Grade 7

TN

CHAPTER 1 LARGE NUMBERS AROUND US

•˙Q Key Graphic Organiser
1. Illustrated Story Panels
• Characters: Eshwarappa, Roxie, Estu,
Ramanna, Lakshmamma, Somu, etc.
• Scenes: Conversations in markets, seed banks,
classrooms, and imaginative settings (e.g., riding 1 lakh buses,
traveling to the moon).
• Tone: Friendly, colorful, and engaging.
2. Infographics s
Concept Diagrams
Topics:
• Visualizing large numbers (1 lakh, 1 crore, etc.)
• Place value systems (Indian vs. International)
• Comparing populations, distances, and quantities.
• Calculator button logic (+10, +1000, etc.)
3. Math Challenge Layouts
Interactive-style layouts for questions like:
• “How many coins to reach the Statue of Unity?”
• “How many floors to match the Kunchikal waterfall?”
• “How far is the moon if I travel 100 km/day?”
4. Fun Visual Math Tools
• Creative calculators (Thoughtful Thousands,
Tedious Tens, Handy Hundreds, Creative Chitti, Systematic
Sippy).
Grade 7
TN • Toothpick digits graphics.
Grade 7
5.
TN Comparison Charts s Tables
• Populations, growth patterns, multiplication patterns.

Vocabulary:
The key learning points
* Lakh * Understanding Large Numbers: The Chapter
* Varieties introduces the concept of "lakh" and explores how
* Farmers large numbers are used in everyday contexts, such
* Seeds as the
* Rice varieties of rice.

* Market * Number Systems: It covers both the Indian

* Seed bank and
American systems of numeration, explaining how to
* Indigenous
write and read large numbers using place
* Numbers values.
* Mathematical
* Expanded Form: The Chapter teaches how
* Digits
to express numbers in their expanded form.
* Sticks
* Equations * Estimation and Rounding Off: It touches
upon the practical application of numbers
* Estimation
through estimation and rounding off.
* Rounding off
* Indian system * Basic Arithmetic Operations: The
Chapter includes exercises and examples that
* American system
implicitly cover addition,
* Place value subtraction, multiplication, and division in the context
* Expanded form of large numbers.
* International system
* Problem Solving: It presents various
* Crore problems and thought experiments, encouraging
* Million readers to apply their understanding of
* Billion numbers to solve them.
* Trillion * Visual Representation of Digits:
* Addition The concept of "Toothpick Digits" is
* Subtraction introduced as a unique way to represent
* Multiplication and manipulate numbers using sticks.
* Division Understanding:
Do you know how big one lakh is? Let us find
* Problems out.

1 Lakh
Grade 7
TN 1,00,000
 Grade 7
Here are
TN some case-based questions:

Case 1: The Seed Bank Dilemma

Lakshmamma's seed bank has successfully collected 100 indigenous varieties of rice
seeds. Ramanna, a new farmer, visits the seed bank and wants to start growing 10
different indigenous varieties each year.

* Question 1: If Ramanna continues to grow 10 new varieties each year,

how many years will it take him to grow all 100 varieties from
Lakshmamma's seed bank?

A) If Ramanna grows 10 new varieties each year, it will take him 10 years to grow all
100 varieties from Lakshmamma's seed bank (100 varieties / 10 varieties per year =
10 years).

* Question 2: If the seed bank aims to collect "one lakh" (100,000) varieties,
and they
currently have 100, how many more varieties do they need to collect?
Express this number in the Indian system and the international system.

A)The seed bank needs to collect 99,900 more varieties (100,000 - 100 = 99,900).

* In the Indian System: Ninety-nine thousand nine hundred.

* In the International System: Ninety-nine thousand nine hundred.

Case 2: The Large Number Challenge

A group of students is tasked with identifying instances of "large numbers around us."
They come up with the following scenarios:

* Scenario A: The population of their city is stated as "3,567,890".

* Scenario B: A news report mentions a government project costing "₹1,25,00,000"

(Indian Rupees).

* Question 1: For Scenario A, write the population of the city in words

according to both the Indian System of Numeration and the
International System of Numeration.

A)* For the population 3,567,890:

* Indian System: Thirty-five lakh sixty-seven thousand eight hundred ninety.
* International System: Three million five hundred sixty-seven thousand eight hundred
ninety.

* Question 2: For Scenario B, how would you write the cost of the project
in words using the International System? If a reporter incorrectly stated
the cost as "125 million," what would be the difference in value compared
to the actual cost mentioned?
 Grade 7
A)*
TN For the cost ₹1,25,00,000:

* International System: Twelve million five hundred thousand.

* If a reporter incorrectly stated the cost as "125 million" (125,000,000), the

difference in value compared to the actual cost (12,500,000) would be
112,500,000 rupees.
 Grade 7
TN
Case 3: Toothpick Digit Puzzle

Rohan is playing with "Toothpick Digits" and forms the number "63,890" using the
required number of sticks. He accidentally drops four sticks.

* Question 1: If Rohan wants to make the largest possible number using all
the original sticks for 63,8G0 but only by rearranging them, what would that
number be?

A) The number 63,890 uses a total of 30 sticks (based on the stick counts for each digit
provided in
the chapter). To make the largest possible number using all 30 sticks by rearranging
them, you would aim for the highest possible digits in the highest place values. Since
the digit '9' requires 6 sticks,
using five '9's (99,999) would require exactly 30 sticks (5 * 6 = 30). Therefore, the largest
Case 4: The Movie Marathon

Estu wonders if he could watch 1000 movies in a year, a question posed in the PDF.

* Question 1: Calculate approximately how many movies Estu would need

to watch per day to achieve his goal of 1000 movies in a year.

A) To watch 1000 movies in a year, Estu would need to watch approximately 2.74 movies
per day (1000 movies / 365 days ≈ 2.74 movies/day).

* Question 2: Based on your calculation, do you think it is a realistic goal for

Estu to watch 1000 movies in a year, assuming an average movie length of
2 hours? Explain your reasoning.

