ASSIGNMENT 1 – AUGUST 2025
Class: X SUBJECT: SCIENCE - CHEMISTRY
Topic: Acids, bases and salts
Multiple choice questions
1. When hydrogen chloride gas is prepared on a humid day, the gas is usually passed through
the guard tube containing calcium chloride. The role of calcium chloride taken in the guard
tube is to
(a) absorb the evolved gas (b) moisten the gas
(c) absorb moisture from the gas (d) absorb Cl– ions from the evolved gas
2. Which of the following statements is correct about an aqueous solution of an acid and of a
base?
(i) The higher the pH, the stronger the acid
(ii) The higher the pH, the weaker the acid
(in) The lower the pH, the stronger the base
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
3. Farmers neutralise the effect of Acidity on the soil by adding –
(a) Slaked lime (b) Gypsum (c) Caustic soda (d) Baking soda
4. Which of the following are present in a dilute Aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid?
(a) H3O + Cl– (b) H3O + OH– (c) Cl– + OH– (d) Unionised HCl
5. Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of a
(a) strong acid and strong base (b) weak acid and weak base
(c) strong acid and weak base (d) weak acid and strong base
The image shows the pH values of four solutions on a pH scale.
Which solutions are alkaline in nature?
(A) A and B (B) B and C (C) C and D (D) A and D
6. The apparatus given in the adjoining figure was set up to demonstrate electrical conductivity.
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
(i) The bulb will not glow because the electrolyte is not basic in nature.
(ii) The bulb will glow because NaOH is a strong base and furnishes ions for conduction.
(iii) The bulb will not glow because the circuit is incomplete.
(iv) The Bulb will not glow because it depends on the type of electrolytic solution.
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (ii) only (d) (iv) only
7. Which of the following is a neutral salt?
(a) NH4Cl (b) CH3COONH4 (c) CH3COONa (d) Na2CO3
8. Study the table and choose the correct option.
Salt Parent acid Parent base Nature of salt
Sodium chloride HCl NaOH Basic
Sodium carbonate H2CO3 NaOH Neutral
Sodium sulphate H2SO4 NaOH Acidic
Sodium acetate CH3COOH NaOH Basic
9. In terms of acidic strength, which one of the following is in the correct increasing order?
(a) Water < Acetic acid < Hydrochloric acid
(b) Water < Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid
(c) Acetic acid < Water < Hydrochloric acid
(d) Hydrochloric acid < Water < Acetic acid
10. What is formed when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide?
(a) Zinc hydroxide and sodium (b) Sodium zincate and hydrogen gas
(c) Sodium zinc-oxide and hydrogen gas (d) Sodium zincate and water
Assertion and reasoning type questions:
In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Choose
the correct answer out of the following:
a. Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.
b. Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is not a correct explanation for the assertion.
c. Assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d. Assertion is false, but reason is true.
1. Assertion: Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used as an ingredient in antacids.
Reason: NaHCO3 is a mild, non-corrosive basic salt.
2. Assertion: Carbonic acid is a weak acid
Reason: It ionised completely in aqueous solution.
3. Assertion: Copper sulphate is an acidic salt.
Reason: It is a salt of a weak base [Cu(OH)₂] and a strong acid (H₂SO4).
4. Assertion: The aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not show acidic character.
Reason: Aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not give H+ ions.
5. Assertion: A gas is produced when conc. H₂SO4 is added to NaCl in a test tube. The gas is passed
over dry blue litmus paper, it changed to red.
Reason: Blue colour of dry litmus paper does not change to red.
6. Assertion: It is advised while diluting an acid, one should add water to acid, not acid to water
keeping the solution continuously stirred.
Reason: The process of dissolving an acid into water is highly exothermic.
Answer the following:
1. A first aid manual suggest that the vinegar should be used to treat wasp stings and baking soda
for bee stings. What does this information tell you about the chemical nature of wasp stings
and bee stings?
2. (a) Three acidic solutions A, B and C have pH = 0, 3 and 5 respectively.
(i) Which solution has highest concentration of H+ ions?
(ii) Which solution has the lowest concentration of H+ ions?
(b) How concentrated sulphuric acid can be diluted? Describe the process.
3. A clear solution of slaked lime is made by dissolving Ca(OH)2 in an excess of water. This solution
is left exposed to the air. The solution slowly goes milky as a faint white precipitate is formed.
Explain why white precipitate will form with a balanced equation.
4. (a) Explain why the pH in a person’s mouth becomes lower after each meal.
(b) What damage could be caused while the pH is low?
(c) How could the person change his eating habits to lessen the chances of suffering from tooth
decay?
5. A compound P forms the enamel of teeth. It is the hardest substance of the body. It doesn’t
dissolve in water but gets corroded when the pH is lowered below 5.5.
(a) Identify the compound P.
(b) How does it undergo damage due to eating chocolate and sweets? What should we do to
prevent tooth decay?
6. (a) What is the action of red litmus on
a) dry ammonia gas, b) a solution of ammonia gas in water
(b) Ammonia is a base but does not contain a hydroxyl group. Justify
