MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY

4th Quarter
TABLE OF CONTENTS Media and Information

Lesson 1: Text Information and Media (pp. 2-3) Literacy

Lesson 2: Visual Information and Media (p. 4) 4th Quarter Key Points

Lesson 3: Audio Information and Media (p. 5) Text Information and Media
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information-literacy-mil-text-information-and-media-
Lesson 4: Motion Information and Media (pp. part-1
 Text information
6-7)  3 Forms of Text
 Text as Visuals
 Typeface (5 Forms of Typeface)
Subject Quarter Tasks (p. 7)  6 Design Principles and Elements

Visual Information and Media

Table of Contents Legend:  https://www.slideshare.net/eivyportuguez/visual-
information-and-media-179026230
- Green font glow (Complete)
 6 Visual Media
- Yellow font glow (Incomplete)  3 Purposes of Visual Media
 6 Visual Design Elements
- Red font glow (No Content)  8 Visual Design Principles
 7 Tips for Designing Visual Content
- Blue font glow (Additional Contents)
Audio Information and Media
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information-and-media
 Audio Media
 8 Types and Categories of Audio Information
 6 Ways to Store Audio Information
 4 Audio File Formats
 4 Characteristics of Sound
 3 Purposes of Sound
 3 Elements of Sound Design
 4 Principles of Sound Design
 Hearing and Listening (4 Stages)

Motion Information and Media

 Introduction to Motion Information and Media
 3 Major Video Format/Video Codec (3GP, MPG,
MP4)
 Video Resolution (5 Kinds of Resolutions)
 6 Types of Motion Information and Media
 6 Motion Picture in Television
 Formats of Motion Information and Media
 Sources of Motion Information
 6 Design Principles and Elements of Motion
Information and Media

Legal and Ethical in Media

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ethical-and-societal-issues-in-media-and-information

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 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
4th Quarter
Lesson 1: Text Information Typeface
 Also called Font, Font type, or Type.
and Media  Representation of style of text in digital format.
Text
 Simple and flexible format of presenting information or
Types of Typefaces
conveying ideas 1. Serif – Connotes formality and readability in large
o Hand-Written amount of texts. Usually used for body text of books,
newspapers, magazines, and research publication.
o Printed Also give classic or elegant look when used for title or
o On-Screen heading.
a. Examples: Times New Roman, Garamond,
Text Information Baskerville
 Information communicated through text
o Signs 2. San Serif – Brings clean or minimalist look to text.
Used for clear and direct meaning of text such as
o Books road signage, building directory, or nutrition facts in
o Smartphones food packages. Also give modern look and used
o Computers primarily in webpage design.
o Menus a. Examples: Arial, Helvetica, Tahoma,
Verdana, Calibri
Forms of Text
3. Slab Serif – Carries solid or heavy look to text. Used
 These are written for variety of purposes, using for large advertising sign on billboards.
different forms and standards of composition. a. Examples: Rockwell, Playbill, Blackoak
o Hypertext – Serves as link dynamic
electronic documents and enable users to 4. Script - Draws much attention to itself because of its
jump from one to another in nonlinear way. brush-like strokes. Used sparingly and not be used in
o Plaint Text or Unformatted Text – Has large body text. Usually used in wedding invitation
fixed size characters having essentially cards or other formal events.
same type of appearance a. Examples: Edwardian, Vladimir, Kunstler
o Formatted Text – Its appearance can be
changed using font parameter such as font 5. Decorative (Display) – Caters to wide variety of
type, font style, and font color, etc. emotions (Celebration, Fear, Horror, etc.) or themes
(Cowboys, Circus, Holidays, Summer, Kiddie, etc.)
a. Example: Chiller, Jokerman, Curlz MT)
Text as Visuals
 Representation or style of text in digital format.
 Usually comprises of alphabets, numbers, symbols, Design Principles and Elements
and other special characters.  Describes fundamental ideas about practice of visual
 When fonts are installed in computer, they usually design.
come in file formats:
Emphasis
Refers to importance or value given to part of text-based
content.

 In absence of images or drawings, text is easiest way

of communicating to audience.
 Use of various font types can express different
emotions or meaning.

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 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
4th Quarter
Appropriateness Organization
Shows hot fit or suitable text is used for specific Refers to conscious effort to organize different text
audience, purpose, or event. elements in page.

Proximity
Refers to distance of text elements from each other.
Repetition
Consistency of elements and this includes unity of entire
design.

Alignment
Refers to importance or value given to part of text-based
content.

Contrast
Creates visual interest and two elements are different
from each other.

