(Chapter - 7 Motion)

(Class – IX)

Page 74

Question 1: www.tiwariacademy.com www.tiwariacademy.com

An object has moved through a distance. Can it have zero displacement? If yes,
support your answer with an example.
Answer 1:
Yes, zero displacement is possible if an object has moved through a distance.
Suppose a body is moving in a circular path and starts moving from point A and
it returns back at same point A after completing one revolution, then the distance
will be equal to its circumference while displacement will be zero.

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Question 2:
A farmer moves along the boundary of a square field of side 10 m in 40 s. What
will be the magnitude of displacement of the farmer at the end of 2 minutes 20
seconds from his initial position?
Answer 2:

Given, side of the square field = 10 m

Therefore, perimeter = 10 m × 4 = 40 m
Farmer moves along the boundary in 40 s
Time = 2 minutes 20 s = 2 × 60 s + 20 s = 140 s
since, in 40 s farmer moves 40 m
Therefore, in 1s distance covered by farmer = 40 ÷ 40 = 1m.
Therefore, in 140s distance covered by farmer = 1 × 140 m = 140 m
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Now, number of rotation to cover 140 along the boundary =
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

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= 140 m ÷ 40 m = 3.5 round

Thus after 3.5 round farmer will at point C (diagonally opposite to his initial
position) of the field.

Therefore, Displacement AC = √102 + 102 = √200 = 10√2 m

Thus, after 2 minute 20 second the displacement of farmer will be equal

to 10√2 m north east from initial position.

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Question 3:
Which of the following is true for displacement?
(a) It cannot be zero.
(b) Its magnitude is greater than the distance travelled by the object.
Answer 3:
None of (a) and (b) are true.

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 Page 76

Question 1: www.tiwariacademy.com
Distinguish between speed and velocity.
Answer 1:
Speed has only magnitude while velocity has both magnitude and direction. So
speed is a scalar quantity but velocity is a vector quantity.

Question 2: www.tiwariacademy.com
Under what condition(s) is the magnitude of average velocity of an object equal
to its average speed?
Answer 2:
The magnitude of average velocity of an object will be equal to its average speed
in the condition of uniform velocity in a straight line motion.
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Question 3:
What does the odometer of an automobile measure?
Answer 3:
In automobiles, odometer is used to measure the distance.
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Question 4:
What does the path of an object look like when it is in uniform motion?
Answer 4:
In the case of uniform motion, the path of an object will look like a straight line.
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Question 5:
During an experiment, a signal from a spaceship reached the ground station in
five minutes. What was the distance of the spaceship from the ground station?
The signal travels at the speed of light, that is, 3×108 ms−1.
Answer 5:
Here we have, speed = 3×108 m/s
Time = 5 minute = 5 × 60 s = 300 s
Using, Distance = Speed × Time
⇒ Distance = 3 ×108 × 300 m = 900 × 108 m= 9.0 × 1010 m

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 Page 77

Question 1:
When will you say a body is in (i) uniform acceleration? (ii) non-uniform
acceleration?
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Answer 1:
(i) A body is said in uniform acceleration when its motion is along a straight line
and its velocity changes by equal magnitude in equal interval of time.
(ii) A body is said in non-uniform acceleration when its motion is along a straight
line and its velocity changes by unequal magnitude in equal interval of time.

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Question 2:
A bus decreases its speed from 80 km/h to 60 km/h in 5 s. Find the acceleration
of the bus.

Answer 2:
80×1000 200
Here, 𝑢 = 80 𝑘𝑚/ℎ = ms −1 = ms −1
3600 9

60×1000 150
𝑣 = 60 𝑘𝑚/ℎ = ms −1 = ms −1
3600 9
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𝑡 = 5𝑠

Therefore, acceleration, a = ?

We know that, v = u + at

150 200 50
v-u ( 9 - 9 ) - 9 10
⇒a= = = =- = -1.1 ms -2
t 5 5 9

Therefore, Acceleration is -1.1 ms -2 .

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Question 3: www.tiwariacademy.com
A train starting from a railway station and moving with uniform acceleration
attains a speed of 40 km/h in 10 minutes. Find its acceleration.
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Answer 3:
Here we have,
Initial velocity, u = 0 m/s

40×1000 100
Final velocity, v = 40 km/h = = ms -1 = ms -1
3600 9

Time (t) = 10 minute = 60 × 10 = 600 s

Acceleration (a) =?

