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Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets,
and Legislative Donnybrooks
Number Thirty-­seven
Jack and Doris Smothers Series
in Texas History, Life, and Culture
Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets,
and Legislative Donnybrooks

Redistricting in Texas

Edited by Gary A. Keith

University of Texas Press Austin

Publication of this work was made possible in
part by support from the J. E. Smothers, Sr.,
Memorial Foundation and the National
Endowment for the Humanities.

Copyright © 2013 by the University of Texas Press

All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
First edition, 2013

Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work

should be sent to:
Permissions
University of Texas Press
P.O. Box 7819
Austin, TX 78713-­7819
http://utpress.utexas.edu/about/book-­permissions

♾ The paper used in this book meets the minimum requirements

of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-­1992 (R1997) (Permanence of Paper).

Library of Congress Cataloging-­in-­Publication Data

Rotten boroughs, political thickets, and legislative donnybrooks :
redistricting in Texas / edited by Gary A. Keith. — First edition.
pages cm. — (Jack and Doris Smothers series in Texas history,
life, and culture ; number thirty-seven)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-292-74540-7 (cl. : alk. paper)
1. Apportionment (Election law)—Texas. 2. Election districts—Texas.
3. Demography—Political aspects—Texas. 4. Texas—Politics and
government. I. Keith, Gary.
JK4868.R67 2013
328.764′07345—dc232013001171

doi:10.7560/745407
This book is dedicated to the memory of Thomas Paine, who
wrote that “The true and only true basis of representative
government is equality of rights. Every man has a right to
one vote, and no more, in the choice of representatives.”
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Contents

Preface ix

Acknowledgments xi

Acronyms xiii

Prologue: Scope and Methods xv

Introduction. The Prequel: Unequal Representation 1

Gary A. Keith
1. Entering the Thicket: 1965 11
Gary A. Keith
2. Legislating in the Thicket 25
Craig A. Washington
3. Litigating Texas Redistricting:
A Democratic Lawyer’s Experience 41
David R. Richards
4. Texas Redistricting: A Republican Lawyer’s Perspective 61
J. D. Pauerstein
5. The Voting Rights Organizers 77
José Garza
viii Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets, and Legislative Donnybrooks

6. Analyzing Redistricting Outcomes 95

Seth C. McKee and Mark J. McKenzie
Conclusion. Redistricting Redux: 2011 and Beyond 147
Gary A. Keith
Epilogue: Navigating the Brambles
of the Political Thicket 153
Gary A. Keith

Notes 161

Sources 181

About the Contributors 191

Index 195
Preface

Legislative redistricting brawls are the quintessential American

game of politics. But more than a game, redistricting creates pro-
found and long-­lasting effects by shifting the fortunes of political
parties, individual politicians, and racial, ethnic, and community
representation, thus potentially redirecting policy outcomes.
In this volume, we seven political scientists and lawyers seek to
shine a spotlight on the world of Texas congressional, state legis-
lative, and local redistricting. Those redistricting outcomes have
not just affected Texas politics; national leaders have emerged
from and engaged in Texas redistricting battles. The 2003 Texas
redistricting shenanigans entertained the nation as Democratic
legislators fled, first to Oklahoma, then to New Mexico, in un-
successful attempts to thwart redistricting plans that hurt them.
In 2011, for the first time since the 1870s, Republicans controlled
the Texas House, Texas Senate, and governorship during a regu-
lar redistricting session and consolidated their status, much as
partisan majorities state after state, decade after decade, have
done. In this volume, we seek to provide historical, institutional,
legal, legislative, realpolitik, and sociological insight into the his-
tory of redistricting in Texas.
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Acknowledgments

I wish to thank those who graced the halls of the Texas capitol
during those years that I worked at the legislature and learned
legislative politics, especially Tom Whatley and my former col-
leagues at the House Study Group, House Research Organiza-
tion, and Legislative Study Group. I would also like to thank
Travis County Commissioner Sarah Eckhardt and my former
Texas Department of Agriculture colleague Pete McRae, who
spurred me to take up the topic of Texas redistricting. I thank the
community at the University of the Incarnate Word for the sup-
port I have gotten there these past five years. Finally, I thank my
fellow contributors to this volume—José Garza, Seth C. McKee,
Mark J. McKenzie, J. D. Pauerstein, David R. Richards, and
Craig A. Washington—for volunteering their skills, knowledge,
and insights on Texas redistricting.
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Acronyms

AVAP Anglo Voting Age Population

BVAP Black Voting Age Population
DOJ U.S. Department of Justice
GIS Geographic Information Systems
GOP Grand Old Party [Republican Party]
HVAP Hispanic Voting Age Population
ISD Independent School District
LRB Legislative Redistricting Board
LULAC League of United Latin American Citizens
MALDEF Mexican American Legal Defense and
Educational Fund
NAACP National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People
OVAP Others Voting Age Population
SVREP Southwest Voter Registration Education Project
TAB Texas Association of Business
TLC Texas Legislative Council
TRLA Texas Rural Legal Aid/Texas RioGrande
Legal Aid
TRMPAC Texans for a Republican Majority
TSU Texas Southern University
VAP Voting Age Population
VRA U.S. Voting Rights Act
VTD Voting Tabulation District
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Prologue: Scope and Methods

This work is a tapestry. Redistricting analyses typically adopt a

specific methodological approach, or topical focus, or address a
particular time period or institution. We do not quarrel with any
of those approaches—indeed, several of us use such approaches in
our own work. In this volume, though, we seek to weave together
an understanding of Texas redistricting through the voices and
analyses of political scientists, lawyers, and practitioners. We be-
lieve that by presenting viewpoints and approaches from these
differing vantage points, readers will gain a clearer, richer, and
more complete understanding of redistricting realities than is
possible through just one approach.
Political scientists seek to assemble redistricting data, test hy-
potheses, and fashion theories to build an understanding of re-
districting; lawyers seek to use precedent to defend a policy in
court, or, using unique fact situations from a redistricting out-
come, break new legal ground with innovative legal theories;
practitioners seek to protect an existing power bloc or to increase
representation from groups that they perceive to be underrepre-
sented in the legislative process.
This volume is unique in that we ask lawyers, social scien-
tists, legislators, and general readers to explore one another’s ap-
proaches and seek commonalities. Social scientists who look for
data-­rich analysis and hypothesis testing will find that in Chap-
ter 6; lawyer-­litigators who follow case history and doctrine de-
xvi Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets, and Legislative Donnybrooks

velopment will find them in several chapters; citizens and general

readers will see good examples of these varying approaches and,
we hope, learn the value of each. Every chapter is different, then,
by design. We approach fifty years of Texas redistricting from
all these perspectives, with the intent that, by the end, the ex-
plorations, data analyses, histories, and observations will build a
realpolitik understanding of redistricting, revealing who benefits
from it and why.
In the introduction, “The Prequel—Unequal Representa-
tion,” Gary A. Keith provides a brief review of recent literature
on redistricting, succinctly describes the twentieth-­century his-
tory of Texas redistricting, and lays out the critical U.S. Supreme
Court cases that altered the redistricting landscape. That history
begins with the Texas legislature shirking its duty to redistrict
in order to protect the governing rural (and white) bloc. Even
when the legislature began redistricting again mid-­century, it
produced state legislative and congressional districts with signifi-
cant population variances—with rural areas overrepresented and
urban (and minority) areas underrepresented. The U.S. Supreme
Court decisions of the early 1960s changed the power dynamics
by declaring that redistricting outcomes were justiciable issues, as
they involved compliance first with the Equal Protection Clause
of the Constitution, then with the Voting Rights Act (VRA).
The Texas legislature was compelled not only to redistrict, but to
meet standards the judiciary determined were essential to achieve
equal representation.
In Chapter 1, “Entering the Thicket: 1965,” Keith revisits
Texas’s 1965 redistricting, the first done after Baker v. Carr and
other court decisions forced Texas to embed political equality in
its decennial carvings. That 1965 battle was triangulated between
the dominant conservative Democratic faction, the weaker lib-
eral/labor/minority Democratic faction, and the emerging Re-
publican Party. The redistricting both foreshadowed and shaped
modern Texas politics, including a shift to urban dominance,
racial/ethnic politics, partisan battles, and ideological conflicts.
In Chapter 2, “Legislating in the Thicket,” Craig A. Washing-
ton introduces us to legislative and congressional politics—the
 Prologue: Scope and Methods xvii

kitchens of redistricting. In the kitchen of the Texas legislature,

Speaker politics, policy battles, Anglo-­Black-­Hispanic dynam-
ics, party politics, and high office ambitions are all aswirl every
session—and redistricting is just another seasoning added as the
sausage ingredients are ground and mixed once a decade. Wash-
ington’s choice to throw in with the winning Speaker candidate
in 1975 led to his inside seat with the leadership team during the
1981 redistricting. His leadership on behalf of the Black Caucus,
the Houston legislators, the Speaker’s interests, and Democrats
in general shows the complexity of the internal politics affecting
redistricting. Then, in the 1991 session, Washington was a con-
gressman, returning to the state legislature at the behest of the
Texas Democratic delegation in Washington, D.C., to lobby for
the seats of Democratic incumbents. Craig Washington is also an
attorney, and he describes his experiences combining litigation
strategizing along with his legislator roles.
In Chapter 3, “Litigating Texas Redistricting: A Democratic
Lawyer’s Experience,” David R. Richards explains the time line of
Texas redistricting litigation from the 1970s to the early twenty-­
first century. Richards was an attorney for plaintiffs in many of
those cases. In the 1980s, he represented the Texas attorney gen-
eral, defending the state’s redistricting plans. Richards describes
the legal strategies and courtroom dramatics that he and other
litigators engaged in, portraying the back-­and-­forth litigation,
in state and federal courts, as a continuous chess match. Lawyers
represent their clients; Richards often sued the State of Texas
on behalf of his clients (Democratic and minority legislators,
candidates, and constituents); yet when he went inside with the
new attorney general, he switched sides and defended the State.
Lawyers have considerable leeway, though, in steering litigation
for policy objectives, and Richards’s ends were often the same
whether he was inside or outside.
In Chapter 4, “Texas Redistricting: A Republican Lawyer’s
Perspective,” J. D. Pauerstein begins with the battles that Re-
publicans fought against the majority Democrats in the 1980s
legislatures, then plunges into the fiercely contested battles of
the 1990s, when Republicans became ascendant. If redistricting
xviii Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets, and Legislative Donnybrooks

is a game of the powerful protecting their power, then in the con-

text of the century-­long dominance of Texas politics by Demo-
crats, the Republicans were constantly fighting an uphill battle
for representation in the legislature. When they lost there (as
they usually did), the courtroom became the next battleground.
As Republican statewide candidates began winning (especially
the governorship), Republican litigators had a power chip they
lacked in earlier battles. The combination of inroads to political
power in the state, coupled with national political developments,
allowed Pauerstein and others in the Republican legal team to
joust with Richards and the Democrats’ legal team and win vic-
tories that they had not won before.
Redistricting is not solely a state-­ level matter. In Chap-
ter 5, “The Voting Rights Organizers,” José Garza describes local
grassroots efforts in Texas that reached up to the courts and ex-
panded voting rights. Local governments, too, must redistrict—
and because there are so many local governments, much of the
redistricting skirmishes happen locally, even if they do not get
the popular attention that state legislative and congressional re-
districting get. The concepts that were established in the legisla-
tive and congressional litigation cases cascaded down into local
government voting equality cases in Texas as well. Garza and
other lawyers from advocacy groups were swamped with pleas
from local communities to help. Garza describes the application
of the court precedents to local governance, the resistance from
local governments, and the criticality of organizing and persis-
tence from local residents, coupled with skilled legal counsel.
In Chapter 6, “Analyzing Redistricting Outcomes,” Seth C.
McKee and Mark J. McKenzie use descriptive and multivariate
analyses to examine the partisan and incumbent protection dy-
namics in Texas redistricting in the 1990s and to show how redis-
tricting affected the parties and incumbents from 2002 to 2010.
McKee and McKenzie examine the levels of support constitu-
ents grant each party and its respective incumbents before and
after redistricting, versus how much support constituents grant
a different incumbent following redistricting. They put the re-
cent and current redistricting dynamics into the broader picture
 Prologue: Scope and Methods xix

of long-­term class-­and-­race political economy structure and

power battles in Texas. With modern, sophisticated computer-
ization of voting data, legislators are able to use redistricting to
pick their constituents, rather than the other way around. McKee
and McKenzie describe how legislators use redistricting to dis-
rupt (or maintain) the electoral relationship between incumbents
and their longtime constituents.
Finally, in the conclusion, “Redistricting Redux: 2011 and
Beyond,” and the epilogue, Keith broadly outlines the ongoing
efforts to redistrict Texas lines after the 2010 census. The dynam-
ics described and explained in the first six chapters are revisited,
demonstrating their continuity. Lessons learned from Chapters 1
through 6 provide a ten-­point rubric for analysts, citizens, legis-
lators, and lawyers to use in coming to a more focused under-
standing of this decade’s Texas redistricting.
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets,
and Legislative Donnybrooks
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Introduction

