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A Path Toward Gender Equality State Feminism in
Japan 1st Edition Yoshie Kobayashi Digital Instant
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Author(s): Yoshie Kobayashi
ISBN(s): 9780415947886, 041594788X
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Year: 2004
Language: english
 EAST ASIA
HISTORY, POLITICS, SOCIOLOGY,
CULTURE

Edited by
Edward Beauchamp
University of Hawaii

A ROUTLEDGE SERIES
 EAST ASIA: HISTORY, POLITICS,
SOCIOLOGY, CULTURE
EDWARD BEAUCHAMP, General Editor

JAPAN'S F OREIGN POLICY A POLITICAL ECONOMY

MATURATION ANALYSIS OF CHINA'S CIVIL
A Quest for Normalcy AVIATION INDUSTRY
Kevin J.Cooney Mark Dougan
ENGINEERING THE STATE THE BIBLE AND THE GUN
The Huai River and Christianity in South China, 1860–
Reconstruction in Nationalist 1900
China, 1927–1937 Joseph Tse-Hei Lee
David A.Pietz
AN AMERICAN EDITOR IN
JAPANESE DIRECT EARLY
INVESTMENT IN CHINA REVOLUTIONARY CHINA
Locational Determinants and John William Powell and the
Characteristics China Weekly/Monthly Review
John F.Cassidy Neil L.O'Brien
SHOKO-KEN BETWEEN SACRIFICE AND
A Late Medieval Daime Sukiya DESIRE
Style Japanese Tea-House National Identity and the
Robin Noel Walker Governing of Femininity in
Vietnam
FROM TRANSITION TO
Ashley Pettus
POWER ALTERNATION
Democracy in South Korea, 1987– NEW CULTURE IN A NEW
1997 WORLD
Carl J.Saxer The May Fourth Movement and
the democraticChinese Diaspora
HISTORY OF JAPANESE
in Singapore, 1919–1932
POLICIES IN EDUCATION AID
David L.Kenley
TO DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES, 1950s±1990s ALLIANCE IN ANXIETY
The Role of the Subgovernmental Détente and the Sino-American-
Processes Japanese Triangle
Takao Kamibeppu Go Ito
iii

STATE AND SOCIETY IN THE RENAISSANCE OF

CHINA'S TAKEFU
DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION How People and the Local Past
Confucianism, Leninism, and Changed the Civic Life of a
Economic Development Regional Japanese Town
Xiaoqin Guo Guven Peter Witteveen
IN SEARCH OF AN IDENTITY THE PROSPECTS FOR A
The Politics of History as a REGIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
School Subject in Hong Kong, MECHANISM IN EAST ASIA
1960s–2002 Hidetoshi Hashimoto
Edward Vickers
AMERICAN WOMEN
PITFALL OR PANACEA MISSIONARIES AT KOBE
The Irony of US Power in COLLEGE, 1873±1909
Occupied Japan, 1945–1952 New Dimensions in Gender
Yoneyuki Sugita Noriko Kawamura Ishii
iv
 A PATH TOWARD
GENDER EQUALITY
State Feminism in Japan

Yoshie Kobayashi

ROUTLEDGE
NEW YORK & LONDON
 Published in 2004 by
Routledge
29 West 35th Street
New York, NY 10001
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group.
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.
“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”
Copyright © 2004 Routledge
All right reserved. No part of this book may be printed or utilized in any form
or by any
electronic, mechanical or other means, now know or hereafter invented,
including
photocopying and recording, or any other information storage or retrieval
system, without
permission in writing from the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data

Kobayashi, Yoshie, 1955–
A path toward gender equality: state feminism in Japan/by Yoshie
Kobayashi.
p. cm.—(East Asia: history, politics, sociology, culture)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-415-94788-X
1. Women’s rights—Japan. 2. Women—Government policy—Japan. 3.
Women—Employment—Law and legislation—Japan. 4. Japan. Råodåoshåo.
Joseikyoku. I. Title. II. Series: East Asia (New York, N.Y)
HQ1236.5.J3K63 2003
305.42 ′0952—dc22 2003020797
Kobayashi, Yoshie.
A Path Toward Gender Equality: State Feminism in Japan

ISBN 0-203-57795-7 (Adobe eReader Format)

ISBN 0-203-50867-X Master e-book ISBN

ISBN: 0-415-94788- X (Print Edition)
 Table of Contents

LIST OF TABLES viii

LIST OF FIGURES ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS x
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xii

CHAPTER ONE Introduction 1

CHAPTER TWO Establishment of a Women’s Bureau 37
in Japan
CHAPTER THREE The Women’s Bureau’s 57
Ineffectiveness Prior to the
International Women’s Year
CHAPTER FOUR Departure from Politics of Protection: 77
Agenda-Setting Process
CHAPTER FIVE Mediator’s Role of the Women’s 99
Bureau: Activities in the Decision
Making for the 1986 EEOL
CHAPTER SIX Activity of the Women’s Bureau: 125
Amendment of the 1986 EEOL
CHAPTER SEVEN Conclusion 153

NOTES 175
BIBLIOGRAPHY 195
INDEX 217
 List of Tables

1. Women Members in the Local Assemblies from 1955–1999 8

2. Women in the Judicial Branch from 1977–2000 10
3. Women in Top Ranking Positions in Bureaucracy from 11
1975–1999
4. Women in Management Positions from 1977–1999 11
5. Distribution of Japanese Women Workers by Industrial 59
Sectors (1920–1990)
6. Outline of the 1986 EEOL 117
7. Application to the Mediation after the 1986 EEOL 134
8. Acquisition of Childcare Leave 137
9. Acquisition of Eldercare Leave in 1999 138
10. Comparison of the 1986 EEOL and the 1999 EEOL 146
 List of Figures

1. Change of Gender Consciousness from 1987–2000 6

2. Proportion of Women Members in the Diet from 1946–2001 7
3. Women Members in the Local Assemblies from 1955–1999 9
4. Women in the Judicial Branch from 1977–2000 10
5. Women in Top Positions in Bureaucracy from 1975–1999 12
6. Women in Management Positions from 1977–1999 12
7. Framework of Policymaking for the 1986 EEOL 120
 List of Abbreviations

Beijing JAC Beijing Japan Accountability Caucus

BMW Bureau of Women and Minors
CEDAW Convention on Elimination of All Forms of
Discrimination Against Women
CSW Commission on the Status of Women of the United
Nations
DSP Democratic Socialist Party
EEOL Equal Employment Opportunity Law
EOMC Equal Opportunity Mediation Commission
GCTU General Council of Trade Unions (Sōhyo)
HC House of Councilors
HR House of Representatives
ILO International Labor Organization
IWY International Women’s Year
JCCI Japan Chambers of Commerce and Industry
JCL Japan Confederation of Labor (Dōmei)
JCP Japan Communist Party
JFEA Japan Federation of Employers Association
JLWV Japanese League of Women Voters
JSP Japan Socialist Party
LDP Liberal Democratic Party
LSL Labor Standard Law
MOFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs
MOL Ministry of Labor
MOWL Ministry of Welfare and Labor
 xi