A) Based on this calculation, it is generally not a realistic goal for Estu to watch 1000
movies in a year. Watching almost 3 movies per day, assuming an average movie length
of 2 hours, would require about
5.5 hours of dedicated movie watching daily. This is a very significant time commitment,
making it challenging to sustain alongside other daily activities and responsibilities.
The PDF itself implicitly suggests that achieving this would be very difficult.

Here are some Assertion and Reasoning based questions:

Question 1: Number Systems

* Assertion (A): The number 3,567,890 can be read as "Three million five
hundred sixty-seven thousand eight hundred ninety" in both the Indian and
International Systems of Numeration.
* Reason (R): The placement of commas and the naming of place values (like
"million" and "lakh") are different in the Indian and International Systems.
* Choose the correct option:
* a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
* b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
* c) A is true, but R is false.
* d) A is false, but R is true.
* e) Both A and R are false.
Grade 7
TN
Question 2: Magnitude of Large Numbers

* Assertion (A): If India had about one lakh varieties of rice and you tried a new
variety every day, you would not be able to taste all varieties in a lifetime of 100
years.
* Reason (R): One lakh is a very large number (100,000), and even with daily
tasting, the total number of days in 100 years is significantly less than the
number of varieties.
* Choose the correct option:
* a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
* b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
* c) A is true, but R is false.
* d) A is false, but R is true.
Question 3: Toothpick Digits

* Assertion (A): To make the number 111 using "Toothpick Digits," it would require
more sticks than to make the number 777.
* Reason (R): The digit '1' requires 2 sticks, while the digit '7' requires 3 sticks,
according to the PDF's illustration.
* Choose the correct option:
* a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
* b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
* c) A is true, but R is false.
* d) A is false, but R is true.
* e) Both A and R are false.

Question 4: Estimation

* Assertion (A): It is unrealistic to watch 1000 movies in a single year.

* Reason (R): Watching 1000 movies in a year would require watching
approximately 2 to 3 movies every single day, which is a significant time
commitment.
* Choose the correct option:
* a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation ofAnswers:
A.
Q1of(d),
* b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation A. Q2(a), Q3(d),
* c) A is true, but R is false. Q4(a)
* d) A is false, but R is true.
* e) Both A and R are false.
Here are some multiple-choice questions:
Question 1: Understanding "Lakh"
What is the numerical value of "one lakh"?
a)1,000
b)10,000
c)100,000
d)1,000,000
Question 2: Indian System of Numeration
How is the number 3,567,8G0 read in the Indian System of Numeration?
a)Three million five hundred sixty-seven thousand eight hundred ninety
b)Thirty-five lakh sixty-seven thousand eight hundred ninety
 Grade 7
c)Three hundred fifty-six lakh seventy-eight thousand nine hundred
TN
d)Three crore fifty-six lakh seventy-eight thousand nine hundred
Question 3: International System of Numeration
How is the number 1,25,00,000 (one crore twenty-five lakh) read in the
International System of Numeration?
a)One million two hundred fifty thousand
b)Twelve million five hundred thousand
c)One hundred twenty-five million
d)Twelve hundred fifty thousand
Question 4: Toothpick Digits - Stick Count
According to the "Toothpick Digits" section, how many sticks are needed to
make the digit '7'?
a)2 sticks
b)3 sticks
c)4 sticks
d)5 sticks
Question 5: Toothpick Digits - Number Formation
If the number 42,01G requires 23 sticks, and you add two more sticks to make a
bigger number, which of the following is an example given in the PDF?
a)42,087
b)42,119
c)42,078
d)42,219
Question 6: Estimation and Time
The PDF poses a question about watching 1000 movies in a year.
Approximately how many movies would one need to watch per day to
achieve this goal?
a)1 movie per day
b)2-3 movies per day
c)5 movies per day
d)10 movies per day
Question 7: Concept of Place Value
What is the primary concept explained in the PDF to help understand the
magnitude and structure of large numbers in both Indian and International
systems?
a)Addition and subtraction
b)Estimation and rounding off
c)Place value and expanded form
d)Multiplication and division
Question 8: Indigenous Varieties
According to Lakshmamma, about how many indigenous varieties of rice seeds
have been collected in the seed bank near her house?
a)About ten
b)About a hundred
c)About a thousand
d)About one lakh

Answers:

Q1(c), Q2(b), Q3(b), Q4(b), Q5(c), Q6(b), Q7(c), Q8(b)

 Grade 7
Here are
TN some fill-in-the-blanks:
1) In India, there were once about a varieties of
rice.
2) The seed bank
near Lakshmamma's house has collected about a indigenous
varieties of rice seeds.
3) In the Indian System of Numeration, commas are
generally placed after every two digits from the right, except for the first group of
digits.
4)In the International System of Numeration, commas are placed after every
digits from the right.
5) To make the digit '7' using Toothpick
Digits, sticks are needed.
6) The number 42,019 requires exactly sticks
to form using Toothpick Digits.
7) If you tried a new
variety of rice each day, it would take more than years to taste one
lakh varieties.
8)The expanded form helps to understand the value of each digit in a large number.

Answers:
1) lakh 2) hundred 3) three 4) three 5) three 6) 23 7) 100 8) place

Figure it Out (Page 3)

Question 1.
According to the 2011 Census, the population of the town of Chintamani was about
75,000. How much less than one lakh is 75,000?
Solution:
One lakh = 1,00,000
Now, 1,00,000 – 75,000 = 25,000
Thus, the population of Chintamani in 2011 was 25,000 less than one lakh.

Question 2.The estimated population of Chintamani in the year 2024 is 1,06,000. How
much more than one lakh is 1,06,000?
Solution:
1,06,000 – 1,00,000 = 6,000
Thus, the population in 2024 is 6,000 more than one lakh.

