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IN MEMORY OF AMI AND APAJAN
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Contents
Preface xiii
Preface to the SI Edition xvi
About the Author xvii
Digital Resources xviii
2 Loads on Structures 17
vii
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viii Contents
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Contents ix
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x Contents
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Contents xi
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xii Contents
Bibliography 789
Answers to Selected Problems 791
Index 799
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Preface
xiii
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xiv Preface
Acknowledgments
I wish to express my thanks to Timothy Anderson, Mona Zeftel, and Alexander
Sham of Cengage Learning for their constant support and encouragement
throughout this project, and to Rose Kernan for all her help during the
production phase. The comments and suggestions for improvement from
colleagues and students who have used previous editions are gratefully
acknowledged. All of their suggestions were carefully considered, and
implemented whenever possible. Thanks are due to the following reviewers
for their careful reviews of the manuscripts of the various editions, and for
their constructive suggestions:
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Preface xv
Aslam Kassimali
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Preface to the SI Edition
xvi
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About the Author
xvii
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Digital Resources
Cognero
Cengage Learning Testing Powered by Cognero is a full-featured, online
assessment system available to instructors. With the test generator, instructors
can create tests from publisher-provided question sets, edit publisher ques-
tions, create new questions, tag questions with learning objectives, and print
tests or deliver them online through a learning management system.
xviii
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Part One
Introduction to Structural
Analysis and Loads
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1
Introduction to Structural
Analysis
1.1 Historical Background
1.2 Role of Structural Analysis in Structural Engineering Projects
1.3 Classification of Structures
1.4 Analytical Models
Summary
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4 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Structural Analysis
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solüt-, 5, o release or pay in full. persona, ee, F., mask, character (in
a play), person. personatus, a, um, masked, assumed, fictitious.
persono, ui, it-, 1, o resound, make sound, cry aloud. i perspecte,
intelligently. perspecto, 1, /o look at or through. perspectus, a, um,
evident. perspergo, si, sum, 3, sprinkle, wet: perspicax,acis, sharp-
sighted, keen. perspicio, exi, ect-, 3, /ook or see through, examine,
ascertain. perspicue, clearly. perspicuus, a, um, /ransparent, clear,
manifest. : perspiro, r, breathe everywhere. persto, stiti, stat-, I,
stand fast. perstrepo, ui, it-, 5, resound. perstringo, nxi, ct-, 5, bind,
graze against, blunt, reprove, touch on.
142 persuadeo, si, sum, 2, persuade, convince, prevail on.
persuasio, Onis, F.; -sus, üs, M., persuasion, conviction. persulto, 1,
/eap or skip about. perteedet, i/ utterly wearies. pertego, xi, ct, 3,
cover thoroughly. pertendo, di, sum, 5, carry on, go forward.
pertento, 1, fry, test, seize. pertenuis, e, very thin or weak.
pertergeo, si, sum, 2, wipe, rub. perterreo, ui, it-, 1, terrify. pertexo,
xui, xt, 5, finish. pertica, ee, F., pole, staff. pertimesco, mui, 5, dread
greatly. pertinacia, ee, F., obstinacy, firmness, pertinacity.
pertinaciter, stubbornly. pertinax, acis, firm, unyielding. pertineo, ui,
2, reach, belong, apply. pertingo, 3, extend. pertractate, elaborately.
pertracto, r1, touch, handle. pertraho, xi, ct-, 3, drag, draw.
pertundo, tudi, tus, 3, beat, thrust through, perforate. perturbàtio,
onis, F., disturbance. perturbo, r, disturb, confuse. pertüsus, [tundo,]
pierced. perungo, unxi, unct-, 3, besmear. perüro, ussi, ust-, burn,
consume, inflame, parch with cold. pervado, si, sum, 3, pass
through, peruade, arrive. | pervagatus, a, um, wide-spread.
pervagor, r, roam through, pervade. perveho, xi, ct-, 3, carry
through. pervello, i, 3, tiwitch, rouse, revile. pervenio, veni, vent-, 4,
arrive. perverse, wrongly. perversus, a, um, awry, wrong. perverto,
ti, sum, 3, (urn awry, overthrow, ruin, corrupt. pervestigo, 1, track,
examine. perviam, accessible. pervicacia, ee, F., obstinacy. pervicax,
acis, firm, stubborn. pervideo, vidi, vis-, 2, examine, view.
pervigilium, i, M., night-watch. persuadeo — phala. pervigilo, 1, to
watch all night. pervinco, vici, vict-, 5, /horoughly conquer, prevail,
maintain. pervius, a, passable, pervious. pervolito, 1, /lit through.
pervolo, 1, //j about, dart through. pervolo, velle, volui, wish greatly.
pervorto—perverto, 3, turn awry. pervulgatus, a, um, very common,
well-known. pervulgo, ri, spread abroad, make common, haunt,
frequent. pes, pedis, M., foot; sheet (of sail). pessimus, a, um,
[malus,] vworse. pessulus, i, M. ; -um, i, N., bolt. pessum, (/o the
bottom; ixe, to perish ; dare, to ruin, undo. pestifer, era, um,
pestilential. pestilens,tis, norious, unwholesome. pestilentia, ee, F.,
plague, pestilence. pestis, is, F., plague, pest, destruction, ruin,
bane. petaso (io), onis, M., shoulder (of pork) petasus, i, M., broad-
brimmed cap. petaurum, i, N., s/age, spring-board. . petigo, inis, F.,
scab, eruption. petitio, Onis, F., attack, request, . soliciting of office.
petitor, Oris, M., seeker, plaintiff. peto, ivi, it-, 3, seek, aim at, attack,
ask, demand, sue for, solicit, fetch. 1 petra, ee, F., rock, cliff, crag.
petrosus, a, um, rocky. petulans, tis, pert, saucy, wanton. petulanter,
wantonly. petulantia, ee, F., impudence, pertnes$, wantonness.
petuülcus, a, um, apt to butt. tpeuce, es, F. pilch-pine. pexus, a, um,
woolly. Pheeacia—Corcytra ( ?). T pheenomenon, i, N., appearance.
Phaéthon, ontis, son of Helios (the Sun), and Clymeneé.
Pheethonteus (-tius) a, um, of Phaethon. Pheethontias (-tis), dis,
sister of Phaethon. phala—fala, scaffold.
phalanga, ee, F., pole, roller. phalanx, gis, F., solid square
(of troops), phalanx. halaris, tyrant of Agrigentum, about B.C. 550.
phaleree, arum, F., medal, decoration, ornament. tphallus,i, M., a
symbol of fertility. t phantasma, tis, M., apparition. 1 pharetra, ee, F.,
quiver. pharetratus, a, um, bearing the quiver. T pharmaceutria, ee,
F., sorceress. Pharnaces, k. of Pontus, defeated by Csesar, B.C. 46.
