CLASS – XI CLASS NOTES Sub- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

CHAPTER- Introduction- AI for Everyone

A. Multiple-choice questions (MCQs):

1: Who is often referred to as the "Father of AI"?
a. Alan Turing
b. John McCarthy
c. Marvin Minsky
d. Herbert A. Simon

2: In which year was the term "Artificial Intelligence" first used by John McCarthy?
a. 1930
b. 1955
c. 1970
d. 2000

3: What does the term "Data is the new oil" imply?

a. Data is as valuable as oil.
b. Data is used as fuel for machines.
c. Data is a non-renewable resource.
d. Data and oil are unrelated.

4: Divya was learning neural networks. She understood that there were three layers in a neural network.
Help her identify the layer that does processing in the neural network.
a. Output layer
b. Hidden layer
c. Input layer
d. Data layer

5: Which category of machine learning occurs in the presence of a supervisor or teacher?

a. Unsupervised Learning
b. Reinforcement Learning
c. Supervised Learning
d. Deep Learning

6: What does Deep Learning primarily rely on to mimic the human brain?
a. Traditional Programming
b. Artificial Neural Networks
c. Machine Learning Algorithms
d. Random Decision Making

7: What is the role of reinforcement learning in machine learning?

a. Creating rules automatically
b. Recognizing patterns in untagged data
c. Rewarding desired behaviors and/or penalizing undesirable ones
d. Mimicking human conversation through voice or text

8: Which AI application is responsible for automatically separating emails into "Spam" and "Not Spam"
categories?
a. Gmail
b. YouTube
c. Flipkart
d. Watson
B. Fill in the Blanks:
1: To determine if a machine or application is AI-based, consider its ability to perform tasks that typically
require human intelligence.
2: Artificial intelligence (AI) enables a machine to carry out cognitive tasks typically performed by humans.
3: Supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning are three categories of machine learning.
4: Deep learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that is entirely based on artificial neural networks.
5: Machine learning can be used for online fraud detection to make cyberspace a safe place.

C. True or False:
1: Chatbots like Alexa and Siri are examples of virtual assistants. True
2: Supervised learning involves training a computer system without labeled input data. False
3: Unstructured data can be easily analysed using traditional relational database techniques. False
4: Deep learning typically requires less time to train compared to machine learning. False
5: Machine learning is not used in everyday applications like virtual personal assistants
and fraud detection. False

D. Short Answer Questions

1: How is machine learning related to AI?
Ans: Machine learning is a subfield of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that enables machines to learn from data
and make decisions or predictions without being explicitly programmed for each task.

2: Define Data. List the types of data.

Ans: Data refers to raw facts and figures that can be processed to generate meaningful information. The
main types of data are: a) Structured Data b. Unstructured Data c. Semi-structured Data

3: Define machine learning.

Ans: Machine learning is a method of data analysis that automates analytical model building. It allows
computers to learn from data and improve performance over time without being explicitly programmed.

4: What is deep learning, and how does it differ from traditional machine learning?
Ans: Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses multi-layered artificial neural networks to
model complex patterns in large datasets. Unlike traditional ML, deep learning requires large volumes of
data and computational power but can automatically extract features without manual intervention.

5: What do you mean by Reinforcement Learning? Write any two applications of Reinforcement Learning at
School.
Ans: Reinforcement Learning is a type of machine learning where an agent learns to make decisions by
receiving rewards or penalties.
Applications at school:
a. AI-based personalized tutoring systems b. Intelligent scheduling and resource management

6: How do you understand whether a machine/application is AI based or not? Explain with the help of an
example.
Ans: A machine is AI-based if it can mimic human cognitive tasks like decision-making, understanding
language, or learning. Example: Google Maps uses AI to analyze traffic data and suggest the fastest routes
based on real-time conditions.