Question 3.
By how much did the population of Chintamani increase from 2011 to 2024?
Solution:
The population increase from 2011 to 2024 = 1,06,000 – 75,000 = 31,000

78921092 → 78,921,092 → Seventy-eight million nine hundred twenty-one thousand

ninety-two

7452283 → 7,452,283 → Seven million four hundred fifty-two thousand two hundred
eighty-three

99985102 → 99,985,102 → Ninety-nine million nine hundred eighty-five thousand one

hundred two

48049831 → 48,049,831 → Forty-eight million forty-nine thousand eight hundred

 Grade 7
TN
thirty-one

Write each of the numbers given below in words:page no. 4-5

(a) 3,00,600
(b) 5,04,085
(c) 27,30,000
(d) 70,53,138
Solution:
(a) 3,00,600 → Three lakh six hundred
(b) 5,04,085 → Five lakh four thousand eighty-five

(c) 27,30,000 → Twenty-seven lakh thirty thousand

(d) 70,53,138 → Seventy lakh fifty-three thousand one hundred thirty-eight

Write the corresponding number in the Indian place value system for each of the
following:
(a) One lakh twenty-three thousand four hundred fifty-six
(b) Four lakh seven thousand seven hundred four
(c) Fifty lakh five thousand fifty
(d) Ten lakh two hundred thirty-five
Solution:
(a) 1,23,456
(b) 4,07,704
(c) 50,05,050
(d) 10,00,235

Question 1.
The Thoughtful Thousands only has a + 1000 button. How many times should it be
pressed to show:
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 5 Q1
(a) Three thousand? 3 times
(b) 10,000? ___________
(c) Fifty-three thousand? ___________
(d) 90,000? ___________
(e) One Lakh? ___________
(f) ___________? 153 times
(g) How many thousands are required to make one lakh?
Solution:
(b) 10 times
(c) 53 times
(d) 90 times
(e) 100 times
(f) 1,53,000
(g) 100 thousands

Question 2.
The Tedious Tens only has a +10 button. How many times should it be pressed to
show:
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 5 Q2
(a) Five hundred?
(b) 780?
(c) 1000?
(d) 3700?
(e) 10,000?
(f) One lakh?
(g) __________? 435 times
Solution:
(a) 50 times
(b) 78 times
 Grade 7
(c) 100
TN times
(d) 370 times
(e) 1000 times
(f) 10,000 times
(g) 4350

Question 3.
The Handy Hundreds only has a +100 button. How many times should it be pressed to
show:
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 5 Q3
(a) Four hundred? __________ times
(b) 3,700? __________
(c) 10,000? __________
(d) Fifty-three thousand? __________
(e) 90,000? __________
(f) 97,600? __________
(g) 1,00,000? __________
(h) __________? 582 times
(i) How many hundreds are required to make ten thousand?
(j) How many hundreds are required to make one lakh?
(k) Handy Hundreds says, “There are some numbers which Tedious Tens and
Thoughtful Thousands can’t show but I can.” Is this statement true? Think and explore.
Solution:
(a) 4 times
(b) 37 times
(c) 100 times
(d) 530 times
(e) 900 times
(f) 976 times
(g) 1000 times
(h) 58200
(i) 100 hundreds
(j) 1,000 hundreds
(k) Do it yourself.

Question 4.
Creative Chitti is a different kind of calculator. It has the following buttons:
+1, +10, +100, +1000, +10000, +100000, and +1000000.
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 5 Q4
It always has multiple ways of doing things. “How so?”, you might ask. To get the
number 321, press +10 thirty-two times and +1 once. Will it get 321? Alternatively, it
can press +100 two times and +10 twelve times, and +1 once.
Solution:
Yes.

Question 5.
Two of the many different ways to get 5072 are shown below:
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 5 Q5
These two ways can be expressed as:
(a) (50 × 100) + (7 × 10) + (2 × 1) = 5072
(b) (3 × 1000) + (20 × 100) + (72 × 1) = 5072

Find a different way to get 5072 and write an expression for the same.
Solution:
5 × 1000 + 7 × 10 + 2 × 1

Figure it Out (Pages 6-7)

 Grade 7
For TNeach number given below, write expressions for at least two different ways to
obtain the number through button clicks. Think like Chitti and be creative.
(а) 8300
(b) 40629
(c) 56354
(d) 66666
(e) 367813
Solution:
(a) (i) (8 × 1000) + (3 × 100) = 8300
(ii) (83 × 100) = 8300

(b) (i) (4 × 10000) + (6 × 100) + (2 × 10) + (9 × 1) = 40629

(ii) (40 × 1000) + (6 × 100) + (29 × 1) = 40629

(c) (i) (5 × 10000) + (6 × 1000) + (3 × 100) + (54 × 1) = 56354

(ii) (56 × 1000) + (35 × 10) + (4 × 1) = 56354

(d) (i) (6 × 10000) + (6 × 1000) + (6 × 100) + (66 × 1) = 66666

(ii) (66 × 1000) + (66 × 10) + (6 × 1) = 66666

(e) (i) (3 × 100000) + (6 × 10000) + (7 × 1000) + (8 × 100)+ (13 × 1) = 367813

(ii) (36 × 10000) + (7813 × 1) = 367813

NCERT In-Text Questions (Page 7)

Creative Chitti has some questions for you-

(a) You have to make exactly 30 button presses. What is the largest 3-digit number
you can make? What is the smallest 3-digit number you can make?
(b) 997 can be made using 25 clicks. Can you make 997 with a different number of
clicks?
Solution:
(a) For the largest 3-digit number:
Press the +100 button 9 times: 9 × 100 = 900
Add 10 more presses using the +10 button: 10 × 10 = 100
Add the remaining 11 presses using the +1 button: 11 × 1 = 11
Sum: 900 + 100 + 11 = 1011, but that’s a 4-digit number.
Scale back by reducing the number of +10 presses to 8 and +1 presses to 13.
Largest 3-digit number: 993 (9 × 100 + 8 × 10 + 13 × 1)
For the smallest 3-digit number
Press the +10 button 8 times: 8 × 10 = 80
Add 22 more presses using the +1 button: 22 × 1 = 22
Smallest 3-digit number: 102 (8 × 10 + 22 × 1)

(b) 997 with 34 Clicks

9 × (+100) = 900
8 × (+10) = 80
17 × (+1) = 17

Create questions like these and challenge your classmates.

