Ati Community Health Nursing Exam |

Community Health Rn Exam Questions

and Correct Answers Rated A+

The public health nurse (PHN) knows that he must approach a public health
problem with an understanding of the related underlying risk factors in order
to develop effective nursing interventions. He must also consider that these
risk factors can be either
based or based.

a) Epidemic; population
b) Disease; individual
c) Individual; population
d) Intervention; government - ANSWERS-a) Individual; population

If the international medical community was working to contain several

worldwide pandemics, they would look to the World Health Organization
(WHO), which is:

a) Working to improve health and well being for the global population
b) The public health arm of the united nations
c) Working with nurses to promote public health interventions
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-d) All of the above

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) stated in their report, The Future of the
Public's Health, that there are three core functions that society carries out to
collectively support the optimum conditions for public health. Which one of
the following is not one of these functions?

a) Assessment
b) Assurance
c) Prevention
d) Policy development - ANSWERS-c) Prevention

With aging, there is an increase in noncommunicable (chronic) illness. The

PHN recognizes that an example of a noncommunicable illness is:

a) Heart disease
b) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
c) HIV
d) Hepatitis - ANSWERS-a) Heart disease
The obesity rate in a local neighborhood is partially the product of a limited
access to full service grocery stores and a lack of dedicated safe venues for
exercise. This is an example of issues related to the "upstream"
determinants of public health that contribute to the ecology of a
community's health "downstream." The PHN understands that upstream
determinants include social relations, neighborhoods and communities,
institutions, and .

a) Tertiary nursing interventions

b) Availability of medicine to treat disease
c) Increasing the number of primary care provider
d) Social and economic policies - ANSWERS-d) Social and economic policies

A nursing instructor is giving a lecture on community participation in an

ecological public health system. She teaches that the benefits of this
collaboration for participants in the community's public health are that their
efforts increase effectiveness and productivity, empower the participants,
strengthen social engagement, and .

a) Increase the number of medical facilities

b) Decrease disease rates
c) Monitor childhood illnesses
d) Ensure accountability - ANSWERS-d) Ensure accountability

Which layer of government is responsible for issuing quarantines during a

communicable disease outbreak?

a) State
b) Local
c) Federal
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-b) Local

The nursing student is taught correctly that local health departments do not
oversee which of the following?

a) The surveillance of disease

b) Public sanitation and water supply
c) Licensing of local hospitals
d) Investigation of disease outbreaks - ANSWERS-c) Licensing of local hospitals

The PHN recognizes that environmental science, epidemiology, biostatistics,

biomedical sciences, and form the foundational subjects of public health.

a) Social and behavioral sciences

b) The humanities
c) Anthropology
d) economics - ANSWERS-a) Social and behavioral sciences
If a PHN meets the PHN Core Competencies, he or she should be able to do
which of the following? Select all that apply

a) Work with corporations to create an emergency response program to

bioterrorism
b) Create a financial plan for a clinic and manage the budget
c) Function as a medical doctor at a clinic if there is none
d) Understand the dietary restrictions of new immigrants
e) Develop policy for handling a local quarantine - ANSWERS-a) Work with
corporations to create an emergency response program to bioterrorism
d) Understand the dietary restrictions of new immigrants
e) Develop policy for handling a local quarantine

In 2011, the National Prevention Strategy released a plan to increase the

number of Americans who are healthy at every stage of life. Which of the
following is not one of the strategic directions included in the strategy?

a) Eliminating health disparities

b) Building healthy and safe community efforts
c) Increasing access to care
d) Empowering people to make healthy choices - ANSWERS-c) Increasing
access to care

A nursing student is studying the seven priorities of the National Prevention

Strategy. The student correctly identifies which one of the following
interventions as not reflecting any of the seven priorities in this plan?

a) Conducting a smoking cessation clinic

b) Assisting low-income families to sign up for health-care insurance
c) Providing nutrition classes which offer weekly fill-in guides for grocery
shopping
d) Building a health and exercise center in a hospital near the physical and
occupational therapy areas - ANSWERS-b) Assisting low-income families to
sign up for health-care insurance

If a nurse is using the natural history of a disease to help develop a primary

prevention program for a specific disease, he or she would begin with:

a) Making sure that everyone in a certain area receives treatment.

b) Studying the continuum of the disease with a focus on the disease free
state.
c) Looking at screening tools for identifying person who may have the disease.
d) Going to the autopsies of the patients who have died. - ANSWERS-b)
Studying the continuum of the disease with a focus on the disease free
state.

When a health-care provider offers nutritional health teaching on portions,

patterns, and choices, he or she is using which type of approach?

a) Ecological
b) Downstream
c) Upstream
d) Health promotion - ANSWERS-b) Downstream

A school cafeteria is planning menus for the school year. They used the 2012
national law that calls for school lunch programs to have larger portions of
fruits and vegetables, less sodium, and no trans fats as their guide. This is an
example of:

a) An upstream approach
b) An examination of the social aspects of obesity
c) A downstream approach
d) A and C - ANSWERS-a) An upstream approach

A public health nurse (PHN) notices the rising incidence of H1N1 (swine flu)
in a geographic area. The nurse considers possible interventions, knowing
that the preclinical phase of H1N1 lasts:

a) One to two days

b) Two to four days
c) Three to four days
d) Five to seven days - ANSWERS-a) One to two days

In the traditional public health prevention framework, the level of

prevention that includes early detection and initiation of treatment for
disease, or screening, is referred to as the:

a) Clinical level
b) Primary level
c) Tertiary level
d) Secondary level - ANSWERS-d) Secondary level

Attributable risk is the proportion of cases or injuries that would be

eliminated if a risk factor did not occur, but preventable fraction is:

a) The number of cases that actually occur in a given population at a

specific point in time.
b) What could be achieved with a program implemented in a community
setting within the at-risk population when community members actually
participate in the program.
c) The number of cases that require intervention.
d) An estimation of the number of cases with the high-risk factor(s). -
ANSWERS-b) What could be achieved with a program implemented in a
community setting within the at-risk population when community members
actually participate in the program.

