LONG ESSAY

1. Describe femoral triangle under following headings: (a) Boundaries; (b) Contents; (c)
Applied aspects.

2. Describe femoral artery under following headings: (a) Extent (origin and termination); (b)
Course and relations; (c) Branches; (d) Anastomoses; (e) Applied anatomy

3. Describe femoral nerve under following headings: (a) Origin; (b) Course; (c) Termination;
(d) Relations; (e) Branches. [IMP 5M(RS)]

4. Name the adductor compartment muscles of the thigh (adductors of thigh). Give origin,
insertion, morphology, relations, nerve supply, actions and openings and structures
passing through the adductor magnus muscle.

5. Describe the: (a) Formation; (b) Course; (c) Branches and; (d) Applied anatomy of
obturator nerve. [IMP 3M(RS)]

6. Describe the gluteus maximus muscle under the following headings: origin, insertion,
nerve supply and action. Enumerate structures under cover of Gluteus maximus..

7. A 14-year-old boy came with altered gait a few hours after an injection in his right
buttock. On clinical examination he was found to be having right foot drop.
a. What is the anatomical basis for the boy's symptoms?
b. Describe the following structures under the cover of the gluteus maximus
muscle (i) Vessels, (ii) Nerves.

8. Describe popliteal fossa under following headings: (a) Boundaries; (b) Contents; (c)
Applied anatomy; Describe origin, course and branches of popliteal artery.

9. Name hamstrings of thigh. Mention origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions of
semimembranosus. [semimembranosus 5M(RS)]

10. Describe sciatic nerve under following headings: (a) Root value; (b) Origin; (c) Course and
relations; (d) Branches; (e) Applied anatomy.

11. Name dorsiflexors of ankle joint. Describe the origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions
of the dorsiflexors of the ankle joint (extensor digitorum longus). Explain the anatomical
basis of foot drop.

12. Describe the venous drainage of lower limb with its applied importance.
(Great saphenous vein 5M)
13. Describe hip joint under following headings: (a) Type and bones taking part
(formation/articular surfaces); (b) Capsule and ligaments; (c) Relations; (d) Movements
and muscles producing them; (e) Neurovascular supply; (f) Applied anatomy.

14. Describe knee joint under following headings: (a) Type and Bones articulating; (b)
Capsule and ligaments; (c) Intraarticular structures (menisci and cruciate ligaments); (d)
Blood supply and nerve supply; (e) Movements and muscles producing them; (f) Locking
and unlocking movements; (g) Bursae around knee joint; (h) Applied anatomy.
(i)relations (EACH LIGAMENT CAN BE 3M ABD 5M)

15. Describe intracapsular structures of knee joint. Add a note on locking and unlocking of
knee joint. (LOCKING AND UNLOCKING 5M)

16. Describe ankle joint under following headings: (a) Type; (b) Capsule and ligaments; (c)
Relations; (d) Movements and muscles producing them; (e) Blood supply; (f) Applied
anatomy.

17. Describe inversion and eversion. Name joints in which these movements occur and name
muscles producing these movements, with their attachments and nerve supply in a
tabulated form. [IMP 5M RS)]

18. Name and describe arches of foot (lateral longitudinal/medial longitudinal) under the
following heads. (a) Types and bones taking part; (b) Factors maintaining the arches and;
(c) Applied aspect.

SHORT ANSWER
1. Cutaneous nerve supply of thigh.
2. Iliotibial tract.
3. A 23-year-old female came to the emergency department with an injury to the
middle of the right groin region. On examination, there was a deep lacerated wound
just below the middle of the right inguinal ligament. Describe the structures at risk in
this region and their relations. Describe the boundaries of the triangle in this region.
4. Femoral sheath-formation, divisions, contents, applied anatomy.
5. Femoral canal (applied anatomy).
6. Profunda femoris artery-origin, course and branches.
7. Quadriceps femoris.
8. Adductor canal-boundaries and contents.
9. Gluteus medius and minimus.
10. Piriformis muscle.

11. Common peroneal (lateral popliteal) nerve-origin, course and branches.

 12. Biceps femoris
13. Cutaneous nerve supply of dorsum of foot/sensory nerve supply
14. Extensor retinaculum of foot.
15. Interosseous membrane of leg- Muscles attached.
16. Deep peroneal nerve.
17. Dorsalis pedis artery-formation, termination, relations and branches.
18. Superficial peroneal nerve.
19. Flexor retinaculum of foot- attachments, structures passing underneath.
20. Explain the attachments, action and nerve supply of the triceps surae muscle.
21. Popliteus-attachments, nerve supply, action.
22. Peroneal artery.
23. Tibial nerve.
24. Plantar aponeurosis.
25. Dorsal interossei muscles of sole.
26. Plantar (arterial) arch.
27. Varicose veins in lower limb.
28. Inguinal lymph nodes (superficial)- groups, location, area of drainage and applied
importance.
29. Iliofemoral ligament-attachments and applied anatomy.
30. Abductors of hip joint.
31. Semilunar cartilage (medial meniscus). Functions of menisci
32. Deltoid ligament of ankle joint.
33. Cruciate ligament
34. Movements and applied anatomy of ankle joint.
35. Tibiofibular joints.
36. Spring ligament.

SHORT ANSWERS

1. House maid's knee.

2. Saphenous opening.
3. Femoral ring.
4. Cutaneous branches of femoral nerve with areas of distribution.
5. Sartorius muscle.
6. Nerve supply to adductor muscles
7. Pectineus
8. Two functional components of Adductor magnus.

9. The obturator nerve was injured in an anterior dislocation of hip joint. All the
muscles supplied by this nerve were paralysed except part of one muscle. Which
muscle is this and what is the anatomical basis? Enumerate the muscles supplied by
the obturator nerve.
10. Gamelli muscles.
11. Obturator internus-nerve supply and action.
12. Name muscles supplied by superior gluteal nerve and mention their actions.
13. Inferior gluteal nerve.
 14. Cruciate anastomosis-formation and applied aspect.
15. Structures passing through greater sciatic foramen
16. structures emerging below and above piriformis
17. Great saphenous nerve course and distribution.
18. Name the structures passing under the extensor retinaculum of foot.
19. Muscles supplied by deep peroneal nerve (anterior tibial nerve).
20. Peroneus longus muscle.
21. Superficial peroneal nerve-muscles supplied.
22. Anserine bursa.
23. Sural nerve-area supplied
24. Tendocalcaneus.
25. Peripheral heart.
26. Name the muscles supplied by the medial plantar nerve in the sole.
27. Mention the muscles supplied by the lateral plantar nerve.
28. Veins connected by medial ankle perforators.
29. Areas of drainage of horizontal superficial inguinal lymph nodes.
30. Areas of drainage of popliteal lymph nodes.
31. Muscles performing lateral rotation of thigh (lateral rotator muscles of the hip joint).
32. Ligamentum patellae (patellar ligament).
33. Bursa around knee joint.
34. Mention the genicular nerves supplying the knee joint.

OSTEOLOGY

1. Ischial tuberosity
2. Greater trochanter of femur
3. Patella. how it differs from other bones and bursae in relation to it .How do you
differentiate left from right patella?
4. Upper end of tibia.

SHORT NOTE
1. Ischial spine.
2. Greater sciatic notch
3. Define femoral torsion.
4. Lower end of femur.
5. Linea aspera of femur.
6. Adductor tubercle.
7. Medicolegal importance of ossification center to lower end of femur.
8. Tibial tuberosity.
9. Soleal line.
10. Structures attached to anterior intercondylar area of tibia.
11. Lesser sciatic foramen-formation and structures transmitted.