Solution:
Do it yourself.

Systematic Sippy is a different kind of calculator. It has the following buttons:

+1, +10, +100, +1000, +10000, +100000.
It wants to be used as minimally as possible.

How can we get the numbers

a) 5072, (b) 8300 using as few button clicks as possible?
Find out which buttons should be clicked and how many times to get the desired
 Grade 7
numbers
TN given in the table. T
he aim is to click as few buttons as possible.
Here is one way to get the number 5072. This method uses 23 button clicks in total.
Is there another way to get 5072 using fewer than 23 button clicks?
Write the expression for the same.
Solution:
(a) 5 × (+1000) = 5000 (5 clicks)
7 × (+10) = 70 (7 clicks)
2 × (+1) = 2 (2 clicks)
Total clicks: 5 + 7 + 2 = 14 clicks
Expression: 5 × 1000 + 7 × 10 + 2 × 1 = 5072

(b)
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 7
Q2.1
For 8300: 8 × (+1000) = 8000
For: 3 × (+100) = 300
Total = 8000 + 300 = 8300

Figure it Out (Page 7)

Question 1.
For the numbers in the previous exercise, find out how to get each number by making
the smallest number of button clicks, and write the expression.
Solution:
(a) 8300
8 × (+1000) = 8000 (8 clicks)
3 × (+100) = 300 (3 clicks)
Total clicks: 8 + 3 = 11
Expression: (8 × 1000) + (3 × 100) = 8300

(b) 40629
4 × (+10000) = 40000 (4 clicks)
6 × (+100) = 600 (6 clicks)
2 × (+10) = 20 (2 clicks)
9 × (+1) = 9 (9 clicks)
Total clicks: 4 + 6 + 2 + 9 = 21
Expression: (4 × 10000) + (6 × 100) + (2 × 10) + (9 × 1) = 40629

(c) 56354
5 × (+10000) = 50000 (5 clicks)
6 × (+1000) = 6000 (6 clicks)
3 × (+100) = 300 (3 clicks)
5 × (+10) = 50 (5 clicks)
4 × (+1) = 4 (4 clicks)
Total clicks: 5 + 6 + 3 + 5 + 4 = 23
Expression: (5 × 10000) + (6 × 1000) + (3 × 100) + (5 × 10) + (4 × 1) = 56354

Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1

(d) 66666
6 × (+10000) = 60000 (6 clicks)
6 × (+1000) = 6000 (6 clicks)
6 × (+100) = 600 (6 clicks)
6 × (+10) = 60 (6 clicks)
6 × (+1) = 6 (6 clicks)
Total clicks: 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 30
Expression: (6 × 10000) + (6 × 1000) + (6 × 100) + (6 × 10) + (6 × 1) = 66666

(e) 367813
 Grade 7
3 × TN
(+100000) = 300000 (3 clicks)
6 × (+10000) = 60000 (6 clicks)
7 × (+1000) = 7000 (7 clicks)
8 × (+100) = 800 (8 clicks)
1 × (+10)= 10(1 click)
3 × (+1) = 3 (3 dicks)
Total clicks: 3 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 1 + 3 = 28
Expression: (3 × 100000) + (6 × 10000) + (7 × 1000) + (8 × 100) + (1 × 10) + (3 × 1) =
367813

Question 2.
Do you see any connection between each number and the corresponding smallest
number of button clicks?
Solution:
The smallest number of button clicks depends on the place value of the digit in the
number. If the digit in a particular place is small, then less number of clicks are
required and if it is big, then more number of clicks are required.

Question 3.
If you notice, the expressions for the least button clicks also give the Indian place
value notation of the numbers. Think about why this is so.
Solution:
Do it yourself.

1.3 Of Crores and Crores!

(Pages 8-9)

How many zeros does a thousand lakh have?

Solution:
1,000 lakh = 10,00,00,000 (8 zeros)

How many zeros does a hundred thousand have?

Solution:
100 thousand = 1,00,000 (5 zeros)

Figure it Out (Page 9)

Question 1.
Read the following numbers in Indian place value notation and write their number
names in both the Indian and American systems:
(a) 4050678
(b) 48121620
(c) 20022002
(d) 246813579
(e) 345000543
(f) 1020304050
Solution:
(a) Indian System
40.50.678 → 40 lakh 50 thousand and 678
Forty lakh fifty thousand six hundred seventy-eight

American System
4.050.678 → 4 million 50 thousand and 678
Four million fifty thousand six hundred seventy-eight

(b) Indian System

4.81.21.620 → 4 crore 81 lakh 21 thousand and 620
Four crore eighty-one lakh twenty-one thousand six hundred twenty
 Grade 7
American
TN System
48,121,620 → 48 million 121 thousand and 620
Forty-eight million one hundred twenty-one thousand six hundred twenty

(c) Indian System

2,0, 22,002 → 2 crore 22 thousand 2
Two crore twenty-two thousand two

American System:
20,022,002 → 20 million 22 thousand 2
Twenty million twenty-two thousand two

(d) Indian System

24,68,13,579 → 24 crore 68 lakh 13 thousand 579
Twenty-four crore sixty-eight lakh thirteen thousand five hundred seventy-nine

American System
246.813.579 → 246 million 813 thousand 579
Two hundred forty-six million eight hundred thirteen thousand five hundred seventy-
nine

(e) Indian System:

34,50,00,543 → 34 crore 50 lakh 543
Thirty-four crore fifty lakh five hundred forty-three

American System:
345,000,543 → 345 million 543
Three hundred forty-five million five hundred forty-three

(f) Indian System:

1,020,304,050 → 1 arab 2 crore 3 lakh 4 thousand 50
One arab two crore three lakh four thousand fifty