NGO Non-Government Organization

NLRWO National League of Regional Women’s Organization
NOW National Organization of Women
NPO Non-profit organization
OJT On-the-job training
OWA Office for Women’s Affairs of the Prime Minister’s
Office
PMO Prime Minister’s Office
RNGS Research Network on Gender, Politics, and State
SGE Section of Gender Equality
SWL Subcommittee of Women’s Labor
TCCI Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and Industry
UN United Nations
 Acknowledgments

I am indebted to many individuals and institutions for help with the writing
of the dissertation on which this book is based. Singled out first for thanks
are five professors at the University of Hawaii, Manoa, who assisted me in
shaping the content of my study. I am especially grateful to Yasumasa
Kuroda, who supervised my dissertation and provided me essential
intellectual and moral support and advice throughout the project. In a
variety of ways, Kathy Ferguson’s insightful criticism, comments, and
copious and tireless editing during the dissertation process monitored the
direction and clarified my arguments. James Dator and Kate Zhou were
sources of substantive insight and personal encouragement throughout this
dissertation project. I was also privileged to benefit from Takie S.Lebra’s
expertise in connecting a theoretical scheme with empirical findings. I also
thank them for their support during my graduate school years. I appreciate
the institutional support at the University of Hawaii, Manoa—the
Department of Political Science and the Center for Japanese Studies.
I gratefully acknowledge academic support from teachers of my
undergraduate and master programs, although they were not directly
involved in this work. For his comments and advice, I would like to express
appreciation to Tanaka Yasumasa, who was my advisor of political science
in Gakushuin University, Tokyo, and encouraged me to study in graduate
programs in the United States. I also appreciate Youngtae Shin at the
University of Central Oklahoma, who introduced me to the magnificent
scope of gender politics, and has always been an enlightened teacher and a
solid supporter.
Many people also supported my research in Japan. I would like to thank
the Institute of Social Science at the University of Tokyo with institutional
support. I also appreciate the kindness and guidance I received from Ōsawa
Mari and Tabata Hirokuni, who were my sponsors during my affiliation
with the SSI. All those I interviewed gave generously of themselves in
conversations that invariably went over the time requested. Each interview
 xiii

contributed in an important way to my understanding of state feminism in

Japan. I appreciate critical comments of the Japanese EEOL from Asakura
Mutsuko, the Tokyo Metropolitan University, Iwamoto Misako, the
University of Mie, Aiuchi Masak, Mokkai Asahi Gakuen University, Ōgai
Tokuko, a most estimable independent researcher on gender politics in
Japan, and Kuroiwa Yoko and other female lawyers.
I also thank for critiques and insightful comments on my presentation of
state feminism in Japan from the chairperson, discussants and other
panelists of the Special Session of Women and Politics of the American
Political Science Association on August 28, 2001. I appreciate Joyce Gelb
at the University of City of New York for providing me with edifying and
constructive advice and comments since I met her at this conference and
during the time when I worked for her as a research assistant in Tokyo.
Special thanks go to an ex-bureaucrat, Moriyama Mayumi. My first
conversation with her in 1998 in her parliamentary office gave me a hint
that not only state-society relationship but also two-level-analysis of
international and domestic politics offer important keys to the patterns of
gender politics in Japan. She kindly shared her precious time as a Minister
of Justice to grant me an interview in October 2001 and July 2002. Without
the conversations with her, this book could not have been produced.
Finally, I want to extend special thanks to my friends and family in Japan
for their support. Especially, I thank for my parents who had given me
unremitting encouragement to finish my Ph.D. program. While writing this
book, I was always thinking about my parents’ sisters, Fumiko Kobayashi,
Kazue and Tomoko Goto, who had lost their lives at the young ages in
Tokyo only five months before the end of the war and belonged to the same
age cohort as the first-generation women bureaucrats in Japan such as
Moriyama Mayumi and Akamatsu Ryoko. I would like to dedicate this
book to my three aunts, who could not see active engagement of Japanese
women in policymaking for improving women’s status and rights.
xiv
 Chapter One
Introduction

In April 1986, the Women’s Bureau of the Ministry of Labor managed to

enact the first gender equality law formulated mainly by Japanese women.
The decision-making process of the Equal Employment Opportunity Law
(the 1986 EEOL)1 has been considered one of the most arduous decision-
making processes in Japanese political history because the bill met with
fierce opposition not only from male employers and the political elite but
also from conservative and leftist Japanese women. They criticized the law
because it lacked any enforcement power and generated a peculiar women’s
employment system that made discriminatory treatment of women more
invisible, while depriving Japanese women workers of protective measures.
It took more than eight years to enact the bill. However, ten years later
when the Women’s Bureau amended the 1986 EEOL to strengthen its
enforcement provision, the women bureaucrats met less opposition from
male employers and female workers as well as activists, who strongly had
resisted the legislation in the 1970s and 80s. The change in the processes of
decision-making for the EEOL of 1986 and 1999 poses a question of
whether the state exerts influence on gender relations in society through its
laws and policy. We have already known that modern democratic society
impacts state policies through actions such as social movements (McAdam
1979, 1982, 1996, 1999; Tarrow 1983, 1989, 1991; 1994a, 1994b, 1994c,
1995, 1998; Tilly 1978, 1983). However, we do not know well if and how
states affect gender relations in society. Does a state have feminist goals
such as increase of women’s rights and improvement of their status? Or is a
state hiding their intention to increase national income by granting women
equal opportunity that mobilizes women to employment? If the state
attempted to improve the gender relations in the society, what roles would a
state institute have and how would it improve gender relations? This study
solves these puzzles by exploring the activities of the state, in particular, the
governmental institution for women, in rectifying gender inequality in the
post-war Japan.
2 A PATH TOWARD GENDER EQUALITY

This introductory chapter has three objectives. The first is to explain why
I chose activities of the women’s bureau as the research targets for this
book. In this section, increases in the significance of women’s policy
agencies in democratic industrial states from international and domestic
perspectives and the Japanese women’s bureau are described. The second
purpose is to examine the validity of a theory of state feminism, which
predicts that a state institute could rectify gender discrimination and then
could improve gender relations in the society, by comparing the other
theories. The third aim is to propose an analytical framework to examine
whether and how the state rectifies gender inequality. The above gives a
rough framework of the book.