The Prequel: Unequal Representation

Gary A. Keith

When the 2010 census numbers became available, Texas and

the other 49 states plunged into the 2011 legislative and con-
gressional redistricting season, then immediately segued into
defending their legislative work in numerous court challenges.
These current dynamics did not begin tabula rasa, but rather
grew out of a century of political, legal, and constitutional skir-
mishes that built the framework for modern redistricting. We can
better understand the politics and outcomes of these contem-
porary battles through examining the legal and political history
of earlier Texas battles, including their critical players, litigation
strategies and outcomes, and political power resources.
The twentieth century began with Texas and other states
simply (illegally) refusing to redraw state legislative and con-
gressional district lines. The fundamental reason was that resist-
ing redistricting provided more benefits to those wielding power
than complying with constitutional and legal commands to act.
Judicial action mid-­century reversed the incentive/disincentive
equation; the Texas legislature reluctantly, begrudgingly re-
sumed its redistricting role in the 1950s and 1960s. Then, by the
late twentieth century, politics became more nationalized, party
discipline (through campaign finance rewards) grew stronger,
party unity rose, judicial mandates became murkier, and the need
for and benefits of redistricting were more immediate. Thus, the
2011 redistricting occurred against the historical backdrop of
2 Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets, and Legislative Donnybrooks

the 1965 effort, the subsequent court-­scrutinized puzzle making,

congressional passage and application of the Voting Rights Act,
and the currents of modern power struggles.
Political scientists intensely scrutinize redistricting dynamics
and outcomes, and the scrutiny heightens with the turning of the
decennial clock. Since the 2001 round of redistricting, Nathaniel
Persily has reviewed the debates over rules versus standards,
group rights versus individual rights, activism versus restraint,
and the consequences of the judicial revolution, including in-
creased urban representation. He concludes that there do not
appear to be systemic partisan effects to the redistrictings.1 Win-
burn has described the 2001 redistricting train wreck in Texas,
arguing that the “partisan commission” that is the Texas Legis-
lative Redistricting Board had long pursued the primary goal of
incumbent (conservative Democrat) protection, then switched
to the goal of partisan (Republican) advance. He notes that “par-
tisan commissions represent the wild card of the theoretical ty-
pologies of redistricting control. By design, partisan commis-
sions take away the direct power of redistricting away [sic] from
the legislature, but keep the partisanship.”2
In preparation for the 2011 round of redistricting, the Na-
tional Conference of State Legislatures reviewed the legal and
political landscape, including the 2006 Texas case LULAC v.
Perry, in which the Court rejected the argument that the parti-
san gerrymander in the existing plan was cause for judicial con-
cern.3 Hebert et al. have also noted the partisan gerrymander
issue, but then concentrated on Voting Rights Act issues as the
central focus of 2011 redistricting.4 Perales, Figueroa, and Rivas
have produced a thorough review of voting discrimination poli-
cies in Texas, including state and local redistricting issues, with
a focus on Voting Rights Act litigation.5 Finally, in a series of
articles, Seth C. McKee (contributor to this volume) and vari-
ous coauthors have framed recent Texas redistricting dynamics
within the context of the rise of southern Republicans and have
examined the question of the dropoff of voter participation when
redistricting results in nonincumbents being on the ballot.6
The six chapters in this volume view Texas redistricting dy-
 Introduction: The Prequel 3

namics from six different perspectives. The era under examina-

tion begins with modern redistricting in 1965 and culminates
with current dynamics. Before the contributors explore that
period, let us briefly examine how we reached the current state of
affairs with Texas redistricting.

There’s Something Rotten in Texas

Like England of old, for many decades Texas—and other

states7—cultivated “rotten boroughs”: legislative districts that
were grossly unequal in population and thus produced misrepre-
sentation in the halls of government. Some legislators—and thus
some citizens—were quite literally more equal than others, from
the late nineteenth century to well past the mid-­t wentieth cen-
tury. The reasons for this unequal representation include demo-
graphic changes, economic conditions, and (of course) exercises
of raw political power. As farmers were driven off their land due
to depressed economic conditions and the concentration of land
ownership, they moved to cities, leaving fewer and fewer people
in the countryside. Thus, when the constitutionally mandated
decennial U.S. Census triggered redistricting for the Texas state
legislature and Congress, the dominant rural legislators found
that they no longer had the population base from which to sus-
tain their power. Chumlea and Claunch have each explored how
the legislature refused to redistrict when it was required to in the
regular sessions of 1901, 1911, and 1921, reluctantly doing so in
special sessions only with pressure from the governors.8
A convenient tool for incumbent (and rural) protection was
simply to add more seats to the Texas House of Representatives,
which legislators did each decade. In 1921, though, the House
size reached its constitutional cap at 150 seats. So, in 1931, rather
than draw districts reflecting the population shift to cities, legis-
lators refused to act at all, thus keeping the 1921 districts in place.
Another stonewalling came a decade later, so that over time the
districts became less and less equal, rural representation in the
legislature and Congress was magnified far beyond its base, and
4 Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets, and Legislative Donnybrooks

urban representation was stymied. The population shift was in-

exorable—so, in 1936, legislators boldly pushed through a consti-
tutional amendment to cap urban representation at its low level,
to ensure that rural representation would permanently dominate.
In 1931, The Dallas Morning News quoted a legislator making the
argument that cities were “breeding places for bolshevism, anar-
chy and crime waves”; another legislator stated: “I am opposed
to concentrating the legislative representation in the larger
cities. . . . Five members is sufficient for any one county.”9
With self-­interested rural representatives protecting their
seats, and with a state constitutional victory squelching urban
representation, the legislature produced the rotten boroughs of
malapportionment (unequal representation). In the 1930s, the
smallest Texas House district was 52 percent under the ideal
(equal population) size, while the largest was 158 percent of the
ideal.10 Since the legislature refused to redistrict again in 1941,
but instead kept the 1921 districts, the inequalities deepened. The
gap in the 1940s was 55 percent under to 210 percent over the
ideal.11 The continuing malapportionment was protected by the
Texas constitution, by the skewed political power in the legis-
lature, by illegal voting schemes that kept the electorate virtu-
ally all white, and by the U.S. Supreme Court’s doctrine that
such matters were “political questions” untouchable by the judi-
ciary. But the increasing urban (and south Texas) populations
demanded better representation. They kept up the pressure and
finally won enough support in Austin until, in 1947, legislators
reluctantly agreed to a constitutional change that would control
the decisions of future legislatures: a new Legislative Redistrict-
ing Board would be created (beginning in 1953) and empowered
to act if the legislature ever again refused to redistrict itself.12
Note that this did not affect congressional redistricting, nor did it
compel equality—just passage of the bills. Rather than cede such
a crucial political task as redistricting to a board dominated by
higher-­office politicians,13 the legislature finally redistricted itself
in 1951. Yet, with the constitutional grandfathering of low urban
representation, the malapportionment continued.
By the 1950s, Texas’s population was 63 percent urban. The
 Introduction: The Prequel 5

largest and most urban area of the state—Harris County (Hous-

ton)—elected eight state representatives in 1950 when, if not for
the constitutional ceiling, it should have had fifteen. Combined,
the state’s most urban areas—Houston, Dallas, Fort Worth, and
San Antonio—held 29 percent of the state’s population, but the
1936 constitutional amendment capped their representation at 19
percent in the House and 13 percent in the Senate. When urban
interests finally won additional seats with a 1951 redistricting vote,
the rural House members immediately regrouped and attacked
with a vote to take away the newly gained urban representation.
After some arm-­twisting, the measure barely got the required
100 votes (101–25), but it was not taken up in the Senate.14 More-
over, the legislature preferred multimember, at-­large (typically
countywide or multicounty) districts rather than single-­member
districts that could allow labor or racial and ethnic minorities—
or Republicans—to win.15 In the final results of the redistricting
for the 1950s, the smallest House district was 43 percent of the
ideal size; the largest was 196 percent of the ideal.16
As for congressional representation, with the 1950 census, the
state gained one congressional seat; yet, as it often did to avoid
the pain of redistricting, the legislature chose to keep the old
lines and make that new seat an at-­large, statewide seat. Thus, the
population range in the districts varied from 216,371 at the low
(rural) end to 951,527 in a Dallas district.17 Finally, in time for
the 1958 election, the legislature redrew congressional districts,
creating a second seat in Harris County (won by conservative
Democratic County Judge Bob Casey) to go with Democratic
Congressman Albert Thomas’s seat.
Soon after, the 1960 census triggered the next decennial round
of redistricting, for both the legislature and Congress. Burgeon-
ing urban populations and the antiestablishment election in 1958
had produced even more pressure, and the new districts did a
better job in effecting equal representation. But better didn’t
mean one-­to-­one equality18—it simply meant that the smallest
district was 47 percent under the ideal, while the largest was only
66 percent over the ideal, rather than the 210 and 196 percentages
of earlier redistrictings.19 Moreover, the maintenance of multi-
6 Rotten Boroughs, Political Thickets, and Legislative Donnybrooks

member districts, coupled with the reality of race-­based voting,

made it nearly impossible for a minority to win a legislative seat.
For instance, in 1962 Barbara Jordan lost her race for a seat in
the state House of Representatives, and she lost again in 1964,
78,000–62,000.
In the 1960 census, Texas had 9,579,677 residents. With re-
apportionment, Texas gained yet another congressional seat.
Its 23 congressional districts, then, should each have contained
416,508 residents. Once again, the legislature could not agree
on congressional redistricting and made the new seat at-­large.
The new districts were still skewed from equal sizes—Bruce
Alger’s Republican Dallas district (939,845 residents) was more
than twice the size of the ideal, while Democrat Wright Pat-
man’s rural east Texas district was 44 percent under the average.
Ray Roberts’s rural district (213,374 residents) was the farthest
under the ideal. In San Antonio, Henry B. González’s district had
682,481 residents. In Houston, Albert Thomas and Bob Casey
each represented just over 618,000 residents.20 Harris County
was 410,000 residents over the ideal population for two seats—
almost exactly the required number for an entire additional seat.
And, creating long-­lasting resentment, the new plan also cost
Republicans the only two congressional seats they held at the
time.21

Abandoning the Metaphor of the Political Thicket: Elevating

Redistricting to a Constitutional Question of Equality

For much of the nation’s history, the judiciary has been deter-
mined to not engage in authoritative actions to broaden voting
rights.22 The classic U.S. Supreme Court case that squelched
judicial presence in legislative redistricting was Colegrove v. Green
(1946).23 Justice Felix Frankfurter straightforwardly reaffirmed
the Court’s long-­held position that the judiciary should not and
could not accept cases challenging reapportionment and redis-
tricting. The Court, he wrote, “has refused to do so because due
regard for the effective working of our Government revealed this
 Introduction: The Prequel 7