Population attributable risk (PAR) is based on the assumption that the risk
factor is removed from the entire population being targeted. It also can be
used to calculate the cost benefit and the of a prevention program.
a) Cost effectiveness
b) Necessity
c) Population ecology
d) Percent of repeat participant - ANSWERS-a) Cost effectiveness

The nursing student is studying learning theories. He learns that television

commercials are an example of which learning theory?

a) Constructivism
b) Cognitivist
c) Bandura's theory of social learning
d) Behaviorism - ANSWERS-c) Bandura's theory of social learning

A patient diagnosed with diabetes buys books, reads articles, talks with
knowledgeable people, informs himself about what he can do to improve his
health, and takes action. The nurse recognizes this method of adult learning
as:

a) Pedagogy
b) Andragogy
c) Constructivism
d) Humanism - ANSWERS-d) Humanism

A nursing student is listening to a lecture on poor health outcomes. Based on

research by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), the instructor says that for an
individual with a non- communicable disease less knowledge of chronic
disease management and performance of fewer health promotion activities
at home, most likely reflects:

a) Low health literacy

b) Lack of adequate health insurance
c) Limited access to medical services
d) Few prevention programs within the community - ANSWERS-a) Low health
literacy

Which of these tests is not an indicator of health literacy?

a) The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA)

b) Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)
c) National Quality Forum (NQF)
d) Suitability Assessment of Material (SAM - ANSWERS-c) National
Quality Forum (NQF)

A nursing student is studying preventable causes of death. In 2011, what

was not one of the four leading at-risk behaviors that were underlying causes
of disease and preventable death?

a) Tobacco use
b) Falls
c) Alcohol use
d) Lack of exercise or physical activity
e) Poor nutrition - ANSWERS-b) Falls

If the total number of cases of a disease is 100, and the total number of
persons in a population is 1,000, what would the prevalence be? Record
answer as a decimal.
- ANSWERS-0.1

In a hypertensive study, nurses took the blood pressure readings of 250

participants. In order to determine the accuracy of their readings, they
wanted to test the sensitivity of their instruments. If the number of true
positives is 40, and the total number of participants with disease (true
positives plus false negatives) is 55, the sensitivity of the
instrument is . Record answer with one decimal
place. -
ANSWERS-72.7%

When screening for, monitoring, and diagnosing disease, a health-care

provider always evaluates a measurement tool for which of the following
attributes? Select all that apply.

a) Reliability
b) Validity
c) Functionality
d) Sensitivity
e) Specificity - ANSWERS-a) Reliability
b) Validity
d) Sensitivity
e) Specificity

In order to assess the prevalence of a disease in a population, a PHN can use

the prevalence pot to help better understand the occurrence of disease in
her or his community. The prevalence pot: Select all that apply.

a) Depicts the total number of current cases in the population.

b) Takes into account duration and incidence of the disease.
c) Includes assessing the total number of cases of a disease taking into
account all of the stages of the disease.
d) Is a method of calculating the potential number of new cases in a
population.
e) Determines the amount of primary medications used to treat diseases in
a certain population. - ANSWERS-a) Depicts the total number of current
cases in the population.
b) Takes into account duration and incidence of the disease.
c) Includes assessing the total number of cases of a disease taking into
account all of the stages of the disease.

Based on the Social-Ecological model of health, which of the following are

components of health? Select all that apply.
a) Physical environments
b) Social environments
c) Social relations
d) Political systems
e) Health-care systems - ANSWERS-a) Physical environments
b) Social environments

A PHN is assigned to an area to do a community assessment. The

demographic data the nurse collects includes:

a) Insurance company preference

b) Vaccination rates
c) Educational levels
d) Medical results - ANSWERS-c) Educational levels

A nursing instructor explains to a nursing student that information about a

community's health services and resources includes all of the following
factors except:

a) Service use patterns

b) Treatment data
c) Insurance costs
d) provider/client ratios - ANSWERS-c) Insurance costs

A nursing instructor describes one approach to conducting an assessment as

a collection of data about the populations living within the community; an
assessment of the assets within the community, such as the local health
department capacity; and the identification of problems and issues in the
community, such as unmet needs and health disparities and opportunities
for action. The instructor explains that this type of approach is called a:

a) Rapid needs assessment

b) Comprehensive community assessment
c) Population focused assessment
d) Health impact assessment - ANSWERS-b) Comprehensive community
assessment

A PHN is looking for a tool to help conduct a community assessment. The

nurse can get such a tool from the:

a) National institute of occupational safety and health (NIOSH)

b) Affordable care act (ACA)
c) Institute of Medicine (IOM)'s report The future of public health
d) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Community Health
Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE) - ANSWERS-d) Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Community Health Assessment and
Group Evaluation (CHANGE)
A PHN goes to a factory to find out why employees are missing so many work
days. What type of assessment would be the most appropriate in this case?

a) Setting specific assessment

b) Health impact assessment
c) Problem or health issue based assessment
d) Population focused assessment - ANSWERS-a) Setting specific assessment

In order to develop maintenance and survival strategies for a community in

the event of an emergency, a PHN looks for useful places, persons, and
systems. This part of the assessment is called:

a) Capacity building
b) Needs assessment
c) Participatory research
d) Asset mapping - ANSWERS-d) Asset mapping

A PHN encourages her public health department to use the Mobilizing for
Actions through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) strategic model because
the six phases of the MAPP process includes:

a) Financial planning
b) Mortality review
c) The full scope of health planning
d) Geographic data collection - ANSWERS-c) The full scope of health planning

A PHN is using the MAPP model to conduct an assessment within the

community and has reached Phase 3, performing the four assessments. The
analysis of the legislation, technology, and other external positive and
negative influences that have an impact on the promotion and protection of
the public's health is called a:

a) Community themes and strengths assessment

b) Forces of change assessment
c) Community health status assessment
d) Local public health system assessment - ANSWERS-b) Forces of
change assessment

A PHN was asked to come to a town that was having some noticeable health
problems. Driving through town, the nurse noted that there were many for-
sale signs, as well as very little green space and some trash in the street.
This preassessment phase is called a:

a) Community themes and strengths assessment

b) Community health assessment and group evaluation (CHANGE)
c) Community health status assessment
d) Windshield survey - ANSWERS-d) Windshield survey
According to the CHANGE model, the aspect of a community that includes
community- wide efforts that have an effect on the social and built
environments such as improving food access, walkability or bike-ability,
tobacco use or exposure, or personal safety is called the:

a) Community institution or organization sector

b) Health care sector
c) Community at large sector
d) Preventative sector - ANSWERS-c) Community at large sector

A nurse is studying the increased infant mortality rate at a local hospital in a

largely African American community. The nurse notes that there are very few
options for prenatal care in the community and recognizes that this is an
example of:

a) Health disparity.
b) Social determinant of health.
c) Health inequity.
d) Health injustice. - ANSWERS-c) Health inequity.