Pharsalus, i, F., a town in Thessaly, famous for the defeat of Pompey,
B.C. 48. Pharos, i; F, an island near Alexandria ; light-house.
tphaselus, i, q., £idney-bean. Phasianus (-acus), a, um; as, adis, of
the Phasis ; M., a pheasant. Phasis, idis (idos), M., a city and river in
Colchis. Pheneos,i, F., a town of Arcadia. Pheree, árum, a city of
Thessaly. Phidias, an Athenian sculptor, B.C. 4898-432. Phileeni,
orum, two Carthaginian brothers, buried alive on the Cyrenian
frontier. Philippi, orum, M. a city of Macedonia, where Brutus and
Cassius were defeated, B.C. 42. Philippus, i, k. of Macedonia, f. of
Alexander ; B.C. 382-336. [1 philo-, fond of. Philoctetes, e, a
companion of Hercules, who received his poisoned arrows. t
philologus, a, um, of learning or scholarship. Philomela, ee, F., sister
of Progne, changed to a nightingale. 1 philosophia, ee, F.,
philosophy. Tphilosophor, 1, pAilosophize. t philosophus, a, um,
philosophic ; M., philosopher. t philyra, ee, F., linden-bark. t phimus,
i, N., dice-boz. phalanga — Picti. 143 Phineus, ei (eos), myth. king of
Thrace, struck with blindness and tormented by the Harpies.
fPhlegethon, ontis, the fiery river of Hades. Phlegreeus, a, um, of
PhAlegra, in Macedonia, where the giants were struck with lightning.
1 phoca, ee (-6, 6s), F., seal, sea-dog. Phocaea, ee, a town of lonia,
mother-city of Massalia. Phocis, idis, F., a dist. of northern Greece.
Phoebe, es, — Diana, sister of Phoebus (the Moon). Phoebus, i, M.,
Apollo, the Sun. Phoenice, es, F., Phoenicia, Syria. Phoenissa, e, F., a
Phoenician woman. : Phoenix, pl., 1ces, PAhenician. 1 phoenix, icis,
M., phaniz, a fabulous bird. Phorcus, i; son of Neptune, a sea-god,
father of Medusa. tPhosphorus, i, M. (light-bringer), the Morning
Star. Phrixus, son of Athamas, borne to Colchis by the ram of the
golden fleece. Phrygés, um, the Phrygians. Phryegia, ee, F., the
central dist. of Asia Minor. Phrygius, a, um, PArygian, Trojan. Phthia,
e, a town of Thessaly, birthplace of Achilles. t phylacista ee, M.,
jailer, dun. t physicus, a, um, of science. 1 physis, is, F., nature.
piáabilis, e, expiable. piacularis, e, expiator y. piaculum, i, N., victim,
sin-offering, punishment, guilt, remedy. piamen, inis; -mentum, i, N.,
a atonement. pica, ee, F., magpie. picátus, a, um, pitchy. picea, ee,
F., pitch-pine. Picenum, i, N., dist. of E. Italy. piceus, a, um, pitch-
black. pico, 1, daub with pitch or tar. Picti, orum, people of N.
Britain.
144 pictor, Oris, M., painter. pictura, ee, F., painting, picture.
pictus, [pingo,] painted, colored. picus, i, M., woodpecker. Picus, i.
myth. son of Saturn, gr.father of Latinus. pie, piously, kindly.
Pieridés, um, r., //e Muses, daughters of Pieros, k. of Thessaly.
pietas, atis, F., sense of duty, piety, affection, tenderness. piger, gra,
um, grudging, dull, sad. piget, uit, 2, i! veres, annoys. pigmentum, i,
F., a color, dye. pignero, I, give in pledge, pawn. pigneror, 1, /ake as
pledge. pignus, óris, N., pledge, stake, token. pigre, backwardly,
sluggishly. pigritia, ee; -es, ei, F., indolence. pila, ee, F., pillar, mortar,
pier. pila (-ula), ee, rF., Pall. pilanus, a, um, of the third rank. pilatus,
a, um, close, dense ; armed with javelins. pileatus, a, um, capped,
bonneted. pilentum, i, N., carriage. pileus (-olus), i, M. ; -um,i, N.,
cap. pilo, 1, ram down, thrust. pilo, r, make bare, pillage. pilum, i, N.,
pounder ; heavy javelin. pilus, i, M., Aair. pilus, i, M., , rank of
infantry. Pimpleus, a, um, of Pimpla, a fount of Pieria ; F, (-6is, idos),
Muse. Tpinacotheca, ee, F., picture-gallery T pincerna, ee, M., cup-
bearer. Pindarus, i, a Theban lyric poet, B.C. 522-492. Pindus, i, M., a
mt. of Thessaly. pinétum, i, N., pine-wood Es grove. pineus, a, um,
of pine; F., pinecone; pinea moles, ship. pingo, nxi, ct-, 3, paint,
stain, embroider. pinguesco, 3, grow fat. pinguis, e, fat, rich, dull,
dense. pinguiter, fatly, stupidly. pinguitüdo, inis, r. , fatness. pinifer (-
ger), era, um , pine- bearing. pinna (-ula), ee, F., feather. pinnatus,
a, am, feüthered, plumed. pictor — pix. pinniger, era, um, qwinged.
pinso, si (sui), sum (tum, situm), 3, (o pound, bruise. pinus, üs (i) F.,
pine; ship, torch. pio, 1, propitiate, expiate. piper, eris, N., pepper.
pipilo, 1 ; pipio, 4, chirp, whünper. pipio, onis, F., a nestling. pipulum,
i, N., chirping, outcry. Pireeeus, i, M., the port of Athens. 1 pirata,
ee, M., pirate. T piráticus. a, um, of pirates; F., piracy. Pirene, es, F.,
a fount at Corinth. Pirithoüs, i, 'son of Ixion, king of Lapithze ; friend
of Theseus. pirum, i, N., pear. pirus, i, F., pear tree. Pisa, ee, a city of
Elis, made famous by the Olympic games. Pisee, arum, a city of
Etruria, Pisa. Pisaurum,i, N., a town of Umbria. piscarius, a, um, of
fish; M., fishmonger ; F., fish-market. piscator, oris, M., fisherman.
piscatorius, a, um, of fishermen. piscatus, üs, M., fishing. piscina, ee,
F., fish-pond, pool. piscis, is (-culus, i), M., fish. piscor, 1, catch fish.
piscosus, a, um, /ishy. Pisidia, &, F., a southern district of Asia Minor.
Pisistrátus, i, tyrant of Athens, from A.D. 560-527. 1 pissinus, a, um,
of pitch. pistillum, i, N. ; us, i, M., pestle. pistor, Oris, M., miller,
baker. pistrina, ee, F., bake-house. pistrinum, i, N., mill, bakery.
pistris, is ; -ix, icis, F., shark. pistus, [pinso,] pounded, grouud.
pisum, i, N., pease. 1 pithecus, i, M. ; -ium, i, N., ape. 1 pittacium, i,
N., /abel. Pittheus, i, myth. king of Troezen, gr.-father of Theseus.
pituita, ee, F., slime, phlegm. pius, a, um (compar. magis pius),
pious, tender, reverentia. pix, picis, F., pitch.
placabilis — poenalis. placabilis, e, mild, placable. . placate,
gently, calmly. placatio, onis, rF., pacifying. placátus, a, um, soothed,
calm. placenta, ee, F., cake. : Placentia, ee, F., Piacenza, a city of N.