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 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
4th Quarter
Lesson 2: Visual Information Visual Design Principles
 Alongside Elements, they describe fundamental ideas
and Media about practice of visual design.

Visual Media 1. Consistency - Consistency in margins, typeface, and

 Symbols, pictures, icons, and others that colors especially in whole documents or
communicate with one’s sense of sight. presentations.

2. Center of Interest - Area that first attracts attention in

1. Ideogram – Graphical symbols representing ideas.
composition. This area is more important when
a. Symbols, Logos, Signs
compared to other elements.
2. Statistical Visualization – Study and creation of data
3. Balance - Feeling of visual equality in shape, forms,
using visual representation.
etc. can be used in creating balance in composition.
a. Bar Graph, Pie Chart, Line Graph
4. Harmony - Brings together composition with similar
3. Picture – Widely used by people to express their units.
ideas, opinions, and sentiments.
a. Photography, Paintings, Drawings 5. Contrast - Offers some change in value creating
visual discord in composition.
4. Graphic Design – Combination of text and pictures to
communicate information. 6. Directional Movement - Visual flow through
a. Infographics, Posters, Advertisements composition. It can be suggestion of motion in design
as you move from one object to another.
5. Video – Combination of motion and picture; or
motion, picture, and audio. 7. Rhythm - Movement in which some elements recur
a. Movie, CCTV, Film regularly.

6. 3D Image – Three-dimensional visual medium 8. Perspective - Created through arrangement of

a. Sculpture, Architecture, Real Life Object objects in two-dimensional space to look like they
appear in real life.
Purpose of Visual Information
 Gain Attention Tips for Designing Visual Content
 Create Meaning 1. Color - Use no more than five colors in ingle layout.
 Facilitate Retention Should be used sparingly to highlight important
information.
Visual Design Elements
 Building blocks or basic units in construction of visual 2. Typography - All fonts should be legible and
appropriate for communication style. For more tips,
image.
find out how to choose the right typography for your
brand.
1. Lines - Path made by moving point: connected and
continuous. Measured in length, width, and weight. 3. Layout - Present content in a way that guides readers
Can be long short, thick, thin, dotted or solid. through in logical hierarchy. Aligning elements in
layout with each other will help maintain consistency.
2. Shapes - Area occupying space in composition and
can be defined by line, color, or texture. Two- 4. Space - Keep significant negative space. When too
dimensional (2D) which means are two ways they can much information is in layout, messaging becomes
be measured through its height and width. cluttered and incoherent.

3. Value – Degree of light and dark design. It is contrast 5. Illustrations - Should match tone and subject matter.
between black and white and all tones in between. Only include if it enhances content.

4. Texture - Surface feels or is perceived to feel. Added 6. Proportion - Eye can be deceiving; make sure items
to attract or repel interest to a visual element. Visual are appropriately sized in data visualizations so as not
texture is illusion of surfaces peaks and valleys, to skew data.
resulting in feeling of
smoothness or roughness in object. 7. Simplicity - Avoid unnecessary design, including 3D
charts, ornamental illustration, or extraneous
5. Color - Visual sensation resulting from reflection elements. Remember that minimal design can also be
wave lengths of light from differing sources. Add effective so long as you have a strong story.
interest and reality to artwork. With use of color wheel
it is easy to understand color theory more effectively.

6. Form - Figure having volume and thickness. Illusion

of three-dimensional (3D) object can be
implied with use of light and shading. Can be viewed
from many angles.

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 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
4th Quarter
Lesson 3: Audio Information Purpose of Sound
 Give instructions or information