Which of the following is the definition of health disparity?

a) Access to healthcare for everyone without financial hardship

b) A social factor that impacts health outcomes and contributes to disparity
c) A difference in health outcomes
d) An unequal and unjust difference in health outcomes - ANSWERS-c) A
difference in health outcomes

In many countries, which factors are associated with a decrease in infant

mortality rate?

a) Education level
b) Income
c) Both A and B
d) Neither A nor B - ANSWERS-c) Both A and B

Which of the following programs was specifically designed to work toward

optimal health for all Americans?

a) Healthy People 2020

b) Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ)
c) Universal Health Care
d) Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Health (REACH) - ANSWERS-a) Healthy
People 2020

A nurse manager has been working in a community health center for many
years. In the recent months, the nurse manager has noticed a dramatic
increase in the number of
Hispanic clients coming into the center with uncontrolled diabetes. Which of
the following is the best way to address the situation?

a) Speak with local providers about decreasing the length of time

between follow-up visits.
b) Involve pharmacists in counseling newly diagnosed patients about
their insulin regimen.
c) Develop several educational handouts about managing diabetes and
have them translated into Spanish. Correct!
d) Perform a community assessment to determine why community
members seem unsuccessful in care management. - ANSWERS-d) Perform
a community assessment to determine why community members seem
unsuccessful in care management.

Researchers have found that investment in which of the following would

have had a greater effect on health disparities than the investment in new
medical technology?

a) Implementing universal health care

b) Decreasing crime rate
c) Increasing access to education for everyone
d) Improving quality of healthcare - ANSWERS-c) Increasing access to
education for everyone

A nurse is teaching an in-service for new nurses on the importance of

cultural sensitivity when caring for patients. Which of the following
statements is incorrect?

a) Ethnic diversity of health-care staff plays little role in the reduction of

health-care inequalities.
b) Translators should always be used when a patient does not speak
English as a primary language.
c) Nurses and other health-care workers may often display
discriminatory behavior without realizing it.
d) Nurses must always work as patient advocates to make sure that the
patient is receiving culturally sensitive care. - ANSWERS-a) Ethnic diversity
of health-care staff plays little role in the reduction of health-care
inequalities.

A nurse is performing an assessment of a very economically diverse

community and realizes that while comparing income to health outcomes,
the nurse must be careful to:

a) Evaluate only the poorest health outcomes and where they land on
the income spectrum.
b) Recognize that income and outcomes exist on a scale, and look across
the entire spectrum.
c) Compare only the outcomes of the richest community members to the
outcomes of the poorest community members.
d) Evaluate only the poorest community members and their health
outcomes. - ANSWERS-b) Recognize that income and outcomes exist on a
scale, and look across the entire spectrum.

A nurse is looking at reasons why members of a community are more likely

to die from heart disease. The nurse finds several studies that suggest that
social factors, such as
, are more important than behavioral choices.

a) Lack of exercise
b) Smoking
c) Poverty
d) High-fat or high-sugar diets - ANSWERS-c) Poverty

During a lecture on health disparities, a student asks the instructor how

communities with great access to health care can still have poor health
outcomes. How should the instructor respond?

a) The student is incorrect. Communities with good access to care have

good health outcomes.
b) Social determinants of health determine how people respond to health
threats and how they access preventative care.
c) Members of these communities only have access to primary-care
providers, which reduces the quality of care they receive.
d) This phenomenon only occurs in communities where the quality of
health care is poor. - ANSWERS-b) Social determinants of health determine
how people respond to health threats and how they access preventative
care.

A nurse is organizing a round table presentation at a conference. The nurse

asks the other participants for suggestions on actions that nurses can take to
reduce national health disparities. Which of the following suggestions are
known to be effective measures for the reduction of health disparities?
Select all that apply.

a) Support initiatives that increase physical education classes and

healthy school meals.
b) Discuss social and health disparity information with coworkers
to promote awareness.
c) Volunteer with an international organization that supports building
infrastructure in underdeveloped areas.
d) Design and create research studies that address inequities and support
vulnerable populations.
e) Act as advocates for patients, families, and communities in reducing
inequities. - ANSWERS-a) Support initiatives that increase physical
education classes and healthy school meals.
b) Discuss social and health disparity information with coworkers to
promote awareness.
d) Design and create research studies that address inequities and support
vulnerable populations.
e) Act as advocates for patients, families, and communities in reducing
inequities.