Italy, on the Po. placeo, ui, it-, 2, please, satisfy. placide, gently.
placidus, a, um, mild, gentle. placitum, i, N., opinion, decree.
placitus, a, um, pleasing, acceptable. placo, r1, soothe, appease,
reconcile. 1 plaga, ee, F., blow, stroke. plaga, ee, F., region ; pl.,
snare, trap. plagium, i, N., kidnapping. plagosus, a, um, fond of
flogging. plagula, ee, F., curtain, sheet. planca, ee, F., board, plank.
planctus, a, um, [plango,] beaten. planctus, üs, M., beating, wailing.
plane, clearly, wholly, by all means. t planeta, ee, M., planet. plango,
nxi, nct-, 3, beat, bewail. plangor, oris, M., beating, wailing. planities,
ei, F., /eve! surface, plain. planta, ee, F., sprout, (wig ; sole.
plantaris, e, of setting, for the foot ; N., pl, young trees. plànus, a,
um, even, level, clear. Tplanus, i, M., vagabond, impostor. 1 plasma,
atis, N., mould, image. plasticus, a, um, of moulding. Plateeee,
arum, a city in Boeotia, famous for the defeat of the Persians, B.C.
479. platalea, ee, F. spoonbill. t platanus, i, F., plane-tree. 1 platea,
ee, F., broad way. Plato, onis, an Athenian philosopher, R.C. 430-348.
plaudo, si, sum, 3, clap, applaud. plausibilis, a, praiseworthy. plausor,
oris, M., applauder. plaustrum, i, N., cart, waggon. plausus, [plaudo,]
applauded. plausus (plosus), üs, M., applause, clapping, flapping.
Plautus, a comic poet, B.C. 228. plautus, a, um, //at, broad.
plebeius, a, um, plebeian, vulgar. 145 plebes—plebs, common
people. plebicola, e, rF., flatterer of the people. plebiscitum, i, N.,
popular decree. plebs, plebis, rF., te commonalty. plecto, xi (xui),
xum, 3, (o weave, braid, interweave. plecto, 3, punish (generally in
r.). T plectrum, i, N., quil/ (for playing the lute). Pleiadés, daughters
of Atlas (the Seven Stars). plene, largely, thoroughly. plenus, a, um,
full, laden, complete. plerus, a, um, plerusque (generally, plur.), very
many, most. plexus, us, M., fwisting, weaving. plexus, [plecto,]
woven. plico, ui (avi), it- (at-), r, fold. plodo—plaudo, applaud.
ploratus, üs, M., Jament. plostrum—plaustrum, cart. pluit, pluvit, i/
rains. pluma (-ula), e, F., feather, down, scale (of armor).
pluümarius, a, um, of soft feathers. plumatus, a, um, feathered.
plumbeus (arius), a, um, of lead, leaden, dull. plumbo, i, solder with
lead. plumbum, i, N., /ead. plümeus (-Oosus), a, um, feathered.
pluo, plui (pluüvi), 3, to rain. plüries, ofien, several times. plürimus,
a, um, [ muitus,] most. plus, plüris (gen. pl., ium), most. plusculus,
a, um, rather more. pluteus, i, M., pent-house, parapet. Plüto, onis,
god of the Lower World. Plütus, i, god of Riches. pluvia, ee, F., rain.
pluvialis, e ; -vius, a, um, of rain. pluviosus, a, um, rainy. poculum, i,
N., cup, bowl. T podagra, ee, F., gout. t podium, i, N., balcony,
height. 1 poema, atis, N., poem. poena, e, FE. indemnity, penalty,
punishment. poenalis, e, of. penalty.
146 poenio—pünio, punish. — && poenitendus, a, um,
blamable. poenitens, tis, regretful, penitent. poenitenter, with regret.
poenitentia, ee, F., repentance. poenitet, uit, 2, it displeases,
repents. Poenus—Punicus, Caríhaginian. 1 poésis, is, F., poetry,
poem. 1 poeta, ee, F., poet. Tpoéticus, a, um, pociic; F., poetry, the
poetic art. polenta, ee, F., pearl-barley. polio, 4, polish, adorn, refine.
polite, elegantly. T politicus, a, um, of. civil polity. politio, onis, F.,
polishing. politus, a, um, accomplished, polite. pollen, inis, N., fine
flour. pollens, tís, powerful. pollenter, powerfully. polleo, ui, 2, be
strong, prevail. pollex, icis, M., thumb. pollicaris, e, of a thwunb.
polliceor, itus, 2, promise. pollicitatio, Onis, F., promise. pollicitor, t,
promise (freq.). pollinctor, Oris, M., undertaker. pollingo, nxi, nct-, 5,
(0 prepare (a corpse) for burial. pollis, inis—pollen, fine flour.
pollübrum, i, N., wash-basin. pollüceo, xi, ctum, 2, of/er (as
sacrifice), serve. pollucte, sumptuously. polluctum, i, N., offering,
banquet. polluo, ui, ut-, 5, defile, dishonor. pollütus, a, um, defiled,
vile. Pollux, ücis, myth. son of Leda, twin-brother of Castor. 1 polus,
i, M., pole, sky. [T poly-, many. Polydorus, i youngest son of Priam.
Polyphemus,i, a Cyclops, blinded by Ulysses of his only eye.
Polyxena, ee, d. of Priam, married to Achilles. pomarius, a, um, of
fruit-trees. pomeridianus, a, um, afternoon's. pomerium
(pomoerium) i, N., open space about a city. poenio — porcinus.
pomifer, a, um, fruit-bearing. Pomona, ee, goddess of Fruits.
pomosus, a, um, abounding in fruit. " pompa, ee, F., procession,
parade. Pompeius, i; à Roman general, rival of Czesar, defeated at
Pharsalus, 5.c. 48. Pompilius, Numa, second king of Rome, B.C. 715-
672. pomypo, 1, /o perform with pomp. pomposus, a, um, s/ately,
pompous. Pomptinus, a, um, of S. Latium. pomum, i, N., fruit.
ponderatus, a, um, well-weighed. pondero, t, weigh, ponder.
ponderosus, a, um, weighty, heavy. pondo, in weight; a pound.
pondus, eris, N., weight, mass, load. pone, behind. pono, posui,
posit-, 5, put, place, abate, allay, assert, offer, surrender. pons,
pontis, M., bridge, gangway. pontifex, ficis, M., priest, pontiff. ponto,
onis, M., punt, pontoon. Tpontus, i, w., /he deep sea. Pontus, i, M.,
the Black Sea; also, a dist. on its southern shore. pODa, ee, M.,
priests attendant, who butchered the victim of sacrifice. popina, ee,
F., cook-shop. popino, onis, M., jlutton. poples, itis, M., &nee
(beneath). poplicus—publicus, public. poplus, popolus—populus.
