Class : Date : 00/00/2024

Subject : Time :
Topic Name : No. MCQ 50
1. The kinetic energy of an ideal gas is E 0 at 27 o C . When Cp
respectively. If  = and R is the universal gas constant,
o
the temperature is increased to 177 C , the kinetic energy Cv
will be [2023] then C p is equal to [2022, 2019]
E 3
(1) 0
2
(2) E 0 (3) E 0
2
(4) 2 E 0
(1)
 −1
(2)
( − 1) 2
 −1
(3) (4)
R
2. A perfect gas of ‘N’ molecules each of mass ‘m’, moving R R R  −1
with velocities C1 , C 2 , ..... C N is enclosed in a cubical 10. Internal energy of n 1 moles of hydrogen at temperature ‘T’
vessel of volume ‘V’. The pressure exerted by the gas on is equal to internal energy of ‘ n 2 ’ moles of helium at
the walls of the vessel is (‘  ’ = density of gas) [2019] temperature 2T, then the ratio n 1 : n 2 is [Degree of
1 mN 1 mN 2 freedom of He = 3, Degree of freedom of H 2 = 5 ]
(1) C RMS (2) C RMS
3 V 3 V [2021]
1 2 1 2 (1) 5 : 3 (2) 6 : 5 (3) 2 : 3 (4) 3 : 5
(3) C (4) C
3 3 11. A Carnot engine with efficiency 50% takes heat from a
3. For an adiabatic process, which one of the following is source at 600 K. To increase the efficiency to 70 %,
‘WRONG’ statement? [2023] keeping the temperature of sink same, the new temperature
(1) Equation of state is PV = constant. of the source will be [2023]
(2) There is exchange of heat with surrounding. (1) 360 K (2) 1000 K (3) 900 K (4) 300 K
(3) All the work is utilized to change the internal energy of 12. For a perfectly black body, coefficient of emission is
the system. [2021]
(4) Temperature of the system changes i.e. T  0 (1) Zero (2) Infinity
4. If m represents the mass of each molecule of a gas and T (3) Unity (4) Less than one (non-zero)
represents its absolute temperature then the root mean 13. 2
For an ideal gas, R = C v . This suggests that the gas
square speed of the gas molecules is proportional to 3
[2021] consists of molecules, which are [R = universal gas
1 1 1 1 1 1 constant] [2021]
− −
(1) m 2 T 2 (2) mT (3) m 2 T 2 (4) m 2 T 2 (1) Polyatomic
5. An ideal gas with pressure P, volume V and temperature T (2) Diatomic
is expanded isothermally to a volume 2 V and a final (3) Monoatomic
pressure Pi . The same gas is expanded adiabatically to a (4) A mixture of diatomic and polyatomic molecules
14. Ideal gas for which '  ' = 1.5 is suddenly compressed to
volume 2V , the final pressure is Pa . In teams of the ratio
1
P  th of its initial volume. The ratio of the final pressure to
of the two specific heats for the gas '  ' , the ratio  i  is 4
P  
 a  C p 
 +1  −1 1−  the initial pressure is   = [2020]
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4) 2  CV 

