ALLIED HEALTH LICENSURE EXAMINATIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ASSISTANTS

CERTIFICATE PROGRAMME SCHOOL OF HYGIENE HO AND TAMALE

1. Which body of statute regulation and principles has for its purpose the protection,
promotion and maintenance of health of individuals, and community health?

A. bye laws
B. Environmental Health Law
C. Public Health Law
D. Legislative instrument

2. Which Act empowers the District Assemblies to be responsible for the development and
management of human settlement and management of the environment in the district?

A. Section 10 (3) of 1993 (Act 462)

B. Section 10 of Act 1993 (462)

C. Act 462 of 1961

D. Section 10 (3) of Act 654 of 2002

3. Which Laws empowers the Environmental Health Assistant to enter into houses and
abate nuisances.

I Cap75 Section 3(1) of the Mosquito Ordinance

II Cap 86 of Towns Ordinance
III Act 30 criminal procedures code 1960
IV Section 9 Cap 86 of Town Ordinance
A. Only I
B. I and II
C. only III
D. Only IV
E I and IV
4. Laws or legal directives made by parliament and used by Government, Ministry
Department or District Assembly for guidance.
A Legislative Instrument
B. Executive Instrument
C. Bye laws
D. Regulation

5. Food that is free from putrefaction, adulteration or any other cause

A. Wholeness food
B Wholesome food
C. Hygienic food
D. Healthy food

6. Any act or condition which is dangerous or injurious to Health or likely to be so which

interfere with the liberty of other persons.
A. Nuisance
B. Notice of Abatement
C. Notice of injunction
D Mandatory Notice

7. Any trade or manufacture that is dangerous or injurious to health or likely to be

injurious or dangerous to persons engaged in it and neighbours surrounding the place of
work.
A. Dangerous trade
B. Injurious trade
C. Obnoxious trade
D Noxious trade

8. Which of these are important uses of Public health education

I Prevent community participation in clean up exercise
II Induces behavioural change
III Assists in engagement of conflict in the community
IV Imparts new knowledge and information
V Develops virtues and attitudes against the acceptance of ideas

A.I and II
B.II and IV
C. II and III
D. III and V

9. A dog that is not healthy (mangy/ rabid)and roams about unduly without returning to
base and has lost ownership.

A. Dangerous dog
B. Healthy dog
C. Ferocious dog
D. Safe Dog

10. A Law passed by a Military ruling body or junta or dictatorship.

A. Act
B. Ordinance
C. Decree
D. Regulation

11 Dracontiasis is best controlled in rural areas by:

A Destruction of Cyclopes
B Domestic filtration
C Storage of water
D Use of pesticides
12. Identify the odd element in this group of elements below
A Detol
B Izal
C Lyzol
D Pyrethroid

13. The biological name of the “black ant” is…………………………….

A Blattella germanica
B Cimex lectularius
C Culex
D Lasius niger

14.One of the following is used as a repellant

A.Dimethyl phthalate
B.Paris green
C.Pyrethrum
D.Ternate (1080)

15. One of the following is NOT used as an insecticide

A.Benzene Hexa-Chloride
B. Kerosene
C. Pyrethrum
D.Sodium nitrate

16.One of the following chemicals is used as a knock-down insecticide

A.Benzene hexachloride
B. Dieldrin
C. Malathion
D. Pyrethruquito
17. Schistomiasis is caused by:
A Clostridium welchi
B Dracunculus medinensis
C Schistosoma haematobium
D Ascaris duodenales

18. The destruction of disease agent and their products.

A. Fumigation
B. Disinfection
C. Disinfestations
D. Disinsectation

19. The mode of transmission of yellow fever is by a bite of an infected.

A. Aedes egypti
B. Culex
C. Anopheles
D Tsetse fly

20. Number of houses inspected with mosquito larvae x 100% / Total number of houses
inspected is define as

A.Mosquito Index
B. Pupa Index
C. Aedes egypti Index
D. Larval Index
21. The high significance of Aedes aegypti index in an area indicates there can be an
outbreak of:
A. Small pox
B. Malaria
C. Elephantiasis
D. Yellow fever

22. Onchocerciasis believed to be transmitted by the black fly is also known as

A African Trypanosomiasis
B Bancroftian filariasis
C River blindness
D Chagas’ disease

23. The destruction of all organisms including their spore is known as

A. Antiseptic action
B. Disinfection action

C. Germicidal action

D. Sterilization action

24. Which of the following specimen would you examine to diagnose ascariasis
A. Blood of the patient
B. Faeces of the patient
C. Sputum of the patient
D. Urine of the patient

25. Identify two (2) signs of rodent infestation

A. Urine and Smears on wall
B. Smears and Foot prints/Tail marks
C. Colour and Gnawing marks
D. Burrows/Holes and Head

26. A disease characterised by sudden onset of fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain,
intense weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat with rash bleeding, blood spot in
the eyes, vomitus, sputum urine or stool and from the opening parts is known as

A. Ebola

B. Ebola Virus

C. Cholera Vibrio

D. Cholera

27. An acute intestinal bacterial disease characterised by a sudden onset of profuse painless
watery diarrhoea or rice-water like diarrhoea, often accompanied by vomiting, which can
rapidly lead to severe dehydration and cardiovascular collapse and death if left untreated.

