BELVA ADVOCATES
SEPARATION OF
POWERS IN
UGANDA’S
CONSTITUTIONAL
FRAMEWORK
@BELVA_ADVOCATES 01
WHAT IS SEPARATION OF
POWERS?
Separation of powers is a system that divides
the authority of government into three distinct
branches: the Executive, Legislative, and
Judicial branches. This prevents any one
branch from having excessive control over
government functions. It ensures that power is
balanced and each branch can check the
others to promote accountability and protect
democracy.
@BELVA_ADVOCATES 02
THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
The Executive branch is responsible for
enforcing and implementing laws. In
Uganda, the President is the head of the
Executive and acts as both the head of
state and government. The President’s
responsibilities include overseeing the
execution of laws, formulating policies, and
ensuring government operations run
smoothly.
@BELVA_ADVOCATES 03
THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
The Legislative branch, made up of
Parliament, holds the power to create,
amend, and repeal laws. It represents the
will of the people and ensures the
government is held accountable. Uganda’s
Parliament is divided into the National
Assembly and the Upper House, both of
which debate bills, check the Executive, and
serve as the voice of the public.
@BELVA_ADVOCATES 04
THE JUDICIAL BRANCH
The Judiciary is the branch tasked with
interpreting the laws and ensuring justice is
applied fairly. In Uganda, the Judiciary is
independent, meaning it operates without
interference from the other branches. The
courts, led by the Supreme Court, play a
crucial role in resolving disputes and
upholding the rule of law, protecting
individual rights, and ensuring legal
accountability
@BELVA_ADVOCATES 05
HOW SEPARATION OF POWERS
WORKS IN PRACTICE
Each branch of government has its own
role, but they must collaborate to govern
effectively. For example, the Legislature
creates laws, the Executive enforces them,
and the Judiciary interprets them. This
system of checks and balances allows one
branch to limit the power of another if it
overreaches, maintaining a fair and
balanced government structure.
@BELVA_ADVOCATES 06
KEY TAKEAWAY
The separation of powers is critical to
safeguarding democracy and preventing
the abuse of power. By dividing
government functions among three
branches, Uganda’s Constitution ensures
that power remains balanced, promoting
fairness, accountability, and the rule of law.
@BELVA_ADVOCATES 07
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