6. Which one of the following equation specifies an isochoric
process? (1) 4 : 1 (2) 8 : 1 (3) 1 : 16 (4) 1 : 8
[Q = heat supplied, p = change in pressure, 15. The relation obeyed by a perfect gas during an adiabatic
V = change in volume, T = change in temperature] process is PV 3 / 2 . The initial temperature of the gas is ‘T’.
[2022] When the gas is compressed to half its initial volume, the
(1) V = 0 (2)  P = 0 (3) Q = 0 (4) T = 0 final temperature of the gas is
[2021]
7. Which one of the following is NOT a true statement for an
isothermal process? [2021] (1) 2 2 T (2) 4 T (3) 2T (4) 2 T
(1) Temperature of process remains constant 16. o
The temperature of a gas is − 68 C . To what temperature
(2) The process is very fast should it be heated, so that the r.m.s. velocity of the
(3) The equation of state is PV = constant molecules be doubled? [2023]
(4) There is no charge in internal energy of the system o o o
(1) 357 C (2) 457 C (3) 547 C (4) 820 o C
8. An ideal gas ( = 1.5) is expanded adiabatically. How
17. For a heat engine operating between temperatures
many times has the gas to b expanded to reduce r.m.s.
t1  C and t 2  C , its efficient will be
velocity of molecules two times? [2023, 2021]
(1) 8 times (2) 16 times [2020]
(3) 12 times (4) 20 times t1 − t 2 t − t2 t t
9. The molar specific heats of an ideal gas at constant pressure (1) (2) 1 (3) 1 (4) 1 − 2
t2 t1 + 273 t2 t1
and constant volume are denoted by C p and C v
18. A perfect gas of volume 10 litre is compressed isothermally
ADDRESS :. MOB: (1)
 to a volume of 1 litre. The rms speed of the molecules will 12. (3)
(1) Decrease 5 times (2) Remain unchanged 13. (3)
(3) Increase 5 times (4) Increase 10 times 14. (2)
19. A monoatomic gas at pressure ‘P’, having volume ‘V’ 15. (3)
expands isothermally to a volume ‘2V’ and then 16. (3)
adiabatically to a volume ‘16V’. The final pressure of the 17. (2)
gas is (Take  = 5 / 3) [2023] 18. (2)
(1) P/64 (2) P/32 (3) 16 P (4) 32 P 19. (1)
20. Which one of the following P-V diagram is correct for an 20. (3)
isothermal process? [2023] 21. (1)
22. (4)
23. (3)
24. (1)
25. (1)

