Course Code PHYSICS FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE L T P C

Theory Course with Laboratory Component

24PH201 (Common to B.E. CSD, CSE and B.Tech. ADS, IT) 3 0 2 4

OBJECTIVES:
The course will enable the learners to:

 understand the classical free electron theory and Fermi distribution function
 relate the theory of laser with its applications in optical fibers
 solve the Schrodinger’s wave equation in one dimensional and three dimensional box
 gain the basic knowledge in quantum operators and quantum gates
 comprehend the behavior of semiconductor diodes in various electron devices and nano
electronic devices

UNIT I ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 15

Classical free electron theory - Expression for electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity -
thermal conductivity of a bad conductor- Lee’s disc method -Effect of temperature on Fermi
function - Density of energy states and average energy of an electron at 0 K- Effective mass of
electron - Concept of hole.

Semiconductors - Direct and Indirect bandgap semiconductors - Intrinsic Carrier Concentration -

Bandgap Determination.
(Theory -9)

1. Determination of Thermal conductivity of a bad conductor - Lee’s Disc Method

2. Bandgap determination of intrinsic semiconductor
(Laboratory- 6)

UNIT II LASER 18
Characteristics of Laser, Spatial and Temporal Coherence - Population inversion - Relation
between Einstein’s A and B coefficients - Components of Laser - Optical amplification
(qualitative) - Semiconductor lasers: Homojunction and Heterojunction- Application: Engineering
applications of lasers in data storage (qualitative), Principle of Fiber optics- Fiber optic
communication system - Fiber optic sensors (pressure and displacement).
(Theory 9)
1. Determination of divergence of the laser beam
2. Determination of acceptance angle and numerical aperture of an optical fiber
3. Determination of wavelength of semiconductor laser
(Laboratory 9)
UNIT III QUANTUM THEORY 15
Introduction- Blackbody Radiation - Newton’s law of cooling - Planck's quantum theory- matter
waves, de-Broglie wavelength, Heisenberg's Uncertainty principle, Time independent and Time-
dependent Schrödinger's wave equations, Physical significance of wave function, Particle in a one-
dimensional potential box - Particle in a three-dimensional box (qualitative) - degenerate and non-
degenerate energy levels- Quantum tunneling - Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM).
(Theory -9)
1. Determination of emissivity (Newton’s law of cooling)
2. Determination of Planck’s constant
(Laboratory- 6)

UNIT IV BASICS OF QUANTUM COMPUTING 12

Quantum Operators: Linear vector spaces - inner product space - Hilbert space - examples Vectors
and Tensors: Scalars and vectors, Dirac notations of Bra-Ket notation-Matrix representation of
observables and states.

Quantum Computing: Quantum states - classical bits - quantum bits or qubits - Entanglement and
superposition - multiple qubits - Bloch sphere - quantum gates - CNOT gate - Advantages of
quantum computing over classical computing.
(Theory -9)
1. Truth table verification of CNOT gate through Virtual Laboratory
(Laboratory-3)

UNIT V NANOELECTRONIC DEVICES 15

Introduction to Nano materials – synthesis by sol gel method, properties - Quantum confinement
- Quantum structures: Density of energy states of quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots
- band gap of nanomaterials - Quantum dot laser- Single electron phenomena -single electron
transistor - Quantum system for information processing.
(Theory -12)
1. Synthesis of Nano-powders by sol-gel method
(Laboratory- 3)

TOTAL: 75 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to:
CO1: derive electrical and thermal conductivities using classical free electron theory
CO2: calculate the electrical conductivity and bandgap in Intrinsic semiconductors
CO3: associate the basic principles of working of laser and their applications in fiber optics

CO4: calculate the energy eigen value and eigen function for a particle in a one- dimensional
and three dimensional box using Schrodinger wave equations
CO5: use quantum operators to frame equations for logic gates in Quantum computing
CO6: relate the quantum properties of nanoscale materials with their applications

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Neil W Ashcroft and N David Mermin, Solid State Physics, Harcourt College
Publishers,1976
2. M.N. Avadhanulu and P.G. Kshirsagar, A textbook of Engineering Physics, S. Chand and
Company, New Delhi, 2014.
3. David J. Griffiths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 2nd Edition, Pearson Prentice-Hall
(2004).
4. Thomas G. Wong, Introduction to Classical and Quantum Computing, Rooted Grove
(2022).

REFERENCES:
1. R. A. Serway and J.W. Jewett, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Ninth Edition,
Cengage Learning, 2014.
2. Marikani, Materials Science, PHI Learning Private Limited, Eastern Economy Edition,
2017.
3. R. Wolfson, Essential University Physics, Volume 1 and 2 with Mastering Physics, Global
Edition,3rd Edition, Pearson 2017.
4. B.K. Pandey and S. Chaturvedi, Engineering Physics, Cengage Learning India, 2012.
5. Scott Aaronson, Quantum Computing Since Democritus, Cambridge University Press
(2014).
6. Mermin, N. David, Making better sense of quantum mechanics. Reports on Progress in
Physics 82.1 (2018): 012002.
7. Michael Nielsen, L. Isaac Chuang, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information,
Cambridge University Press (2010).
8. NPTEL course on “Introduction to LASER” by Prof. M. R. Shenoy, IIT Delhi :
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc24_ph45/preview
9. NPTEL course on “Introduction to Quantum Computing: Quantum Algorithms and
Qiskit” by Prof. Prabha Mandayam, Prof. Anupama Ray, Prof. Sheshashayee
 Raghunathan, IIT Madras, IBM Research, IBM Systems :
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc24_cs67/preview
10. NPTEL course on “Introduction to Semiconductor Devices” by Prof. Naresh Kumar
Emani, IIT Hyderabad : https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc24_ee99/preview
11. Physics for Computer Science and Information Technology Laboratory Manual, R.M.K.
Engineering College, 2022.

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS

S. No. Description of Equipment Quantity

1. Semiconductor Laser 6 Nos.

2. Determination of optical fiber parameters 6 Nos.

3. Lee’s disc apparatus 6 Nos.

Bandgap determination set-up
4. 6 Nos.
Sol-gel synthesis of nano-powders
5. 6 Nos.
Planck’s constant apparatus
6. 6 Nos.
Emissivity Determination
7. 6 Nos.