issue to be of a peculiarly political nature, and therefore not meet

for judicial determination.” His oft-­quoted assertion from the
case is that “Courts ought not to enter this political thicket.” So
where to? “The remedy for unfairness in districting is to secure
state legislatures that will apportion properly, or to invoke the
ample powers of Congress,” Frankfurter wrote. Thus spoke the
Court—but it was a divided Court, and despite Frankfurter’s
wishes, did not settle the issue.
By the 1960s, malapportionment had become more egregious
across the nation—or perhaps simply more embarrassing in the
civil rights era; Tennessee’s representation ratio was 44–1 and
California’s was 449–1.24 By 1962, there was also a new Court,
and in Baker v. Carr,25 it ruled for the first time that state legisla-
tive reapportionments are justiciable issues. In one sense, Frank-
furter has been proven correct: Baker has thrown the states,
Congress, and numerous interest groups into the thicket, where
they’ve clawed and scratched and bled since then. If, since 1962,
questions about number and size and configuration of legislative
seats are justiciable, then the pertinent questions are copious, and
the cases throwing those questions at the courts poured forth
immediately from many states.26 In Gray v. Sanders (1963),27
the Court ruled that representation by unit systems rather
than human population is unconstitutional. Justice William O.
Douglas wrote that the concept of political equality in our con-
stitutional documents means “one person, one vote.” In a 1964
Georgia case, Wesberry v. Sanders,28 the Court specifically held
that the one person, one vote standard applied to malappor-
tioned congressional districts and referenced the historical rot-
ten boroughs that the Constitution prohibits. Justice Hugo Black
wrote, “We do not believe that the Framers of the Constitution
intended to permit . . . vote-­diluting discrimination to be accom-
plished through the device of districts containing widely varied
numbers of inhabitants.” Black hearkened to the constitutional
convention debate over the Connecticut Compromise. “The
delegates were quite aware of what Madison called the ‘vicious
representation’ in Great Britain whereby ‘rotten boroughs’ with
few inhabitants were represented in Parliament on or almost on
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 555 Wer ist's? Heinze ningken, Kr. Tilsit. — 77 — 05 Drag.-
Rgt. Prinz Albrecht v. Pr. (Litthauisch.) No. 1 v. Fahnenjunker bis Maj.
u. Esk.-Chef. — Sler: Geogr. Kart.; Bes. e. Gläser -Slg., ca. 700
verschied. St. — Als Abordng. d. Rgts. zur EnthüUg. d. Denkmals d.
Prz. Albrecht v. Pr. in Charlottenburg u. d. Grabdenkm. d. Litth. Drag,
in Trautenau. — Streng kons. — Tilsiter ,,6/8"-Club. —Durlach iu
Baden. [4 HEINRICHS. Richard. Pfarrer. — * 1. IV 1849 Straelan. •
— W: Der niederrheinische Humanist u. Schulmann Matthias
Bredenbach u. s. UrteU über die Reformation 90; Andacht zu Ehren
der heiligen Mutter Anna 94; Die Aufhebung des Domschatzes von
Magdeburg durch Christian Wilhelm von Brandenburg 97; E. Protest.
Prediger in geschieh tl. Beleuchtg. 02; Die Lohengrin-Dichtg. u. ihre
Deutg. 05. — Materborn bei Cleve, Rhld. HEINRICI. C. F. Georg, o.
Prof. d. Theol., kgl. pr. Konsist. -R., kgl. s. Geh. Kirch. R. — »14. III
1844 Karkeln, Ostpr. — V: Kons.-R. H., Gumbinnen; M: Ida Kempfer.
— Gymn. Tilsit, Gumbinnen; Univ. Halle, Berlin. — Verh: I. m. Ellen
Wükinson, Enkelin d. Oberkonsist.-R. Twest«n, Berlin; II. m. Paula
Eck, T. d. t Staatssekr. im Reichsamt d. Imi. E. u. Malwine v.
Wißmann. • — K: Dorothea Wiedeburg * 3. IV 74; Carl »21. V 76;
Maria Geißler »4. VI 79; Ernst * 15. IV 81; EUen * 25. IX 91; Paul *
28. III 00. — 66 Dr. phU. Halle; 68 Lic. theol. Berlin; 69
DomhUfspred. ; 70 Inspekt. d. Domkand. -Stifts Berlin; 71 Priv.Doz.
Berlin; 73 Prof. extr. Marburg; 74 Prof. o.; 75 Dr. theol. hon. c.
Marburg; 81 Konsist. -R. u. M. d. Gesamtkonsist. Kassel; 92 Prof. d.
Theol. Leipzig. — W: Schriften z. Auslegg. d. Neuen Test., z.
Urcliristentuni, z. theol. Encyklop. u. Prinzipienlelye ; Biograph.: D.
Valentinian. Gnosis u. d. Heil. Schrift 71; Erklärg. d. 1. Kor.-Br. 80;
Erklärg. d. 2. Kor.-Br. 87; Meyers exeget. Handb. z. d. Kor.-Br. 5. — 8.
A. neubearb. 87, D. A. Twesten n. Tageb. u. Br. 89; Theol. Encykl.
93; Beitr. z. Gesch. u. Erklärg. d. Neu. Test. 03; D. Urchristentum 02;
Ist d. Lebenslehre Jesu zeitgemäß? 04; Literar. Charakt. d. Neutest.
Sehr. 08. — Leipzig, Stephanstr. 12. HEIIVROTII. Wilhelm. Geh.Ob.-
Jiist.R., Landgeriohtspräsid. • — Göttingen, Bergstraße 4. HEINTZE.
JiiliHN liUdw. Ferd.. Dr. phU., Oberberg-R., Betriebsdir. d. kgl. sächs.
Porzellan-Manufaktur. — Meißen, Talstr. 9. HEINIKE. Wilhelm.
Bankdirektor. Vorst. d. Hamb. Kommerz.- u. Diskontobank. M. d.
Aufs.-R. d. Siemens-ßchuckert-Werke. — Hamburg, Wart«nau 20.
BEINTZE-WEISSEIVRODE, Ernst K. F. Frhr. v., Dr. jur. ; Kgl. preuß.
Khr. ; a.o Gesandter u. bevoümächt. Minister a. D.; Rittmstr. d. Res.
— »3. VII 1862 Berlin. — V: Friedrich Frhr. v. H.-W. t 78; M: Karohne
Freiin v Thielemann * 31. I 37. — Gymn. Kiel, Univ. Boim, Berlin. —
Verh: 28. V 00 m. Adele A. M. von Francois • 26. II 79. — 86 1. G.-
Drag.Rgt.; X 86 Off.; 88 z. Botsch. in London kom.; 89 Auswärt.
Amt; 90 Rittmstr. d. Res.; dann Legat.-Sekr. Petersburg, Teheran,
Buenos Aires u. Lissabon; 97 Legat. -R. Gesandtsch. Hamburg; 99
kgl. Khr.; 00 Legat.-Sekr. Stockholm; 1. IV 03—05 Min. Besid. bei d.
Republ. Kuba. — Herr auf Niendorf u. Reecke; E.-Rr. d. Joh.-O. —
Niendorf b. Lübeck. HEINTZE-WEIKSENRODE. Heinrich E. L., Frhr. v.,
Ob.-Jägerm. v. Dienst m. d. Range d. W. Geh.-R., Chef d.
Hofjagdamt. u. Oberst-Lt. a. D. — * 27. IX 1834 Schleswig. — V:
Ernst Frhr. v. H.-W., k. dän. Khr., G. Konferenz-R. u. Amtmann a. D. t
67; M: Elisabeth K. Gfn. V. Reventlow f 93. — Verh: 29. IX 68 m.
Josephine v. Frankenberg u. Proschlitz * 11. VIII 42, t 03. — R.-Rr.
d. Joh.-O. Schw. Adl.-O. — Reichsadel 1805, dänischer Frhr. 45. —
Berlin W. 9, Potsdamerstr. 22 II. HEINZ, Antnn. Dr. phil., o. Prof., d.
Botanik u. Vorst. d. botan.-physiol. Sammlung; 05 — 06 Rektor. —
Universität Agram, Kjoatien HEINZ. Robert. Dr. med., a. o. Prof d.
Pharmakol. u. Toxikol., Leit. d. pharmakol Laborat. Univ. Erlangen. —
* 11. V 1865 Wüste giersdorf, Schles. — Univ. Breslau. — 88 Dr
med. u. approb. ; dann Assist, am pharmakol Inst. Breslau; Priv.-
Doz. u. 04 a. o. Prof. Er langen. — W: Bau u. Entwickig. d. menschl
u. tier. Placenta (Diss., Preisschr.) 88; Üb Jod u. Jodverbindgn. (Hab.
-Sehr.) 92; Handb d. exper. Pathol. u. Pharmakol. 2 Bde. 04 — 06;
Arb. in Virch. Arch., Münch. med. W., Ziegl. Beitr. usw. — Erlangen.
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Naumburg a./S., Gymn. Basel, 75—83 Leipzig, 83—87 Univ.
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107. Inf.-Rgt. (Hptm. a. D.), 89 Ref., 93 Ass., 96 Amtsricht., dann
Landricht. u. Landger. -R. Dresden, s. 06 Landger.-Dir., 99—02
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nat.-lib. Reichstagsfrakt. — Weißer Hirsch b. Dresden, Heinrichstr.
14. HEINZE. Max, D., Dr. phil.. Geh. R., Prof. d. Philos. u. Dir. d.
philos. Semin. d. Univ. Leipzig. — • 13. XII 1835 Prießnitz,
S.Meiningen. — V: Kirchen-R. D. in Prießnitz; M: Hennriette geb.
Herrmann. — Vorf: M. s. Agricola d. Freund Luthers. — Gymn.
Naumburg a. S. ; Univ. : Leipzig, Tübingen, Erlangen, Halle, Berlin.
— Verh: 7. IX 64 m. Klara Lepsius. — K: Rudolf '22. VII 65, Landger.-
Dir., Dresden, M. d. R.; Richard * 11. VIII 67, Prof. d. klass. Philos.
Leipzig; Margarete * 9. XI 74, verh. m. Dr. Kühne, Charlottenburg. —
60 Dr. phil. Berlin, Lehr. Schulpforta, Instrukt. u. Erz. d. jetz.
Großherz. v. Oldenburg u. d. Bruders, dann Prof. u. oldenb. Hof-R.,
72 Priv.-Doz. Leipzig, 74 o. Prof. Basel, 75 Königsberg u. dann
Leipzig; 77 — 88 Prokanzellar, 80 — 81 Dekan d. philos. Fak., 83—84
Rektor, 88 Geh. Hof-R., Ol Geh. R., 05 Dr. theol. h .c. Leipzig. — W:
Lehre v. Logos iu d. griech. PhÜos.; Eudämonismus in d. griech.
Philos.; Descartes; D. Nus d. Anaxagoras; Ethik d. Stoiker, Spinoza;
Vorlesgn. Kants üb. Metaphysik aus 3 Sem.; Hrsg.: Überweg, Grundr.
d. Gesch. d. Philos.; Mithrsg. d. Kantstudien, d. allgem. dtsch.
Biographie. — O. M. d. Kgl. sächs. Ges. d. W., korr. M. d. Kgl. Pr.
Akad. d. W. in Berlin. — Leipzig, Grimmaische Str. 32 II. HEINZE,
Paul A. C, Eiter.-IIistor. LjTiker. — * 7. VI 1858 Dresden. — V:
Ratsarchivar Alfred H.; M: Anna geb. Schöne. — Kreuzsch. u. Techn.
