DEMONSTRATION

Definition
Demonstration as a teaching strategy refers to the visual presentation of the action and
activities or practical work related to the facts and principles of a delivered lesson by teacher in
the classroom , aiming to facilitate the task of teaching and learning.

A teacher while using this strategy , demonstrates in a practical form , the objects ,
instruments , phenomenon , action and events related to the teaching of the lesson.
Demonstration help students in understanding the facts and principles in their proper form ,
practically as well as theoretically.

TYPES OF DEMONSTRATION

1. Lecture Demonstration
2. Television-Lecture Demonstration

Lecture Demonstration : lecture demonstration is a combination of the lecture and the
demonstration.

 Its purpose is to point out relationships as they occur during a demonstration.

 These may be in explanation of structure or steps of a procedure.
 This method is extensively used in teaching sciences and nursing subject.

Television-Lecture Demonstration

 This method is used most frequently in t.v teaching.

 T.V lectures is more exciting than the regular classrooms.
 In this photography and the audio tapes are combined
 Scripts have to be prepared and rehearsal to ensure proper use of time and photography.
 Television lecture should not be simply a talking lecture; it should make wide use of all kinds of
illustrative materials.

USES OF DEMONSTRATION:

 To demonstrate the experiments or procedures and the use of experimental equipments in the
laboratory, classroom and the ward.
 To review or revise procedures to meet a special situation or to introduce a new procedure.
 To teach the patient a procedure or which he must carry out in the home.
 To demonstrate a procedure at the bedside or in the ward conference room.
 Demonstration of a procedure in its natural settings has more meaning(e.g. in ward on
patients)than when carried out in artificial environment(e.g.in classroom)
  To demonstrate different approaches in establishing rapport with patients, so that the most
effective nurse patient relationship may be established.

Importance:
1)Demonstration as a teaching strategy prove quite helpful in the teaching – learning of almost
all subject of school-curriculum including work experience , fine arts , music , dance, games ,
and other co-curricular activities.

2) Demonstration helps the teacher much in the task. The teacher can make students
understand and grasp the contents of lesson with great care by saving a lot of time and efforts.

3)The knowledge and experience gained through demonstration method helps students to
remember the facts and principles for a long time and to use them in practical way.

4)It makes the student’s active participation in the teaching –learning process and provides
them opportunities for the development of their mental faculties like faculty of observation ,
reasoning , deep thinking and creative imagination.

5) It helps in cultivating genuine interest and attention of students in the class activity.

6)This method of teaching serves as model laboratory instruction.

7). Experiment shown as demonstration points out this matter of observation and
indicates this inference.

8) It trains students in the art of careful observation, a quality which is essential to a good nurse

9) It gives the teacher an opportunity to evaluate the student’s knowledge of a procedure , and
to determine re-teaching is necessary.

10) Return demonstration by the student under supervision of teacher provides an opportunity
for well directed practice before student must use the procedure on the ward.

GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF DEMONSTATION STRATEGY

1)Plan according to need and scope :Teacher should look into the resources including his ability
to arrange for such demonstration.
2.) Know your audience
How much experience or knowledge do they have?
Are you teaching them a new technique or sharing basic information?
3.) Set objectives
Review of the objectives to be achieved . Expectation from the learner should be carefully
defined.
4). Plan preparation time
Advanced rehearsal of demonstration before actually doing it in class.
5) Principle of integration theory with practice:
Students should be given theoretical knowledge along with the practical side.
6.) Involve audience/client
Involve the audience in activities or demonstrations where possible
7.) Be prepared for various room arrangements
You may need to be flexible, go prepared for a variety of settings
Exclude distractions (close the door)
8). Help your audience to see what you are doing
Arrange the room so everyone can see (If a large group, may need to be in a semicircle.)
Face your audience as much as possible, everybody should have good view of the
demonstration.
9). Provide handouts to support what you say
Review the key points of the demonstration, a discussion period should always follow the
demonstration.

LIMITATIONS
1)All the topics related to various subjects cannot be demonstrated therefore , this strategy
cannot be applied for teaching of all the topics and subjects of the curriculum.

2)Demonstration strategy for its use require competent teachers well acquainted with the
theoretical concepts and their related practical demonstration.In the absence of Such skilled
teacher , we cannot expect good result through the use of demonstration strategy.

3)The success of demonstration lies in its proper observation on the parts of the students.

 There should be small no. of students in the class.

 The proper equipments and material
 The facilities of making the demonstration visible to whole class and keen attention
and alertness on the part of the students.

4)Demonstration strategy only demonstrates the action but not provide actual opportunities
for learning by doing or self-experimentation for the students.

5)Demonstration if not tackled properly may also lead in wastage of time and energy of the
students

6). Teachers may be tempted to lecture rather than to teach.

7). Oral discussion may not be encouraged, since it will go to restrict the
demonstration experiment.

GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF DEMONSTATION

STRATEGY
1)Plan according to need and scope :Teacher should look into the resources
including his ability to arrange for such demonstration.

2.) Know your audience

How much experience or knowledge do they have?
Are you teaching them a new technique or sharing basic information?

3.) Set objectives

Review of the objectives to be achieved . Expectation from the learner should be carefully defined.

4). Plan preparation time

Advanced rehearsal of demonstration before actually doing it in class.

5) Principle of integration theory with practice:

Students should be given theoretical knowledge along with the practical side.

6.) Involve audience/client

Involve the audience in activities or demonstrations where possible

7.) Be prepared for various room arrangements

You may need to be flexible, go prepared for a variety of settings
Exclude distractions (close the door)

8). Help your audience to see what you are doing

Arrange the room so everyone can see (If a large group, may need to be in a semicircle.)
Face your audience as much as possible, everybody should have good view of the demonstration.

9). Provide handouts to support what you say

Review the key points of the demonstration, a discussion period should always follow the demonstration.

10). Be organized
Work in one direction

11) Opportunity to handle the things or redemonstrate:

Students should not be mere observer. They should be provided adequate opportunities to handle the
things and to redemonstrate. Students should be given opportunity to practice the procedure as soon as
possible after the demonstration. The sooner practice takes place after the demonstration the better the
learning.

BIBILIOGRAPHY
1) Heidgerken Loretta E. ,Teaching and Learning in school of nursing pg no.427-431.
2) Davis Barbara Gross ,Tools for teaching ,IInd edition pg no.320-322.
3) Lanyon Walter C. Demonstration, 2004 pg no. 76
4) Harari Orna, Knowledge and demonstration, IInd vol. pg no. 112.