According to O'Donnell's definition of health promotion, how could a public

health nurse advise a company to encourage its employees to work toward
good health?

a) Lower insurance premiums for employees who demonstrate good health

habits
b) Have employee exercise classes or discounted health club memberships
c) Have incentives for healthy eating
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-d) All of the above

As defined by the WHO, an example of a health promotion intervention

is whereas a risk
reduction/health protection intervention is .

a) Conducting a health fair; funding a school exercise program

b) Giving a free exercise class; conducting a flu vaccine outreach program
c) Providing flu medication free to older adults; a diet class for teenagers
d) Offering a tour of a hospital; a relaxation technique class - ANSWERS-b)
Giving a free exercise class; conducting a flu vaccine outreach program

Globalization, which is a new challenge for public health, includes which of

the following problems? Select all that apply.

a) Greater disparities between rich and poor

b) Environmental degradation
c) Greater need for newer technology
d) Greater distribution of tobacco and alcohol
e) Emergence or re-emergence of communicable diseases - ANSWERS-a)
Greater disparities between rich and poor
b) Environmental degradation
d) Greater distribution of tobacco and alcohol
e) Emergence or re-emergence of communicable diseases

Several nurses who work in the emergency room of an urban hospital notice
that a sizable number of children in a certain ethnic population have come in
with an illness, all presenting with similar symptoms. The nurses, who are
not public health specialists, can intervene in the health of a community
through their work with individuals by doing which of the following? Select all
that apply.

a) Increasing antibiotic therapy availability

b) Identifying characteristics of the disease
c) Grouping patients by diagnosis
d) Giving classes on how to avoid infections
e) Assessing the environment of the patients - ANSWERS-b) Identifying
characteristics of the disease
c) Grouping patients by diagnosis
d) Giving classes on how to avoid infections
e) Assessing the environment of the patients

The nursing student is taught correctly that local health departments do not
oversee which of the following?

a) The surveillance of disease

b) Investigation of disease outbreaks
c) Licensing of local hospitals
d) Public sanitation and water supply - ANSWERS-c) Licensing of local hospitals

The obesity rate in a local neighborhood is partially the product of a limited

access to full service grocery stores and a lack of dedicated safe venues for
exercise. This is an example of issues related to the "upstream"
determinants of public health that contribute to the ecology of a
community's health "downstream." The PHN understands that upstream
determinants include social relations, neighborhoods and communities,
institutions, and .

a) Social and economic policies

b) Availability of medicine to treat disease
c) Tertiary nursing interventions
d) Increasing the number of primary care providers - ANSWERS-a)
Social and economic policies

The PHN recognizes that environmental science, epidemiology, biostatistics,

biomedical sciences, and form the foundational subjects of public health.

a) Economics
b) The humanities
c) Social and behavioral sciences
d) Anthropology - ANSWERS-c) Social and behavioral sciences

The public health nurse (PHN) knows that he must approach a public health
problem with an understanding of the related underlying risk factors in order
to develop effective nursing interventions. He must also consider that these
risk factors can be either
based or based.

a) Disease; individual
b) Intervention; government
c) Epidemic; population
d) Individual; population - ANSWERS-d) Individual; population

A nurse is presenting a lecture about global health and life expectancy and
states that in America, the biggest reason for the increase in life expectancy
is:
a) Better public health practices
b) Increased education
c) Decreased crime
d) Improved housing - ANSWERS-a) Better public health practices

A nurse is preparing to volunteer with a charity organization working in India

that provides medical care to underserved communities. The nurse is
performing a cultural and community assessment and determines that their
per capita income is $2,97c. This classifies the country as:

a) Low income
b) Lower middle income
c) Upper middle income
d) High income - ANSWERS-b) Lower middle income

A public health nurse (PHN) is teaching a class about global health issues
when a student asks why the health of other countries is relevant to the
United States. The nurse replies:

a) "Because of the global world we live in, the health of one country can
profoundly affect the health, economy, and security of the rest of the
world."
b) "It doesn't, but being aware of health issues in other countries allows
nurses who are interested to volunteer their services internationally."
c) "Being aware of health issues in other countries gives us information
about what not to do as public health nurses."
d) "Looking at global health issues gives us information about how to treat
medical emergencies here." - ANSWERS-a) "Because of the global world we
live in, the health of one country can profoundly affect the health, economy,
and security of the rest of the world."

A PHN is teaching a class about international health policy. In that class,

what does primary health care refer to?

a) The first point of contact within the health-care system

b) The essential care needed for health, both in individuals and within the
community
c) The acute care setting
d) The coordinator of more specialized care - ANSWERS-b) The essential
care needed for health, both in individuals and within the community

A nurse is working with an organization that has established objectives to

assist LICs within their purview to achieve the Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs). They need additional funding, though, to help them reach their
policy goals. Which organization might they contact for help?

a) WHO
b) PAHO
c) World Bank
d) CDC - ANSWERS-c) World Bank

A nurse has been contacted to consult with the coordinating health

organization of the
U.N. This means that the nurse will be working with:

a) WHO
b) Global Health Center
c) World Bank
d) CDC - ANSWERS-a) WHO

A nurse is looking for international volunteer opportunities working with

women to promote reproductive health. Which organization is a good place
to contact?

a) Catholic Relief service

b) USAID
c) CDC
d) WHO - ANSWERS-b) USAID

A PHN is presenting a lecture to a nursing class about the Millennium

Development Goals (MDGs) and progress in meeting them. Which of the
following statements is correct?

a) The goal is to achieve them by 2020.

b) The selected outcomes are used to measure progress in each country.
c) Each goal and its outcome criteria is independent of the other
objectives within the MDGs.
d) There was significant progress in meeting some of the goals, but there
was a lack of progress for other goals. - ANSWERS-d) There was significant
progress in meeting some of the goals, but there was a lack of progress for
other goals.

A PHN is teaching a class about the global health issues that face the
world's population. Many of the students express frustration at the lack of
progress and ask what they can do. The nursing instructor responds that
which of the following may be the most effective, long-term solution?

a) Regular volunteer work and mission trips to foreign countries

b) Financial contributions to organizations providing health services
c) Promoting health literacy and increasing health education
d) Increasing the number of nursing education programs - ANSWERS-c)
Promoting health literacy and increasing health education

A nurse is working with a local community group in a LIC with a serious

problem from lack of adequate nursing staff. How can nurses be encouraged
to stay within the community?
a) Recruit more nurses from the local, rural community.
b) Institute continuing education programs for nurses to continue their
learning.
c) Provide education for nurses working in these areas about issues related
to working with the limited resources they have available.
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-d) All of the above

A nurse is evaluating the global issues surrounding nutrition and accessibility

of health food options. One unintended health consequence of the
globalization and industrialization of food production has been a(n):

a) Increase in noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes and heart disease

in LICs.
b) Decrease in maternal and child health issues in LICs.
c) Shift in the distribution of deaths from older populations to younger
populations in LICs.
d) Decline in noncommunicable diseases, especially in areas where
communicable disease is declining. - ANSWERS-a) Increase in
noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes and heart disease in LICs.