Poppeea, ee, the wife of Nero. popularis, e, of or agreeable to the
people ; M., fellow-citizen. populariter, vu/garly. popularitas, atis, F.,
fellow-citizenship, popularity. populàátio, onis, F., ravage, plunder.
populator, oris, M., plunderer. populeus (-nus), a, um, of poplar.
populor, r, devastate, pillage. populosus, a, um, populous. populus, i,
M., people, multitude. populus, i, F., poplar. porca, ae, F., sow.
porcellus, i, M., pig. porcinus, a, um, of swine.
poreus — preecaveo. porcus (-ulus), i, M., hog. porgo—
porrigo, reach. porrecte, far, extensively. porrectio, Onis, F.,
extension. porrectus, a, um, outstretched. porricio, eci, ect-, 3, (o
offer (sacrifice). porrigo, rexi, ct-, 5, reach, stretch. porrigo, inis, F.,
dandruff. porro, forward, far, of. old, again. porrum, i, N., leek.
Porsena (-nna) e, k. of Etruria, who fought to restore Tarquin. porta,
ee, F., gate, door, entrance. predict. portentosus,a, üm, monstrous,
horrid, ominous. portentum, i, N., omen, prodigy. porticus, us, F.,
porch, gallery. portio, onis, F., share, portion. portitor, Oris, M., (az-
gatherer ; carrier, ferryman. porto, I, carry, convey. portorium, i, N.,
taz, transit-duty. portuosus, a, um, abouruiing g in harbors. portus,
üs, M., harbor, port, re, posca, ee, F., vinegar-and-water. posco,
poposci, poscit-, 3, deinand, ask, need, require. positio, onis, F.,
putting, setting. positor, oris, M., founder. ositus, | pono, ] situated,
placed. ositus, tis, M., situation. possessio, Onis, F., possession.
OsSessor, Oris, M., occupant. . ossideo, (2) and possido, (3), edi,
essum, possess, hold. ossum, posse, potui, can, have power (S 29,
iii). ost, after, behind. ostea, afterwards. osteaquam — postquam,
after (that), «when. osteri, pl., posterity, descendants. posterior, us
(compar. after, later, hinder. osteritas, atis, F., future time. posterus,
a, um (-terior, -tremus, -tumus), coming after. portendo, di, tum, 3,
/o indicate, | 147 post-féro, esteem inferior. post-habeo, 2, esteem
less, neglect. . posthac, hereafter. posthumus—postumus, /ast.
postibi, hereupon. posticus, a, um, rear, hinder; N., back-door.
postidea, -illa, afterward. postis, is, F., door-post ; pl., door.
postliminium, i, N., return home. postmodo (um), afterward, shortly.
post-pono, 5, esteem less, postpone. postquam, after (that), when,
since. postremo, finally. postremus, [posterus, ] /ast, latest.
postridie, nert day. post-sum, be after, retreat. postulatio, onis, F.,
demand, claim, complaint. postulo, 1, ask, demand, impeach. postus
— positus, placed. potatio, onis, F., drinking. potator, oris, M., drinker
pote (potis), possible. potens, tis, powerful. potentatus, is, M.,
power, dominion. potentia, ee, F., power, anthority. potestas, átis, F.,
power, ability, sovereignty. potin? canst? potio, onis, F., drink,
draught. potior, 4, get possession of. potis, e, able; -ior, us,
preferable ; -issimus, chief. potissime, especially. potius, rather. poto,
(pot-), t, drink. potor, Oris, M., drinker, sot. potulentus, a, um,
drinkable. potus, a, um, having drunk. potus, üis, M., drinking. pree,
in compar ison with, in rínd; by reason of. [pree -, before, in
advance, very. preeacuo, 3, sharpen, point. preeacütus, a, um,
pointed. preebeo, ui, itum, 2, furnish, hold out, offer, afford, design.
preeceedo—preecido, cut off. preecanus, a, um, prematurely gray.
preecaveo, cavi, caut-, beware.
148 pree-cedo, 3, go before, surpass. preecello, 3, rise
above, excel. preecelsus, a, um, very lofty. preeceps, cipitis,
/eadlong, steep. preeceptor, Oris, M., anticipator, commander,
teacher. preeceptum, i, N., rule, precept. preecerpo, psi, pt- 3, (o
gather before the time. preecido, cidi, cis-, 3, cut sheer off.
preecinctus, a, um, girt. preecingo, nxi, nct-, 3, £o encircle.
preecino, ui, 3, sing before, predict. preecipio, cepi, cept-, 3, (ake in
advance, anticipate, give rules. preecipitium, i, N., precipice.
preecipito, 1, url down, hasten. preecipue, especially. preecipuus, a,
um, special, principal, distinguished. preecise, briefly, concisely.
preecisus, a, um, cut off, abridged. : preeclare, clearly, admirably.
preeclarus, a, um, clear, bright, splendid, glorious. preecludo, si,
sum, 5, /o shut close. preeco, onis, M., crier, herald. preeconium, i
N., crier's office, celebration. preecoque, prematurely. preecordia,
orum, N., diaphragm, entrails, breast. preecox, ocis, untimely ripe.
pree-curro, 3, run before, surpass. preecursor, Oris, M., forerunner,
scout, advance-quard. preeda, ee, F., pillage, prey, spoi. preedatio,
onis, F., plundering. preedator, Oris, M., pillager, hunter. preediator,
Oris, M. real-estate dealer. preedicatio, Onis, F., proclaiming.
preedico, 1, proclaim, praise, boast. preedico, xi, ct-, 3, predict,
admonish, give notice. preedictum, i, N., prediction, order. preedisco,
3, learn beforehand. preeditus, a, um, endowed, appointed.
preedium, i, N., landed estate. preedives, itis, very rich. precedo —
preenomen. preedo, onis, M., robber, plunderer. preedor, 1 , plunder,
rob, catch. prcedüco, xi, ct-, 5, draw in front. preedulcis, e, very
sweet. preedurus, a, nm, very hard, hardy. preeeo, ivi, it-, 4, go
before, precede. preefatio, onis, F., preface, formula. preefectura, ee,
F., governorship. preefectus, i, M. superintendent, commander,
governor. preefero, tuli, lat-, (o bear before, prefer, display,
anticipate. preeferox, Oocis, very fierce. preeficio, feci, fect-, 3, set
over, appoint, assign to command. preefigo, xi, xum, 5, seí up,
fasten, fix on the end. preefinio, 35, fix beforehand. preefloro, i,
pluck, tarnish. preefluo, 3, flow in front. preefodio, fodi, 5, dig
before. preefor, 1, say beforehand. preefracte, resolutely, sternly.
preefractus, a, um, abrupt, stern. preefringo fregi, fract-, 3, break
off, or to pieces. preefulcio, si, tum, prop. preefulgeo, si, 2, shine
forth. preegnans, tis, full, pregnant. preegrandis, e, /uge, mighty.
preegravis, e, very heavy. preegradior, gres-, 3, go before.
prejudicium, i, N., « previous decision, precedent. preelabor, ps-, 5,
glide or sweep by. preelatus, [fero,] hurrying past. preelium—
prcelium, Pattle. preeludo, si, sum, 35, rehearse. preelum—prelum,
wine-press. preemátuürus, a, um, untimely. prae-metuo, 5, fear
beforehand. preemitto, misi, miss-, 3, send in advance. preemium, i,
N., reward, profit. pree-moneo, 2, aub predict. preemünio, 4, fortify
in front. preenate, 1, swim or flow before. Preeneste, is, N., a town
in La- i 1 tium. E preemnomen, inis, N., /he first 1 personal name (S
15). | | I | 1 1 Hi
preeoeeupo — preetor. preeoccupo, 1, seize beforehand.