Hochsch. Dresden. — Verh: 15. X 92 m. d. t Dichter. Anna Voigt, T.
d. Oberpfarr. Aug. V Rothenburg, O.-L., u. Pau 
 Heinze Wer ist's? 556 line geb. Sawade. — Einige Jahre
Buchhändler; begr. 80 in Dresden d. v. ihm b. 93 geleit. Dtach.
Dichterheim; jetzt nur literar. u. wiss. tätig. — W: Dtsch. Poetik, m.
Rud. Goette 90; Aus Dur u. Moll, Ged. (zugl. Ged. s. Gattin enth.)
97; Gesch. d. Dtsch. Lit. v. Goethes Tode b. z. Gegenw., 2. A. 03;
Musenalmanach f. 82 (m. Alfr. Heinze); Im Wechsel d. Tage, 12. A.
03. — Dresden-Blasewitz, Weststr. 2. HEINZE. Rudolf, Bnchh. — "^
25. VIII 1863 Dresden. — V; Eatsarchiv. Alfred H.: M: Anna, Schöne.
— Realsch. Dresden-Friedrichstadt. — Verh.: 3. IX 92, Clara,
Schubert, T. d. Buchh. S. — 80 Lehrl. in G. A. Kaufmanns Buchhdlg.
Dresden, war in Leipzig, Berlin u. Hannover, buchh. u lit. tat. u.
erwarb obengenannte Fa. 87. — Splt.: Buchh. Ver. Wes. u.
Reformarb. i. Sach. d. Buchh. — Dresden, Seestraße o. [4 BEISIG.
Joseph. Dr. phil., Gntsbes. M. d. Pr. A.-H. f. d. Reg.-Bez. Oppeln, 4.
Wahlkreis. — • 4. I 1857 Gleiwitz. — Gymn. Gleiwitz; Univ. Breslau u.
Halle. — W: LandwirtVerhältnisse in Schlesien. — Fördert d.
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landw. Kreistaxator u. in and. Ehrenamt, tätig. — Zentr. — Gardel b.
Gleiwitz. HEITMUEliLER. Franz Ferdinand. Dr. phil., früher Assist.,
jetzt auswärt. Mitarb. b. Goethe- u. Schillerarchiv Weimar. — * 16..
III 1864 Hamburg. — Univ. Jena, Berlin. — W: Tampete! Nov.; D.
Schatz im Himmel, Nov.; Hamburg. Dramatiker z. Zt. Gottscheds;
Aus d. Gottflshause: Briefe Riemers an d. Familie Frommann in Jena;
Adam Gottfried Uhlich. Holland. Komödianten in Hambiu"g 1740 —
1741; H. Borkenstein, D. Bookesbeutel, 1742; Goethes Tagebücher
1817—1826 u. 1829 bis 1832; Reise in d. Schweiz 1797; Weimar.
Sophienausg. ; Hartleben-Tagebuch; Otto Erich Hartleben; Briefe a.
s. Frau. — Goethe-Ges., D. u. ö. Alp. -Ver. — Berlin W. 15,
Uhlandsträßc 29 HEITMÜEIiER. Wilhelm, a. o. Prof. f. Neues Test.
Univ. Göttingen. Dr. theol. h. c. d. Theol. Fak. Götttingen. — * 3. VIII
1869 Döteberg, Hann. — Univ.: Greifswald, Marburg, Leipzig,
Göttingen; 15. II 02 Lic. theol. u. 1. III 02 Priv.-Doz. Göttingen. —
W: Im Namen Jesu, eine sprach- u. religionsgesch. Untersuchg.,
spez. z. altchristl. Taufe 03; Taufe u. Abendmahl b. Paulus 03; D.
Johannesevang., übers, u. erkl. (Scliriften d. N. T.); Hrsg. Theolog.
Bundschau. — Marburg. HEITZ. Paul, Buchdruckereibesitz., Inh. d.
Druckerei, Verl.- u. Sortimentsh. J. H. Ed. Heitz. — • 4. IV 1857
Straßburg i. Eis. — W: D. Büchermarken od. Buchdrucker- u.
Verlegerzeichen 90 — 97 I. Elsässische (m. Barack), III. Basler (m.
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Züricher Büchermarken b. z. Anf. d. 17. Jhrh.; Originalabdruck v.
Formschneider-Arb. d. 16. u. 17. Jhrh. 92—99 III; Dietrich v. Bern
(Sigenot), 14. Straßb. Originalholzstöcke d. 16. Jhrh. 94;
Initialschmuck in d. elsäß. Drucken d. 15. u. 16. Jhrh. 94—96 II;
Hans Foltz, Dieses puchlein saget uns von allen paden die von natur
heiß sein 96; Neujahrswünsche d. 15. Jhrh. 93; Initialen v. Hans
Holbein (m. Schneeli) 00; Pestbl. d. 15. Jhrh. (m. Schreiber) 00; L.
FUigranes d. Papiers, cont. dans 1. arch. de la ville de Strasbourg
02; L. FiUgr. d. incunables de la Bibl. d'Btat et de l'Univ. de
Strasbourg 03; Biblia Pauperum,' Facsimilereprod. (m. Schreiber) 03;
Oracula: Sibylina, Fase, reprod. (m. Schreiber) 03; L. FUigr. avec la
Crosse de Bäle 04; 100 Kalender-Inkunabeln (m. Haebler) 05. Kolor.
Einblattdr. (Einzelholzdr.) d. 15. Jlirh. St. Gallen, Stiftsbibl. (m. Ad.
Fäh) 06; Donaueschingen, Frstl. Fürstenbg. Sammig. (m. Schreiber)
06; Zürich, Stadtbibl. (m. Pahrs) 06; Tübingen, Univ. -Bibl. (m.
Schreiber) 06; Stutgart, Landesbibl. {m. Schreiber) 07; IJreslau Kgl.
u. Univ.-Bibl. (m. Sillib) 07; München, Kgl. Hof- u. Staatsbibl., I. Bd.
(m. Leidinger 07; Basel, öffentl. Kunstsammlg. (m. Major) 07; E.
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Americana. — Am. Hist. Assn.; Am. Lib. Ass'n; Bibliogr. Soc. of Am.;
German-Am. Hist. Soc; AUiance Franf.; Verb. d. dtsch. Schriftst. in
Am. — Lenox Library Building, 5. Ave. u. 70 Str., New- York. BELBIG,
Wolfgang, Prof., Dr. phll., Archäolog. — * 2. II 1839 Dresden. — V:
Prof. H., Konrekt. a. altstädt. Gymn.; M: Emma geb. V. Müller. —
Gymn., stud. Göttingen, Bonn. — Verh: 22. X 66 (Moskau) m. Fürstin
Nadejda Schakhowskoy, T. d. Fürsten Dmitri u. d. Fürstin Natalie
Seh., geb. Fürst. Swiatopolk-Czetwertynska. — K: Elisabet * 11. I 68;
Dimitri * 30. X 73. — 62 Stipendiat d. archäol. Inst. Ital. ; 65 Sekr. d.
damals preuß., jetzt dtsch. archäol. Inst.; s. 85 Privatm. Rom. — W:
Quaest. scaenicae 61; Wandgem. d. v. Vesuv verschütt. Städte
Kampaniens 68; Untersuchgn. üb. d. kamp. Wandmalerei 73; D.
Italiker in d. Po-Ebene 79; D. homer. Epos, aus d. Denkmälern
erläut., 2. A. 87; Führ, durch d. Mus. klass. Altert- in Rom, 2. A. 99;
La collection Barocco; Sur la question mycen. 96; Les vases du
Dipylon usw. 98. — M. d. bajT., schwed. u. Petersb. Akad. d. Wiss.,
d. belg. Acad. des beaux arts, membre de l'Inst. de France (Acad.
des Inscript. et Belles-Lettres), membre honor. de la soc. des
antiquaires de France, M. d. ital. Alp. -Klubs, d. societa di nuoto, zu
der. Grund, er gehört, M. d. ital. Acad. d. Lincei u. d. S. Luca usw. —
Nat.-lib — Rom, Gianicolo, VUla Lante. HELD, Bertb., Kegiss. am
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Eckartsberg b. Zittau. HEL.D, Hans, Prof., Dr. med., Anatomie; 2.
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HEED, Heinrieb, Cbefred. d. Regensbürg. Morgenblattes. — * 6. VI
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Dekret V. 30. XII 1806 üb. d. Kirchenfabriken 88; L. empiet. du
pouvoür, cl6rical siur le pouvoir civil 90; La capacitö d. fabriques
d'eglise et leur patrim. 92; Leben d. selig. P. Fourier 93; Sechs
Sonntage zu Ehren d. H. Aloysius 94; Six dimanches en l'honneur de
St. Louis de Gouzague 94; Arch. ardaUt. Mariano- Angel. Luxemb.
90; Conference sur notre fiducation mus. 02; La premi^re Renaiss.
05; Leonard de Vinci 06; Kircheugesch. d. drei erst. Jhrh. 06; La
brochure Graßniann Ol; Maria, d. Mutter Jesu, Trösterin d. Bertübten
93; Notre-Dame de Luxembourg 00; Maria, deine Mutt«r 93; D.
Marienkind 95. — Institut grand-ducal, sect. hist. u. Cercle artist. de
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Priv., Reichsu. pr. Ldtgs.-Abg. — * Zeven, Prov. Hannover. — V:
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29. I 63 m. Julie Freiin v. Gredler. — K: I) Joseph Wilh. Zdenko * 49,
t91; II) Joseph Anton Wilh. Zdenko »79; Jaroslaw * 83 ; Marie * 85
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42 Dr. jur.; 43 Assist, s. Vaters Univ. Prag; 47 Assist. V. Prof. Dr. J.
Hornig Theres. Ritt.Akad.; VIII 47 Supplic. Prof. Univ. Krakau; 48 o.
Prof. Univ. Krakau; VII 48/49 M. d. R. Wien; IX 48/60
Unterstaatssekr. im Unterr.Min. unter Graf Leo Thun, X 60 — II 61
provis. Leiter d. Unterrichtsmin. ; 61 Wirkl. Geh.-R.; 61 — 65 Leiter
d. Abt. f. Unterricht u. Kultus; 65 Präs. d. k. k. Zentralkomm. f.
Kunst- u. hist. Denkmale, 81 Berufg. in d. österr. H.-H.: Vertreter d.
kler.-föd. Part.; 96 Alters-Präs, d. reichsrätl. Delegation; 97 Kanzler d.
Franz Joseph-0. — W: Huß u. Hieronymus 53; Mailand u. d. lombard.
Aufstand 1848 (anonym) 54; Aus Böhmen u. Italien März 1848
(anonym) 61; österr. Gesch. f. d. Volk 62/82 XVII; Schlacht b. Kulm
63; 50 Jahre n. d. Wiener Kongreß 65; Rußl. u. d. kath. Kirche in
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1848, 6 Bde. 69/86; Maria Louise 73; Rastatter Gesandtenmord 74;
Wien. Journalistik i. J. 1848 77; Karol. v. Neapel 78; J, Murat 78;
Bosnisches 78; Wiener Parnaß i. J. 48 82; Ruffo 82; Chef d. Wiener
Stadtverteigigg. 1683 83; M. Karolina Anklagen u. Verteidig. 84; D.
JubUäumslit. d. Wiener Katastrophe;
 Helfferich Wer ist's? 558 Ausgang d. franz. Herrschaft i.
Ob.-Ital. 90; E. Gesch. V. Toren 94; Gregor XVI. u. Pius IX. 96;
Denkmalspflege 97; Prager Juni-Aufst. 1848 97; Gesandtenmord-
Frage 00; Lomb.-venet. Königreich 00; (unt d. Ps. Dr. Guido Alexis):
Gapobianco 99; Sylva 00; Geistl. Geschäftsstil (V. Prof. Helfert Vater),
H.A. 91; Memorie segrete üb. d. Hof v. Neapel 92; Sammig. Helfert
98; D. Buch v. Kaiser 00; D. Wiener Journalistik V. 1848 77; Franz I.
u. d. Stiftg. des lomb.-venet. Königreiclis 03; Tiroler Landesverteid. i.
J. 1848 03 ; Aufzeichngn. u. Erimiergn. aus jung. Jahr.; Im Wiener