E. Case-study/Application Oriented Questions

1: A hospital implemented an AI system to assist doctors in diagnosing diseases based on medical images
such as X-rays and MRI scans. However, some patients expressed concerns about the accuracy and
reliability of the AI diagnoses. How can the hospital address these concerns?
Ans: To address these concerns, the hospital can:
 Clearly communicate that AI is used as an assistive tool, not a replacement for doctors.
 Implement regular audits and validations of AI performance with medical experts.
 Provide transparency about how AI reaches its decisions.
  Offer second opinions from human doctors alongside AI results.
 Conduct awareness sessions to build patient trust in the system.
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_CHAPTER- Unlocking your Future in AI

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1: Which of the following is a job role in AI related to the automobile industry?
a. Robotics Engineer
b. Virtual Nurse Assistant
c. Sales Forecasting Analyst
d. Autonomous Vehicle Engineer

2: Identify the important soft skill required for AI professionals.

a. Expertise in neural networks
b. Effective communication
c. Proficiency in Python
d. Knowledge of big data technologies

3: Which industry uses AI for personalized travel recommendations?

a. Tourism
b. Banking
c. Healthcare
d. Geospatial

4: What is the purpose of the website “Data Science Central”?

a. Providing a community experience for data practitioners
b. Offering free video-based courses on AI
c. Analyzing market trends using AI algorithms
d. Providing insight into emerging trends in big data

5: Which industry uses AI for market analysis and fraud detection?

a. Finance
b. Media
c. Textile
d. Design

B. Short Answer Questions

1: Name some common job roles in the field of artificial intelligence (AI).
Ans: Common AI job roles include Data Scientist, Machine Learning Engineer, AI Researcher, AI Ethics
Officer, Robotics Engineer, and NLP Specialist.

2: What are some essential technical skills required for a successful career in AI, and why are they
important?
Ans: Essential skills include programming (Python, R), knowledge of machine learning algorithms, data
analysis, mathematics (linear algebra, calculus), and deep learning. These skills help professionals build,
train, and optimize AI models for real-world applications.

3: What is the role of AI professionals in healthcare, finance, and retail industry?

Ans:
 In healthcare, AI professionals develop diagnostic tools and predictive models.
 In finance, they work on fraud detection, algorithmic trading, and risk modeling.
 In retail, they enhance customer experiences through recommendation engines and inventory
optimization.
4: List some popular AI tools and programming languages used by AI professionals.
Ans: Popular tools include TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch, and Scikit-learn. Programming languages include
Python, R, Java, and Julia.

5: What soft skills do AI professionals need, and how do they help them succeed?
Ans: AI professionals need communication skills, teamwork, critical thinking, adaptability, and problem-
solving abilities. These skills help them work effectively in interdisciplinary teams and present complex
results clearly.

6: Why is continuous learning crucial in AI, and how do professionals stay updated with the latest
advancements?
Ans: AI is a rapidly evolving field. Professionals stay updated through online courses, attending
conferences, reading research papers, joining AI communities, and following thought leaders on platforms
like GitHub and LinkedIn.

C. Long Answer Questions

1: How does the global demand for AI professionals affect career opportunities in the field?
Ans: The rising demand for AI professionals globally has opened up vast career opportunities across sectors
such as healthcare, finance, manufacturing, education, and logistics. As AI adoption accelerates, there's a
significant skills gap, making AI expertise highly sought-after. Countries are investing in AI education and
innovation, offering competitive salaries, international collaborations, and remote work options. This global
push has made AI one of the most future-proof and rewarding career paths. Moreover, interdisciplinary roles
combining AI with healthcare, law, or education are also emerging, broadening the scope for diverse
professionals.

2: What are some common job roles in the field of AI, and how do they contribute to the development and
implementation of AI solutions across various industries?
Ans: Some key AI job roles include:
 Data Scientists: Analyze and interpret complex data to aid decision-making.
 Machine Learning Engineers: Build, train, and deploy predictive models.
 AI Researchers: Innovate new algorithms and technologies in AI.
 Natural Language Processing (NLP) Engineers: Develop systems that understand and generate
human language.
 Robotics Engineers: Integrate AI into machines for automation.
These professionals help industries automate tasks, enhance productivity, improve decision-making, and
create smarter products and services. For example, in healthcare, AI helps in early disease detection; in
finance, it detects fraud; and in agriculture, it aids in precision farming.

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