A.Diarrhoea disease

B. Cholera

C. Vibrio disease

D. Enteric disease

28. The causal agent of cholera is

A.Cholera Virus

B. Vibrio Cholerae

C. Cholera germ

D Cholera

29. Incubation period for Cholera

A.2 to 8 days

B. 2 to7 days, mostly 2 to 3 days

C. Some few hours to 5 days, mostly 2 to 3 days

D. 1 to 6 days, mostly 2 to 3 days

30. Incubation period for Ebola

A.5 to 21 days
B. 2 to 21 days
C. 1 to 15 days
D 2 to 31 days

31. Rate calculated with the total population in an area as the denominator.

A. Incidence Rate
B. Prevalence Rate
C. Morbidity Rate
D. Crude Rate

32. Rate calculated using data from specific segments of the population at risk as a
denominator.
A. Specific Rate
B. Fatality Rate
C.Mortality Rate
D. Simple Rate

33. A scientific method of collecting, organizing, summarising, presenting and analyzing

data related to factors that may influence health, socio-cultural environment, agriculture,
population and with all information health workers need to make a decision.

A.Vital statistics
B. Health statistics
C. Health personnel Statistics
D. Environmental Statistics
34. The set of techniques used to summarize the information contained in a collection of
data is referred to as
A. Inferential statistics
B. Deduction statistics
C. Induction Statistics
D .Descriptive Statistics

35. Which flag will a vessel infected carry?

A.” QL” flag
B. “QQ “Flag
C. “LL” Flag
D. “QLL” flag

36. Annual number of deaths in children under age 1yr to the total number of live births
multiplied by 1000/10 000
A. Infant Mortality Rate
B. Mortality Rate
C. Demographic Rate
D. Child Mortality Rate

37.State two subdivisions of Vital statistics from the under listed.

I. Demonstration statistics
II Morbidity statistics
III Mortality statistics
IV.Environmental Statistics

A.I and II
B. I and III
C. I and IV
D. II and III
E. None

38. Identify two subdivisions of Health statistics from the following.

I. Health personnel statistics

II. Health establishment statistics
III. Health Economic statistics
IV. Demographic Health Statistics

A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and IV
D. II and III

39.List the three (3) components used to characterised water.

A Physical, Chemical and biological
B Physical, Chemical and Hydrological
C Physical, Chemical and Nitrogen
D Physical, Chemical and Microbiological

40.Water that cannot lather easily with soap

A. pH water
B. Soft water
C. Alkalinity water
D. Hard Water

41. The two types of hardness of water are:

A Temporary and Permanent hardness
B. Physical and Chemical hardness
C. Biological and Physical hardness
D.Chemical and Biological Hardness
42. The measure of light scattering by suspended particles in the water column providing
an indirect indication of light penetration is an indicator of water clarity.
A. Dissolved Oxygen
B. Turbidity
C. Secchi depth
D. pH

43. A measure of the acidity and alkalinity of the water

A. Salinity
B. Microbiological
C. pH
D. Nitrogen

44 – 45: Complete the following abbreviation

44. WEEE
A. Waste Electronic, Electrical, Equipment
B. Waste Environmental Electronic Equipment
C. Waste Electric Electrode Equipment
D. Waste Environmental Electrical Equipment

45. PPP in Waste Management

A. Private Partnership Principle
B. Polluter Pay Principle
C. Private Pay Principal
D. Private Partnership Participation
46. Materials, Objects or substances produced from economic activities of human beings
that required to be discarded by the generator or user that absorbs resources and create no
value is

A. Economic Waste
B. Waste
C. Solid Waste
D. Refuse Waste.

47. Solid and liquid waste produced within a medical facilities are termed

A. Medical Waste
B. Biomedical Waste
C. Chemical Waste
D. Pathological Waste

48. Waste comprising expired pharmaceutical Waste or discarded drugs and their
container is termed.

A. Pharmaceutical Waste
B. Laboratory Waste
C. Hazardous Waste
D. Chemical Waste

49. A compartment within a landfill from other compartments by appropriate cover

materials and of such size to be manageable in the context of total volume and day-to-day
operating concerns including waste placement and compaction, stability of working
surfaces and slopes and the operation of landfill equipment.