konstituier. Reichstag 1848 04; Santa Lucia (im Osterr. Jb.) 05;
Olmüt« u. Kremsier 05; Vad Röcz (Österr.Jb.) 07 u. 08; — L-B: Ora et
labora. — Sler: 1848/49 Drucksachen, Büder, Münzen usw. — 54 R.
d. k. k. O. d. Eis. Kr. II. Kl., als Folge Erhebg. in d. erbl.
Freiherrnstand, 87 Großkr. d. Franz Joseph-O., 91 Großkr. d. Großh.
Toscan. Verd.O. f. d. Zivil, 99 Großkr. d. päpstl. St. GregorO., 98 Rr.
d. O. d. Ete. Kr. I. Kl. — Kons. — Korr. M. d. Akad. d. W. Wien, Präs.
d. LeoGes. z. Plfege d. christl. W. u. K., M. u. E.-M. zalür. Ver. — Wien
III/3, Reisnerstr. 19. HELrFFERICH. Karl Th., Prof.. D. d.
Staatswissenschaft, Wirkl. Leg.-R., Dir. d. Anatol. Eisenbahnen. — *
22. VII 1872 Neustadt a. H., Rheinpfalz. — V: Friedrich H., kgl. bayr.
Kom.-R., Fabrikbes.; M: Auguste geb. Knöckel. — Gymn. Neustadt a.
H.; Univ. München, BerUn, Straßburg. — 94 gr. Reisen; 95 — 98
lebh. Beteiligg. am Währgskampf als Vert. d. Goldwährg.; 99 Priv.-
Doz. d. Staatswissensch. Univ. Berlin; 00 KolonialpoUtik Sem. f.
Orient. Sprachen Berlin; Ol Referent f. Wirtschaft!. Angelegenh. Kol.-
Abt. d. Ausw. Amts; Ol Prof.; 02 Legat. -R.; 04 Wiikl. Legat.-R.; 03
Deleg. d. dtsch. Reg. b. d. Verhandlgn. in Berlin m. d. amerik.-mexik.
Wälurgskomm. ; 04 Ruf als o. Prof. d. Staatsw. an d. Univ. Bonn
abgelehnt; 05 Vortrag. R. in d. Kol.-Abt.; V 06 Dir. d. Anat.
Eisenbahn. — W: Hauptwerke: Die Reform d. dtsch. Geldwesens
nach d. Gründg. d. Reichs, 2 Bde. 98; Handelspolitik Ol; Geld u.
Banken, 1. Bd.: d. Geld 03; zahh". kl. Schrift, u. Aufa. in münzpolit.
u. Ztschr. üb. währgs,baukpolit., handeis- u. kolonialpolit. Fragen. —
Konstautinopel (Deutsche Post). BEL.FFERICH, Max, Ob.-Re^.-Rat d.
Gen. -Kommission. — Münster, Breul 19. H£L,FFT, Ernst, Hon. -Kons.
v. Colombien f. Pomm., Exequatur d. Reiches. — Stettin, Friedrich
Karlstr. 34 I. HEIiFREICH, Friedrich, a. o. Prof., Dr. med.,
Augenheilkde. u. Gesch. d. Med. an d. I'niv. Würzburg, kgl. bayr.
Hofrat. — • 17. IX 1842 Schweinfurt a. M. — V: Kgl. bayr. Ob.-
Staatsanw. Friedrich H.; M: Maria geb. v. Berg. — Gymn.
Aschaffenburg; Univ. München, Würzburg, Göttingen, Berlin, Wien.
— Verh: 29. III 73 m. Emilie geb. Forster, T. d. k. bayr. Reg. -Dir. Carl
v. Forster u. s. Gem. Helene geb. Freiin Ebner v. Eschenbach. — K:
Ella * 15. VI 78, verh. 06 m. Hans, Frlu'. Ebner v. Eschenbach,
stellvertr. Fabrikdir. Linz a. D. ; Sophie Eugenie * 5. VII 87. — 65 Dr.
med.; 68 Augenarzt Würzburg; 69 Univ.-Doz. ebd.; 72 Gründg. e.
Priv.-Augenkllnik; 86 Hon.-Prof.; 96 etatsm. a. o. Prof. zugl. m. d.
Lehrauftrag f. Gesch. d. Med.; med. Geogr. u. Statistik; 08 kgl. bayr.
Hofrat; Feldz. 66 u. 70/71 als Bat.-Arzt mitgemacht. — W: Exper.
Untersuch, üb. d. Pathogenese d. Diabetes melMtus 66; Üb. d.
Nerven d. Conjimctiva u. Sclera 70; Z. Lehre V. Glioma retinae v.
Graefe's Arch. f. Ophth. XXI 75; Arterienpuls d. Netzhaut 82; Üb. den
Veneupuls d. Retina u. d. intraocul. Zirkulation (V. Graefe's A. f.
Ophth. XXVIII); E. besond. Form d. Lidbewegg. 87; ferner langjähr.
Mitarbeitersch. an d. Jaliresber. üb. d. Leistungn. u. Fortschr. im Geb.
d. Ophthalm. ; üb. d. med. -bist. Ausstellg. Düsseldorf (70. Versig.
dtsch. Naturf. u. Ärzte 98; üb. mittelalt. dtsche. Arzneibücher, Gesch.
d. Chir. in d. v. weUand Prof. Puschmann begr. Handb. d. Gesch. d.
Med. — L-B: Musik, Altertumskde., Stud. üb. bUd. Kunst. — Lib. —
M. versch. gelehrt Ges. ; kais. Leop.-Karol. dtsch. Akad. d. Naturf.
Halle a. S.; Dtsch. Ges. f. Gesch. d. Med. u. d. Naturw.; ophtli. Ges.
Heidelberg; phys.-med. Ges. Würzburg; korr. M. k. k. Ges. d. Ärzte in
Wien. — Würzburg, Hauger Ring 9. HELIOS, siehe Ettlinger, Karl.
HEEE. Karl v., o. Prof., Dr., Allff. Exper.-Chemie, ther. Chemie,
Laborat. f. allg. Chemie. — * 8. IX 1849 Stuttgart. — Stud. Stuttgart,
München. — 71 Assist.; 72 Dr. phil. u. HUfslehr.; 74 Tit.-Prof.; 83 o.
Prof. u. 96 b. 99 Du. d. techn. Hochsch. Stuttgart. — W: Zahlr. Aufs,
in Fachsclu-. ; Bd. 4 — 7 v. Fehling, Neues Handwörterb. d. Chemie
86 — 00. — Stuttgart, Relenbergstr. 74. HELEAIVD. Aniund, Prof. d.
Bergbaukde, u. Geologie. — * 1846 Bergen in Norwegen. — V: H.
H., Konsul; M; Karen geb. Folkedal. — Untv. Cliristiania. — Bergex.
absolv. a. d. Univ. 68; seit 67 Amanuensis a. d. metallurg. Laborat.
Christiania; seit 74 Doz.; s. 85 Prof. das.; hat zahLr. Reis, untern, n.
Grönland, Island, Färöer, Ital., Norw. usw. — W: Eine Reihe v.
geolog. Arb. üb. Fjorde, Seen, Gletscher, Erzvorkommn., Vulka.,
Bergbaukde. (Haandb. i. Grubedr. 87), Bergrecht (Norsk Bergret 92);
s. 97 Hrsg. v. ,,Norges Lard og Folk", v. welch. Werke bis Ende 1904
17 Bde. von ihm ausgeg. sind; D. Prov. (Ämter) v. Söndre,
Troudhjem, TromsS, Bratsberg, Nordre Bergenhus, Hedemarken,
Lister og Mandal, Nedeues, Finmarken sind von ihm gesclirieben; Die
Beschreibg. von Nordland wird s. 1907 ausge.arb. — M. kgl.
Kommiss., so d. Konimiss. v. d. Silberbergwerk Kongsberg 85; Vors.
in d. Kommiss. für e. Gesetz d. norw. Univ. in Christiania 00. —
Cliristiaiüa. HELEBACH, Rud., k. Schauspiel, am kgl. Theat. Kassel. —
* 14. VIII 1857 Brunn. — Erhielt s. AusbUdg. v. Alois Wohlmuth; trat
^. erstenm. 76 in Lübeck auf, nachd. in Straßburg, Mainz, Bremen,
Prag; gehört seit 93 d. Verb. d. Hoftheat. Kassel an. — Roll.: Hamlet,
Teil, Narziß, Galotti u. v. a. — Inh. d. Osterr. Jub.-Med. — Kassel,
Hohenzollernstr. 115. HEEEDORFF. Otto H., t., k. pr. Khr. u. L.-R. a.
D., M. d. pr. H.-H. a. Lebenszt. u. d. Staata-R. — • 16. IV 1833 Bedra
b. Merseburg. — V: Heinrich F. v. H., K. pr. Klu-. u. L.-R. a. D., t 73;
M: Jiüie Ch. Gfin. v. d. Schutenburg t 44. — Pädagog. Halle, Gymn.
Eisenach; Univ. Bonn, Leipzig, Heidelberg, Berlin. — Verh: 17. VII 67
m. Klara Stammann, • 29. VI 44. — K: Adda F. H. * 15. V 71. — H.
stud. Jura; 67 L.-R. d. Kr. Wetzlar; nahm 74 s. Abschied; 71—74 M.
d. R. f. Wetzlar; 77—81 u. 84—90 f. Wittenberg; 90 f. Wahlkr.
SchlochauFlatow; 84 M. d. Staats-R.; 90 d. preuß. H.-H.; 76 Vorst.-
M. d. Dtschkonservat. Innerhalb s. Partei gemäß, karteilfreundl.
Richtg. ; trat f. d. Handelsvertr. ein u. oppon. gegen d. Zedlitzschen
Schulgesetzentwurf, wurde desh. 92 nicht
 559 Wer ists' ? HeUer wieder z. Vors. d. geschäftsf.
Parteiaussch. u. Vorst. d. Reichstagsfr. gew. — Herr a. Bedra, Kr.
Querfurt. — Bedra b. Neumark, Bez. Halle. EIEL.L.DOKFF, Roderich
H. S. von, Rittmstr. d. Landw., M. d. pr. A.-H. f. d. Reg.Bez.
Merseburg, 7. Wahlkr. — * 28. XII 1848 St. Ulrich. — V: Karl H. v. H.,
pr. L.-R. t 60; M: Pauline H. E. Freiin Spiegel v. u. z. Peckelsheim t
74. — Verh: 28. VI 79 m. Elisabeth F. Gfin. V. d. Schulenburg, * 20.
III 56. — K: Else-Pauline * 26. III 80, verm. m. Ob.-Lt. v. Plessen;
Karl-Roderich * 14. XI 81, Ref.; Ellen * 9. VII 83; Wolf-Dietrich * 4. X
84, stud. jur.; Hans-Werner * 21. XI 85, stud. jur. ; VeraFeUcitas * 9.
IV 91. — 60—64 in Schnepfenthal erzogen, d. Gymn. Roßleben;
Feldzug 70/71; übernahm 75 d. väterl. Güter m. Landwirtschaftsbetr.
; M. d. Kreistags, d. Bez.-Eisenb.R. z. Erfurt, d. Landeseisenb.-R. u.
d. pr. A.-H. s. 88. — Bes. d. Fideikommiss. St. Ulrich (Rittergüter St.
Ulrich, Stöbnitz, Oechlitz, Gröst u. Zingst) sowie d.
Braunkohlengrube Pauline i. Stöbnitz b. Mücheln. — St. Ubrich b.
Mücheln, Bez. Halle a. S. HELiLE-SHAW, H. S., Prof., Dr. phil.,
Ingenieurwissensch., Univ. Liverpool; LL. D.; F. R. S.; Chairman d.
Liverpool Centre of the AutomobUe Club. — * 29. VII 1854
BUlericay. — Verh: m. Ella Marion, T. v. S. G. Rathbone, Fried. -
Rieht., Liverpool. — L-B: Golf, Motorfahren. — Clubs: United, Univ.,
Alpine, Roy. Liverpool Golf, Automobile. — Liverpool, Ullet Road 27.
HELLEN, Eduard v. der, Dr. phil., Lit. Beirat d. Cottasch. Buchhdlg. —
* 27. X 1863 Ritterg. Wellen in Hann. — W: Goethes Anteil an
Lavaters Physiogn. Fragm. 88; D. Lehnwort, d. nhd. Schriftsprache
89; D. rote Programm, S.A. 92; Italiens Volkswirtschaft 99; Goethes
Briefe 1779—86 u. 1788—1803, XII Bd. 4—7 u. 9—16 V. Goethes
Werken, Weimar. Ausg., 4. Abtl.; D. Journal f. Tiefurt 92; Goethes
Briefe, chronolog. Ausw. m. Anm. V, Cotta.sche komment. Jubil.-
Ausg. d. sämtl. Werke Goethes u. Schillers XI u. XVI. — Stuttgart,
Armjnstr. 14. HELLER, Alois Josef, k. b. Gen.-Maj., Dir. d. Topogr. Bur.
d. kgl. Gen.St. — • 17. II 1842 Grünwald, Bezirksamt München. — V:
Kgl. Rev. -Forst, u. Parkmstr. Karl H., Grünwald. M: Eleonore Dany. —
• Hum. Gymn., forstl. Hochsch. Aschaffenbiu-g, staatswirtschaftl.
Kurs an d. Univ. München. — Verh: s. 27. XII 75 m. Carolina Kurz, T.
d. k. Oberlandesger. -R. Dr. v. K. — K: Franziska * 27. XII 76 t; Karl *