WOMEN’S POLICY AGENCIES

The addition of women’s policy agencies for promoting gender equality in
democratic industrial states and their growing significance attracted me to
consider whether the state can impact gender relations in a male-dominant
society, particularly in Japan. The significance of the state institutions for
women has increased through national and international pressures.
Domestic political leaders now are unable to ignore women’s issues. Since
the 1970s women’s voting rate has exceeded the men’s one. The gender gap
in elections has been conspicuous not only in the United States (Flammang
1997; Inglehart and Norris 1999) but also Japan (Kubo and Gelb 1995). A
number of women’s groups such as the National Organization of Women in
the United States (NOW) and the Beijing JAC in Japan have adopted a new
women’s strategy, which attempts to change policies and enact new policies
to improve gender relations in society through lobbying activities by
women’s groups. The increasing demands from women’s groups and
women per se has forced domestic political leaders to take actions including
establishment of a governmental agency for women’s issues (Stetson,
1995). Domestic political leaders also receive international pressure mainly
emanated from the United Nations (UN) and its efforts. The Commission on
the Status of Women (CSW) of the United Nations, in the 1960s coined the
phrase: ‘women’s policy machinery for the advancement of women’ in
order to promote institutionalization of an agency, which aims at improving
women’s status by identifying the needs of women in various situations.
The UN has become more ambitious about improving women’s status since
the International Women’s Decade (1975–1985) began. The establishment
of ‘women’s policy machinery’ for women’s issues by each member state
was confirmed in ‘the Nairobi Forward-Looking strategies for the
Advancement of Women issued at the third international women’s
 INTRODUCTION 3

conference in 1985. Moreover, the UN’s Convention for the Elimination of

Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) requires signatory states to file
periodic reports with the oversight committee on the “legislative, judicial,
administrative, or other measures which they have adopted to give effect to
the provisions of the convention” (Article 18). Each government, which
signed the CEDAW in 1985, has submitted reports of activities of the
‘women’s policy machinery’ and women’s policies to the CSW every two
years. Thus, international influence can promote establishment of the
national policy agency for women, while the agency can utilize this
international influence to implement women’s policy as a tool, which gives
its policies international legitimacy.

Women’s Policy Agencies in Japan

The Women’s Bureau in the Ministry of Labor was the main women’s
policy agency in Japan during the period 1947–20002, which had been in
charge of improving Japanese women’s legal status. This Japanese
women’s policy machinery has a unique history that no other agency in the
world holds. It was established within the Ministry of Labor under the
American military occupation as one of the measures to democratize the
prewar Japan political system even before the UN’s initiative to institute it
in government. The bureau was called ‘The Women and Minors Bureau
(Fujin Shōnen kyoku)’ from 1947 to 1984, ‘The Women’s Bureau (Fujin
kyoku)’ between 1984 and 1997, and ‘The Women’s Bureau (Josei kyoku)’
between 1997 and 2001. The initial members were not bureaucrats, but
feminist activists from the pre-war period, who were appointed by
consensus between the American Occupation forces and Japanese
government. Three years after the establishment, the first woman
bureaucrats, who passed an examination for high-ranking government
officials, entered the bureau. In 1975, when the first woman bureaucrat had
assumed the directorship and the International Decade for women started,
its policy focus turned from providing special protection to women to
guaranteeing equality for women. The bureau then became the major
women’s policy agency aiming at promoting gender equality in the
Japanese society, although its policies have never been completely oriented
toward gender equality. In 1984, the bureau removed the term of ‘Minors’
from its name and concentrated its policy target on women and women
workers in Japan. In 1997, the Japanese name of the Women’s Bureau
(Fujinkyoku) was renamed to Joseikyoku because the term of fujin refers to
a woman having a broom (fulltime housewife). The name was used until
2000 when the Ministry of Labor was merged with the Ministry of Welfare.
4 A PATH TOWARD GENDER EQUALITY

Now, the bureau is known as the Equal Employment, Children and Families
Bureau of the Ministry of Welfare and Labor, which revised their duties to
improving working conditions for women and men workers with
compatibility between working and family responsibilities (MOWL 2001).
Instead, the Office for Gender Equality (Danjo kyōdō sankaku shitsu) was
established within the Cabinet Office (Naikaku-fu) and has been in charge of
furthering women’s status (CO 2001). In this book, I use the term, ‘The
Women’s Bureau’ for the agencies for women of the Ministry of Labor in
order to avoid confusion among the several names.
Alienation of female bureaucrats in the “hostile, male culture” has been
ubiquitous in democratic industrial states in spite of an increasing number
of women bureaucrats (Flammang 1997, 207). Masculinity might
characterize Japanese bureaucracy more than in any other democratic
industrial states.3 The Women’s Bureau is not exceptional. It belonged to
the Ministry of Labor, which was marginalized within the government.
Among the bureaus of the Ministry of Labor, the Women’s Bureau was
marginalized and was provided the smallest budget and personnel. In spite
of its marginalization and vulnerability within the bureaucracy, its
jurisdiction expanded from protection of women workers to improvement
of Japanese women’s status, which could not be implemented without
intervention of policies in other bureaus and ministries. Hence, the
institutional power of the Women’ Bureau had been limited in terms of
policymaking. Yet, the Women’s bureau of the Ministry of Labor cannot be
characterized as a merely victim of the masculinity of Japanese bureaucracy.
This bureau, since its inception, has involved a quantitative as well as
qualitative4 predominance of women. Moreover, while climbing the
bureaucratic ladder from rank-file positions inside and outside of the
Women’s Bureau, the elite women here could acquire bureaucratic skills
and networks, which are necessary to negotiate with male counterparts.5
Thus, this weak institutional power together with individual aspiration and
capability provided strong incentives to enact a gender equal law to the
Women’s Bureau, but produced two pieces of legislation: the 1986 EEOL
and its amendment in 1999, which are losing strong enforcement power.