American System:
1,020,304,050 → 1 billion 20 million 304 thousand 50
One billion twenty million three hundred four thousand fifty

Question 2.
Write the following numbers in Indian place value notation:
(a) One crore one lakh one thousand ten
(b) One billion one million one thousand one
(c) Ten crore twenty lakh thirty thousand forty
(d) Nine billion eighty million seven hundred thousand six hundred
Solution:
(a) 1,01,01,010
(b) 1,001,001,001
(c) 10,20,30,040
(d) 9,080,700,600

Question 3.
Compare and write ‘>’, ‘<’ or ‘=’:
(a) 30 thousand __________ 3 lakh
(b) 500 lakh __________ 5 million
(c) 800 thousand __________ 8 million
(d) 640 crore __________ 60 billion
Solution:
(a) 30 thousand < 3 lakh
(b) 500 lakh > 5 million
(c) 800 thousand < 8 million
(d) 640 crore < 60 billion
 Grade 7
TN
1.4 Exact and Approximate Values

Nearest Neighbours

In-Text Questions (Pages 11-12)

Write the five nearest neighbours for these numbers:

(a) 3,87,69,957
(b) 29,05,32,481
Solution:
I have a number for which all five nearest neighbours are 5,00,00,000. What could the
number be? How many such numbers are there?
Solution:
4,99,99,999; Do it yourself.

Roxie and Estu are estimating the values of simple expressions.

Question 1.
4,63,128 + 4,19,682
Roxie: “The sum is nearly 8,00,000 and is more than 8,00,000.”
Estu: “The sum is nearly 9,00,000 and is less than 9,00,000.”
(a) Are these estimates correct? Whose estimate is closer to the sum?
(b) Will the sum be greater than 8,50,000 or less than 8,50,000? Why do you think so?
(c) Will the sum be greater than 8,83,128 or less than 8,83,128? Why do you think so?
(d) Exact value of 4,63,128 + 4,19,682 = __________
Solution:
(a) By adding 4,63,128 and 4,19,682, we get 8,82,810 and the estimated sum is
5,00,000 + 4,00,000 = 9,00,000
The exact sum is 8,82,810, which is closer to 9,00,000.
Thus, Estu’s estimate is correct and closer to the actual sum.

(b) The exact sum is 8,82,810, which is clearly greater than 8,50,000.
If we estimate the two numbers (4,63,128 and 4,19,682) to the nearest ten thousands,
we get 4,60,000 and 4,20,000.
By adding them, the results will be closer to 8,80,000, which is well above 8,50,000.

(c) The exact sum is 8,82,810, which is less than 8,83,128.

The sum falls short of 8,83,128 by only 318, making it closer to the actual sum.

(d) Exact value of 4,63,128 + 4,19,682 = 8,82,810

Question 2.
14,63,128 – 4,90,020
Roxie: “The difference is nearly 10,00,000 and is less than 10,00,000.”
Estu: “The difference is nearly 9,00,000 and is more than 9,00,000”.
(a) Are these estimates correct? Whose estimate is closer to the difference?
(b) Will the difference be greater than 9,50,000 or less than 9,50,000? Why do you
think so?
(c) Will the difference be greater than 9,63,128 or less than 9,63,128? Why do you
think so?
(d) Exact value of 14,63,128 – 4,90,020 = ___________
Solution:
(a) The difference is: 14,63,128 – 4,90,020 = 9,73,108
The estimated difference = 15,00,000 – 5,00,000 = 10,00,000
But the numbers are rounded off to the highest value.
So, the difference should be less than 10,00,000.
Thus, Roxie’s estimate is closer to the actual difference.
 Grade 7
(b) TN
The exact difference is 9,73,108, which is clearly greater than 9,50,000.
If we estimate the numbers 14,63,128 and 4,90,020 to the nearest ten thousands
place, we get 14,60,000 and 4,90,000 respectively.
By finding the difference, we get 9,70,000, which is more than 9,50,000.

(c) The exact difference is 9,73,108, which is greater than 9,63,128.

The difference exceeds 9,63,128 by 9,980, indicating it is far from the actual
difference.

(d) Exact value of 14,63,128 – 4,90,020 = 9,73,108

Populations of the Cities

In-Text Questions (Page 13)

From the information given in the table, answer the following questions by
approximation:
Question 1.
What is your general observation about this data? Share with the class.
Solution:
The data shows the population of Indian cities in the years 2001 and 2011.

Question 2.
What is an appropriate title for the above table?
Solution:
Population of 20 Indian Cities during the years 2001 and 2011.

Question 3.
How much was the population of Pune in 2011? Approximately, by how much has it
increased compared to 2001?
Solution:
Population of Pune in 2011 = 31,15,431 and in 2001 = 25,38,473
Approximate Increase in population: 31,00,000 – 25,00,000 = 6,00,000

Question 4.
Which city’s population increased the most between 2001 and 2011?
Solution:
Bengaluru experienced the largest population increase, with a growth of 41,24,644
people.

Question 5.
Are there cities whose population has almost doubled? Which are they?
Solution:
Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Surat, Vadodara, and Pimpri-Chinchwad nearly doubled their
population between 2001 and 2011.

Question 6.
By what number should we multiply Patna’s population to get a number/population
close to that of Mumbai?
Solution:
Mumbai’s population by Patna’s population in 2011 = 1,24,42,37316,84,222 ~ 7
Patna’s population needs to be multiplied by 7 to be close to Mumbai’s population.

1.5 Patterns in Products

A Multiplication Shortcut

In-Text Questions (Page 14)

Using the meaning of multiplication and division, can you explain why multiplying by 5
 Grade 7
is the
TN same as dividing by 2 and multiplying by 10?
Solution:
We know that 5 × 2 = 10 (multiplication fact) has two division facts: 10 ÷ 2 = 5 and 10
÷ 5 = 2.
So, according to the question, we can use 102 in place of 5. Either we 10
divide by 5 or by 102, we will get the same answer.