2. I 78 t; Andreas Karl * 1. X 80; Alois Paul • 26. X 85. — Am Ende
s. forstl. Stud. z. Militär einher.; Feldzug 66 geg. Preußen als Lt. im
k. b. 5. Inf.-Rgt. ; d. Vollendg. d. Stud. Staatsconcurs 67 u. AnsteUg.
im Forstverwaltgsdienst; Feldz. 70/71 wieder b. Mihtär im k. b. 5.
Inf.-Rgt. Nach d. Feldz. b. Milit. verbl.; X 71 zum Topogr. Bur. komdt.,
verblieb da m. Unterbrechgn. v. einig. Jahr. z. Dienstleistgn. b. d.
Truppe als Abt.Vorst. u. s. XII 00 als Dir. d. Inst. — W: Verschied.
Vortr. üb. Topogr. u. Kartogr. — Spez. : Topogr. u. Kartogr. — Gemäß,
hb. — Z. Zt. II. Vorst. d. geogr. Ges. München. — München, Topogr.
Bur. u. Sophienstr. 6/1. [4 I HELLER, Arnold, Dr. med., Prof. d.
aUgem. Path. u. path. Anatomie, Rektor d. Univ. 82 u. 05. — * 1. V
1840 Kleinheubach a. M., Bay. — Gymn. Bayreuth; Univ. Erlangen,
Berlin. — Nach voUend. Stud. Aufenthalt Wien, bes v. Rokitansky
geförd.; Arb. im physiol. Inst. Leipzig unt. Karl Ludwig; 66 Assist, am
pathol. Inst. Erlangen b. F. A. Zenker; 69 Priv.-Doz. Cas.; 71 Stud.-
Reise nach England; 66 Bat.-Arzt III. bayr. Inf.-Rgt.; 70 — 71
stellvertr. Dir. d. Chirurg. Klinik Erlangen. — Kiel, Niemannsweg 76.
KIELLER, Hugo, Buch- u. Kunsthdh. — • 8. V 1870 Alba in Ungarn.
— UnterGymn. ; Hochschiükurse. — Verh: 16. VII Ol m. Malerin
Hermine H.-Osterretzer. — M. 14 J. Buchhdlgslehrl., v. Jug.
Buchhdler., dann Redaktioussekr. d. Kantzkyschen ,, Neuen Zeit", d.
Feuill.-Red. d. „Schwab. Tagwacht", s. 05 selbst. Buch- u.
Kunsthändler Wien. — W: Unter Mitwirkg. v. Hugo v. Hofmannsthal
u. Herrn. Balir im Vorjahr e. Enquete über ,,10 gute Bücher"
veranstaltet. — Spez.: Pflege mod. Literatiu: u. Kunst. — Wien V.,
Siebenbronngasse 29. [4 HELLER, Karl M. J., Kustos d. kgl. zoolog.
u. anthrop.-ethn. Mus. Dresden, Prof. Dr. phil. — * 21. III 1864
Rappolteukirchen, N.-ö. — V: Karl Bartholomaeus H., Prof. am k. k.
Theresianum Wien, Naturforsch, u. Reisender in Mexiko 45 — 48; M:
Marie Pumann. — Untergymn.; Ob.-Realsch.; Univ. Wien; Techn.
Hochsch. Braunschweig. — Verh: 3. X Ol m. Anna K., T. d. Heinrich
Gesang. — Als a. o. Hörer d. Univ. Wien; wissensch. Reisen n.
Bulgarien, Ägypten, Syrien u. Canar. Ins.; 85 — 90 Assist, herz,
naturhistor. Mus. Braunschweig; s. 90 Kustos d. kgl. zoolog. u.
anthrop.ethnogr. Mus. Dresden. — W: Ca. 90 Publikat. meist zoolog.
Inh. in d. Abh. u. Bericht, d. kgl. zoolog. Mus.; in Notes from the
Leyden Mus.; Ann. de la Soc. Entomol. Belg., Dtsch. Ent. Ztschr.;
Stett. Ent. Ztg. u. in Mitt. d. k. k. geogr. Ges. Wien u. a. — L-B: Zool.
(syst. Entomol., Biolog. u. Faunistik. — 27. XI 89 auf Grund e.
Dissert. : D. Urbüffel v. Celebes, Anoa depressic, u. e. mündl. Ex.
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Hofrangkl., 16. V 07 A.-R. I. erhalt. — Konserv. — E.-M. Dtsch. ent.
Ges. Berlin; Korr. M. Soc. Scient. de Sao Paulo; o. M. naturwiss. Ges.
Isis; Ver. f. Erdkde. Dresden; Vors. ent. Ver. Iris; M. d. Ver. z.
Förderg. d. Dresd. Musiksch. — Kgl. zoolog. Mus. Dresden, Zwinger
od. Franklinstr. 22 III. HELLER, Otto, Dr. phil., Prof. d. dtschn.
Sprache u. Lit. Washington-Univ. St. Louis; Mitlirsg. d. Journal of
English a. Germanic Plülology, M. zahlr. gelehrt. Ges., ehem. Chef d.
dtsch. Abteiig. in Chautauqua. — * 15. VII 1863. — V: Gutsbes. D.
H.; M: Emma Feuerlöscher. — Gymn. Brüx österr., Dresden; Univ.
Chicago, Berlin, München. — Verh: 89 m. Margaret, T. v. Peter u.
Therese Stevenson, Boston, V. S. — 86 in d. Ver. St. als Doz. 92 o.
Prof.; 92 Mass. Inst, of Technology Boston; gegenw. St. Louis. — W:
v. Art. lit. Inh. in Ztschr. u. Tagesblätt. ; hrsg. Sclirift. : Heidedorf,
Gustav Adolfs Page; D. drei Freier; Gravelotte; der Schwiegersohn;
Verf. eines Leitfadens f. Erlerng. d. Deutsch.; Ess. in Mod. German
Literatur 06; Mitarb. d. pädag. Monatshefte, d. Westl. Post usw. —
Sler: Schrift, üb. d. ew. Jud. — Betont in s. polit. u. sonst. Art. m.
Nachdruck d. Bedeutg. dtsch. Geisteslebens; wirkt f. ein bess.
gegenseit. Verständn. zw. Dtsch. u. Amerik.; Volkshochschulkurse,
öffentl. Vortr. — Goethe-Ges. Weimar, Mod. Language Ass. of
America, Americ. PhUolog. Ass., Schiller 
 HeUer Wer ist's? 560 ver., Schlaraffia. — Washington Univ.,
St. Louis; im Sommer: Roxburg-Boston, Mass. HEL.L.£:R, Wilhelm,
Ritter v., Exz., Staatsrat i. o. D., Präs. d. Oberst. Landes-Ger. ; bis 06
stellvertr. BundesratsbevoUm. — • 1. VII 1838 Beerbach. —
München, Müllerstr. 31. HEL.L,ERB£CK, F., siebe Streißler, Friedr.
BEL,JLINGUAUS, Otto, Dr.phil.,Prof., Gymn.-Dir. — t 23. III 1853
Drolshagen, Westf. — W: Deutsche Poesie v. d. Romantikera bis auf
d. Gegenwart (Anthol.), S.A. 03; Freudvoll u. leidvoll, Anthol., 82;
Am Meeresstrande, Anthol., 83; Meisterw. uns. Dichter, begr. V.
Hülskamp, Bd. 31—73, 85—93; Ausgew. Volks- u. Jugendschr., Bd. 1
— 64, 85/91; Hauffs ausgew. Werke 87; Heines Ged. 87; Aus allen
Erdteilen, m. Treuge, 2. A. 95; Eichendorf fs Gesch. 88; Eichendorf fs
ausgew. Werke 88; Klass. Nov. 89; Christ, v. Schmids ausgew.
Erzählgn., 5 Bde., 89; Prachtausg. wertv. Jugendschriften, 10 Bde.
90/95; Stolbergs Briefe an Voß 91; Jugendschatz, Jahrb. f. d. Jug.,
Bd. 1—3 95/98; Quellen u. Forschgn. z. Gesch. d. Stadt Münster i.
W. 98; Bibl. dtsch. Klass. f. Schule u. Haus (begr. v. Lindemann) Bd.
1 Klopstock-Göttinger, Bd. 2 Lessing- Wieland, Bd. 3 Herder-
Claudius-Bürger-Jean Paul Bd. 4 b. 6 Goethes Werke, Bd. 7—9
Schillers Werke. — Wattenscheid. BEL.L,I!S'GRATH, Fritz v., Maler. —
München-Gern, Tizianstr. 8. BEL.L9IANN, Friedr., o. Prof., Dr. jur.,
Dtsch. bürgerl. R., röni. Zivilr., Zivüprozeßr. Univ. München. — • 30.
XI 1850 Weißmain. — Univ. Würzburg, München. — 73 Dr. jur., 74
jur. Staatsex. u. Priv.-Doz. München, 78 Advokat, 86 a. o. u. 95 o.
Prof. Univ. München. — W: D. novator. Funkt, d. Wechselbegebg.;
Gem. Erbrecht d. Religiösen; Die Z. P. O. f. d. dtsch. Reich
(Erläutergn.); SteUvertretg. in Rechtsgesch. ; D. bayr.
Subhastationsordng. (Erläuterg.); tJb. missio in possess. im röm. u.
heut. Recht; Lehrb. v. dtsch. Z. -P.Rechts; Vortrg. üb. d. aUg. TeU d.
BGB.; D. Konkursrecht d. Reichsst. Augsburg; Dtsch.
Reichskonkursrecht i. Birkmeyers Enzyklop.; Lehrb. d. dtsch.
Konkursrechts. — München, Gabelsbergerstr. la. HEL.JL9IANIV, J. G.
Gustav, Dr. pbil.. Geh. Reg.-R., Dir. d. kgl. Meteorol. Instituts, o. Prof.
f. Meteorol. Univ. Berlin. — • 3. VII 1854 Löwen i. Schles. — Gymn.
Brieg in Schles.; Univ. Breslau, Berlin, Göttingen. — Verh: 35 m.
Anna Böger. — K: Heinz * 89; Uhrich * 92. — 75 Dr. phU. Göttingen;
75—77 Stud.-Reis. in Spanien, d. Europa; 79 Assist, u. 86 Abt.Vorst.
a. kgl. meteor. Inst. Berlin; 07 Dir. — W; D. tägl. Verändergn. d.
Temperat. in Norddtschld. 7i>; Üb. Herstellg. e, aUg. meteorol.
Bibliographie; Kurze Anleitg. z. Herstellg. d. einfachst, klimatol.
Beobachtgn. 81; Repert. d. dtsch. Meteorologie 83; Gesch. d. pr.
meteorol. Inst. 87; Neudrucke v. Schriften u. Karten üb. Meteor, u.
Erdmagnetismus; Schneekristalle, Beobachtgn. u. Stud. 93;
Contribut. to the Bibliography of Meteorology a. terrestrial
Magnetism. in the XV., XVI a. XVII. cent. 94; Regenkarte d. Prov.
Schles. 99; Ostpreuß. 00; Westpreuß. u. Posen 00, Brandenbg. u.
Pommern Ol, Sachsen u. Thür. 02, Schleswig-Holstein u. Hannover
02, Westfalen 03, HessenNassau u. Rheinld. 04; D. Niederschläge i.
d. Norddtsch. Stromgebieten 06; Regenkarte v. Dtschld. 06; zahlr.
Aufs, in Fachztschr. — L-B: Gesch. d. exakt. W. — Sler: Alte Drucke
aus d. eignen Fachgebiet. — Vors. d. Ges. f. Erdkde. BerUn,
Montagsklub. — Berlin W., Margare tenstr. 2/3. HEL.L.MANAI.
Heinrich W. L.., Ingren. — • 9. Xn 1873 Hemer, Westf. — V: Friedr.
H.; M: Friederike geb. Schumacher. — Realgymn. Iserlohn,
Technikum Hildburghausen. — Verh: 18. V 98 m. Minna Weddeler. —
K: Edith; Herbert. — Ing. d. Union Elektr.-Ges., Reisen nach China; d.
Dir. versch. Maschinenbau-Ges. ; jetzt Inh. eig. Fabrik. — W: D.
elektrische Kraftwagen; Erfinder d. häng. GasglühUchts,
Vorderradantriebes f. Motorwagen, e. elektr. Fernsehers usw. —
Berlin NW.,, Bernauer Straße 78. HEL.L.9IER, Edmand, Profess.,
Bildhauer; 05—07 Rekt. d. Akad. d. bUd. Künste Wien. — * 17. XI
1850 Wien. — Das. Schi. d. Polytechnikums u. d. Akad. unt. Franz
Bauer u. Hans Gasser; Stud. -Reise Ital.; lebte in Rom; untern. Reis.
n. Dtschld. u. Frankr.; 82 Prof. a. d. Akad. — W: Beteil. s. a. d. plast.
Schmuck d. Justizpalastes, d. Hofmus., d. Rathauses; Univ. -
Gebäude; Darstellg. Kaiser Franz Josef I., verleiht d. Verfassung;
Grabdenkmal f. d. Maler Makart, Dumba u. Hugo Wolf; d. sog.
Türken-Monument; Goethedenkm., Kossaliabrunnen u.