Equal Employment Opportunity Law of 1986

and 1999
The 1986 EEOL went through one of the most arduous decision-making
processes and became a controversial law in the latter half of the twentieth
century in Japan. For women bureaucrats, enactment of a gender equality
law was “an earnest wish since the establishment of the Women’s Bureau”
 INTRODUCTION 5

(Shinoda 1986, 98). Therefore, the Women’s Bureau initially intended to

prohibit all sex discrimination against women (Ibid.). The political decision-
making started with the establishment of the Subcommittee on Women’s
Employment of the Deliberative Council on Women and Minors’ Problems
under supervision of the Women’s Bureau in the spring of 1978. Although
the discussions in the subcommittee made very slow progress, ratification
of the CEDAW gave the Women’s Bureau a chance to facilitate the
decision-making process for the equal opportunity employment law to meet
the requirements of the treaty. Yet, the discussion at the advisory council
soon reached a stalemate because of a clash between female representatives
of labor unions, who desired to preserve protective measures for women,
and male representatives of employers’ side, who demanded removal of the
protective measures in exchange for equal treatment. Consequently, the
subcommittee could not bring the negotiations to a successful conclusion
and left it to the Women’s Bureau. The women bureaucrats resolved the
clash interests by making compromises with the subcommittee members
and the male political and business elites. The EEOL was finally enacted in
1986, but lacked teeth, that is, enforcement power. It could have included
penalties for discriminating against women based on their sex, but it rested
largely on the goodwill of employers. Failure to enact a more effective law
resulted in a large amount of criticism against not only the 1986 EEOL per
se but also the Women’s Bureau from not only working women but also
academia and the mass media (Mikanagi 1998, 1999; Tanaka 1994, 1995;
Ueno 1994).
The 1986 EEOL had only limited effects upon gender discrimination in
employment and might have created more difficult conditions for Japanese
women (Brown 1988; Lam 1993; Mikanagi 1998, 1999). The criticism
raised significant questions of whether the activities of the Women’s
Bureau had been beneficial to Japanese women, whether women’s policy
machinery can work for betterment of gender relations in society, and
whether top-down decision-making by the women’s policy agency caused
the sloppy legislation. However, the 1986 EEOL produced unexpected
effect on gender relations in Japanese society.

Effects of the 1986 EEOL

Some scholars argue that the 1986 EEOL, while being criticized as
symbolic legislation, aroused greater consciousness of gender inequality in
society and ultimately, changed social values toward gender relations, and
raised political and economic participation of women in Japan (Gelb 2000;
Lam 1992; Molony 1995). Statistical data and public opinion data also
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 381 with the attempt

to make Donald Dubh Lord of the Isles, and was for this offence
summoned before Parliament in 1505. He does not appear, however,
to have endured any definite punishment. In 1515 he was concerned
in the insurrection of Sir Donald Gallda of Lochalsh, but having made
his submission to the Government, he, with others, received a
special protection under the Great Seal as being servants and "
familiars " of Argyll. The Clanranaldbane again supported Sir Donald
when he rose in 1517. Donald of Largie died shortly after this, and
having left no legitimate male issue, he was succeeded by his
brother, III. ALEXANDER. He had been associated with his older
brother in various events, already referred to, and there is little of a
distinctive nature to chronicle regarding him. It is probable that he
did not survive Donald by very many years. His death would have
taken place circa 1525. Alexander was succeeded by his son, IV.
DONALD. In 1531 Donald was, with the chief of the Claim Iain Mhoir,
summoned before Parliament for treason, but Alexander of Dunny
veg having risen into favour, the proceedings against Donald of
Largie were abandoned. In 1542 he and his son and heir and others
of the Clanranaldbane received a remission from the Council for
treasonably abiding from the Raid of Solway. In 1549 the
Clanranaldbane, with the rest of the Claim Iain Mhoir, were at feud
with the MacNeills of Kintyre, and slaughters were committed on
both sides. Donald of Largie died about 1550. He married, and had
two sons— 1. John, his successor. 2, Alexander. He had two sons —
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382 THE CLAN DONALD. (A) Hector, who afterwards

succeeded. (B) John, who had a son, Archibald, through whom the
succession, afterwards went on. Donald was succeeded by his older
son, V. JOHN. He appears on record during his father's time. He is in
evidence in 1539, and in 1566 we find him witnessing a Deed by
MacNeill of Gigha to James Macdonald of Dunnyveg and the Glens.
He died about 1570. without leaving; heirs o of his body, when the
succession devolved upon his nephew, VI. HECTOR MACALISTER of
Largie, who in 1587 appears under that designation. He succeeded
in right of his father, Alexander, son of Donald 4th of Largie, now
deceased. He died about 1590. Leaving no legal heirs, he was
succeeded as head of the house of Largie by VII. ARCHIBALD, son
of John, nephew of Hector. He received the heritage in right of his
father, now deceased. He appears on record in 1592 as Archibald
Macdonald of Largie, and in 1597 as Gilleasbuig Mac Vic Alastair of
the Largie. - He was one of the Clann Iain Mhoir consulted by Angus
of Dunnyveg when he made over his estates to Sir James, his son, in
1596, when his name is recorded as Gilleasbuig McEvvin VcAllister of
Largie. He received in 1600 a charter of certain lands in Kintyre, long
previously possessed by himself and his family, and then in the
hands of the Crown through forfeiture of Angus of Dunnyveg. These
lands were at the same time erected into the tenandry of Largie. He
was one of those ordered to exhibit their title deeds to Lord Scone,
Comptroller in 1605, and he is mentioned first in the Roll of Tenants
of Kintyre, made up at Kinloch, Kil 
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 383 kerran, that year.

He married Annabella, daughter of Angus of Dunny veg, and had
three sons— 1. Alexander, who succeeded. 2. Allan. 3. John. He died
shortly after 1605, and was succeeded by his oldest son — VIII.
ALEXANDER. In 1609 he was ordered to find caution in £2000 that
he would not harbour any of the rebellious Islesmen. In 1611 he was
one of the Commissioners appointed for trying the resetters of the
Clan Macgregor. He did not join in Sir James's Rising of 1615, which
year the Earl of Argyll became bound for his appearance before the
Council whenever charged upon fifteen days' warning. In 1619 he is
bound in £2000 for the behaviour of himself and tenants. He and his
brother Allan were securities for the good behaviour of Coll
MacGillespick in 1620. Alexander got himself served heir to his father
Archibald in 1627. He had two sons— 1. Angus, his successor. 2.
Donald, afterwards Tutor of Largie. He had a daughter, Margaret,
who appears on record in 1700. He died in 1639, and was succeeded
by his older son, IX. ANGUS. He joined Montrose in the Civil War,
and was at the burning of Inverary in 1647. That year he was with
Alastair Mac Colla when he made his last stand at Tarbet, Kintyre,
and had to retire before Sir David Leslie and the forces of the
Government. He was first Captain of the Regiment that went to
Ireland in 1648 under Alastair Mac Colla, and of which Donald,
younger of Clanranald, was Lieutenant-Colonel He was forfeited by
the
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384 THE CLAN DONALD. Committee of Estates in 1649, and

