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Shaft Design

A shaft transmits power and is designed to withstand various forces. The design process involves determining the shaft's rotational speed, torque, mounted components and their locations, bearing positions, geometry, and stresses at different points. Stresses considered include torsional shear from torque, reversed vertical shear, and normal stresses from fatigue bending loads. Design stresses depend on the material and loading conditions. Key considerations for shafts include stress concentrations from features like key seats and grooves.

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640 views37 pages

Shaft Design

A shaft transmits power and is designed to withstand various forces. The design process involves determining the shaft's rotational speed, torque, mounted components and their locations, bearing positions, geometry, and stresses at different points. Stresses considered include torsional shear from torque, reversed vertical shear, and normal stresses from fatigue bending loads. Design stresses depend on the material and loading conditions. Key considerations for shafts include stress concentrations from features like key seats and grooves.

Uploaded by

Farah Huma
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Shaft Design

A shaft is a rotating machine component that transmits power.

Example

Example

More Examples

Procedure for Design of a Shaft


Determine the rotational speed of the shaft. Determine the power or the torque to be transmitted by the shaft. Determine the design of the power transmitting components or other devices that will be mounted on the shaft, and specify the required location of each device.

Procedure for Design of a Shaft


Specify the location of bearings to support the shaft. Normally two and only two bearings are used to support a shaft. Propose the general form of the geometry for the shaft, considering how each element on the shaft will be held in position axially and how power transmission from each element to the shaft is to take place.

Procedure for Design of a Shaft


Determine the magnitude of torque that the shaft sees at all points. Determine the forces that are exerted on the shaft, both radially and axially. Resolve the radial forces into components in perpendicular directions, usually vertically and horizontally.

FORCES EXERTED ON SHAFTS BY MACHINE ELEMENTS

Spur Gears

Forces on teeth of a driven gear

Directions for Forces on Mating Spur Gears

Helical Gears

Bevel Gears

Worms and Worm Gears

Forces on Chain Sprockets

Chain Sprockets

V-Belt Sheaves

Flat-Belt Pulleys

Stress Concentrations in Shafts


In order to mount and locate the several types of machine elements on shafts properly, a final design typically contains several diameters, key seats, ring grooves, and other geometric discontinuities that create stress concentrations.

Key Seats

Shoulder Fillets

How to find K

Retaining Ring Grooves

DESIGN STRESSES FOR SHAFTS


In a given shaft, several different stress conditions can exist at the same time. Thus, the decision of what design stress to use depends on the particular situation at the point of interest.

Design Shear StressSteady Torque

We will use this value for steady torsional shear stress or vertical shear stress in shafts.

Design Shear StressReversed Vertical Shear

Design Normal Stress Fatigue Loading


For the repeated, reversed bending in a shaft caused by transverse loads applied to the rotating shaft, the design stress is related to the endurance strength of the shaft material.

Design Factor, N
We will use N = 2.0 for typical shaft designs where there is average confidence in the data for material strength and loads.

SHAFTS IN BENDING AND TORSION ONLY

Example
Design the shaft shown in Figures. It is to be machined from AISI 1144 OQT 1000 steel. The shaft is part of the drive for a large blower system supplying air to a furnace. Gear A receives 200 hp from gear P. Gear C delivers the power to gear Q. The shaft rotates at 600 rpm.

THE END

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