A. Waste Compartment
B. Cell Lift
C. Cells
D. Waste Cells
50. Waste composed of Non-decomposing (Non-rotting) material generally originates from
demolition, construction works or industrial and commercial waste may be described as:

A. Construction Waste
B. Demolition Waste
C. Inert Waste
D. Industrial Waste

51. The period of operation beginning with the first receipt of municipal solid waste and
ending at completion of closure activities.

A. Waste site life

B. Site life
C. Ending life
D. Landfill life

52. A prefabricated continuous sheet of flexible polymeric material including synthetic

membrane, polymeric membrane liners and plastic liners.

A.Geomembrane
B. Waste liners
C. Waste sheet
D. Plastic Waste liners

53. A compacted layer of solid waste plus its overlying cover material in a sanitary landfill.
Is known as;

A. Sanitary compacted layer

B. Operational layer
C Lift
D. Waste Compacted Layer
54. Landfill gas is primarily a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen

A.True

B. False

55. Identify two Classes of solid waste within the following.

I Domestic Waste
II Industrial Waste
IIISludge Waste
IVTreated waste

A.I and III

B. I and II
C. None of this
D. III and IV

56. A disease that affects many people at the same time within a given zone and has an
identical source of infection is referred to as:
A. Endemic
B. Epidemic
C. Pandemic
D. Sporadic

57. People normally placed under surveillance are;

A. Contacts
B. Sick relatives
C.Suspects
D. Convalescents
58. One who continues to remain infectious for several weeks in a disease.
A. Convalescent carrier
B. Healthy carrier
C. Case Carrier
D. Infectious disease carrier

59. Mention two recent communicable disease routes of infection by direct contact from
person to person or indirectly through contaminated objects
I Cholera
II Yellow fever
III.Enteric fever
IV Malaria

A.I and III

B. II and VI
C I and IV
D. II and VI

60. A disease caused by infection with a bacterium called salmonella typhi,

A. Typhoid fever
B. Malaria fever
C. Dengue fever
D. Paratyphoid fever

61.The science dealing with the functions of the body parts is called

A. Physiology
B. cytology
C. Anatomy
D. Biology
62. Which of the following describes a correct order of structures in the respiratory path
ways

A. pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles

B. larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchiles, bronchi
C. trachea, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles
D. pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

63. Which of the following structures are listed in the correct order?
A Lymphatic – trunks – vessels – ducts
B Lymphatic– ducts– vessels– trunks
C Lymphatic– vessels– ducts– trunks
D Lymphatic– vessels – trunks – ducts

64. The body’s ability to fight diseases is called

A Antibodies
B Immunity
C Resistance
D Susceptibility

65. Invading pathogens that have entered the intestinal fluid will most likely pass next into
A Blood vessels
B Cellular cytoplasm
C Lymphatic capillaries
D Lymphatic vessels

66. The most common method of reproduction of bacteria is

A. Binary fission
B. Heterotrophic

C. Mesophilic
 D. Thermophillic

67. Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the digestive system?
A. Liver
B. Gallbladder
C Spleen
D. Pancreas

68. The final portion of the small intestine is the

A. Ileum
B Colon
C Duodenum
D. Jejunum

69. A group of cells with similar structure and function, together with the extracellular
substances located between them, form a(n)
A Organism
B. Organ
C.Organelle
D. Tissue

70. Which sense organ is for the Nose, Ear and eye.

A Olfactory organ, hearing organ and sight organ

B Olfactory organ, auditory organ and sight organ
C. Auditory Organ, olfactory organ and image organ
D Auditory organ, olfactory organ and sight organ
71. Which statement is correct about the Functions of the liver

A Production of juice
B Production of fresh water necessary for coagulation of blood
C Storage of substances necessary for the construction of white blood cells
D Filtration and neutralisation of toxic substances

72. What first aid will you give a person who is biting by a Snake before obtaining a
medical aid
A Calm and reassure the casualty and leave person to lie flat for the day.
B Wash wound with soap and water, tie 2” above the bite towards the heart and send person
to hospital immediately.
C Support and remove victim from the source of bite.
D Wash wound with only water and send person to the hospital.

Complete the following abbreviations:

73. BOD
A. Biochemical Oxygen demand
B. Biological Oxygen Demand
C. Biological Organic Demand
D. Biochemical Organic Demand

74. KVIP
A. Kumasi Ventilated Imported Pit Latrine
B. Kumasi Ventilated Improved Pit Latrine
C. Kumasi Ventilated Introduced Pit Latrine
D. Kingsford Ventilated Improved Pit Latrine
75. Liquids generated at the Landfill sites by the solution in water of chemical compound
which are present in the waste arising through decomposition.

A. Sludge
B. Run-off Water
C. Ran-on Water
D. Leachate

76.Sludge is the liquid or semi-solid layer formed when suspended solids settle to the
bottom of a soakaway.

