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Unit 5

The document discusses different television broadcast standards used around the world including NTSC, PAL, and SECAM. NTSC is used in North America and parts of Asia, PAL is used in Europe and utilizes a wider bandwidth for better picture quality, and SECAM was implemented in France. It also provides tables comparing the technical specifications of each standard including lines per frame, frequencies, and bandwidths.

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81 views

Unit 5

The document discusses different television broadcast standards used around the world including NTSC, PAL, and SECAM. NTSC is used in North America and parts of Asia, PAL is used in Europe and utilizes a wider bandwidth for better picture quality, and SECAM was implemented in France. It also provides tables comparing the technical specifications of each standard including lines per frame, frequencies, and bandwidths.

Uploaded by

mkumbhcar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Broadcast Video Standards

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VIDEO BROADCAST STANDARDS:

Most countries around the World use one of three main television broadcast Standards. These three main standards are NTSC, PAL and SECAM. However, each standard is not compatible with the other. NTSC:

The first colour TV broadcast system was implemented in the United States in 1953. This was based on the NTSC (National Television System Committee) standard. NTSC is used by many countries on the American continent as well as many Asian countries including Japan. NTSC runs on 525 lines/frame.

SYSTEM Lines/Field Horizantal Frequency Vertical Frequency Colour Subcarrier Frequency 525/60 15.734 kHz 60 Hz

NTSC M

3.579545 mHz

Video Bandwidth Sound Carrier

4.2 mHz 4.5 mHz

PAL: The PAL (Phase Alternating Line) standard was introduced in the early 1960's and implemented in most European countries except for France. The PAL standard utilises a wider channel bandwidth than NTSC which allows for better picture quality. PAL runs on 625 lines/frame.

SYSTEM

PAL B,G,H

PAL I

PAL D

PAL N

PAL M

Line/Field

625/50

625/50

625/50

625/50

525/60

Horizantal Frequency 15.625 kHz

15.625 kHz

15.625 kHz

15.625 kHz

15.750 kHz

Vertical Frequency

50 Hz

50 Hz

50 Hz

50 Hz

60 Hz

Colour Subcarrier Frequency

4.433618 MHz

4.433618 MHz

4.433618 MHz

3.582056 MHz

3.575611 MHz

Video Bandwidth

5.0 MHz

5.5 MHz

6.0 MHz

4.2 MHz

4.2 MHz

Sound Carrier

5.5 MHz

6.0 MHz

6.5 MHz

4.5 MHz

4.5 MHz

SECAM:

The SECAM (Sequential Couleur Avec Memoire or Sequential Colour with Memory) standard was introduced in the early 1960's and implemented in France. SECAM uses the same bandwidth as PAL but transmits the colour information sequentially. SECAM runs on 625 lines/frame.

SYSTEM

SECAM B,G,H

SECAM D,K,K1,L

Line/Field

625/50

625/50

Horizantal Frequency

15.625 kHz

15.625 kHz

Vertical Frequency

50 Hz

50 Hz

Video Bandwidth

5.0 MHz

6.0 MHz

Sound Carrier

5.5 MHz

6.5 MHz

Integrating Computers and Television: Television is perhaps the most important form of communication ever invented. It is certainly the most popular and influential in our society. It is an effortless window on the world, requiring of the viewer only the right time and the right channel, or for the nondiscriminating viewer, any time and any channel (except channel one). Computer presentation of information could certainly benefit from the color, motion, and sound that television offers. Television viewers could similarly benefit from the control and personalization that is promised by computer technology.

Video Capture Board


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An expansion board that provides inputs and outputs for analog and digital video. It is used to link video cameras, camcorders and tape decks to the computer for editing. Analog video inputs are converted to digital YUV or RGB color spaces for processing and converted back to analog formats for analog destinations. Capture boards that support SDI connections are used for high-end video editing.

Name: VHS Dimensions: 7 3/8 x 4 1/16 x 1 Tape Width: inch Horizontal Resolution: 240 lines Year Introduced: 1976 Description: VHS (also commonly referred to as inch) was designed to be a consumer format used mostly for playback and recording on home VCRs. Its main advantage over similar tape formats is its maximum record time. Because of the popularity of VHS machines in the marketplace, it is has always been the videotape format of choice for distribution. However, the video and audio quality of VHS tape does not lend itself for professional production or post-production.

Name: Super-VHS (S-VHS) Dimensions: 7 3/8 x 4 1/16 x 1 Tape Width: inch Horizontal Resolution: 400 lines Year Introduced: 1987 Description: Super-VHS is an improvement on video and audio qualities of the VHS format and was

designed primarily for the acquisition of video footage by professionals who could not afford expensive production equipment. Many S-VHS decks will record and playback regular VHS tapes however, S-VHS tapes will not playback on VHS decks.

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