his property given to the Marquis of Argyll. In 1661, after the
Restoration, he was one of the Commissioners in Argyll for
regulating the uplifting and ordering of the monies levied for the
service of the Crown. That same year an Act was passed rescinding
his pretended forfeiture. He was a Commissioner of Supply in 1667,
and was served heir to his father in 1669. This latter year he got
sasine from Argyll of the island of Cara, as possessed by his
deceased father, Alexander Macdonald of Largie. He married, and
had two sons— 1. Archibald, who succeeded. 2. John, who
succeeded Archibald. 3. A daughter, who married Rev. Angus
Macdonald, minister of South Uist, known as the Ministear Laidear.
We have no precise data for fixing the date of the death of Angus
Macdonald of Largie, but it must have been before 1687, for in that
year there appears on record his older son and successor, X.
ARCHIBALD MACDONALD of Largie. He was a minor at the time of
his father's death, when the affairs of the family were administered
by Donald, his uncle, and younger son of Alexander 8th of Largie.
Under the direction of his tutor, he took part in Dundee's Rising in
1689, followed by 200 men from Kintyre. The Tutor of Largie fell at
the battle of Killiecrankie, and, according to some authorities, the
young chief of Largie himself was slain. This latter statement may
very well be true, and it is certain in any case that he died young,
nor does his name afterwards appear on record. He was succeeded
as head of Largie by his brother, XL JOHN. We find him in August,
1689, along with 50 other Highland gentlemen, signing a Bond
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 385 of Association at

Blair- Athole pledging themselves to the service of King James. He
was served heir to his father in 1698, arid was a Commissioner of
Supply in 1704. He died in 1710. John, llth of Largie, married, and
was succeeded by his son, XEI. JOHN. In 1712 a summons was
issued against him by his uncle by marriage, Rev. Angus Macdonald,
minister of South Uist, to have himself served heir to his father and
his uncle Archibald. We are not informed as to the issue, or whether
the service was duly executed. John, 12th of Largie, died in 1729.
He was succeeded by his son, XIII. JOHN, who was served heir to
his father on 17th January, 1730. He married Elizabeth, only
daughter of John Macleod of Muiravonside, by whom he had one
daughter, also named Elizabeth. On 3rd April, 1763. he executed a
Deed of Entail, by which his estates devolved upon heirs general.
John Macdonald of Largie died in 1768, arid was succeeded in terms
of her father's disposition by his daughter, XIV. ELIZABETH. In 1784
she succeeded her uncle, Alexander Macleod of Muiravonside, as
heiress of his estates. On 17th August, 1762, she married Charles
Lockhart, third son of Lockhart of Carnwath, with issue— 1. John,
who died at the siege of Mangalore, without issue, and seems to
have predeceased his mother. 2. James, who succeeded. 3.
Alexander, who succeeded James. 4. Norman, a W.S. He married and
had issue — (a) Alexander, (6) John Innes Crawford, (c) Charles
George Norman, (d) Norman Philip, (e) Archibald Macmurdo, (/)
Jane MacNeill : she married H. D. Macmurdo, and had a daughter
Elizabeth ; (g) Elizabeth, (h) Philadelphia Mary Barbara. 25
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386 THE CLAN DONALD 5. Elizabeth, who married (1st)

Macneil of Dunmore, with out issue ; (2nd) W. B. McCabe, with
issue. 6. Clementina. 7. Matilda, married J. Campbell of Saddell, with
issue John of Glensaddell. 8. Charlotte Sarah. 9. Mary. 10.
Euphernia. 11. Aunabella. Charles Lockhart, husband of Elizabeth
14th of Largie, assumed the name of Macdonald. Elizabeth died on
1st August, 1787, and was succeeded by her oldest surviving son,
XV. JAMES. He was killed at Dunkirk in 1793, and left no issue. He
was succeeded by his younger brother, XVI. ALEXANDER. He was
served heir to his mother and grandfather in 1793. He succeeded to
the Lee and Carnwath Estates in 1802, when he resumed his
paternal na.me of Lockhart, and was created a Baronet in 1806. He
died on 22nd June, 1816. He married, and had— 1. Sir Charles. 2.
Sir Norman. 3. Alexander. 4. Esther Charlotte Sarah. He was
succeeded by his oldest son, XVII. Sir CHARLES MACDONALD
LOCKHART. He married, and had two daughters— 1. Mary Jane. 2.
Emilia Olivia. He died 8th December, 1832, and was succeeded by
his older daughter, XVIII. MARY JANE. She married, 15th September,
1837, the Hon. Augustine Henry Moreton, second son of Thomas,
1st Earl of Ducie, who assumed the name of Macdonald. She died on
10th
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JOHN MACDONALD OF LARGIE. \X

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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 387 December, 1851,

and her husband on 14th February, 1862. They had1. Charles
Moreton, born 12th July, 1840. 2. Augustine Henry, Captain in the
Coldstream Guards. He married, 25th July, 1874, Anna Harriet Mary,
oldest daughter of Sir Richard Sutton, Bart., with issue. Mary Jane
Macdonald of Largie was succeeded by her son, XIX. CHARLES
MORETON. He married Elizabeth Hume, daughter of Archibald
Campbell, Esq. of Glendaruel, Argyll. Issue— 1. John Ranald
Moreton. 2. Esther. Charles died 16th July, 1879, and was succeeded
by XX. JOHN RANALD MORETON MACDONALD, the present Laird of
Largie. THE MACDONALDS OF SANDA. This branch of the Clan Iain
Mhoir is descended from Angus, the youngest son of John
Cathanach of Dunnyveg, known as Aonghas fleach.1 He and his
brother, Alexander, found a refuge in the Antrim glens when their
grandfather, father, and three brothers, were executed in Edinburgh
in 1499. When his brother was restored to his inheritance in Kintyre
he bestowed upon Angus the lands of Sanda, Machaireoch, and
others, in Southend, in all extending to £16 lands of old extent.
Angus was associated with the rest of the Clann Iain Mhoir in their
campaigns in Ireland and elsewhere in that stirring time in the
history of their house. In 1535 he was outlawed for not appearing to
stand his trial 1 If he was born and brought up in Isla, that explains
why he was called " Ileach" in Kintyre, where the home of his later
days wa« situated.
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388 THE CLAN DONALD. before the High Court of Justiciary