A nurse is working in a community clinic in Bangladesh treating many

members of the medically-indigent population. A young man comes into the
clinic with a large ulcerated lump on the back of his leg. He reports having
noticed a fly bite at that spot a few days ago. What does the nurse suspect?

a) Leishmaniasis
b) Malaria
c) Dengue fever
d) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) - ANSWERS-a) Leishmaniasis

An experienced emergency department nurse is beginning a volunteer

experience at a large rural hospital in sub-Saharan Africa. Before beginning
work the next week, what should the nurse do first?

a) Visit the hospital to figure out the layout, supply situation, and the patient
care model used.
b) Begin studying the language.
c) Review advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) and basic life support (BLS)
protocols.
d) Perform a cultural assessment of the community in which he or she will be
working. - ANSWERS-a) Visit the hospital to figure out the layout, supply
situation, and the patient care model used.

A nurse is caring for a young man in the emergency department. He

presents with severe headache, a rash, joint pain, and a fever of 10c.5° F. He
reports having traveled to India recently. What does the nurse suspect?

a) Leishmaniasis
b) Dengue fever
c) Severe acute respiratory syndrome
d) Malaria - ANSWERS-b) Dengue fever

A nurse is working at a very crowded hospital in Southeast Asia. There are

not enough staff members or supplies for the nurse to properly care for
many of the patients. How can the nurse handle the immediate situation?

a) Post ads to recruit new health-care staff.

b) Close the hospital to further patients until the staffing situation improves.
c) Delegate routine care and hygiene tasks to family members who are
staying with their loved ones.
d) Develop continuing education programs about caring for culturally
diverse populations for the nurses to complete in their spare time. -
ANSWERS-c) Delegate routine care and hygiene tasks to family members
who are staying with their loved ones.

A nurse is educating emergency department nurses about the symptoms of

Avian influenza, as there is some evidence of infection overseas. The nurse
wants the staff to be aware of the symptoms so they can closely monitor for
the virus. Which of the following symptoms should be included?

a) Eye infections
b) Pneumonia
c) Fever
d) Muscle weakness and paralysis
e) Cough - ANSWERS-a) Eye infections
b) Pneumonia
c) Fever
e) Cough

A nurse is assisting a primary health clinic in a rural South American country

in establishing a quality and inclusive primary care program. The nurse
reviews the WHO components of primary health care for guidance. Which of
the following components are included in the WHO guide?

a) Diminish social disparities in health.

b) Improve maternal and child health care.
c) Better organize health care around the needs of the community.
d) Improve funding for primary-care programs.
e) Increase collaborative relationships and stakeholder participation in
public policy development. - ANSWERS-a) Diminish social disparities in
health.
c) Better organize health care around the needs of the community.
e) Increase collaborative relationships and stakeholder participation in public
policy development.
A nurse working in a clinic in South America suspects that a patient, a young
woman, has Chagas. What contraindications should the nurse screen for
before initiating treatment?

a) Liver disease
b) Renal disease
c) Bleeding abnormalities
d) Pulmonary disease
e) Pregnancy - ANSWERS-a) Liver disease
b) Renal disease
e) Pregnancy

Two nurses are establishing a primary health-care clinic in a rural part of

Africa. Their goal is to include as many of the essential components of
primary health care, as defined during a WHO conference in Alma Alta.
Which of the following functions would likely be included in their model of
care? Select all that apply

a) Patient education about health problems

b) Maternal and child health care
c) Principles of proper nutrition
d) Adequate supply of safe water and healthy foods
e) Treatment and prevention of local infectious diseases - ANSWERS-
a) Patient education about health problems
b) Maternal and child health care
c) Principles of proper nutrition
d) Adequate supply of safe water and healthy foods
e) Treatment and prevention of local infectious diseases

A nurse is teaching a class about different models of care. The nurse

explains that
is the most important person in the primary health-care model.

a) The individual/family
b) The population
c) The primary-care physician
d) The medical specialist - ANSWERS-a) The individual/family

A nurse is looking to reduce the number of teen smokers in her community.

The nurse implements a community-wide program to raise awareness about
the dangers of nicotine use and creates a support group specifically aimed
at teens looking to quit smoking. This is an example of:

a) Health protection.
b) Health promotion.
c) Risk reduction.
d) Tertiary prevention. - ANSWERS-b) Health promotion.
A community health nurse is training new nurses about the development of
public health programs to benefit community members. The nurse explains
that even though primary care focuses on caring for an individual, health
promotion activities need to focus on:

a) The family.
b) Each individual patient.
c) Good medical care.
d) The community. - ANSWERS-d) The community.

A young woman presents to her primary care provider. Her mother has just
been diagnosed with Huntington's disease and several other members of
her family have been diagnosed with the condition as well. She wants to
know her options regarding testing to see if she is a genetic carrier. From
an ethical perspective what issue would be most important to discuss with
the patient?

a) The cost of Huntington's disease screening

b) Whether the test is available at the local lab
c) What will happen when her insurance finds out the results
d) The fact that there is no known treatment that can alter the
progression of the disease. - ANSWERS-d) The fact that there is no known
treatment that can alter the progression of the disease.

A nurse is working with a community center that primarily serves a nearby

Native American tribe. The nurse knows that many of the tribe members
suffer from type 2 diabetes. Which of the following interventions is an
example of a tertiary prevention?

a) Teaching school aged children healthy exercise.

b) Conducting a blood glucose screening program for the adults in the
community.
c) Actively encouraging patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes to have
foot, eye, and hemoglobin A1C screening tests every three months.
c) Publishing a culturally grounded guide about preventing diabetes using
input from the tribal leaders and distributing it to all persons who come to
the clinic. - ANSWERS-c) Actively encouraging patients diagnosed with type 2
diabetes to have foot, eye, and hemoglobin A1C screening tests every three
months.