preeopto, 1, choose rather. preeparo, t, prepare beforehand.
preepedio, 4, shackle, hinder. preepes, etis, siift of. flight, winged ;
C., bird (of omen). preepilatus, a, um, knobbed. preepinguis, e, very
fat. preepondero, t, outweigh. preepono, sui, sit-, 5, (o set over,
appoint, depute, prefer. preepositus, i, M., prefect, commander.
preeposterus, a, um, reversed, confused, absurd. preepotens, tis,
very powerful. preequam, in comparison. pree-ripio, 3, snatch away.
praerogativus, a, um, Aaving the first vote ; F., omen, privilege.
preerogo, I, ask first. prerumpo, rüpi, rupt-, 5, break off in front. |
preeruptus, a, um, steep, hasty. prees, preedis, M., surety. prees, at
hand. preesagio (-or), 4, forebode, presage. preesagium, i, N.,
presentiment. praesagus, a, um, foreboding. praescisco, 3, learn
beforehand. preescius, a, um, prophetic. preescribo, psi, pt-, 3, write
before, prefix, appoint. preescriptio, Onis, F., inscription, pretence,
precept. prescriptum, i, N., copy, precept. preeseco, cui, ct-, I, cut
off. preesegmen, inis, N., a paring. praesens, tis, present, prompt.
preesensio, onis, F., fore-feeling. presentia, ee, F., presence; in
preesentia, at present. preesentio, si, sum, 4, to feel or perceive
beforehand, forbode, divine. praesepe, is, N.; -es, is; -ia, ee, F.; -
ium, i, N., stall, hut. preesépio, psi, pt-, 4, barricade. preesertim,
especially. preeses, idis, M., guardian, chief. preesideo, sedi, sess-, 2,
to guard, preside, superintend. 149 preesidiarius, a, um, for defence.
preesidium, i, N., defence, guard, garrison, aid. preesignis, e,
distinguished. preestans, tis, excellent. preestat, il is better.
preestabilis, e, eminent. preestatio, onis, F., guaranty. preestes, itis,
C., guardian. preestigiee, arum, F., íricks. preestino, I1, (o buy.
praesto, at hand. preesto, iti, it-. I, siand forth, surpass, excel,
furnish, exhibit. preestolor, 1, wait for. preestringo, nxi, ct-, 3, bind
fast. preestruo, xi, ct-, 3, build in. front, prepare in advance. praesul,
-ulis, M., dance-leader. pree-sum, be before, have charge of. pree-
sumo, 3, take or spend before. preesumptio, Onis, F., anticipation.
preesuo, ui, ut-, 5, sew upon, cover. preetego, xi, ct, shelter, protect.
preetendo, di, tum, 3, síretch or hold forth, spread, assert.
preetento, 1, search, test. preeter, beyond, along, contrary, besides,
except. preeterea, besides, moreover, beyond. preeterbito, Ir, go
past. praeter-eo, 4, pass by or beyond, escape notice, neglect.
preeteritus, a, um, past, gone by; N. pl., the past. preeterlabor, psus,
35, glide by. preeter-mitto, 3, let go, omit. preeter-propter, about,
nearly. praeterquam, beyond, besides. preeter-vehor, 3, be borne
past. preetexo, ui, xt-, 3, put Or weave in. front, provide, pretend,
cover. praetexta (toga), ee, F., mantle with purple border, worn by
magistrates and children ; tragedy. preetextatus, wearing the
mantle. preetextum, i, N., ornament; pretext, pretence. preetextus,
üs, M., authority. preetor, oris, M., pretor (officer of justice), chief,
commander.
150 preetorianus, a, um, of the bodyguard. preetorium, i,
N., generals tent, palace, body-guard. preetorius, a, um, of the
pretor; porta, front-gate of the camp. preetüra, ee, F., prectorship.
pree-ustus, a, um, burnt at the end. preeut, in comparison with.
preevalens, tis, very strong. preevaleo, ui, 2, have chief power.
preevalidus, a, um, very or too strong, prevalent, grand. preevaricor,
1, walk crooked, balk. preevehor, vectus, 3, ride before. preevenio,
veni, vent-, 4, antici» pate, outstrip, prevent. preeverto (-tor) 4,
precede, outstrip, ezceed, occupy or do first. preevideo, vidi, vis-, 2,
foresee. preevius, a, um, leading the way. Tpragmaticus, a, um,
skilled in affairs, relating to business. prandeo, di, sum, 2, to
breakfast. prandium, i, N., breakfast, lunch. pransus, a, um, Aaving
breakfasted. 1 prasinus, a, um, leek-green., pratum (-ulum) i, N.,
meadoiw, plain. prave, crookedly, wrongly. pravitas, atis, F.,
depravity, perverseness, irregularity. pravus, a, um, misshapen, bad.
precario, 5 entreaty. precarius, a, um, got by entreaty or favor ;
uncertain. precatio, onis, F., prayer. preci, cem, ce ; pl., -ces, F.,
prayer, entreaty (nom. sing. not used). preciee (-tiee), a kind of
grape. precor, 1, beg, pray, invoke. prehendo, di, sum, 5, seize,
grasp. prehensio, Onis, F., seizing, right of arrest ; a jack-screw.
prehenso (prenso), t, grasp, detain. prelum, i, N., wine or oil-press.
premo, essi, ess, 3, press, grasp, cover, burden, oppress, disparage.
prendo—prehendo, :ake. presse, closely, concisely. presso, I, /o
press violently. pressorius, a, um, for pressing. preetorianus —
privilegium. pressura, ee, F., pressure, throng. pressus, a, um, close,
concise. pressus, u$, M., pressure. 1 prester, eris, w., whirlwind,
waterspout ; a venomous serpent. pretiose, ius, splendidly. :
pretiosus, a, um, precious, costly. pretium, i, N., value, price, pay.
[prex, see preci, prayer. Priameius, a, um, of Priam. Priamides, ee,
son of Priam. Priamus, myth. king of Troy. Priapus, god of Gardens.
pridem, /ong ago, formerly. pridianus, a, um, of the day before.
pridie, on the ddy before. primeevus, a, um, young. primanus, a,
um, of the 1st legion. primarius, a, um, of ihe 1st rank. primas, atis,
c/ief, noble. primatus, üs, M., preeminence. prime, especially.
primitiee, arum, F. first-fruits. primitus, for (he first time. primo,
firsily, at first. primordia, orum, x. pl., origin. primoris, e, foremost,
extreme. primum, a/ first, in the first place. primus, a, um, first,
foremost. princeps, cipis, C. first, chief, prince, 2d rank (of infantry).
principalis, e, chief, princely. principaliter, c/iefl y. principatus, üs, M.,
chief. rank. principium, i, M., a beginning ; pl., principles, front rank,
open space (in camp). prior, us, former, previous, better . pl., the
ancients. prisce, old-fashioned. priscus, a, um, antique, severe.