Figure it Out (Page 14)

Question 1.
Find quick ways to calculate these products:
(a) 2 × 1768 × 50
(b) 72 × 125 [Hint: 125 = 10008]
(c) 125 × 40 × 8 × 25
Solution:
(a) 2 × 1768 × 50 = 2×1768×1002 = 1768 × 100
(b) 72 × 125 = 72×10008 = 9 × 1000 = 9000
(c) 125 × 40 × 8 × 25 = 10008×40×8×1004 = 10,00,000

Question 2.
Calculate these products quickly.
(a) 25 × 12 = __________
(b) 25 × 240 = __________
(c) 250 × 120 = __________
(d) 2500 × 12 = __________
(e) __________ × __________ = 120000000
Solution:
(a) 25 × 12 = 25 × 4 × 3 = 100 × 3 = 300
(b) 25 × 240 = 25 × 4 × 60 = 100 × 60 = 6000
(c) 250 × 120 = 250 × 4 × 30 = 1000 × 30 = 30000
(d) 2500 × 12 = 2500 × 4 × 3 = 10000 × 3 = 30000
(e) 25000 × 4800 = 120000000

How Long is the Product?

In-Text Questions (Pages 14-15)

In each of the following boxes, the multiplications produce interesting patterns.

Evaluate them to find the pattern. Extend the multiplications based on the observed
pattern.

Solution:

Observe the number of digits in the two numbers being multiplied and their product in
each case. Is there any connection between the numbers being multiplied and the
number of digits in their product?
Solution:
Yes, when we multiply:

1-digit number with a 1-digit number, we get a 1-digit or 2-digit product

2-digit number with a 2-digit number, we get a 3-digit or 4-digit product
3-digit number with a 3-digit number, we get a 5-digit or 6-digit product
4-digit number with a 4-digit number, we get a 7-digit or 8-digit product
Roxie says that the product of two 2-digit numbers can only be a 3- or a 4-digit
number. Is she correct?
Solution:
Yes, Roxie is correct, as from the above pattern we have:
2-digit number × 2-digit number = 3-digit or 4-digit product.

Should we try all possible multiplications with 2-digit numbers to tell whether Roxie’s
 Grade 7
claim
TNis true? Or is there a better way to find out?
Solution:
There is no need to try all possible multiplications to verify Roxie’s claim.
A better way is given in the examples below.
10 × 10 = 100 (3-digit), 10 being the smallest 2-digit number
99 × 99 = 9801 (4-digit), 99 being the largest 2-digit number

Can multiplying a 3-digit number by another 3-digit number give a 4-digit number?
Solution:
No, as a 3-digit number × a 3-digit number will give a 5-digit or 6-digit product.

Can multiplying a 4-digit number by a 2-digit number give a 5-digit number?

Solution:
Yes, as a 4-digit number × 2-digit number will give a 5-digit or 6-digit product.
1000 × 10 = 10000 (5-digit), 1000 and 10 being the smallest 4- and 2-digit numbers,
respectively.
9999 × 99 = 989901 (6-digit), 9999 and 99 being the largest 4- and 2-digit numbers.

Observe the multiplication statements below. Do you notice any patterns? See if this
pattern extends to other numbers as well.
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 15
Q1
Solution:
Do it yourself.

1.6 Did You Ever Wonder…?

In-Text Questions (Page 19)

The RMS Titanic carried about 2500 passengers. Can the population of Mumbai fit into
5000 such ships?
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 19
Q1
Solution:
Total population of Mumbai = 1,24,00,000
Capacity of 5000 ships = 5000 × 2500 = 1,25,00,000
Yes, Mumbai’s population can fit easily into 5000 ships, as the capacity of the ship is
more than the total population of Mumbai.

Inspired by this strange question, Roxie wondered, “If I could travel 100 kilometers
every day, could I reach the Moon in 10 years?”
(The distance between the Earth and the Moon is 3,84,400 km.)

How far would she have travelled in a year?

Solution:
Distance travelled by Roxie in a year = 100 km/day × 365 days = 36500 km

How far would she have travelled in 10 years?

Solution:
Distance travelled by Roxie in 10 years = 100 km/day × 365 days × 10
= 36500 km × 10
= 365000 km

Is it not easier to perform these calculations in stages? You can use this method for all
large calculations.
Solution:
Yes, it is easier to perform these calculations in stages.

Find out if you can reach the Sun in a lifetime, if you travel 1000 kilometres every day.
(You had written down the distance between the Earth and the Sun in a previous
 Grade 7
exercise)
TN
Solution:
Distance between the Earth and the Sun = 2100 × 70,000 = 147000000 km
Distance travelled by you = 1000 km/day
Time required = 147000000 km ÷ 1000 km/day
= 147000 days
= 147000 days ÷ 365 days/year
~ 403 years
Not possible, as an average human being has a life expectancy of less than 100 years.

Make necessary reasonable assumptions and answer the questions below:

(a) If a single sheet of paper weighs 5 grams, could you lift one lakh sheets of paper
together at the same time?
(b) If 250 babies are bom every minute across the world, will a million babies be bom
in a day?
(c) Can you count 1 million coins in a day? Assume you can count 1 coin every second.
Solution:
(a) Weight of a single sheet = 5 grams.
Weight of 1 lakh sheets = 1,00,000 × 5 = 5,00,000 g = 500 kg, which is too heavy for
any person to lift at once, as it exceeds normal human lifting capacity.
Thus, we couldn’t lift 1 lakh sheets together.

(b) Number of babies born every minute = 250

Total babies born in a day = 250 × 1440 = 3,60,000 babies
[Number of minutes in a day = 1440 minutes]
Thus, a million babies (1,000,000) will not be bom in a single day, as the daily count is
3,60,000 babies.

(c) Time taken to count 1 coin = 1 second.