A.True

B. False

77.A shallow, man-made basin which uses natural physical, chemical and biological
processes to remove solids, organic matter and nutrients and destruct pathogenic organs
from waste water is

A.Anaerobic pond
B. Waste separation pond
C. Pathogenic concentration pond
D. Waste stabilization pond

78. Another term use for Oxidation pond

A.Waste Stabilization pond

B. digestion pond
C. Aerobic pond
D. Anaerobic pond
79. Sealing is the introduction of anaerobic bacteria into a septic tank to correct the water
tank line to prevent entry of air into the septic tank latrine whiles seeding is the
introduction of water into a septic tank containing water to facilitate anaerobic breakdown
of excreta.
A. True

B. False

80. Maturation pond is a deep pond in which an active algal biomass is maintained
throughout the entire depth of the system so that during the day time low amount of
oxygen is produced.

A. True

B. False

81. The process of collecting organic waste from all other waste into other waste bins is to
make recycling and collection of refuse difficult.

A.True

B. False.
82. The first step to take in a community with matters affecting the health of people is to:-
A. Analyse the problem
B. Gather both human and material resources
C. Identify health problem
D. Seek support at various levels

83. The process of enabling people to increase control over improving their health by
demanding, effecting and sustaining a hygienic and healthy environment making it to effect
behavioural change.

A. Health promotion
B. Health education
C. Environmental Hygiene
D Community promotion
84.The control of factors which exercised a deleterous or harmful effect on the emotional
and mental well-being and a healthy living of an individual in man’s environment that can
adversely affect the health of present and future generation.

A. Environment
B. Environmental Hygiene.
C. Environmental Health
D Environmental Safety

85. Identify two (2) major interventions as strategies to push planning and implementation
of health promotion activities in the MMDA’s

I. Strengthening community
II. Communication
III. Enabling environment
IV. Political influence

A.II and III

B. I and II
C. I and IV
D. II and IV
E. III and IV

86. A two (2) way process of sharing with and discussing, informing each other and
reaching a common goal, exchange ideas and informing satisfactory between the sender
and the receiver.
A. Communication
B. Promotion
C.Mobilization
D. Empowerment
87. An innovation and integrated approach to encouraged, support a community to lead
and take responsibility towards changing their behaviour from open defecation status to an
open defecation free status or clean and hygienic environment is known as:

A Participatory Rural-Led Sanitation

B Integrated Community–Led Total Sanitation

C Community-Led Total Sanitation

D Participatory Rural-Led Sanitation

88. Limit all of the following in your diet except

A Saturated and Trans fats

B. Sugar and Salts
C. Cholesterol
D. Fibre

89. Provide substantial nutrients and relatively fewer calories

A.Protein foods
B. Nutrient foods
C. Nutrient-dense foods
D. Fatty foods
E. None of the above

90. This type of carbohydrate is a vital emergency fuel for heart muscle.

A. Glycogen
B. Triglyceride
C. Glucogenesis
D. Glucose

91. Breaking down of larger substances into smaller units is called

A. Catabolism
B. Metabolism
C. Anabolism
D. None of the Above
92. The sum of body processes that change our food energy from the three energy
nutrients.

A. Anabolism
B. Catabolism
C. Metabolism
D. None of the above

93. Most is reabsorbed and recycled while the rest can be trapped by fibers in the large
intestine and carried out of the body with faeces.

A. Carbohydrates
B. Cholesterol
C. Bile
D. Protein

94. Most of the hydrolysis of triglycerides occurs in the

A. Mouth
B. Stomach
C. Small Intestine
D. Large Intestine

95Digestion in the small intestine is where pancreatic amylase converts the carbohydrate
starch to

A. Glucose and Sucrose

B. Fructose and Glucose
C. Maltose and Sucrose
D. Fructose and Sucrose
E. Glucose and Malatose

96. Functions of fat in the body

A. Provides a backup energy supply for the body that can be used when carbohydrates are low
B. Supplies essential nutrients in the form of fatty acids to the body, which are necessary for
proper functioning
C. Increases one’s feeling of fullness after eating
D. All of the Above
97. The essential base for all metabolic processes is

A. Vitamins
B. Water
C. Carbohydrates
D. Proteins
E. Fats

98. What does EPA stand for

A Earth Protection Association

B Environmental Project Council
C Environmental Protection Authority
D Environmental Project Association

99. Air pollution can harm the health or comfort of which of the following
A Plant
B Material
C Human and other animals
D All of the above

100. Identify two importance associated with Ventilation

I Ventilation remove dampness in a room
II. Allow insects to come into rooms
III. Prevent spread of infection
IV Allow the spread of diseases

A. I and III
B. II and IV
C. III and IV
D. I and II