A nurse working in a primary health-care setting is reviewing the patient

education materials they keep in the office. How should the nurse consider
updating the forms?

a) Review for medical accuracy and update as needed.

b) Perform a cultural assessment to see how the population has changed
since the forms were created.
c) Translate into the languages of cultural groups who frequently use the
community center.
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-d) All of the above
A nurse takes a new job in an inner city community health clinic. The nurse
discusses with the families she sees how to achieve a healthy lifestyle
without seeing any change. She finally discusses this with one mother whose
children are struggling with obesity.
The mother states that she is unable to find fresh fruits and vegetables in
their neighborhood and resorts to the use of fast food. This information
makes the nurse wonder if this is true for other families. What would be the
nurse's next step?

a) Ask families she sees to keep a food journal to see what food
substitutions could be made.
b) Perform a community assessment to determine what stores and food
sources are available in the community.
c) Arrange for free bussing from the community center to the closest
supermarket.
d) Refer them to the local supplemental nutrition assistance program
(SNAP) office to help them obtain benefits. - ANSWERS-b) Perform a
community assessment to determine what stores and food sources are
available in the community.

A new strain of flu has emerged, and the CDC has released a new vaccine
that is for use in high-risk populations. Which population is most apt to be
high-risk?

a) Pregnant women
b) Older adults
c) Children
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-d) All of the above

A nurse has worked at a community health center for many years. Over the
last several months, the nurse has noticed a significant decline in community
members using the resources available at the clinic. What is the first thing
the nurse should do?

a) Begin offering daycare services and free transportation to the clinic to

make it more convenient.
b) Reach out to former patients to determine why they are no longer
returning to the clinic.
c) Perform a community assessment.
d) Begin offering a new patient reduced fee rate. - ANSWERS-b) Reach out
to former patients to determine why they are no longer returning to the
clinic.

A school nurse is assessing the health education component of the

coordinated school health program at one of the elementary schools that is
covered. Which of the following is not a part of this component?

a) A qualified trained person teaches the program.

b) The program is run for children in first through fifth grade.
c) It assists students in maintaining and improving health.
d) The comprehensive health education curriculum addresses the physical,
emotional, social, and mental health of its students and families. -
ANSWERS-b) The program is run for children in first through fifth grade.
A school nurse recently accepted a position to run a school-based health
center. At the center the nurse will be able to do all but which of the
following?

a) Treatment for tuberculosis (TB)

b) Acute care evaluation
c) Noncommunicable disease management
d) Sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing - ANSWERS-a) Treatment for
tuberculosis (TB)

A school nurse is reviewing the vaccination records of the students. Several

children are missing one or more vaccinations. How should the nurse
proceed?

a) Call the parents and inform them that their child is missing some
vaccinations and explain the importance of staying current with the
vaccination schedules.
b) Inform the principal and have the students removed from class the next
day until the parents bring proof of the immunizations.
c) Do nothing; the parents have the right to refuse vaccinations for their child.
d) Order the vaccine and start administering vaccines as needed during the
school day.
- ANSWERS-a) Call the parents and inform them that their child is
missing some vaccinations and explain the importance of staying
current with the vaccination schedules.

A new school nurse is reviewing the procedures put in place by the prior
nurse, a woman with over 30 years of experience. The nurse notices that a
school-wide scoliosis screening occurs every fall. How does the new nurse
proceed?

a) Continue performing the scoliosis screenings each year.

b) Only continue scoliosis screening on students who are symptomatic.
c) Eliminate scoliosis screenings altogether.
d) Check state screening guidelines to see what is required for school
nurses in the state. - ANSWERS-d) Check state screening guidelines to
see what is required for school nurses in the state.

A school nurse is performing a quarterly inspection of the equipment in the

school. The nurse's priority is to make sure which piece of equipment is
present and working properly?

a) Code cart
b) Automated external defibrillator (AED)
c) Otoscope
d) Flowmeter - ANSWERS-b) Automated external defibrillator (AED)

A school nurse is preparing a presentation for the rest of the teaching staff
about severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis. Which of the following
statements is correct?
a) The most common food allergens are soy, chocolate, and strawberries.
b) The EpiPen Act of 2013 improves management of anaphylaxis in the school
setting.
c) Most anaphylactic reactions occur at home.
d) Reported food allergies are decreasing among children. - ANSWERS-b)
The EpiPen Act of 2013 improves management of anaphylaxis in the school
setting.

A school nurse is speaking with one of the teachers in the elementary

school. The teacher is discussing one of the students who has become very
disruptive in the classroom. The student's grades are suffering and the
teacher notices that the student is frequently out of his chair and not paying
attention to what the rest of the class is doing. How should the nurse handle
the situation?

a) Call the student's physician on file. The nurse should speak with the
physician about prescribing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
medication.
b) Inform the student's parents about the situation and let them decide how to
proceed.
c) Instruct the teacher and the student's parents to complete a Conners
Rating Scale. The nurse should also observe the student in the classroom.
d) Suggest methods of age-appropriate discipline for the teacher to try with
the student.
- ANSWERS-c) Instruct the teacher and the student's parents to complete
a Conners Rating Scale. The nurse should also observe the student in the
classroom.

A parent has called the school nurse's office to discuss her daughter's new
diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. The parent is inquiring about what role the
nurse will play in managing her care while the girl is in school. How does the
nurse respond?

a) "As a nurse, I can help her if she becomes ill in class, but I can't help her
manage her diabetes."
b) "I can help her adjust her insulin dosing as needed to ensure that she
stays at a proper blood glucose level."
c) "I will help regulate her diet so that she doesn't consume too much sugar."
d) "I can help administer the prescribed insulin dose, perform blood glucose
testing, and manage symptoms of hypoglycemia." - ANSWERS-d) "I can help
administer the prescribed insulin dose, perform blood glucose testing, and
manage symptoms of hypoglycemia."