for alleged piracy and slaughter committed against some citizens in
Glasgow trading with the North of Ireland. Angus Ileach was killed
fighting with his nephew, James Macdonald of Dunnyveg, against
Shane O'Neil in 1565. He left three sons— 1. Archibald, who
succeeded him. 2. John, who, in 1556, received from James
Macdonald of Dunnyveg a grant of lands in Arran, known as
Tenpenny lands, with the bailiary. 3. Ranald. Ranald is frequently
mentioned in the Irish State Papers of the period as having taken
part in the struggles of the Clan Iain Mhoir, He had three sons,
Angus, John, and Alexander. When the Macdonalds lost their hold in
Kintyre and Isla early in the 17th century, many of them were
scattered over the territories of the clan both in Ireland and in the
Highlands. Angus, the son of Ranald, found his way to North Uist,
while another of the brothers settled in Skye. Angus in time received
a tack of the lands of Dunskellor, and others, in Sand, from Sir
Donald Macdonald of Sleat, the proprietor. Angus married a daughter
of Maclean of Boreray, Chamberlain of North Uist, and had, among
others — (1) Neil, who succeeded his father at Dunskellor, and
married Mary, daughter of John Macleod of Gesto, and had by her —
(2) Norman. He received a tack of the lands of Grenetote from Sir
James Macdonald, and married Mary, daughter of Neil Ban Maclean
of Boreray, and Anne, daughter of Alexander Mackenzie of Kilcoy,
and had by her — (3) Neil, who succeeded his father at Grenetote,
and married Catherine, daughter of Alexander Macdonald of Heisker
and Balranald (Catriona Nighean Alastair Bhain 'ic Iain 'ic Uisdein),
son of John Macdonald of Griminish, and Flora, daughter of Ranald
Macdonald of Benbecula, son of Allan Macdonald of Clanranald. By
her he had —
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:. Archibald Macdonald of Saiula. 3. John Macdouald of

Saiida. !. John Macdonald of Sanda. 4. Sir John Macdonald of Sanda.
5. Arch. Macdouell of Barisdale.
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 389 (4) Neil, who

succeeded his father at Grenetote, and married Catherine, daughter
of Donald Macdonald of Trumisgarry, and by her had, among others,
Angus and Rachael. Rachael, who was a poetess of considerable
reputation, composed many pieces of great merit, only a few of
which remain, the best known being " Oran Fir Heisgir," " Orau narn
Fiadh," and a hymn, " Asluiug air Staid au anma," an imperfect
version of which was published in Donald Macleod's Collection in
1811. (5) Angus, who leaving Grenetote, removed to Liniclate,
Benbecula, and married Flora, daughter of Donald MacRury, and
Marion (Mor Nighean Neill 'ic Iain Mhoir Ghesto), daughter of Neil,
son of John Macleod, 8th of Gesto, and had — (6) Roderick,
Cunambuintag, Benbecula, who died in 1885 at the age of 102. He
married, first, Catherine, daughter of Donald Macdonald of
Daliburgh, and had a son, James, who was educated in Edinburgh
for the ministry of the Church of Scotland, and died in 1836. He
married, secondly, Catherine, daughter of Captain John Ferguson,
and had (a) Donald ; (6) John Norman, who, after a distinguished
career at Glasgow University, became Minister of the Parish of
Harris. A scholarly man of wide and varied culture, he left a large
number of valuable MSS., dealing principally with the history, lore,
and poetry of the Outer Islands. He died in March, 1868, in the 39th
year of his age. (c) Angus; (c/) Alexander; (e) James; (/) Norman ;
(g] John ; (h) Flora, who married Duncan Robertson, with issue,
Sheriff John Robertson, and others ; (i} Marion ; (j) Mary, who
married the Rev. Donald Mackay, Minister of the Parish of Knock, and
had (a1) Dr Roderick Mackay, in practice in Yorkshire, who married
Ethel, daughter of Dr Hoyle, and has Donald George Somerled ; (b1)
Rev. Norman Donald Mackay, Minister of the Parish of Nigg ; (c1)
Catherine Hughina ; (dl) Jessie ; (e1) Jemima ; (fl) Isabella.
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390 THE CLAN DONALD. (7) James Macdonald, Griminish,

who married Mary MacRury, and has Angus, Minister of the Parish of
Killearnan, who married, tirst, Mai'ion, daughter of Charles Macleod,
Scotus, and has — (A) James William, born March 29th, 181)1. (B)
Charles Somerled, born January 3rd, 1893. He married, secondly,
Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander Hector of Burnside, St Cyrus, and
widow of John Munro of Lemlair, and has — (c) Ranald ^Eneas
Hector, born September 22nd, 1903. 4. Agnes, who married Magnus
O'Connell. Angus Macdonald of Sanda was succeeded by his eldest
son, II. ARCHIBALD. He was with his cousin, Alastair Og Macdonald,
in Clandeboy at the time Shane O'Neill took refuge with the Scots,
and was the principal author of Shane's death in revenge for that of
his father, Angus Ileach. He was one of the principal men of the
Claim Iain Mhoir, who, along with Angus Macdonald of Dunnyveg,
was ordered to deliver to the Earl of Argyll the eight hostages of
Lachlan Maclean of Duart. He appears frequently on record as
Archibald Macdonald of Machaireoch in the latter half of the 1 6th
century. On 13th January, 1591, he appears at Kothesay witnessing
a bond between Angus Macdonald of Dunnyveg and Campbell of
Cawdor. He had two sons — 1. Alastair Og, who succeeded him. 2.
Angus, known as Aonyhas Ileach, styled in a rental of Kintyre Angus
Macdonald of Knockreoch. Archibald died in 1594, and was
succeeded by his son, III. ALEXANDER. He also played a
conspicuous part in the stirring clan drama of the time. He was left
in command of Sorley Buy's forces in the Glens,
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 391 when that leader

went to solicit aid from his brother, James, against the O'Neills and
others. He was given as a hostage by Angus Macdonald of Dunnyveg
for the observance of certain conditions agreed on between him and
the Government on his liberation from Edinburgh Castle. In the roll
taken of the occupiers of Kintyre in 1605, he is called Alastair Og
Macdonald of Tirargus. Being in charge of the Castle of Dunnyveg in
August, 1607, he refused to deliver it to the Earl of Argyll, for which
treasonable disobedience he received in May, 1608, through the
interest of Lord Ochiltree, a remission under the Privy Seal.
Alexander, who died in 1618, was succeeded by his son, IV.
ARCHIBALD, known as Gilleasbuig Mar. In 1619 he was served heir
to his grandfather in the lands of Sand a, Machaireoch, and others.
He took part in the civil war, under Montrose, in 1645. He married
Christina Stewart, of the family of Bute, and had a son, Archibald,
known as Gilleasbuig Og, who, in the ordinary course of events,
would have succeeded, but both father and son fell in the Massacre
of Dunaverty in 1647. Archibald was succeeded by his grandson, the
son of Archibald Og, V. RANALD, who was an infant at the time of
the massacre, and is said to have been saved by the devotion of a
nurse, who carried him away by stealth from the scene of the
atrocity, and placed him in the custody of his kinsfolk, the Stewarts
of Bute, in which family he was reared. In 1661, when Ranald was
about 14 years of age, there was a general reversion of forfeitures,
and in the special Act of Parliament restoring his estate to him
reference is made to the services rendered by his
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392 THE CLAN DONALD. grandfather, Archibald Macdonald

