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Class #29 Short Circuit Analysis 5-4-04

This document discusses short circuit analysis and distribution feeder protection. It covers calculating the Thevenin equivalent source for a system, determining fault currents through transformers and transmission lines, and common protection devices used like circuit breakers, reclosers and fuses. An example is provided for calculating short circuit currents on the Tortugas feeder.

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Alex
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34 views19 pages

Class #29 Short Circuit Analysis 5-4-04

This document discusses short circuit analysis and distribution feeder protection. It covers calculating the Thevenin equivalent source for a system, determining fault currents through transformers and transmission lines, and common protection devices used like circuit breakers, reclosers and fuses. An example is provided for calculating short circuit currents on the Tortugas feeder.

Uploaded by

Alex
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class #29

Short Circuit Analysis


Distribution Feeder Protection
Topics
Short Circuit Analysis
Thevenin equivalent source
Substation transformer
Thevenin equivalent at fault point
RDAP short circuit system
Distribution Feeder Protection
Circuit breaker + relay
Recloseres
Fuses
Source Thevenin Equivalent
Given
Three-phase short circuit MVA
Single-phase short circuit MVA
Required
Equivalent positive sequence impedance
Equivalent zero sequence impedance
Equivalent source phase impedance matrix
Equivalent Source Sequence
Impedances
( )
( )
2
/
3_
2
3
/ 2
1_
kV
LL
Z
pos pos
MVA
phase
kV
LL
Z Z
zero zero pos
MVA
phase
u
u
=

=
Equivalent System Phase Impedance
Matrix
| |
| | | | | | | |
| |
0 0
0 0
012
0 0
1
012
2
1
2
3
2
Z
zero
Zsys Z
pos
Z
pos
Zsys A Zsys A
ABC s s
Z Z Z Z Z Z
zero pos zero pos zero pos
Zsys Z Z Z Z Z Z
ABC zero pos zero pos zero pos
Z Z Z Z Z Z
zero pos zero pos zero pos
(
(
= (
(
(

=
(
+
(
= + (
(
+
(

Thevenin Equivalent System
[Zsys ]
ABC
Source
[ELN
ABC
]
[I
ABC
]
[I
abc
]
[VLN
abc
]
Thevenin Equivalent System Through
a Three-Phase Transformer
[Z
th
]
[I
abc
]
[VLN
abc
]
[E
th
]
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Eth A Eth
abc t ABC
Zth A Zsys d B
abc t ABC t t
=
= +
Faulted Node
[Z
th
]
[I
abc
]
[VLN
abc
]
[E
th
] [Z
feeder
]
Faulted Node
Three-Phase Equivalent Circuit
c
b
a
+
+
+
x
-
-
-
Vax
Vbx
Vcx
+
-
Vxg
Faulted
Node
Ea
Eb
Ec
+ + +
- - -
[ZTOT]
Zf
Zf
Zf
Ifa
Ifb
Ifc
Common Equations
0 0
0 0
0 0
Simplify:
Z V
E Z Z Z If If V f xg
a aa ab ac a a ax
E Z Z Z If Z If V V
b ba bb bc b f b bx xg
E Z Z Z If If V
Z V c ca cb cc c c cx
f xg
IP If
a a
IP If
b b
IP If
c c
( (
( ( ( ( (
( (
( ( ( ( (
= + + + ( (
( ( ( ( (
( (
( ( ( ( (

( (

(
(
=
(
(

0 0
0 0
0 0
V
Y Y Y V Ys xg
aa ab ac ax a
Y Y Y V Ys V
ba bb bc bx b xg
Y Y Y V Ys
V ca cb cc cx c
xg
(
( ( ( (
(
( ( ( (
+ + (
( ( ( (
(
( ( ( (

(

Matrix Equation to Solve
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
0
0
0
0
If
IP Y Y Y Ys
a
a aa ab ac a
If
IP Y Y Y Ys
b
b ba bb bc b
If
IP Y Y Y Ys
c
c ca cb cc c
V
ax
V
bx
V
cx
V
xg
(
( (
(
( (
(
( (
(
( (
(
( (
=
(
( (
(
( (

(
( (

(
( (
(
( (



Three-Phase Fault Equations
0
0
V V V
ax bx cx
I I I
a b c
= = =
+ + =
Three-Phase to Ground Equations
0 V V V V
ax bx cx xg
= = = =
Line-to-Line Fault Equations
i-j Fault with k unfaulted
0
0
0
V V
ix jx
If
k
If If
i j
= =
=
+ =
Line-to-Ground Fault Equations
k faulted with i and j unfaulted
0
0
V V
kx xg
If If
i j
= =
= =
Tortugas Feeder Short Circuit
Analysis
69
600/ 80
3
800/ 85
1
kV
LL
MVA
MVA
=
=
=
Tortugas Short Circuit Currents
Short Circuit.txt
Feeder Protection
High Side Fuse
Low Side
Circuit Breaker + Relay
Recloser
Downstream
Recloser
Fuses
Tortugas Feeder Protection

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