pristinus, a, um, former, early, preceding. pristis—pistrix, shark. prius
... quam, before, sooner, until. privatim, privately, apart. privatus, a,
um, private, one's own. privigna, ee, F., step-daughter. privignus, i,
M., síep-son. privilegium, i, N. «a private law, privilege.
privo — proficiscor. 151 privo, I, deprive, deliver. privus, a,
um, each, single, own. pro, in front of, instead of, in behalf of,
according to, for, considering ; pro quam, n proportiwn as. pro, proh
(w. acc.), O/ ah! proavus, i, M., gr.-grandfather. probàbilis, e, likely,
pleasing. probabiliter, probably. probàátio, Onis, F., (rial, approval.
probator, oris, M., approver. probàtus, a, um, proved, excellent.
probe, well, fitly, rightly, nobly. probitas, atis, F., honesty, worth.
probo, 1, íry, prove, approve. probrose, disgracefully. probrosus, a,
um, shameful, infamous. probrum, i, N. disgraceful deed, dishonor,
insult. probus, a, um, good, excellent. procácitas, atis, F.,
impudence. procáciter, slamelessly. procax, ácis, bold, impudent.
prócédo, cess-, 3, advance, extend, continue, result. procella, ee, F.,
'empest, storm. procello, 3, cast down. procellosus, a, um,
tempestuous. procer, eris, chief, foremost. procere, (o great length.
próocéritas, atis, F., /cight, length. proócérus, a, um, /igh, tall, long.
processio, Onis, F.; -us, üs, M., advance, progress. prócido, idi, 3, fall
flat. prócinctus, üs, M., girding, preparing. prócingo, nctus, 5, /o
gird, equip. proclamo, I, cry out. próoclino, 1, lean forward. proclive,
downward. proclivis, e, sloping downward, inclined, easy ; N.,
declivity. proclivitas, atis, F., propensity. prócliviter, downward, easily.
Procne—Progne, d. of Pandion. proconsul, ulis, N., proconsul (n
office after term of consulship). procreo, 1, generate, produce.
Procris, wife of Cephalus. Procrustes, a bandit of Attica, slain by
Theseus. procubo, 1, /ie along. procüdo, di, sum, 3, beat, forge.
procul, afar, remote. proculoo, r, (rample down. pro-cumbo, 3, fall
forward, sink. procüratio, onis, F., care, charge. procurator, oris, M.,
deputy, steward, administrator, governor. procüro, r1, (ake charge of.
pró-curro, 3, run forward, project. procurvus, a, um, crooked.
procus, i, M., wooer, suilor ; chief. prod-eo, 4, go forth, advance.
prodesse (prosum), /elp. prodico, xi, ct-, 5, predict. prodige, lavishly.
prodieialis, e, of omens. prodigiosus, a, um, sírange, marvellous.
prodigium, i, N., omen, prodigy. prodigo, egi, act-, 3, consume.
prodigus, a, um, lavish, wasteful. proditio, onis, F., (reachery.
proditor, oris, w., traitor. prodo, 3, give forth, deliver, betray.
prodüco, xi, ct- 3, io lead forth, produce, extend, promote, protract.
producte, lengthily. productio, onis, F., lengthening. productus, a,
um, protracted. prceliaris, e, of battle. proelior, 1, /ight (in battle).
proelium, i, N., battle, strife. Proetides, um, daughters of Proetus,
king of Tiryns. profano, 1, consecrate. profàno, 1, desecrate, violate.
profanus, a, um, unholy, impious. profectio, Onis, F., departure.
profecto, surely. profectus, [proficiscor,] gone. profectus, iis, M.
advance. pro-fero, bring forward, produce. professio, Onis, F.,
declaration. professus, a, um, [profiteor, | manifest; ex professo,
avowedly. profestus, a, um, not-festival. próficio, 5, go forward,
effect. j proficiscor, fectus, 3, go, set forth.
152 profiteor, fessus, 2, /o promise, profess, declare.
profligatus, a, um, dotwncast, corrupt, wretched. profligo, 1,
despatch, ruin, conquer. proflo, 1, breathe forth, melt. profluens, tis,
flowing, fluent. profluo, xi, xum, 3, //ow forth. profluvium, i, N., flow.
profor, t, speak out, predict. pro-fugio, 3, escape, flee. profugus, a,
um, fugitive ; M., exile. profundo, füdi, füs-, 5, shed, pour forth,
spend. profundus, a, um, deep ; N., depth. profüuse, lavishly,
exceesively. profusus, a, um, ertravagant. progenies, ei, F., descent,
progeny. progigno, genui, genit-, 5, produce. prognatus, a, um,
descended ; pl., descendants. Progne (Procne), es, myth. d. of
Pandion, k. of Athens ; wife of Tereus, changed to a swallow.
progredior, gressus, 3, proceed. progressio, Onis, F.; -us, üs, M.,
advance, progress. prohibeo, ui, it-,2, hold in front, restrain, forbid.
proin, proinde, just so, accordingly. projecte, carelessly. projectus, a,
um, extended, prominent, inclined, dotbncast, abject. projicio, jeci,
ject-, 3, throw forth, oppose, expel, reject. à prolabor, psus, 3, slide
forward, escape, sink, fall. prolatio, onis, F., bringing forward, delay.
prolato, r, extend, defer. prolatus, [fero,] brought forward. prolecto,
1, allure, entice. proles, is, um, F., offspring. prolixe, copiously.
prolixus, a, um, extended, favorable, courtéous. Tlprologus, i M.
prologue, introduction. proloquor, cütus, 3, speak forth. prolüdo, si,
sum, 3, practice in advance, prelude. profiteor — propatulus. proluo,
3, wash or cast forth. proluvies, ei, F., overflow, filth. promereo (-or),
2 deserve. Prométheus, myth.s. of Iapetos. promineo, ui, 2,
overhang, project. promiscue, a// together. promiscuus, a, um,
promiscuous. promitto, misi, miss-, 5, put forward, predict, promise.
promissus, a, um, hanging down ; N., promise. promo, mpsi, mpt- 3,
io bring forth, produce, utter. promontorium, i, N. mountainrange,
headland, promontory. promotus, a, um. advanced ; N.pl., preferable
things. promoveo, 2, move forward, extend, promote, reveal,
postpone. prompte, promptly. promptuarius, a, um, of the stores ;
N., storeroom. promptus, a, um, manifest; at hand, prompt, ready.
promptus, üs, M., & manifesting, readiness. promuleo, 1, publish,
proclaim. promulsis, idis, F., a relish. promus, a, um, of the larder;
N., steward, distributor. promütuus, a, um, prepaid, lent. prone,
downward. pronuba, ee, F., presiding over marriage (Juno) ; bride's
attendant. pronuntiatio, onis, F., proclamation, utterance. pronuntio,
1, proclaim, announce, recite, relate. pronuper, quite lately.
pronurus, üs, M., grandson's wife. pronus, a, um, bending or fallen
forward, sinking, inclined. t prooemium, i, N., introduction.
tproscenium,i, N., preface, prelude. propagatio, onis, F., propagating.
propages, is; -go, inis, F., layer, setting (of plants), offspring.
propago, I, propagate, continue. propalam, publicly, openly. |
propansus (-passus), a, um, spread. propatulus, a, uncovered.
prope — prosterno. prope, pius, xime, near, almost.
propediem, very soon. propello, puli, puls-, 5, /o push on.
propemodo (-dum), a/most. propendeo, di,sum, 2, 4ang down,
preponderate, incline. propense, willingly, readily, prone. propensus,
a, um, weighty. properans, tis, hasty, speedy. properanter, -ato,
speedily. properantia, ee, F., haste. properátus, a, um, rapid, hasty.
propero, r, hasten. propere, properiter, in haste. properus, a, um,
quick, rapid. propexus, a, um, combed forward. I propheta (-tes),
ee, M., prophet. Ipropino, r, drink one's health; give to drink or eat.
oropinque, near at' hand. oropinquitas, atis, F., nearness, affinity.