We know that, v = u + at

100
𝑣 − 𝑢 ( 9 − 0) 1
⇒𝑎= = = = 0.0185 ms −2
𝑡 600 54

⇒ a = 0.0185 ms −2

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 Page 81
Question 1:
What is the nature of the distance – time graphs for uniform and non-uniform
motion of an object?
Answer 1:
 The slope of the distance-time graph for an object in uniform motion is
straight line.
 The slope of the distance-time graph for an object in non-uniform motion
is not a straight line.
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Question 2:
What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance-time graph is a
straight line parallel to the time axis?
Answer 2:
When the slope of distance-time graph is a straight line parallel to time axis, the
object is stationary.
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Question 3:
What can you say about the motion of an object if its speed-time graph is a straight
line parallel to the time axis?
Answer 3:
When the graph of a speed time graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis,
the object is moving with constant speed.
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Question 4:
What is the quantity which is measured by the area occupied below the velocity-
time graph?
Answer 4:
The quantity of distance is measured by the area occupied below the velocity time
graph.

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 Page 82
Question 1:
A bus starting from rest moves with a uniform acceleration of 0.1ms–2 for 2
minutes. Find (a) the speed acquired, (b) the distance travelled.
Answer 1:
Here we have,
Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s
Acceleration (a) = 0.1ms–2
Time (t) = 2 minute = 120 seconds
(a) The speed acquired:
We know that, v = u + at
⇒ v = 0 + 0.1 × 120 m/s
⇒ v = 12 m/s
Thus, the bus will acquire a speed of 12 m/s after 2 minute with the given
acceleration.
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(b) The distance travelled:
1
We know that, s = ut + at2
2
1
= 0 × 120 + × 0.1 × (120)2
2
1
= × 0.1 ×14400 m = 720 m
2
Thus, bus will travel a distance of 720 m in the given time of 2 minute.
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Question 2:
A train is travelling at a speed of 90 km/h. Brakes are applied so as to produce a
uniform acceleration of – 0.5 m/s2. Find how far the train will go before it is
brought to rest.
Answer 2:
Here, we have,
90×1000
Initial velocity, u = 90 km/h = ms −1 = 25 ms −1
3600
Final velocity, v = 0 m/s
Acceleration, a = – 0.5 m/s2
Distance travelled = ?
Using, v2 = u2 + 2as

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 v 2 − u2 02 − 252
s= = = 625 m
2a 2(−0.5)

Therefore, train will go 625 m before it brought to rest.

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Question 3:
A trolley, while going down an inclined plane, has an acceleration of 2 cm/s2.
What will be its velocity 3 s after the start?
Answer 3:
Here we have,
Initial velocity, u = 0 m/s
Acceleration (a) = 2 cm/s2 = 0.02 m/s2
Time (t) = 3 s
Final velocity, v = ?
We know that, v = u + at
Therefore, v = 0 + 0.02 × 3 m/s
⇒ v = 0.06 m/s
Therefore the final velocity of trolley will be 0.06 m/s after start.
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Question 4:
A racing car has a uniform acceleration of 4 m/s2. What distance will it cover in
10 s after start?
Answer 4:
Here we have,
Acceleration, a = 4 m/s2
Initial velocity, u = 0 m/s
Time, t = 10 s
Distance covered (s) =?
1
We know that, s = ut + at2
2
1
⇒ s = 0 × 10 + × 4 × (10)2 m
2
⇒ s = 2 × 100 m
⇒ s = 200 m
Thus, racing car will cover a distance of 200 m after start in 10 s with given
acceleration.
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Question 5: www.tiwariacademy.com
A stone is thrown in a vertically upward direction with a velocity of 5 m/s. If the
acceleration of the stone during its motion is 10 m/s2 in the downward direction,
what will be the height attained by the stone and how much time will it take to
reach there?
Answer 5:
Here we have,
Initial velocity (u) = 5 m/s
Final velocity (v) = 0 m/s
Acceleration (a) = – 10 m/s2
Height, i.e. Distance, s =?
Time (t) taken to reach the height =?

We know that, v2 = u2 + 2as

⇒ 0 = (5)2 + 2 × −10 × s
⇒ 0 = 25 − 20s
⇒ s = 25/20 m
⇒ s = 1.25 m

Now, we know that, v = u + at

⇒ 0 = 5 + (–10) × t
⇒ 0 = 5 − 10t
⇒ t = 5/10 s
⇒ t = 0.5 s
Thus, stone will attain a height of 1.25 m and time taken to attain the height is
0.5 s.