Schindlerdeukm. (Wien); Kais. Elisabethdenkm. Salzburg; Frank-
Denkm. Graz; Lit.-W: Lehrjahre in d. Plastik. — M. d. Dtsch. Künstl.-
Bund. u. d. Wiener Sezession. — Wien IV., Weyringergasse 24.
HELIillERS, Gerhard Hermann, Prof. Dr., Oberl. Alt. Gymn. Bremen.
— * 2. VI 1860 Blexen, Großh. Oldenburg. — V: Lehr. Gerh. Herm.
H. — Gymn. Jever, Oldenb., Univ. Leipzig, Göttingen. — 88 Oberl. a.
Alt. Gymn. Bremen s. 96 Mitarb. d. Weserztg. als Krit. f. Oper u.
Schausp., stand. Mitarb. d. Köln. Ztg., d. ,, Musik" u. d. Signale f. d.
musikal. Welt usw. — W: Diss. üb. Robert Manning, mittelengl.
Dicht.; Hrsg. v. : Edouard Schur6s ,,Les Grandes Legendes de
France" f. dtsch. Seh.; Hrsg. d. Slg. engl. u. franz. Schriftstell, f. Fr.
A. Perthes. — Spez.: Dramat. Kritik f. Oper u. Schauspiel. — • L-B:
Musik. — Z. Zt. Vors. d. Bremer Göthebundes u. damit d. Vororts d.
dtsch. Göthebünde (14) u. d. Stiftg. d. Volks-Schillerpreises d. Dtsch.
Götheb., Sitz: Bremen. — LinksUb. — Dtsch. Göthebund,
Künstlerver., Journalistenver. Bremen. — Bremen, Scharnhorststr.
185. [4 HEELWIG, Anton, Wirkl. Geh. Leg.R., Vortrag. R. in d.
Kolonialabt., Maj. d. L 72 — Auskultator b. Kammergericht; 77
Ger.Ass.; dann Exped. im Auswärt. Amt; 79 b. Konsulat
Konstantinopel; 80 2. Vizekonsul ebd.; 83 Konsul Porto Alegre
(Brasil.); 86 HUfsarb. im Ausw. Amt; 87 Konsul Kairo; 88
Alexandrien; 92 Wirkl. Leg.-R. u. Vortrag. R. in d. Kolon.-Abt.; 95
Geh. Leg.-R.; XII 05 Wirkl. Geh. Leg.-R. u. R. I. Kl.; M. d. Aufs.-R. d.
Akt.-Ges. f. Verkehrswesen. — Pr. Rot. Adl.O. II. Kl. m. Eichenl.; Pr.
Eis. Krz.; Prz. Ldw. Dienstausz. I. Kl.; Pr. Zent.-Med.; Rr. I. Kl. d. Kgl.
Sachs. Albr.-O. usw. — Berlin W., Mint«rfeldtstr. 5/6. HELEWIG,
Ernst, Ob.-Regr.-R., OberForstmstr. — Breslau XIII, HohenzoUernstr.
HEIiLWIG, Karl August, Oberst, Kmdr. d. 3. Schles. Drag. Rgts. Nr.
15. — » 27. XI 1855. — V: Konsul August H.; M: Matlülde Ewald. —
Erziehgs.-Anst. Schnepfenthal; Marienstiftsgymn. Stettin; Univ.
Heldel 
 561 Wer ist's? Helmolt berg, Leipzig. — Verh: 5. X 82 in.
Elisabeth Freiin v. Strombeck, T. v. Pr.-Lt. Friedrich Frhr. v. St. u.
Helene Freiin v. Gramm. — K: Fritz »25. VII 83; Gertrud * 19. VI 85.
— 77 Ref. u. Dr. jm-.-Prüfg.; X 77 Hus.-Rgt. 15; siebenmal vers.; 98
—01 Div.-Adj. d. 18. Div.; 06 Kmdr. d. Drag.-Rgts. 15. — L-B:
Kriegsgesch., Familienforschg., Feststellg. d. Abstammg. d.
Indogerm., Faustforschg. — Sler: Briefmarken. — Hagenau i. Eis. [4
HELLWIG. Honrad. Dr. jur., o. Prof. f. röm., dtsch., bürgert. Recht u.
Zivilprozeß Univ. Berlin. Geh. Just.-R. — * 27. IX 1856 Zierenberg b.
Kassel. — Univ. Heidelberg, Leipzig, Straßburg, Marburg. — 78 Dr.
jur. Straßburg, 83 Priv.-Doz. Leipzig, 85 a. o. Prof. Rostock u. noch im
gleich. Jahr o. Prof. Gieüen, 88 Erlangen, 02 Berlin. — W: Haftg. d.
veräuß. gutgläub. Besitz, e. fremden Sache 78; Verpfändg. u.
Pfändg. v. Fordergn. 84; Zivilrechtsfälle, 2. A. 04; Zivilprozeß prakt.,
S.A. 06; Verträge auf Leistg. an Dritte 99; Anspruch u. Klagrecht 00;
Wesen u. Subjekt. Grenzen d. Rechtskraft Ol; Lehrb. d.
Zivilprozesses, Bd. I 02, Bd. II 06, Bd. III 08; Stelig. d. Arztes 05;
Grenz, d. Rückwirkg. 07; Mitarb.: Dtsch. Jurist.-Ztg. ,, Recht", Arch.
für zivile Praxis, Ztschr. f. ZivUprozeß, Ztschr. z. Bekämpfg. d.
Geschlechtskrankh. — Berlin-Grunewald, Auerbachstr. 7. HEI.LWIO.
Otto, ExK., Wirkl. Geh. R., Vors. d. Aufs.-R. d. Nationalbank f.
Dtschld. — Berlin, Voßstr. .34. HELM. Geor^. Dr. phil.. Gell. Hof-R., o.
Prof. d. Mathematik u. mathem. Phys. an d. Techn. Hochsch.
Dresden. — * 15. III 1851 Dresden. — Polytechn. Dresden (67 —
71), Univ. Leipzig (71—73), Univ. Berlin (73/74). — 81 Dr. phU.
Leipzig; 74 — ^88 Ob. -Lehr. d. Annenschule Dresden; 88 a. o. u. 92
o. Prof. an d. Techn. Hochsch. ebd. — W : Elemente d. Mechanik u.
math. Phys. 84; D. phys. Unterr. auf d. Realgynin. 85; D. Lehre von
d. Energie, hist.-krit. entwickelt 87; Grundzüge d. math. Chemie,
Energetik d. ehem. Erscheingn. 94, engl. 97; Energetik nach ihr.
geschichtl. Entwickig. 98; D. Theorien d. Elektrodynamik u. ihr.
geschichtl. Entwickig. 04. — Dresden, Dippoldiswaldaer Gasse 10.
HELiKf. Karl Hermann Georg, Dr. phil., a. o. Prof. d. dtsch. Philol.
Univ. Gießen. — * 19. V 1871 Karlsruhe. — V: Geh.-R. Karl H., Dir. d.
Großh. bad. Staats- u. Eisenb.Schuld.-Tilggskasse * 1825, t 99; M:
Anna (t 79), T. d. Geh. Med.-R. Volz Kartsruhe t 81- — Gymn.
Karlsruhe; Univ. Heidelberg, Leipzig, Freiburg. — Verh: 96 mit
Johanna, T. d. Verlagsbuchhändl. Friedrich Wolff, Heidelberg. — K:
Otto *97; Rudolf «99; Ehsabeth »Ol; Margarete * 07. — Stud. 89 —
93 gernian. Philol. u. Gesch., III 94 Staatsex., XI 94 Promot., 94 —
95 Volont. Gymn. Heidelberg, d. Univ.Bibl. ebd., 96 wiss. Hilfsarb., 99
Priv.-Doz. u. 04 a. o. Prof. Gießen. — W: Z. Rhythmik d. kurzen
Reimpaare d. 16. Jahrh. 95; Legende v. Erzbischof Udo v.
Magdeburg 97; Untersuchgn. üb. H. V. Heslers Ev. Nicodemi 99; E.
Tagebch. a. Matthissons Jugend; Hrsg.: D. Evang. Nicodemi 02;
Heimat d. Indogerm. u. der Germanen 05 D. Buch d. Macchabäer in
md. Bearbeitg. 04; D. Apokalypse Heinrichs v. Hesler 07; Aufs. u.
Rezens. in versch. Fachztschr. s. 96; Mithrsg. d. Hess. Bl. f. Volkskd.
v. Bd. V ab. — Gießen, Südanlage 5. HELM, Theodor, Dr. pbll.. Prof..
b Ol, Hrsg. V. Frommes Kalender f. d. musikal Welt. — * 9. IV 1843
Wien. — Univ. Wien — Nach kurzer Tätigk. im Staatsdienst als
Musikschriftst. tätig; s. 68 Musikkorresp. d Pester Lloyd; s. 84
Musikkrit. d. Dtsch. Ztg. 74 Lehr. d. Musikgesch. u. Ästhet, an d. Ho
rakschen Musiksch. ; s. 82 Leit. d. musikgesch Staatsprüfgskurs
ebd.; s. 07 Leit. e. neu begr Wiener Red. d. vereinigt. Leipz.
Wochenschr Neue Ztschr. f. Musik u. Musikal. Wochenbl — W:
Beethoven Streichquartette 85 (auch franz.); D. große Sonatenform
s. Beethoven Mozarts Klavierkonzerte; Ung. Mus. in dtsch Meistern
usw. • — Wien III/l, Rochusg. 10. HEI.MAR, Käthe, siehe Heilmann,
Margarete. HELMENSDORFER. Fritz, Bank. u. Gutsbes., Dipl.-Ing. u.
Bes. d. Metallwarenfabr. M. Helmensdorfer & Co., Lt. d. R. — • 21. IV
1877. — V: August H., Bankier, Gutau. Fabrikbes., Lt. a. D., t; M:
Louise geb. König. — Vorf: eidgenöss. Oberst Koenig; Dr. med.
Dutronleau, berühmt, franz. Arzt. — Realgymn.; Univ. Würzburg,
Leipzig, München; t«chn. Hochsch. München. — Verh: 1. VIII 04. —
W: Kompos. unt. Ps. Helmsdorf. — L-B: Musik. — Demokrat. —
Corps Suevia-München, Corps Makaria-Würzburg. — Lindau, B.
HEIiMER, August, II. Konzertmstr. s. Großh. Hoftheat. Darmstadt i. P.
— Rr. II. Kl. d. Großh. Hess. Verd.-O., PhUipp d. Gr., Silb. E.-M. a.
landesf. Bde.; s. 1. IX 07 pens. — - Darmstadt, Taunusstr. 18.
HEEMER. Gilbert Joh., Dr. phll., Abt. d. Prämonstratens.-Chorherr.-
Stifts Tepl. (Böhm.). — * 1864. — 84 Novize im Praemonstratens.-
Chorh.-Stift Tepl; 88 feierl. Gelübde abgelegt; 89 Priesterweihe; 95
— 00 Supplent u. Prof. am dtsch. Staatsgymn. Pilsen; 00 Abt. in
Tepl, v. verfassgstr. Großgrundbes. in d. böhm. Landt. gewählt; 05
M. d. H.-H. — Tepl, Böhm. HEL9IER». Edith, s. Stoffella d'alta Itupe,
Fr. Marie v. HEL.MERT, F. Robert, o. Prof. a. d. Univ. Berlin, Dir. d. kgl.
pr. Geodät. Instit. u. d. Zentr.-Bur. d. Internat. Erdmessg. zu
Potsdam, Geh. R.-B., Dr. phil., Dr. Ing. — * 31. VII 1843 Freiberg, Sa.
— Bürgersch. Freiberg; Annensch. u. Polytech. Dresden; Univ.
Leipzig. — Verh: 7. VIII 89 m. Marie geb. Helmert. — K: Johann Rob.
* 96. — 68 Dr. phU. Leipzig; 69 — 70 Observat. Sternwarte
Hamburg; 70 ord. Lehr. d. Geodäsie, Techn. Hochsch. Aachen; 86
Dir. d. kgl. pr. Geodät. Inst.; 87 o. Prof. Urüv. Berlin. — W: Stud. üb.
ration. Vermessgn. 68; Ausgleichungsrechng. n. d. Meth. d. kleinst.
Quadrate, 2. A. 07; D. Sternhauf. 1. Sternb. d. Sobieskischen
Schildes 74; D. mathem. und physik. Theorien d. höh. Geodäsie, 2
Bde. 80, 84; Lotabweichgn. 86; Schwerkraft i. Hochgeb. 90; D. kgl.
pr. Geodät. Tnstit. 90; Beitr. z. Theorie d. Reversionspendels 98. —
M. d. Akad. d. W. — Potsdam, Telegraphenberg. HEIiMOET, Hans F.,
Dr. phil. — • 8. VII 65 Dresden. — V: Rechn.-R. Ferdinand H., t 04;
M: Helene geb. Hentsch, t Ol. — Univ. Leipzig u. Bonn. — Verh: 95
m. Gertrud geb. Peter, T. d. Pfarr. Dr. Clemens P. u. Emma geb.
Hempel, Dresden. — K: Hansheinrich * 96; Gisela * 98; Gertraude *
05. — 91 Dr.; 92 sächs. O.-Lehr.-Prüfung; 93—94 Mitarb. Karl
Lamprechts bei d. Hrsg. rhein. Urbare; 94—06 Red. Bibliogr. Inst.;
07 lit. Beirat München; 08 36
 Helmolt Wer ist's? 562 polit. Red. — W: König Ruprechts
Zug n. Italien 92; D. Begriff Weltgesch. 95; Fabricius u. Siber 95; D.