In a single day, we can count 86,400 coins.
[Total seconds in a day = 24 × 60 × 60 = 86,400 seconds]
Thus, we cannot count 1 million coins in a day at the rate of 1 coin per second, since it
would take approximately 1,000,000 ÷ 86,400 ~ 12 days to complete the task.

Figure it Out (Pages 19-21)

Question 1.
Using all digits from 0-9 exactly once (the first cannot be 0) to create a 10-digit
number, write the
(a) Largest multiple of 5
(b) Smallest even number
Solution:
(a) To form the largest multiple of 5, the last digit must be 0 or 5.
Starting with the biggest digits in decreasing order, the largest multiple of 5 is
9876543210 (10 digits).

(b) To form the smallest even number, the last digit must be even (0, 2, 4, 6, 8), and
the digits should be written in ascending order.
The even number is 1023456798 (10 digits).

Question 2.
The number 10,30,285 in words is Ten lakhs thirty thousand two hundred eight five,
which has 43 letters. Give a 7-digit number that has the maximum number of letters.
Solution:
77,77,777 (Seventy-seven lakhs seventy-seven thousand seven hundred seventy-
seven).
This has 61 letters, making it one of the longest 7-digit numbers.

Question 3.
Write a 9-digit number where exchanging any two digits results in a bigger number.
 Grade 7
How TNmany such numbers exist?
Solution:
To ensure swapping any two digits increases the value, the digits must increase from
left to right. So the arrangement would be: 123456789. There is only 1 number that
satisfies the given condition.

Question 4.
Strike out 10 digits from the number 12345123451234512345 so that the remaining
number is as large as possible.
Solution:
The given number is 12345123451234512345.
After removing the 10 smallest digits from the left, the number we get is 5534512345.

Question 5.
The words ‘zero’ and ‘one’ share letters ‘e’ and ‘o’. The words ‘one’ and ‘two’ share a
letter ‘o’, and the words ‘two’ and ‘three’ also share a letter 7’. How far do you have to
count to find two consecutive numbers that do not share an English letter in common?
Solution:
The problem involves finding two consecutive numbers whose English names share no
common letters.
Here, zero and one share “e” and “o”.
one (1) and two (2) share “o”.
two (2) and three (3) share “t”.
……………………………..
Nineteen and twenty share: ‘t’, ‘e’, ‘n’
…………….. and so on.
Therefore, there are no consecutive numbers that do not share a letter in common.

Question 6.
Suppose you write down all the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4,……., 9, 10, 11,….. The tenth digit
you write is ‘1’ and the eleventh digit is ‘0’, as part of the number 10.
(a) What would the 1000th digit be? At which number would it occur?
(b) What number would contain the millionth digit?
(c) When would you have written the digit ‘5’ for the 5000th time?
Solution:
Numbers 1-9 contribute 9 digits (1 digit each).
Numbers 10-99 contribute 90 × 2 = 180 digits (2 digits each).
Numbers 100-999 contribute 900 × 3 = 2700 digits (3 digits each).

(a) To find the 1000th digit:

Digits so far: 9 + 180 = 189.
So, the 1000th digit will lie in the 3-digit numbers range.
Remaining digits: 1000 – 189 = 811.
Number of 3-digit numbers to reach 811 digits:
811 ÷ 3 = 270, with 1 remaining number.
Thus, first we need to write the first 270 3-digit numbers starting from 100.
So, the 270th 3-digit number = 100 + 270 – 1 = 369.
The next number is 370.
Thus, the 1000th digit is the 1st digit of 370, which is 3.

(b) Using the same logic:

Numbers 1-9: 9 digits
Numbers 10-99: 180 digits
Numbers 100-999: 2700 digits
Numbers 1000-9999: 9000 × 4 = 36,000 digits
Numbers 10,000-99,999: 90,000 × 5 = 4,50,000 digits
Numbers 1,00,000-9,99,999: 9,00,000 × 6 = 54,00,000 digits

To reach the millionth digit:

 Grade 7
Upto
TN5-digit numbers: 9 + 180 + 2700 + 36,000 + 4,50,000 = 4,88,889
Remaining digits in the 6-digit range: 1,000,000 (or (10,00,000) – 4,88,889 = 5,11,111
The number of 6-digit numbers required: 5,11,111 ÷ 6 = 85,185, with 1 remaining
number.
So, the 85,185th 6-digit number is 85,185 + 1,00,000 – 1 = 1,85,184.
The millionth digit occurs in the number 185184 + 1 = 1,85,185.

(c) Single-digit numbers (1-9): 1 (only 5)

Two-digit numbers (10-99)

(15, 25, 35,…, 95), totaling 9 occurrences.

50, 51, 52, …, 59, totaling 10 occurrences.
Thus, 19 occurrences of the digit 5 in the range 10-99.
Total occurrences so far: 1 + 19 = 20

Three-digit numbers (100-999)

(i) Units position: Numbers like 105, 115, ….., 995 contribute 10 occurrences per 100
numbers. Across 900 numbers, there are 90 occurrences.

(ii) Tens position: Numbers like 150-159, 250-259, ……, 950-959 also contribute 10
occurrences per 100 numbers, and 90 occurrences in all.

(iii) Hundreds position: Numbers like 500-599 contribute 100 occurrences in this range.
Thus, 90 (units) + 90 (tens) + 100 (hundreds) = 280 occurrences
Total occurrences so far: 20 + 280 = 300

Four-digit numbers (1000-9999)

Now it gets more intense! Here, 5 appears in four positions (units, tens, hundreds,
thousands):
(i) Units position: Every 10 numbers, e.g., 1005, 1015, …, 9995 = 900 occurrences
total.

(ii) Tens position: 1050-1059, 1150-1159, …, 9950-9959. That’s 900 occurrences total.

(iii) Hundreds position: 1500-1599,2500-2599,…, 9500-9599 = 900 occurrences total.

(iv) Thousands position: 5000-5999 = 1000 occurrences

Adding these up: 900 (units) + 900 (tens) + 900 (hundreds) + 1000 (thousands) = 3700
occurrences
Total occurrences so far: 300 + 3700 = 4000
Numbers starting from 10000 onward
For the 5000th number, we require 5000 – 4000 = 1000 more numbers that lie in
10001-10999.