»ropinquo, t, bring or draw near. oropinquus, a, um, near, akin.
oropior, us, nearer, more like. oropitio, I, appease. xropitius, a, um,
kind, favorable. 'propola, ee, w., forestaller. 'propolis, is, F., bee-glue.
oropono, sui, sit-, 3, set before, put forth, offer, expose. ?ropontis,
the Sea of Marmora. xoporro, furthermore. »roportio, Onis, F.,
proportion. oxopositio, Onis, F., setting-forth, design, purpose.
»ropositum, i, N., way, purpose. xropreetor, oris, M., a ma gistrate,
propreator (ex- -praetor). roprie, specially, fitly. »roprietas, atis, F.,
property. 'roprius, a, um, one's own, proper, constant. ropter, near,
by reason of. xropterea, for that reason. »x'opudium, i, N., a
shameful-thing. xopugnaculum, iN. bulwark, »ropugnatio, onis, F.,
defence. »'opugnator, Oris, M. champion. o»opugno, I, defend, go
out to fight. xopulso, r1, defend, ward off. 153 propulsus, [pello,]
pushed forward. Tpropyleeum, i, N., gateway. proquam, according
as. 1 prora, ee, F., prow (of a ship). prorepo, psi, pt-, 3, crawl forth.
1 proreta, ee; -reus, i, M., steersman. proripio, ui, rept-, 5, snatch
forth. prorito, 1, provoke, allure. prorogatio, Onis, F., eztending.
prorogo, 1, prolong, preserve, defer. prorsum, s/raightforward.
prorsus, a, um, direct, prose. prorsus, onward, precisely, utterly. pro-
rumpo, 3, thrust or rush forth. pro-ruo, 3, demolish, rush forth.
proruptus, a, um, unrestrained. prosa, ee, F., prose. prosapia, ee, F.,
stock, race. prosatus, [sero,] produced. 1 proscenium, i, N., s/age,
theatre. pro-scindo, 3, cut, furrow. proscissus, [scindo,]| cur.
proscribo, 3, write on, publish, proscribe (for assassination).
proscriptio, Onis, F 'ublishing, proscr iption. proseco, ui, ct-, 1, cut
off. prosectus,a, um, cut (for sacrifice). prosecütus, [sequor, |
following. proseda, ee, F., /arlot. prosequor, secüt-, 3, follow forth,
pursue, attend. prosero, sévi;&at-, 3, produce (by sowing).
Proserpina, ee, d. of Ceres, stolen by Pluto, god of Hades. proserpo,
35, creep forward. prosilio, ui, 4, spring forth. prospecte, prudently.
prospecto, 1, look forth or towards, . expect, await. prospectus, üs,
M., view, prospect. prospeculor, r, look forth, explore. prosper (-
erus), era, um, favorable, fortunate. prosperitas, atis, F., good
fortune. prospero, t, make happy or prosper. prospicio, exi, ect-, 3,
look forth, walch, discern, foresee, provide. prosterno, stravi, strat-,
3, strew, overthrow, destroy. he.
154 prostituo, ui, üit-, 3, expose, sully. prosto, stiti, stat-, 1,
stand forth, be exposed. prosubigo, 3, dig up, fashion. prosum ($
29, iv.), be helpful, profit. protectio, onis, F., shelter. protector, Oris,
M., coverer, guard. protectum, i, N., eaces. protego, xi, ct-, 3, cover,
shelter. protelo, i, repulse, prolong. protelum, i, N., row, team.
protendo, di, sum (tum), stretch forth, extend. protenus—protinus,
onward. pro-tero, 3, trample, drive. proterreo, ui, it-, 2, scare away.
proterve (-iter), boldly, wantonly. protervitas, atis, F., àmpudence.
protervus, a, um, vehement, bold. protestor, 1, bear witness,
protest. Proteus, ei, a sea-divinity, of changing form. protinam,
protinis, forthwith. protinus, right onward, at once. 1 proto., first.
protollo, 35, stretch, forth. protraho, xi, ct-, 3, (o draw forth, expose,
protract. protritus, [-tero,] worn out. protrüdo, di, sum, 3, push,
defer. proturbo, r, drive forth, repel. prout, according as. provectus,
a, um, advanced. proveho, xi, ct, 3, carry forth, promote ; P., go,
move. provenio, veni, vent-, 4, come forth, arise, grow, happen,
prosper. proventus, üs, M., growth, result. proverbium, i, N., proverb,
adage. proverto, sum, 3, (urn forward. provide, carefully. providens,
tis, prudent, foreseeing. providenter, prudently. providentia, ee, F.,
foresight, provideo, vidi, vis-, 2, foresee, care for, provide. providus,
a, um, foreseeing, prudent, provident. provincia, ee, F., province,
charge. provincialis, e, of a province. provisio, Onis, rF., foresight.
prostituo — publico. proviso, with foresight. proviso, 3, 9o out to
see. provisor, Oris, M., foreseer. provisus, | video, | provided.
provisus, us, M., foreseeing. provocatio, onis, r., challenge. provoco,
i, cal] forth, challenge, summon, rouse. provolo, i1, lj forth, rush out.
pro-volvo, 5, roll forth, fall down. proxime (-imo), next. proximitas,
atis, F., nearness. proximus, a, um, nearest, neat. prudens, tis,
foreseeing, foreknowing, skilled. prüdenter, discreetly. prudentia, ee,
F., foresight, knowledge, prudence. pruina, ee, F., hoar-frost, winter.
pruinosus, a, üm, frosty. prüna, ee, F., /ive coal. prünum, i, N., plum.
prünus, i, F., plum-tree, black-thorn. prürigo, inis, F., itching. prurio,
4, (o iích. Prüsias, ee, king of Bithynia, who betrayed Hannibal.
