC the horticulture industry totaled almost $1.3 billion in 2004. The industry also provides jobs and increases the value of homes and businesses.
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Environmental Benefits
In addition to clean air, plants
Hold soil in place, preventing erosion and runoff Can in some cases remove toxins from soil Provide shade to homes, which reduce cooling costs
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Outlook for the Future
Overall the horticulture industry is projected to expand
Due mainly to the population increase
More people means more food
Increased amount of dispensable income
People have more money to spend on landscaping
This means that the number of jobs is expected to grow as well
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Horticulture is popular and important in all societies, both rich and poor. The popularity of horticulture is due to its economic value, job opportunities created, high-quality food produced, and aesthetic pleasures. Wholesale sales in 2004 for floriculture, which includes the production, distribution, and processing of flowering and foliage plants, totaled $5.2 billion dollars. California, Florida, Michigan, Texas, and New York led the nation in wholesale floriculture production.
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ECONOMY OF UNITED STATES
Horticulture is popular and important in all societies, both rich and poor. The popularity of horticulture is due to its economic value, job opportunities created, high-quality food produced, and aesthetic pleasures. Wholesale sales in 2004 for floriculture, which includes the production, distribution, and processing of flowering and foliage plants, totaled $5.2 billion dollars. California, Florida, Michigan, Texas, and New York led the nation in wholesale floriculture production. S ESWARA REDDY
Vegetables are grown on 1 percent of the total cropland in the United States.
This amount has been relatively stable for the past 25 years. However, the production of vegetables has increased.
The increase in production on virtually the same amount of land is the result of increased technology and more efficient prHorticulture boasts great popularity in the United States and throughout the world.
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It has also been common throughout history for people to raise fruits and vegetables in small gardens to supplement their diets.
A green revolution took place in the 1960s and 1970s, the interest in horticulture grew. Today, horticulture is popular and important in all societies, both rich and poor.oduction practices.duction in 2004 was $3.25 billion.
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ECONOMY OF KENYA BY HORTICULTURE
The horticultural industry is among the leading foreign exchange earners and contributes enormously to food security and household incomes to a majority of Kenyan producers who carry out one form of horticultural production or another. The industry employs over six million Kenyans directly and indirectly. Of the total horticultural production, about 95 percent is consumed or utilized locally, while the remaining 5 percent is exported; yet in terms of incomes, the export segment earns the country huge amounts of foreign exchange. For example, in 2011, the industry earned the country KES 91.2 billion from exports.
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INDIAN ECONOMY BY HORTICULTURE
It is estimated that India has 240 million acres of cultivable wasteland, which is lying idle, which can be brought under orchard crops without curtailing the area under food crops. The country has abundant sunshine throughout year, surplus labour and widely varied agro-climatic conditions, which offers high potential for successful and profitable commercial horticulture.
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India with more than 28.2 million tonnes of fruits and 66 million tonnes of vegetables is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world next only to Brazil and China. However, per capita consumption of fruits and vegetables in India is only around 46kg and 130g against a minimum of about 92g and 300g respectively recommended by Indian Council of Medical Research and National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad. With the present level of population, the annual requirement of fruits and vegetables will be of the order of 32.58million tonnes and 83million tonnes respectively. To meet this requirement the National Commission on Agriculture has projected an area of 4m.ha. and 8m.ha. under fruits and vegetable crops respectively by 2000A.D.
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It is estimated that all the horticulture crops put together cover nearly 11-6 million hectares area with an annual production of 91 million tonnes.
Though these crops occupy hardly 7% of the cropped area they contribute over 18% to the gross agricultural output in the country.
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Horticultural crops play a unique role in Indias economy by improving the income of the rural people. Cultivation of these crops is labour intensive and as such they generate lot of employment opportunities for the rural population. Fruits and vegetables are also rich source of vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates etc. which are essential in human nutrition. Hence, these are referred to as protective foods and assumed great importance as nutritional security of the people. Thus, cultivation of horticultural crops plays a vital role in the prosperity of a nation and is directly linked with the health and happiness of the people.
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