(v) Among 10000-10999, one digit 5 appears in 100 numbers (e.g., 10005, 10015,…..,
10995).
The digit 5 appears in 100 numbers (e.g., 10050-10059, …, 10950-10959).
The digit 5 appears in 100 numbers (e.g., 10500-10599).
Total 4000 + 300 = 4300
In 11000-11999
5 at unit place = 100
5 at tens place = 100
5 at a hundred place = 100
Total 4300 + 300 = 4600
In 12000-12999
4600 + 300 = 4900
In 13000- 13999
Unit = 100
Total = 5000
Final number = 13995
 Grade 7
TN
Question 7.
A calculator has only ‘+10,000’ and ‘+100’ buttons. Write an expression describing the
number of button clicks to be made for the following numbers:
(a) 20,800
(b) 92,100
(c) 1,20,500
(d) 65,30,000
(e) 70,25,700
Solution:
(a) 20,800 = 2 × 10,000 + 8 × 100
Number of clicks = 2 + 8 = 10 clicks

(b) 92,100 = 9 × 10,000 + 21 × 100

Number of clicks = 9 + 21 = 30 clicks

(c) 1,20,500 = 12 × 10,000 + 5 × 100

Number of clicks = 12 + 5 = 17 clicks

(d) 65,30,000 = 653 × 10,000 + 0 × 100

Number of clicks = 653 + 0 = 653 clicks

(e) 70,25,700 = 702 × 10,000 + 57 × 100

Number of clicks = 702 + 57 = 759 clicks

Question 8.
How many lakhs make a billion?
Solution:
1 lakh = 1,00,000
1 billion = 1,000,000,000
So, 1,000,000,000 ÷ 1,00,000 = 10,000.
Thus, 10,000 lakhs make a billion.

Question 9.
You are given two sets of number cards numbered from 1-9. Place a number card in
each box below to get the (a) largest possible sum, (b) smallest possible difference of
the two resulting numbers.
Large Numbers Around Us Class 7 Solutions Ganita Prakash Maths Chapter 1 Page 20
Q9
Solution:
(a) Largest possible sum = 9988776 + 65544 = 10054320
(b) Smallest possible difference = 1122334 – 99887 = 1022447

Question 10.
You are given some number cards: 4000, 13000, 300, 70000, 150000, 20, and 5. Using
the cards, get as close as you can to the numbers below using any operation you want.
Each card can be used only once to make a particular number.
(a) 1,10,000: Closest I could make is 4000 × (20 + 5) + 13000 = 1,13,000
(b) 2,00,000:
(c) 5,80,000:
(d) 12,45,000:
(e) 20,90,800:
Solution:
(a) 4000 × (20 + 5) + 13000
= 4000 × 25 + 13000
= 100000+ 13000
= 113000
This gives us 1,13,000, which is very close to 1,10,000.

(b) 1,50,000 + 70,000 – 4000 × 5 = 2,00,000

 Grade 7
TN
(c) 70,000 × 5 + 1,50,000 + 4,000 × 20 = 5,80,000

(d) 70,000 × 20 – 1,50,000 – 4,000 – 300 × 5 = 12,44,500

This gives us 12,44,500, which is very close to 12,45,000.

(e) 13,000 × 300 – 70,000(20 + 5) – 1,50,000 + 4,000 = 20,04,000

Question 11.
Find out how many coins should be stacked to match the height of the Statue of Unity.
Assume each coin is 1 mm thick.
Solution:
The approximate height of the Statue of Unity is 180 m (1,80,000 mm)
Thickness of one coin = 1 mm [Given]
To match the height, we need: 1,82,000 coins

Question 12.
Grey-headed albatrosses have a roughly 7-foot wingspan. They are known to
migrate across several oceans. Albatrosses can cover about 900-1000 km in a day. One
of the longest single trips recorded is about 12,000 km. How many days would such a
trip take to cross the Pacific Ocean approximately?
Solution:
Using 900 km/day:
12000900 km ~ 13 days
So, it would take about 13 days.

Using 1000 km/day:

120001000 km = 12 days
So, it would take about 12 days.
It would take approximately 12-13 days to complete the 12,ooo km trip.

Question 13.
A bar-tailed godwit holds the record for the longest recorded non-stop flight. It
travelled 13,560 km from Alaska to Australia without stopping. Its journey started on
13 October 2022 and continued for about 11 days. Find out the approximate distance it
covered every day. Find out the approximate distance it covered every hour.
Solution:
Total distance = 13,560 km and duration = 11 days
Distance covered every day = 13,560 ÷ 11 ~ 1,233 km/day.
Thus, the godwit covers approximately 1,233 km per day.
One day = 24 hours
Distance covered every hour = 1,233 ÷ 24 ~ 51 km/hour.
Thus, the godwit covers approximately 51 km per hour.

Question 14.
Bald eagles are known to fly as high as 4500 – 6000 m above the ground level.
Mount Everest is about 8850 m high. Aeroplanes can fly as high as 10,000 – 12,800 m.
How many times bigger are these heights compared to Somu’s building?
Solution:
Let’s compare these heights to Somu’s building:
Bald eagle: 4500 – 6000 m;
Mount Everest: 8850 m;
Aeroplanes: 10,000 – 12,800 m
Somu’s building is 44 m tall.
Ratios compared to Somu’s building:
Bald eagle: (4500 ÷ 44 ~ 100) to (6000 ÷ 44 ~ 150)
The bald eagle’s flying height is 100 – 150 times higher.
Mount Everest: 8850 ÷ 44 = 201
Mount Everest is 201 times bigger.
Aeroplanes: (10,000 ÷ 44 ~ 230) to (12,800 ÷ 44 ~ 290)
 Grade 7
AnTN
aeroplane’s flying height is 230 – 290 times higher.