1. (3)
Sol. K.E  T
KE 2 T2 450 K
= =
KE 1 T1 300 K
3
KE 2 = KE 1 
2
3E0
 KE 2 =
2
(1) (IV) (2) (II) (3) (I) (4) (III) 2. (3)
21. Ratio of pressures exerted by two gases is 3 : 2 and their
1
densities are in the ratio 2 : 3. The ratio of their R.M.S. Sol. P = C 2RMS
velocities is [2008] 3
(1) 3 : 2 (2) 1 : 3 (3) 1 (4) 6 : 8 −2
But C RMS = c
22.  
In a isochoric process if t1 = 27 C and t 2 = 127 C , then
3. (2)
P1 4. (1)
will be equal to [ P1 and P2 are the pressures at Sol. The R.M.S. velocity of the molecules of a gas is given
P2
3kT
t1  C and t 2  C respectively] [2022] by, v rms = , where k is the Boltzmann’s constant.
m
(1) 4 / 3 (2) 9 / 59 (3) 2 / 3 (4) 3 / 4
23. The temperature of 10 moles of a gas is increased from T
 v rms 
30 o C to 80 o C at a constant pressure. If m
1 1
R = 8.2 J / mole K, then the external work done in this −
 v rms  m 2T2
process is, [2023]
(1) 410 J (2) 820 J (3) 4100 J (4) 2050 J 5. (2)
24. A molecules of mass ‘m’ moving with velocity ‘v’ makes 5 Since A compressed isothermally, then
elastic collisions with a wall of container per second. The P
PV = P1 .2V or P1 =
change in momentum of the wall per second in 5 collisions 2
will be [2021] Again since gas is compressed adiabatically,
1 1 P
(1) 10 mv (2) 5 mv (3) mv (4) mv  PV  = P2 (2V ) or P2 = 
5 10 2
25. 
A monoatomic gas is suddenly compressed to (1/ 8) th of its P 2
So, 1 = = 2 −1
initial volume adiabatically. The ratio of the final pressure P2 2
to initial pressure of the gas is ( = 5 / 3) 6. (1)
[2021] In an isobaric process, the volume remains
(1) 32 (2) 8 (3) 40 (4) 24 constant.
 V = 0
1. (3) 7. (2)
2. (3) 8. (2)
3. (2)
Since r.m.s. velocity v  T ,
4. (1)
5. (2) v2 T2
6. (1)  =
7. (2) v1 T1
8. (2) 1.5−1
V 
9. (4)  2  =4
10. (2) V 
 1 
11. (2)
ADDRESS :. MOB: (2)
 0.5  1
 V2  P2 V 
   =4  = 1  = (4) 2 = 8
V  P2  V2 
 1  
V2 15. (3)
 = 16 For adiabatic process,
V
PV 3 / 2 = cons tan t
9. (4) 3
Sol. We know,  =
2
Cp
= and C p − C v = R Using Shortcut 2 (ii),
Cv TV  −1 = cons tan t
C 1  −1
 v =  T1 V1 = T0 V0  −1
Cp 
1
1/ 2
Cv − Cp 1−   T1 V1 = T0 V0 2
 = 1/ 2
Cp  T2 V 
 = 1  = 21/ 2 = 2
R  −1 R T1 V 
=  Cp =  2 
Cp   −1
 T2 = 2 T1 = 2 T
10. (2)
16. (3)
5 3
Sol. n 1 RT = n 2 R (2T) Sol. T1 = −68o C = −68 + 273 K = 205 K
2 2
n1 6 R.M.S. velocity, v rms  T
=
n2 5 (v rms )2 T2
= =2
11. (2) (v rms )1 T1
TH = 600 K T2
 =4
TC T1
 =1−
TH  T2 = 4  205 = 820 K
1  T2 = 547o C
But,  = ....( Given :  = 50%)
2 17. (2)
1 T Q1 − Q2 T1 − T2 t1 − t 2
 = 1− C Efficiency  = = =
2 600 Q1 T1 t1 + 273
 TC = 300 K 18. (2)
With TC = 300 K , the efficiency is increased to Sol. As the gas is compressed isothermally, the temperature
remains constant. The rms speed is given by,
70%
3RT
 New temperature of the source will be TH Vrms =
n ew M
300  The rms speed remains unchanged.
  =1−
T 19. (1)
H new
After isothermal expansion:
300 7
= 1− ....(  = 70 %) P1 V1 = P2 V2
T 10
H mew V1
P2 = P1
3000 V2
 T = = 1000 K
H new 3 V
12. (3) P2 = P1
13. (3) 2V
2 P
Sol. For an ideal gas, R = C p − C v = Cv P2 =
3 2
2 5 After adiabatic expansion:
 Cp = Cv + Cv = Cv P2 V 2 = P3 V  3
3 3
Cp 
5 V 
 = P3 = P2  2 
Cv 3 V 
 3 
Cp 5 5/3
For a monoatomic gas  = = P  2V 
Cv 3 P3 =  
14. (2) 2  16 V 
We know for an adiabatic process, P 1
5/ 3
 P3 =  
P1 V1 = P2 V2 2 8

ADDRESS :. MOB: (3)

=  2
2
P1 1 v rms ( ) 1
P2  2 v rms( ) 2

 (v ) 
2
 P    3 3 3
  rms  =  1    2  =  =
 (v rms )   P2   1  2 2 2
(v rms )1 3
=
(v rms )2 2
22. (4)
In an isochoric process, volume remains constant.
 P T
t1 = 27 C = 27 + 273 = 300 K
t 2 = 127  C = 127 + 273 = 400 K
P1 t1 300 3
 = = =
P2 t 2 400 4
23. (3)
Sol.  The work done is given by :
dW = PdV
= nRdT
= 10  8.2  [(80 + 273 ) − (30 + 273 )]
= 4100 J
24. (1)
Sol. Change in momentum after each collision is
[mv − (−mv )] = 2mv
Hence, the change in momentum after 5 collisions is
5  2mv = 10 mv
25. (1)
V 1 5
Given: 2 = and  =
V1 8 3
For an adiabatic process, we have
P1 V1 = P2 V2

P2 V 
 = 1  = (8) 5 / 3 = (2) 5 = 32
P1 V 
 2 

ADDRESS :. MOB: (4)