of Sanda, to the royal cause, by joining in arms with the Marquis of
Montrose, while his lands were " brooked and enjoyed " by the
Marquis of Argyll and Alexander MacNaughton of Dundarave. In
1669 Ranald resigned his lands in favour of Archibald, Earl of Argyll.
These were a part of the lands of St Ninian's, namely, Machereoch
and Gartnacopag, Knonkmurrill, Kilnosuchan, Blastil and Edwin,
Penlachna and Isle of Sanda, Drimore, Penniseirack, Achroy,
Balligriggan — all in Kintyre. The Earl, " that he may put an
obligation on the said Ranald Macdonald and his heirs in all time,"
dispones to him in feu the same lands. Ranald married Anne,
daughter of Sir Dougald Stewart, and sister of James, 1st Earl of
Bute, and had by her — 1. Archibald, his successor. 2. Alexander,
who had a sasiue of the lands of Kilcolumkill in 1694. He had a son,
James, who was served heir to his father in 1752. Ranald died
September 6th, 1681, and was buried in the Sanda burying place in
Kilcolumkill. in the parish of Southend. His wife died January 12th,
1732, aged 74, and was buried with her husband. Ranald was
succeeded by his son, VI. ARCHIBALD. He married Helen, daughter
of David Cunningham, Thornton, in Ayrshire, being the present
residence of the family. He had by her one son. Archibald died in
1750, and was succeeded by his only son, VII. JOHN. He married
Penelope, daughter of John Mackinnon, Younger of Mackinnon, and
had by her — 1. Archibald, his successor. 2. John, who succeeded
his brother. ' 3. Robert.
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 393 John died in

1786, and was succeeded by his son, VIII. ARCHIBALD, who was an
advocate at the Scottish Bar. In the absence of his cousin, John
Macdonald of Clanranald, abroad in 1794, he was appointed one of
his commissioners. Archibald died unmarried in 1796, and was
succeeded by his brother, IX. JOHN. He was for many years
Comptroller of Customs at Borrowstouness, and lived latterly at
Carriden, Linlithgow. He married Cecilia Maria Kinneir, daughter of
General Douglas, by Cecilia Kinneir of Kinneir. By her he had— 1.
John, his successor. 2. William, who succeeded his brother. 3.
Archibald, who was born Nov. 13, 1786, a Captain, R.N. He married
Harriet Cox, and had by her — (A) John, General, H.E.I.C.S., who
died in Canada. (B) Archibald, Captain, H.E.I.C.S. (c) William. (D)
Donald, Captain, H.E.I.C.S. Killed at Meerut in 1857. (B) Alexander
Somerled, an officer in the Royal Marines, (p) Clementina Malcolm.
(G) Harriet. (H) Amelia, who married George Trevor- Roper, of Rock
Ferry, Cheshire. 4. David, Captain in the Indian Navy. 5. Alexander,
Captain in the Indian Army, and was for some time Political Agent at
Mhow, Bengal. 6. Douglas, who married Patrick Hadow, of St
Andrews, with issue. 7. Cecilia. 8. Flora. 9. Penelope. John
Macdonald of Sanda died in 1797, and was succeeded by his son, X.
SIR JOHN MACDONALD. He afterwards assumed the name of Kinneir
in addition to his own. He was born at Carriden, Linlithgow, Feb 
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394 THE CLAN DONALD. ruary 3rd, 1782, and, in 1802, was
nominated to a Cadetship by Sir William Bensley. In 1804 he was
appointed Ensign in the Madras Infantry, and became Captain in
1818. He afterwards attained the rank of Lieut. -Colonel. He was
attached to Sir John Malcolm's mission in Persia in 1808-9. He
published "Travels in Asia Minor" in 1813-14. He was appointed
British Envoy at the Court of Persia in 1824. In 1829 he received the
Persian Order of the Sun and Lion of the 1st Class, and was knighted
in November n of the same year. He married Amelia Harriet,
daughter of Lieut.General Sir Archibald Campbell, Commander-
inChief at Madras, and by her, who died in 1860, he had no issue. Sir
John died at Tabreez, June llth, 1830, and was succeeded by his
brother, XI. WILLIAM, Archdeacon of Wilts, and Canon of Salisbury
Cathedral. He married, in June, 1810, Frances, daughter of Maurice
Goodman of Oare House, Wilts, and had by her— 1. Douglas, who
succeeded him. 2. William Maurice, Rector of Calstone- Wellington,
Wilts. He married, in June, 1839, Elizabeth, daughter of Patrick
Hadow of St Andrews, without issue. He died April 17th, 1880. 3.
Archibald, Captain in the Indian Navy, who died, unmarried, March
3rd, 1845. 4. Fitzherbert, Registrar of the Diocese of Salisbury. He
married, in April, 1845, Eliza, daughter of Peregrine Bingham,
without issue. 5. Reginald John, who died, unmarried, July 22nd,
1835. 6. Alexander Cleiland, who married Elizabeth, daughter of
John Campian, without issue. 7. Frances Elizabeth, married Rev.
George Marsh, Rector of Sutton-Veny, Wilts, without issue. 8.
Sophia, married Frank Prothero, Llangibby Castle, Wales.
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 395 9. Penelope,

married Rev. Frank Dyson, Viear of Cricklade, Wilts. William
Macdonald of Sanda died June 24, 1 862, and was succeeded by his
son, XII. DOUGLAS, Vicar of West Alvington, Devonshire. He married
in Nov., 1837, Flora Georgina, daughter of Patrick Hadow, of St
Andrews, and had by her— 1. Douglas John Kinneir, his successor. 2.
Godfrey William, born in 1848, and died the same year. 3. Maurice
Patrick, who died in 1876. 4. Angus, Vicar of South Marston, Wilts.
He married, in 1878, Alice, daughter of Robert Jenner, of High worth,
without issue. 5. Flora. 6. Frances Amelia. 7. Cecilia Susan. 8. Eva, 9.
Helen Sophia. 10. Georgina. Douglas Macdonald of Sanda died Feb.
11, 1865, and was succeeded by his son, XIII. DOUGLAS JOHN
KINNEIR, who was born Oct. 24, 1838, and educated at Marlbo
rough College, and Jesus College, Cambridge, where he graduated in
1861. He was for some time Chapter Clerk of Salisbury, and from
1877 to 1882 commanded the Argyll and Bute Artillery at
Campbeltown. He married, in 1867, Jane Martha MacNeill, daughter
of John Alexander Mackay, of Blackcastle, Midlothian, and Carskey,
Argyleshire, and had by her — 1. Douglas Kiuueir, who was born in
1867. Educated at Sherborne School and Jesus College, Cambridge,
where he took his degree in 1888. He went to Queensland in 1897,
and was enrolled in the 3rd Queensland Contingent, which left
Brisbane for the seat of war in February, 1900. He was sent to Beira
to join Rhodes and Carrington's Field Force, and made the
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396 THE CLAN DON ALT). great march across Rhodesia on