Entwickig. d. Grenzlin. aus d. Grenzsaum i. alt. Dtschld. 96; Dtsche.
Übers, d. Capitulare de vUlis (in d. Ztschr. „D. Land") 96; D. dtsche.
Gesch. (in Hans Meyers „Dtsch. Volkstum"), S.A. 07; Weltgeschichte
I— IX mit 37 Mitarbeitern 99—07 (engl. 01—07 u. 07 ff., russ. 02 ff.,
niederl. 08 ff.); Amalfi 04; 6. A. V. Hertslets „Treppenwitz d.
Weltgesch." 04, 7. A. 08; Kleine Schriften v. Friedrich Ratzel I 05, II
06; Briefe d. Herzogin Elisabeth Charlotte v. Orleans I 07, II 08; Krit.
Verzeichn. aller Briefe Liselottens 08. — L-B: Gesch. u. Erdkde. —
Sler: Bücher. — Ver. f. Erdkde. Leipzig; Histor. Ver. f. Niedersachs.,
Hannover; Geogr. (3es. München. — Dresden-A., Sedanstr. 3.
BELMOLT, Karl t., Dir. Norddtscli. Lloyd, Bremen. — * 7. IV 1855
SteinmüW b. Homburg v. d. H. — V: Wilh. v. H., Gutsbes.; M:
Elisabeth geb. Puth. — Bealgymn. Friedberg in Hessen. — Verh: 2. V
89 m. O. Wallis, T. V. Fr. Wallis u. Fr. Sidonie. Chicago Hl. — K:
Emmy, 1. Ehe, 30. VII 82; Karl, 2. Ehe, • 17. VI 90. — 73—95 in
Verein. Staat, v. N.Amerika verlebt; 95 auf Ruf b. Nordd. Lloyd
Bremen eingetr. als Vorsteh. d. AbteUg. Passage, 96 Prokura, wurde
kurz dar. in d. Vorst. gew., erhielt 98 Titel Dir. — M. d. Kais.
Yachtklubs, Dtsch. Kolon. -Ges., Geogr. Ges. usw. — Rot. Adl.-O. IV,
Kron.-O. III., Medjidie-O. II. m. Stern. — Wohn.: Bismarckstr. 51,
Bremen. HEL.9ISDORF, s. Helmsdorfer, Fritz. BEILINISTATT. Raban
K. E. A., Graf V., großh. bad. Khr. Siehe Jahrg. III. BEESSIG, Karl
Rudolf Bernhard, Dr. jur.. Ob. -Bibliothekar Univ.-Bibl. Leipzig, Hptm.
d. L. a. D. — * 6. VIII 1846 Dresden. — V: Karl Gottlieb H., Ob. -
Steuerinspektor Freiberg; M: Therese Liebmann. — Gymn. Freiberg;
Univ. Leipzig, Heidelberg. — Verh: 24. XI 87 m. Susanne, T. d.
Sachs. Ob. -Amtsrichters Lorenz. — Feldzug 70/71. Juristische
Praxis. 75 Assist, an d. Univ.-Bibl. Leipzig, 81 Kustos, 96 Bibliothekar,
Ol Ob.-Bibliothebar. — W: Zur Lehre v. d. Konkurrenz d. Klagen nach
röm. R. 86; Katalog d. lat. u. dtsch. Jurist. Handschr. d. Univ.-
Bibliothek Leipzig 05. — Leipzig, Kaiser WUhelmstr. 15 II. BEETZIG.
Georg, Hof Schauspieler a. Großh. Hoftheat. Weimar. — * 4. IV 1844
Borna. — Schul, v. Otto Devrient. — S. 91 im Verb. d. Weimarer
Hoftheat. — Rollen: Bertram, Theater-Dir. Striese, Crampton,
Fallstaff, Ambrosius, Malvolio, Klosterbruder. — Inh. d. Haus-O. v.
weiß. Falken, beigeordn. gold. u. silb. Verdienstkr. — Weimar,
Junkerstraße 1. BEMLAIV, Karl Friedrich, Dr. phil. u. Lic. theol., a. o.
Prof. d. Philos. u. Pädag. Univ. Basel. — * 30. VIII 1839 Grünstadt
(Rhpf.). — Gymn. Basel u. Zweibrücken; Univ. Basel Erlangen,
Tübingen. — 64 — 74 Kirchendienst in d. Pfalz; 74 Vorst. e.
Missionsanst. Basel; 83 Priv.-Doz. d. Theol. a. d. Univ. Basel, 88 a. o.
Prof. d. Philos. u. Pädag. — W: Ed. v. Hartmanns Relig. d. Zukunft
75; D. Erscheing. d. Dinge in d. Wahrnehmg. 81; D. hist. Weltstellg.
d. Juden 81; D. relig. Weltstellg. d. jüd. Volkes 82; Üb. wissensch.
Vers, neuer ReligionsbUdgn. 84; D. Ursprung d. Religion 86; D.
Aristoteles Lehre v. d. Freiheit d. menschl. Willens 87; D. Erwachen
d. jüd. Nation 97; Gesch. d. neuern Pädag., 2. A. 08; Gesch. d. jüd.
Volkes s. d. Zerstörg. Jerusalems 08. — Univ. Basel. HEIMFEE,
Frieda. K^^l- Sängerin. — * 1884 Leipzig. — V: Emil H.; M:
Auguste. — Als Pianistin ausgeb.; stud, v. 03 — 05 b. Frau Prof.
Niklas-Klempner; Sternsches Observat. — 05 n. Beendigg. d. Stud.
Hofth. Schwerin; 06 I. Rheintocht.! Bayreuth; Frühj. 07 Covent
Garden-Theater London; Concert. in all. groß. Stadt. Dtschl., Engl.,
Belg., HoU. usw.; 07 auf allerh. Wunsch S. M. d. Kais. Berl. Hofoper
eng.; erste Koloratursäng. a. d. Hofop. Berl. — Rollen: Traviata;
Lucia; Königin d. Nacht; Julia; Constanze; Frau Fluth; Rosine;
Leonore; (Troubadour) Angela; Schwarze Domino; Evchen; Elsa. —
Berlin 7, Augsburger Str. 92. BEMPEE. Bermann Carl, Maler, Dir. d.
städt. KunsthaUe. — * 13. IV 1848 Stralsund. — Verh: 77 m. Adele
Heunert, T. d. Kunstm. Friedrich H. t- — K: Friedrich, Konzert-
Organ.; Klara. — M. d. Künstlerver. Malkasten. — Düsseldorf,
Rochusstr. 44. BEJIIFEE, Karl Fr., Just.-R., Dr., R.A. u. Not. —
Zwickau, Lothar Streitstr. 9. BE91PEE, Walther, Dr. phil. et med. hon.
c; Geh. Hof-R.; Prof. d. anorg. Chem. an d. kgl. Techn. Hochsch.
Dresden. — * 5. V 1851 Pulsnitz. — Annen-Realgymn. u.
Polytechnikum Dresden; Univ. Berlin, Heidelberg. — Verh: 31. I 83
m. Luisa Delia Monks. — 72 Dr. phU.; 91 Prof. u. spät. Dir.d .anorg.
Labor, d. Techn. Hochsch. Dresden; 91/92 Rektor; 97 Dr. med. hon.
c. Leipzig. — W: Neue Methoden z. Analyse d. Gase 80; D.
Spießbratofen 84; Gasanalyt. Methoden 00; D. Behandig. d. MUch.
Mehr. a. 100 wiss. Abhdlg. versch. Inhalts. — Dresden, Zellesche
Straße 44. BEinPFIiVG. Karl, Ober-Präsidialrat d. Provinz Hannover.
— Hannover, Gretchenstraße 36. BE9IPTEN9IACBER. Theodor, Wirkt.
Geh. Ob. -Reg. -R., Staatskomnüssar b. d. Börse. — • 18. XII 1853
Berlin. — Gymn. Berlin, Univ. Heidelberg, Berlin. — Verh: 16. VIII
,79 m. Anna Robrecht. — 79 als Reg. -Ass. Eintr. in d. allg. Verwaltg.;
83 HUfsarb. im Fin.-Min., 86 Reg.-R.; 87 b. Polizei-Präs. BerUn; 91
Dirig. d. Bauabt.; 94 Oberverwaltungsger. -R. ; 97 Staatskommiss. b.
d. Berliner Börse u. Geh. Ob.-Reg.-R.; W. Geh. Ob.-Reg.-R. m. d.
Rang d. R. I. Kl. — Berlin W., Hildebrandtstr. 5. BEMPTINNE,
Hildebrand de, Abtprimas d. Benedictinerord., Collegio di Sant
Anselmo (Aventino). — * 10. VI 1849 in Gent. ■ — Dient« b. d.
Päpstl. Zuaven. — Eintr. in Beuron 69, Prior von Erdington (Engl.), 9.
VIII 90 Abt von Maredsous (Belg.), Abt Primas 12. VII 93; Erbauer d.
Kollegs S. Anselmo (Rom). — Rom. BEIVCKEE, Fürst v.
DONNERS9IARK, Gmdo G. F., Gf., Durchl., W. Geh.-R., erbl. M. d. Pr.
H.-H. s. 87; freier Standesherr, Erb-Ob.Landmundschenk im
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Verh: I. 28. X 71 m. Blanche verw. di Paiva, geb. Lachmann, t 84; II.
11. V 87 m. Katharina gesch. V. Murawiew, geb. v. Slepzow, * 16. 11
62. — K: Gf. Guido Otto • 23. V 88; Gf. Kraft • 12. III 90. — Fkherr.
auf Tarnowitz-Neudeck, Stifter u. Herr d. Fdk. ZygUn u. Repten, H.
d. Herrsch. Zabrze, d. Rrgüt. Kamin, Chropaczow u.
Schwientochlowitz, Kr. Beuthen u. Makoschau, Kr. Zabrze, Pr. (zus.
23 295 ha), d. Güt«r Tabkowice u. Dobierzowice (zus. 1125 ha),
Russ. -Polen, d. Herrsch. Lipowiec (3076
 563 Wer ist's? Henne am Rhyn ha), Galizien; E.-Kr. d. Joh.-
O.; Dr. Ing. hon. c. Hochsch. Charlottenburg. — Schloß Neudeck in
Ob.-Schles. HENCKEL., Hugo A. 1.. A., Graf Frhr. v. Donnersmarck,
Dr. jur. utr., kgl. pr. Ob. -Lt. a. D., hzgl. s.-kob. u. -goth. Hofjägermstr.
a. D., kgl. sächs. Ger. -Ass. a. D. — Jakobskirch b. Großglogau. Siehe
Jahrg. II. HENCKEL. Frhr. T. DONNERSMARCK, K. W. Viktor Gf., Dr.
jur., kgl. pr. Leg.-R. a. o. G. u. b. M., Rittmstr. d. Bes. — • 25. X 1854
Weimar. — V: Leo A. M. Gf. H., Frhr. V. D., großh. sächs. W. Geh.-R.,
Gen. -Lt. u. Gen.-Adj., t 95; M: Luisa v. Parry, Maj.-Herr. a.
Hirschhügel u. Herrin a. Spaal. — Verli: 30. VI 03 m. Marie Gfn. v.
Bassewitz, * 9. VIII 76. — 1. VI 80 Kammerger.-Bef., 82 2.
Botsch.Sekr. Konstantinopel, 84 St. Petersburg, 85 Bom; 86 — 90
Sekr. b. d. Gesandtsch. Haag, d. Leg.-B. Athen, 91 I. Botsch.-Sekr.
Madrid, 93 Konstantinopel, 96 Min.-Bes. Luxemburg, 98 Pr. Ges.
Oldenburg, 06 Kais. Ges. Kopenhagen. — Kopenhagen. HENCHELL,
Karl Fr., Dichter u. Schriftst. — * 17. IV 1864 Hannover. — V: Arnold
Heinrich H. t. Kfm., später Bentier; M: Bertha Piderit, T. d. Dr. Carl
Franz Theod. P., t Kurfürstl. hess. Hof- u. Garnisonprediger (1789 —
1848), später Archiv-B. in Kassel, Verfasser e. bek. Gesch. v. Hessen-
Kassel. — Kais. Wilhelm-Gymn. Hannover u. Lyc. Fridericianum
Kassel, Univ. Berlin, Heidelberg, München, Zürich. — Verh: 20. IV 97
m. Anny Haaf, T. V. Carl H.-Haller, Kfm., Bern; Nachk. m. S. d.
Dichters u. Naturf. Albrecht v. Haller 1708 — 1777. — Höh. Schule
Hannover, Kassel; Militärjahr in Hannover; Stud. d. neueren Sprach,
u. Lit. (s. o. !); langjähr. Aufenthalt in d. Schweiz (Lenzburg i.
Aargau, Zürich); 1. Aufenth. in Mailand u. Brüssel; begr. u. leitete 96
— 05 eig. Verlag; lebt jetzt als Schriftst. in Charlottenburg-Berlin. —
W: Poet. Skizzenb. 84; Strophen 87; Amselrufe 88; Diorama 89;
Trutznachtigall 91; Zwischenspiel 94; Gedichte, Ges.-Ausg. 98.;
Neues Leben 00; Gipfel u. Gründe 04; Mein Lied 06; Schwingungen
07; Dtsch. Dichter s. H. Heine 07; Hrsg. d. Sammelwerke: Mod.
Dichtercharaktere (m. ArentConradi) 85; Buch d. Freiheit 93;
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