and Media 

Provide feedback
To personalize or customize
Audio
- Sounds especially when recorded, transmitted, or Elements of Sound Design
reproduced. 1. Dialogue – Speeches, conversation, or voice-over.
 Sound Effects 2. Sound Effects – Any sound other than music or
 Music dialogue.
 Songs 3. Music - Vocal or instrumental sounds (or both)
 Newscast combined to produce beauty of form, harmony, and
 Sound Recording expression of emotion.
 Public Service Announcements
Principles of Sound Design
Audio Media
1. Mixing – Combination, balance, and control of
- Media communication using audio or recordings to deliver
multiple sound elements.
and transfer information through means of sound.
2. Stereo Imaging – Using left and right channel for
depth.
Types and Categories of Audio Information 3. Pace – Time control, editing, order, or events.
1. Radio Broadcast – Live or recorded audio sent
4. Transition – How you get from one segment of
through radio waves to reach wide audience.
element to another.
2. Music – Vocal or instrumental sounds combined to
produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of
emotion. Hearing and Listening
3. Sound Recording – Recording of interview, - Impact of audio information varies upon receiver.
meeting, or any sound from environment.
4. Sound Clips/Effects – Any sound artificially Hearing – Act of perceiving sound by ear and can be done
reproduced to create effect in dramatic presentation. involuntarily but does not involve comprehension of what you
5. Audio Podcast – Digital audio file or recording, hear.
usually part theme series downloaded from website to
media player. Listening – Requires concentration so your brain processes
6. Public Service Announcement – Messages meaning from words.
disseminated by radios without charge. Aims to raise
people’s awareness. 1. Hearing – Sound enters eardrums and travels to
7. Radio Drama – Similar to television soap opera, brain.
purely acoustic programs broadcast on radio. 2. Attending – Brain receives sound and chooses
8. Radio Commercial – Paid advertisements what to listen to.
intending to promote service or product. 3. Understanding – Making sense of listened sound.
4. Remembering – Sound is stored in one’s memory.
Ways to Store Audio Information
1. Tape – Magnetic tape which sound can be played or
recorded.
2. Compact Disc (CD) – Circular medium for
recording, storing, and playing audio and video.
3. Flash Drive – Stores audio with any computer that
has USB Port.
4. Memory Card – Small storage medium used to
store data such as text, images, audio, and video.
5. Hard Drive – Secondary device used for storing
audio file (External and Internal Drives).
6. Cloud Storage – Website used to store files
connected to internet.

Audio File Formats

1. MP3/MPEG Audio Layer 3 – Standard of digital
audio compression for transfer and playback of music
on most digital audio players.
2. M4A/AAC Advanced Audio Coding –
Successor of MP3, AAC generally achieves better
sound quality than MP3 at similar bit rate.
3. WAV Waveform Audio File – Standard format for
storing audio bitstream on PCs and became standard
format for game sounds among others.
4. WMA Windows Media Audio – Audio data
compression technology developed by Microsoft and
used with Windows Media Player.

Characteristics of Sound
1. Volume – Intensity of sound (Physical measurement
of sound being set).
2. Tone - Audible characteristic of sound.
3. Pitch – How high or low sound is.
4. Loudness – Magnitude of sound heard (How people
receive or perceive sound that they heard).

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 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
4th Quarter
Lesson 4: Motion Video Resolution
- “Clearness of the video”

Information and Media - Resolution is number of pixels (individual points of color)

contained on display monitor, expressed in terms of number of
Motion Information and Media pixels on horizontal and vertical axis.
- Form of media that has appearance of moving text and - The sharpness of image on display depends on resolution
graphics on display. and size of monitor.
- Purpose is to communicate information in multiple ways.
- Motion media in essence is visual media that gives Kinds of Resolution
appearance of movement. 1. 360p (480x360) - Well-suited to smartphones and
- Collection of graphics, footage, videos. It is combined with other mobile devices since they use up less data, but
audio, text, and/or interactive content to create multimedia. may appear bit blurry on larger screens.

2. 480p (640p x 480) - DVDs clock in, so if you’re

Video Format / Video Codec looking to burn a DVD, this resolution will give your
- Motion media use large resources. Codecs compresses and disc highest quality allowed by any DVD burner or
decompresses video files. disc. This plays well on most laptop and desktop
- 3GP, MPG, MP4 monitors, and smaller TVs.

3GP (Third Generation Partnership) 3. 720p (1280x720) - True High-definition, this is image
 Video container format developed with intention to resolution at which many HD television channels
save on disk space, bandwidth, and data usage, broadcast. Crisp, sharp, and looks great on
which is why often seen created from, and transferred most displays.
between, mobile devices.
 The main advantage is that it is small in size. This is 4. 1080p (1920x1080) – Another favorite for HD
beneficial especially for users who frequently save television stations. Recommend resolution for sharing
and watch video files on their smartphones. Due to its on social media or for showing videos on larger
small footprint, uploading or downloading video will screens and TVs, since gives audience highest
only take seconds to minutes depending on file size. possible quality display, with crystal clear playback.