foot os escort of the Canadian gnus, covering a distance of 105
miles in four and a half days. Joining Colonel Plumer's force, he
entered Mafeking, after five or six hours' sharp fighting, as one of
the advance guard of the relief column on May 18th. He afterwards
formed one of Colonel Here's band of 300 Colonial troops who
successfully defended an immen.se convoy of stores when
surrounded by 3000 Boers, with 8 guns, under Delarey. He died at
Pretoria on 12th Feb., 1901. 2. John Ranald. 3. Elsie Hay. 4. Lilian
Cecilia, who died 24th April, 1886. 5. Penelope Flora, who died in
infancy. D. J. K. Macdonald of Sarida died 27th July, 1901, and was
succeeded by his second son, XIV. JOHN RANALD, who was born in
1870. THE MACDONALDS OF COLONSAY. The Macdonalds of
Colonsay are descended from I. COLL, third son of Alexander of
Dunnyveg and the Glens, son of John Cathanach. He spent a good
deal of his life in Ireland, though he was by no means an
unconcerned spectator of the commotions that took place in the
Scottish territories of his family. He was of dark complexion, and
went under the name of Colla dubh nan Capull, according to some
authorities, because on an occasion of stress he and his followers
were forced to eat horse flesh, according to others, because he was
a cavalry leader. It is said that the horse flesh eating incident
occurred when he went to the assistance of the Earl of Tyrconnel
against O'Neill of Tyrone. He was also called Colla maol dubh, which
suggests baldness, as well as a dark complexion. Coll lived in the
Castle of Kinbane, a stronghold by the sea, situated about a mile
and a-half west of the town of Ballycastle. Kinbane,
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1. Dr James McDonnell. 2. Dr John McDonnell. 3. The Hon.

Sir bchomberg K. McDonnell. 4. Sir Alexander McDonnell, Bart. 5.
Colonel John McDonnell of Kilmore.
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THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 397 or the white

head, is so called from being a chalk cliff 100 feet high, and the
Castle stood behind, connected with the rock by strong walls carried
along the edges of the precipice, thus making it impregnable from
the sea. Coll was involved in all the Irish struggles in which his
brothers were engaged during his lifetime for the lordship of the
Route, and the references to him in the Irish State Papers show him
to have been one of the ablest, most distinguished, and, in the eyes
of the English, most formidable of the sons of Alexander Mac Iain
Chathanach. The Macdonalds of Dunnyveg adopted in the Glens, the
Route, Claneboy, and O'Cahan's country the system of quartering
their warriors upon the native gentry and population, a, fact which
suggests the almost regal power and influence they exercised in the
North of Ireland. This custom was the occasion of an incident in
Coil's life which has been detailed in the Bally patrick MS., and may
be taken as substantially correct. On this occasion Colla and his men
were quartered with MacQuillan of Dunluce, and had gained favour
with their host by helping him and his people to take a great Creach
from the O'Cathans of County Berry in revenge for a similar act of
spoliation committed on the MacQuillan's the previous year. In the
course of the visit to Dunluce Coll married MacQuillaii's daughter.
They were soon, however, reminded that they were in the midst of
foes. A quarrel arose between one of Coil's soldiers and one of
MacQuillan's Gallowglasses, in the course of which the latter was
killed. A plot was concocted by MacQuillan's party to murder Coll and
his men ; but this having come to the ears of Coil's wife, she told
him of the threatened catastrophe, and the night for which it was
planned
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398 THE CLAN DONALD. he and his followers encamped in

safety on the side of Dunseverick hill, having shaken the dust of
Dunluce off their feet. Coll died in 1551 at a comparatively early age,
and was buried at Bunmargy, and the position he occupied as
deputy to his brother James of Uunnyveg in the Glens, passed to his
brother Somhairle Buidhe. As already stated, Coll married Eveleen,
daughter of MacQuillan of Dunluce, and by her had— 1. Archibald,
his successor. 2. Randal. He was engaged in the feud between his
cousin Angus of Dunnyveg and Maclean of Duart, and when Angus
and his followers were seized by Maclean and imprisoned while on a
friendly visit, Eandal was the only one allowed his liberty. He died
without issue. Coll was succeeded by his older son, II. ARCHIBALD,
who was an infant at the time of his father's death, arid was under
the tutory of his uncle Somhairle Buidhe. He was called GilleasImiy
fiacail — Archibald the toothed — it being traditionally believed that
lie was born with a tooth or teeth ! He was fostered with the O'Quins
or O'Cathans of Carrinrig, with whom he is said to have spent most
of his time, and a daughter of which family he married, contrary, it is
said, to the wishes of his uncle Sorley. On Archibald arriving at his
majority, the event was celebrated with great rejoicing at Ballycastle,
under the auspices of Sorley Buy, the guardian, who desired that the
festivities should be conducted in a manner befitting his nephew's
rank. Among other amusements the gentle pastime of bull-baiting
was practised on the occasion. Unfortunately, the bull by accident
got loose, and the result — the details of which have been
differently stated by different authorities — was fatal to Archibald. By
one account the infuriated
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accurate

THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD. 399 animal made a

rush at him and wounded him mortally ; by another, an attendant
seeing the wild beast on the way to attack his master hastily drew
out a sword in his defence, but in the act of doing so wounded him
accidentally in the thigh. He was removed to Rathlin for better
attendance ; but the wound proved fatal, and dark hints of poison
administered by a surgeon bribed by Sorley's family were whispered,
with, doubtless, very little justification. Archibald's death took place
in 1570. III. COLL, the successor of Archibald in the representation
of the family, and known in his day as Colla Mac Ghilleasbuig, was a
posthumous child, having been born in 1570, after his father's
death. His birthplace was the Island of Glassineerin, in Lough Lynch
; but very soon after his birth his mother took him to Colonsay, an
island to which the Clann Iain Mhoir seem to have had a claim,
especially since the indenture of 1520, when it came into possession
of Alexander of Dunnyveg. Alexander's indenture expired in 1525,
but in 1558 Queen Mary granted to James of Dunnyveg, and in 1564
to Archibald his heir, the Barony of Bar, containing lands in Colonsay,
afterwards bestowed upon Coll. The MacDuflBes, the ancient
occupiers of the island, were still in actual possession. Here Coll was
brought up, and became one of the most famous swordsmen and
warriors of the age. He was known as Colla Ciotach Mac
Ghilleasbuig, the meaning of Ciotach being that he was left-handed,
or ambidexter, that is capable of wielding his sword with either hand,
a peculiarity which, no doubt, rendered him a dangerous foe in
battle. That part of his history which is associated with the
misfortunes of
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