A school nurse has observed a slight increase in teacher absenteeism due

to illness and decides to implement several new programs to boost
employee wellness. What is the nurse's first step?

a) Send out questionnaires to all of the staff members to see what type
of programs they would be interested in.
b) Set a goal to reduce absenteeism by 5 percent within the next year.
c) Start a yearly health fair to set goals for the following year.
d) Implement a staff-wide weight loss competition. - ANSWERS-a) Send out
questionnaires to all of the staff members to see what type of programs
they would be interested in.
A nurse has observed that a particular fifth grade student visits the office
two to three times each week with stomach aches, headaches, and vague
complaints of not feeling well. This has been continuing for several months.
What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?

a) Refuse to see the child anymore.

b) Call his parents to discuss his symptoms and the need to be
evaluated by his pediatrician.
c) Send the child home until he obtains medical clearance to return.
d) Refer him to the school psychiatrist for mental evaluation. - ANSWERS-
b) Call his parents to discuss his symptoms and the need to be evaluated
by his pediatrician.

A nurse is working with local government officials and political lobbyists to

prompt a vote to improve the school lunch program. The nurse knows that
this is an example of:

a) Advocacy.
b) Public health policy.
c) Health equity.
d) Public health economics. - ANSWERS-a) Advocacy.

A nurse is working at a local community health center. The nurse is speaking

with an elderly Native American man who lives on a nearby reservation. He
reports that many members of his tribe are unable to afford health care and
many have an alcohol use disorder and/or type 2 diabetes. What program
should the nurse suggest that the gentleman contact?

a) Indian Health Services

b) Medicaid
c) Medicare
d) Alcoholics Anonymous - ANSWERS-a) Indian Health Services

A nurse is looking to create policies that would reduce the rate of tobacco
use by teenagers in the local community. Who would be the most important
group to consult with when performing a community assessment?

a) Physicians and educators

b) Local teenagers
c) Public health and tobacco experts
d) Local shop owners and community council members - ANSWERS-b) Local
teenagers

A school nurse is evaluating the lunch program in the district after a student
had a serious anaphylactic reaction to peanuts. The school is located in a
lower socioeconomic area of the city. What new policy would make the most
sense in this school?
a) Mandate that all students purchase their food on campus and not bring
any food into the building.
b) Obtain funding to provide free school lunches for everyone.
c) Make the school a completely peanut-free campus.
d) Ensure that every classroom has access to an EpiPen in case of future
reactions. - ANSWERS-c) Make the school a completely peanut-free
campus.

A nurse is giving a lecture about public policy and policy changes. A

student wants to know about the rights of individuals when setting public
health policy. How should the nurse respond?

a) The rights of individuals always outweigh the collective good.

b) The collective good always outweighs the rights of individuals.
c) Public health policy is based on governmental interests and not the
collective good or individual rights.
d) Public health policy is based on the assumption that society has the right
to collectively assure conditions for healthy people while taking into account
the rights of individuals. - ANSWERS-d) Public health policy is based on the
assumption that society has the right to collectively assure conditions for
healthy people while taking into account the rights of individuals.

A nurse is working with the local representative to pass a law raising the
legal age for purchasing tobacco to 21 years old. It has been passed into the
committee phase of the legislative process. How should the nurse prepare
for the next step?

a) Contact all of the local legislators to lobby for passing of the bill.
b) Encourage local citizens to vote on the bill and promote a local grassroots
campaign base in the community.
c) Prepare evidence-based research and current clinical studies to support
their position and educate committee members about the medicine behind
nicotine addiction in youths.
d) Inform local store owners about the impending change in the law. -
ANSWERS-c) Prepare evidence-based research and current clinical studies
to support their position and educate committee members about the
medicine behind nicotine addiction in youths.

An occupational health nurse is speaking with union representatives about a

long- standing problem with insufficient safety equipment at a local surgical
center. Where does the nurse suggest they report the problem?

a) OSHA
b) JCAHO
c) City council
d) The medical director - ANSWERS-a) OSHA
A team of nursing students are working with the public health department to
obtain funding for community outreach health clinics in an underserved
neighborhood. They have been asked to include a budget for the clinic and a
plan for obtaining funding. The students are specifically utilizing:

a) Health economics.
b) Public health finance.
c) Market economy.
d) Federal funding guidelines. - ANSWERS-b) Public health finance.

A nurse is counseling a young woman with a new diagnosis of gonorrhea.

What should be included in her care?

a) The nurse will need to contact all of the woman's prior sexual partners to
inform them of her diagnosis.
b) Since filing a partner management report with the state health
department is mandated, the nurse should inform the patient that
she will be sending a report.
c) All of the above
d) None of the above - ANSWERS-b) Since filing a partner management
report with the state health department is mandated, the nurse should
inform the patient that she will be sending a report.

A nurse is having a discussion with a patient about who should be

responsible for overseeing the public health system and the health of
American citizens. The patient states that each person should be responsible
for his or her own health. The nurse replies that the American Constitution
gives this power to:

a) Federal government.
b) State governments.
c) Local governments.
d) Private insurance companies - ANSWERS-b) State governments.

A nurse is working in a prison health center with female prisoners. The nurse
is anticipating having to manage which of the following conditions is three to
five times higher in women prisoners than rates in the general population?

a) Cognitive disorders
b) HIV
c) Dental problems
d) Mental disorders - ANSWERS-d) Mental disorders

A school nurse has observed an increase in bullying behavior in her school.

The nurse has noticed that a lot of it seems to be directed toward two gay
students and wonders if a school policy change is required to change this
behavior. How should the school nurse proceed?
a) Institute a zero tolerance policy for any bullying behavior.
b) Set goals for zero incidents of bullying next year.
c) Perform a community assessment to see why the bullying behavior has
increased.
d) Get the teachers involved in teaching anti-bullying behavior in the
classroom. - ANSWERS-c) Perform a community assessment to see why the
bullying behavior has increased.