Tprytaneum, i, N., town-hall. 1 psallo, 3, play the lyre. 1 pseudo-,
false or sham. 1psittacus, i, M., parrot. Psyche, es (soul), a nymph
loved by Cupid, and made immortal. [-pte, self, own. 1 ptisana, ee,
F., barley-water. Ptolemeeus, i, a general of Alexander, afterwards k.
of Egypt, till p.c. 2835. pübens, tis, at puberty, vigorous. pübertas,
atis, F., puberty, youth. pübes (-er, -is) eris, of ripe age; downy.
pübes, is, rF., signs of manhood; youth, or vigorous population.
pübesco, 3, ripen, attain puberty. publicanus, a, um, of ihe revenue ;
M., farmer of the revenue. publicátio, onis, F., confiscation. publice (-
citus), publicly, at statecharge. publico, 1, confíscate, make public.
publieus — puteal. publicus, a, um, of the public ; N public
revenue; M., magistrate. pudendus, to be ashamed of. pudens, tis,
modest, shamefaced. pudenter, bashfully. pudeo, 2, be ashamed ; -
et, it shames. pudibundus, a, um, bashful. pudice, modestly,
chastely. pudicitia, ee, F., modesty. pudicus, a, um, modest, chaste.
pudor, Oris, M., sense of honor or shame, modesty, self-respect.
puella, ee, F., girl, maiden. puellaris, e, girlish. puer, eri, w., boy, child
(till 17). puerilis, e, boyish, childish. pueriliter, like a child. pueritia,
ee, F., childhood. puerperium, i, N., child-birth. puerulus, i, M., little
boy. pugil, ilis, M., pugilist, boxer. pugillaris, e, of the fist. pugillus, i,
M., handful. pugilor, r1, /o box. pugio, onis, M., dagger. pugna, ee,
F., a fight, combat. pugnaciter, contentiously. pugnax, acis,
combative, obstinate. pugno, 1, (o fight, struggle, contend. pugnus,
i, M., fist, handful. pulcher, chra, um, beautiful, noble. pulchre,
beautifully, nobly. | pulchritudo, inis, F., beauty. puleium (-gium), i,
N., pennyroyal. pülex, icis, M., lea. pullarius, a, um, of the young; M.,
keeper of the sacred chickens. pullatus, a, um, in black garments.
pullities, ei, F., brood. pullulo, r, /o sprout, produce. pullus, i, M.,
young, colt, chick, twig. pullus, a, um, dark, mournful. pulmentum (-
arium,), i, N., relish. pulmo, onis, M., lung. pulpa, ee, F., soft flesh.
pulpamentum, i, N., flesh, dainty. pulpitum, i, N., s/age, platform.
puls, pultis, F., pottage. pulsátio, onis, F., beating. pulso, 1, beat,
push, attack. pulsus [pello,] driven, routed. Y. 155 pulsus, üs, M.,
pushing, trampling. pultarius, i, M., pot, jar. pulto, 1, beat, strike.
pulver—pulvis, dust. pulvereus, a, um, of dust. pulvero, 1, /o bedust.
pulverulentus, a, um, dusty. pulvillus, i, M,, a little cushion. pulvinar,
aris, N., couch. pulvinus, i, N., cushion, pillow. pulvis, eris, N., dust,
arena. pümex, icis, M., pumice-stone. pümiceus, a, um, of pumice,
dry. pümico, 1, polish (with pumice). pumilio, onis, N., dwarf, pigmy.
pumilus, a, um, dwarfish. punctatim, concisely, to the point.
punctim, «with the point. punctum, i, N., point, dot, bailot. punctus,
üs, M., a prick, sting. pungo, pupugi, punct-, 3, pierce, sting, afflict,
distress. püniceus, a, um, purple. Punicus, a, um, Carthaginian.
pünio (-or) 4, punish, avenge. pünitor, Oris, N., avenger. pupa (-ula),
ee, F., girl, doll. pupillus, i, M. ; -a, ee, F., orphan, ward; F., pupil (of
the eye). puppis, is, im, i, F., siern, ship. pure, purely, clearly.
purgamen, inis; -mentum, i, scouring fillh, purgation. | purgatio,
onis, F., cleansing. purgo, 1, cleanse, clear, purify. pürifico, 1,
cleanse, expiate. purpura, ee, F., purple-fish, purple. purpuratus, a,
um, clad in purple; M., court-officer. purpureus, a, um, purple,
brilliant. purpuro, I, to dye purple. pürulentus, a, um, festering.
pürus, a, um, clear, clean, pure. pus, puris, N., festering matter.
pusillanimis, e, timid. pusillus, a, um, small, petty. pusio, onis, M., a
little boy. pustula (püsula), ee, F., blister. putàmen, inis, N.,
trimmings. putátio, Onis, F., pruning. puteal, alis, N., well-curb.
156 püteo, 2, Lave an ill smell. Puteoli, orum, a coast-town
near Naples. puter, tris, tre, rotten, crumbling. pütesco, -isco, 3, /o
rot, putrify. puteus, i, M., a well, pit, cistern. pütidus, a, um, rotten,
offensive. putillus, i, M. ; -a, ee, F., child. puto, I, (o cleanse, trim,
prune; reckon, suppose, think, consider. pütor, Oris, M., rottenness.
putre-facio; P., -f1o, putrify. putresco, 3, :o decay. putridus, a, um,
rotten, mellow. putus, a, um, clear, fine; M., a boy. tpycta (es), ee,
M., boxer. Pydna,a town of Macedon, where Perseus was defeated,
B.C. 146. Qpbysa, ee, F., the rump. pygmeeus, a, um, pigmy, dwarf.
Pyle, arum, r. (gates) "Thermopyle ; also a pass in Cilicia. Pylos, i F.
the city of Nestor (Pylius) in S.W. Peloponesus. tpyra, ee, F., funeral
pile. Tpyramis idis, F., pyramid. Pyreneeus, a, um, of the Pyrenees. t
pyrites, ee, M., flint, millstone. Pyrrha, myth. wife of. Deucalion.
Pyrrhus,i, i, myth. son of Achilles; 2, a king of Epirus, who fought
with the Romans 5.C. 280-274. pyrum,—pirum, pear. Pythagoras, e,
a philosopher of Samos, about B.C. 550. Pythius, a, um, Pythian, a
title of Apollo, from Pytho, a name of Delphi; r., Delphic priestess.
Python, onis, M, a serpent slain by Apollo near Delphi. "pyxis is, F., a
box for ointments. Q. Q, the praenomen Quintus. qua, where, bij
what way, how; qua | . qua, as well...as. quacumque, wherever.
quadamtenus, (o such a point. quadra, ee, F., square. puteo —
qualis. quadrageni, ee, a, forty each. quadragesimus, a, um, fortieth.
quadragies, forty times. quadraginta, forty. quadrans, tis, a quarter,
farthing. quadrate, four-fold. quadratus, a, um, square, stout.
quadriennium, i, N., four years. quadrifariam, four-fold. quadrifidus,
a, um, four-cleft. quadrifrons, tis, four-fronted. quadrigee, arum, F.,
/eam of four. quadrigeni, e, a, 400 each. quadrijugis, e; -gus, a, um,
of a team of four. quadrimus, a, um, four years old. quadringeni, ee,
a, 400 each. quadringenti, e, a, four hundred. quadrigenties, 400
times. quadrini, ee, a, four each. quadripartitus, a, um, in four parts.
quadrivium, i, N., cross-roads. quadro, 1, to be or make square.
quadrum, i, N., «à square. quadrupedans, tis, galloping. quadrupes,
pedis; -pedus, a, um, four-foote. quadruplex, icis, four-fold.
quadruplico (-plo), 1, multiply by 4. quadruplus, a, um, four-fold.
queerito, 1, seek earnestly. queero, sivi, sit-, 3, seek, ask, examine
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