MPG - Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) 5. 4K (3840X2160) - High-definition (HD) video that has
four times resolution of 1080p HD video.
 File extension for mpeg animation in the mpeg-1 or
a. There are two standard resolutions for 4k
mpeg-2 codec.
video:
 Mpeg-1 was designed for coding progressive video at
i. Digital cinema initiatives standard
bit rates of about 1.5 million bits per second.
for 4k resolution in film and video
Designed specifically for video-cd and cd-i media.
production industry is 4096 x 2160
Mpeg-1 audio layer-3 (mp3) has also evolved from
pixels.
early mpeg work.
ii. 4k resolution standard for television
 Mpeg-2 was designed for coding interlaced images at
and monitors is 3840 x 2160 pixels.
bit rates above 4 million bits per second. Used for
digital TV broadcast and DVD. It can handle mpeg-1
data as well. Types of Motion Information and Media
Film
MP4 – MPEG 4 - Also called a movie picture, series of still or moving images.
 Created by MPEG as multimedia container format - Consists of moving pictures that have been recorded so that
designed to store audiovisual data. they can be shown at the cinema or on television.
 Largely replacing earlier multimedia file formats, and - Tells a story or shows a real situation.
creating some changes hat vendors sell audiovisual
files to public. Documentary Film
 Also commonly known as mpeg-4 part 14 or mpeg-4 - Nonfictional motion picture intended to document some
AVC (Advanced Video Coding), a multimedia file aspect of reality, primarily for purposes of instruction,
format used to digitally store audio and video files. education, or maintaining a historical record.
 Also used for video streaming over the internet. A
container which holds audio and video files digitally Short Film
encoded. - Not long enough to be considered feature film.
 Has only one official file extension, i.e., .mp4. There - No consensus exists as to where that boundary is drawn, the
are two unofficial file extensions, namely .m4a, which academy of motion picture arts and sciences defines a short
is audio only, and .m4p, which stands for protected film as “An original motion picture that has a running time of 40
mp4 file format. minutes or less, including all credits”.

Pixel
Animation
- A word invented from “pix (picture) + element“
- Scene from animated film. Is process of designing, drawing,
- Basic unit of programmable color on a computer display or in
making layouts and preparation of photographic sequences
computer image.
which are integrated in multimedia and gaming products.
- The physical size of pixel depends on how set resolution for
- Involves exploitation and management of still images to
display screen.
generate illusion of movement.

Interactive Video
- Technique used to blend interaction and linear film or video.
- Also known as "IV" is type of digital video that supports user
interaction.
- Play like regular video files, but include clickable areas, or
"hotspots," that perform an action when you click on them.

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 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
4th Quarter
Motion Picture in Television
- Television is telecommunication medium for transmitting Media and Information
and receiving moving images that can be monochrome (black
and white) or colored, with or without accompanying sounds.
1. Commercial Advertisement on TV - Span of Literacy
television programming produced and paid for by
organization. It conveys message, aimed to market
product or service. 4th Quarter Activities
2. Philippine Melodrama - Philippine television drama,
also known as teleserye, Filipino telenovelas or
Pdrama is form of melodramatic serialized fiction in Written Tasks
television in Philippines.
 Quiz#1: Text Information and Media (15pts)
3. Reality Show - Show how ordinary people behave in
everyday life, or in situations, often created by  Quiz#2: Visual Information and Media (pts)
program makers, intended to represent everyday life.
 Quiz#3: (pts)
4. Game Show - People compete to win prizes.
 Quiz#4: (pts)
5. Talk Show - Various topics are discussed informally
and listeners, viewers, or studio audience are invited  Quiz#5: (pts)
to participate in discussion.

6. Television News - Broadcast of news.

Performance Tasks
 PT#1: Product Proposal (25pts)
Formats of Motion Information and Media
Video - Electronic medium for recording, copying, and
broadcasting of moving visual images.
 PT#2: PowerPoint Presentation (25pts)
Video Footage - In filmmaking and video production, footage
is raw, unedited material as it had been originally filmed by  PT#3: Product Brochure (25pts)
movie camera or recorded by video camera usually must be
edited to create motion picture, video clip, television show or  PT#4: Radio Commercial (25pts)
similar completed work.
Creative Output
Sources of Motion Information  Promotional Video

Design Principles and Elements of Motion

Information and Media
Speed - Fast movement gives vigor and vitality, intensifying
emotions. Slow movement connotes lethargy, solemnity, or
sadness.

Direction - Indicates movement from one direction to another.

Also refers to growing or shrinking of object.

Timing - Objective or subjective. Objective timing can be

measured in minutes, seconds, days, etc. Subjective timing is
psychological or felt. Timing can be used to clarify or intensify
message or the event. Using pause can help time events.

Transition - Switch between scenes.

Sound and Color - Add meaning to motion.

Blurring – In animation, blurring can provide illusion of fast

movement. In videos, it is often used to censor information for
security or decency.