A nurse is sitting in a community clinic and chatting with a South American

patient. He reports that other members of the community are rude to him
and his family and act as if he and his family are not part of the community.
He mentions that this is a common experience among the South American
population living in town. The nurse knows that:

a) This likely plays no role in his health or health status.

b) This family is being stigmatized.
c) The family needs to focus on bonding with their South American community.
d) Marginalization can lead to increased vulnerability and health disparities.
- ANSWERS-d) Marginalization can lead to increased vulnerability and health
disparities.

A public health nurse (PHN) is starting a study of different populations in the

community to see which groups have faced marginalization, and to what
degree. The PHN is looking for evidence that:

a) A group has been discriminated against based on their race or ethnicity.

b) A group has been treated as if they are not important or of little
consequence to the rest of society.
c) A group has been labeled by society as possessing a particular
characteristic that is not valued, leading to a loss of status.
d) A group has been assigned a negative or positive belief that is believed
to apply to the entire group. - ANSWERS-b) A group has been treated as if
they are not important or of little consequence to the rest of society.

A nurse is working with the local government to determine where best to

spend money obtained from a new funding program. The nurse is looking for
particularly vulnerable communities. Which of the following communities
might be best served by the increased funding?

a) A primarily Hispanic community that is rich in culture and community

b) A low socioeconomic Caucasian community that is facing abnormally
high levels of lung cancer
c) A middle class African American community with an obesity rate of 15
percent
d) An upper class community where there is an outbreak of hand, foot,
and mouth disease - ANSWERS-b) A low socioeconomic Caucasian
community that is facing abnormally high levels of lung cancer

A nurse is teaching a class about the effect of socioeconomic status on

health outcomes. The nurse explains that socioeconomic status is related
to:
a) Income.
b) Occupation.
c) Education.
d) All of the above. - ANSWERS-d) All of the above.

A nurse is caring for a young homeless man on the medical floor of the local
hospital. He was admitted several days ago to safely detox from alcohol. He
reports having nowhere to go once he is discharged. Who should be
involved in his discharge planning?

a) Social worker
b) Addiction specialist
c) Psychiatrist
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-d) All of the above

A nurse is caring for a young man who is squatting in an old factory a mile
away. The nurse documents that he is experiencing what type of
homelessness?

a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) He is not homeless because he has an indoor shelter in which to sleep. -
ANSWERS-
a) Primary

A nurse received funding to start a mobile health unit to serve the health
needs of the homeless population. In addition to having a good
understanding of noncommunicable diseases, what other specialty areas
would be helpful in caring for this population?

a) Treatment of substance use disorders

b) Treatment of communicable diseases
c) Treatment of mental health disorders
d) All of the above - ANSWERS-d) All of the above

A nurse is performing a pelvic exam on a woman in her mid-twenties who

has self- identified as a lesbian. The nurse asks the woman what type of birth
control she uses and the woman asks her why she would need birth control
since she is not at risk for becoming pregnant. How should the nurse
respond?

a) "That's correct, you do not need contraception."

b) "You should consider contraception anyway, just in case you ever
decide to be intimate with a man."
c) "You still need to use a barrier contraceptive because of the risk
of sexually transmitted infections."
d) "Hormonal contraceptives might be a good option for you." - ANSWERS-c)
"You still need to use a barrier contraceptive because of the risk of sexually
transmitted infections."

A nurse is working within a community clinic on the Mexican-Californian

border. The nurse frequently takes care of refugee families when they first
arrive in the United States. When meeting with a new family, the nurse
makes sure to inform them that they are eligible for which of the following
services?

a) Medicaid eligibility
b) Free health insurance for 1 year
c) Housing and food support
d) Free English classes - ANSWERS-c) Housing and food support

A nurse encounters a young woman with her child in the community. They
do not speak English, but the nurse is fluent in Spanish and is able to
communicate with them in their native language. The woman is very
frightened and states that she can't go back to her country because the local
government will harm her and her child if she does not convert to
Catholicism. The nurse takes the woman to the local immigration office to
apply for what status?

a) Asylee
b) Refugee
c) Immigrant
d) Permanent resident - ANSWERS-a)Asylee

A nurse is speaking with politicians about the need to modify the poverty
threshold to be fairer to people living in poverty and people living just over
the poverty line. Which of the following are potential ways that the poverty
threshold could be amended to be more accurate or fair? Select all that
apply.

a) Amend it to reflect increased spending on healthcare and transportation.

b) Amend it to reflect increased housing costs.
c) Amend it to reflect increased need and cost of childcare.
d) Amend it to reflect increased spending on food.
e) Amend it to reflect regional cost of living. - ANSWERS-a) Amend it
to reflect increased spending on healthcare and transportation.
b) Amend it to reflect increased housing costs.
c) Amend it to reflect increased need and cost of childcare.
e) Amend it to reflect regional cost of living.

A nurse is training for a new job at a community clinic after moving to

Central California, an area rich in agriculture and migrant workers. The nurse
asks about specific social and health issues that the migrant worker
population faces and the nurse supervisor replies: Select all that apply.
a) They have difficulty establishing residency in a single location, making
them ineligible for government benefits.
b) Most of them lack access to workers compensation or disability insurance.
c) Frequent travel and location changes make it difficult for them to
establish continuity of care with a single provider.
d) Illegal immigration status is often a problem.
e) Language is often a barrier. - ANSWERS-a) They have difficulty
establishing residency in a single location, making them ineligible for
government benefits.
b) Most of them lack access to workers compensation or disability insurance.
c) Frequent travel and location changes make it difficult for them to
establish continuity of care with a single provider.
e) Language is often a barrier.

A nurse is preparing a class on caring for the homeless population. The nurse
asks the class to brainstorm some risk factors for becoming homeless. Which
of the following should the class list as known risk factors for homelessness?
Select all that apply.

a) Young families
b) Caucasians
c) Single men
d) African Americans
e) Having a mental disorder - ANSWERS-c) Single men
d) African Americans
e) Having a mental disorder

It is the first day of orientation for new graduate public health nurses. The
instructor explains that as PHNs they will need to fill many roles, including
which of the following? Select all that apply.

a) Educator
b) Advocate
c) Administrator
d) Researcher
e) Social worker - ANSWERS-b) Advocate
d) Researcher