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 (Class – IX)

Exercises
Question 1: www.tiwariacademy.com www.tiwariacademy.com
An athlete completes one round of circular track of diameter 200 m in 40 sec.
What will be the distance covered and the displacement at the end of 2 minutes
20 sec?
Answer 1:
Time taken = 2 min 20 sec = 140 sec.
Radius, r = 100 m.
In 40 sec the athlete complete one round.
So, in 140 sec the athlete will complete = 140 ÷ 40 = 3.5 round.
⇒ Distance covered in 140 sec = 2πr × 3.5 = 2 × 22/7 × 100 × 3.5 = 2200 m.
At the end of his motion, the athlete will be in the diametrically opposite position.
⇒ Displacement = diameter = 200 m.
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Question 2: www.tiwariacademy.com
Joseph jogs from one end A to another end B of a straight 300 m road in 2 minutes
and 30 sec and then turns around and jogs 100 m back to point C in another 1
minute. What are Joseph’s average speeds and velocities in jogging (a) from A
to B (b) from A to C?
Answer 2:
(a) For motion from A to B:
Distance covered = 300 m
Displacement = 300 m.
Time taken = 150 sec.
We know that, Average speed = Total distance covered ÷ Total time taken
= 300 m ÷ 150 sec = 2 ms-1
Average velocity = Net displacement ÷ time taken
= 300 m ÷ 150 sec = 2 ms-1
(b) For motion from A to C:
Distance covered = 300 + 100 = 400 m.
Displacement = AB - CB = 300 - 100 = 200 m.
Time taken = 2.5 min + 1 min = 3.5 min = 210 sec.
Therefore, Average speed = Total distance covered ÷ Total time taken
= 400 ÷ 210 = 1.90 ms-1.
Average velocity = Net displacement ÷ time taken
= 200 m ÷ 210 sec = 0.952ms-1.

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Question 3: www.tiwariacademy.com
Abdul, while driving to school, computes the average speed for his trip to be 20
kmh-1. On his return trip along the same route, there is less traffic and the average
speed is 30 kmh-1. What is the average speed of Abdul’s trip?
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Answer 3:
Let one side distance = x km.
Time taken for forward trip at a speed of 20 km/h = Distance / Speed = x/20 h.
Time taken in return trip at a speed of 30 km/h = x/30 h.

𝑥 𝑥 3𝑥+2𝑥 5𝑥
Total time for the whole trip = + = = h.
20 30 60 60

Total distance covered = 2x km.

We know, Average speed = Total distance ÷ Total time

= 2x ÷ (5x/60) = 24 kmh-1.

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Question 4:
A motor boat starting from rest on a lake accelerates in a straight line at a constant
rate of 3.0 ms-2 for 8.0 s. How far does the boat travel during this time?
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Answer 4:
Here, u = 0 m/s
a = 3 ms-2
t=8s

Using, s = ut + ½ at2
s = 0 × 8 + ½ × 3 × 82 = 96 m.

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Question 5: www.tiwariacademy.com
A driver of a car travelling at 52 kmh-1 applies the brakes and accelerates
uniformly in the opposite direction. The car stops after 5 s. Another driver going
at 34 kmh-1 in another car applies his brakes slowly and stops in 10 s. On the same
graph paper, plot the speed versus time graphs for two cars. Which of the two
cars travelled farther after the brakes were applied?
Answer 5: www.tiwariacademy.com
In in the following graph, AB and CD are the time graphs for the two cars whose
initial speeds are 52 km/h(14.4 m/s) and 34 km/h(8.9 m/s), respectively.

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Distance covered by the first car before coming to rest
= Area of triangle AOB
= ½ × AO × BO
= ½ × 52 kmh-1 × 5 s
= ½ x (52 × 1000 × 1/3600) ms-1 × 5 s = 36.1 m
Distance covered by the second car before coming to rest
= Area of triangle COD
= ½ × CO × DO
= ½ × 34 km h-1 × 10 s
= ½ × (34 × 1000 × 1/3600) ms-1 ×10 s = 47.2 m
Thus, the second car travels farther than the first car after they applied the brakes.

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Question 6: www.tiwariacademy.com
Fig 8.11 shows the distance-time graph of three objects A, B and C. Study the
graph and answer the following questions:

(a) Which of the three is travelling the fastest?

(b) Are all three ever at the same point on the road?
(c) How far has C travelled when B passes A?
(d) How far has B travelled by the time it passes C?
Answer 6:
(a) B is travelling fastest as he is taking less time to cover more distance.
(b) All three are never at the same point on the road.
(c) Approximately 6 kms. [as 8 – 2 = 6]
(d) Approximately 7 kms. [as 7 – 0 = 7]
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Question 7:
A ball is gently dropped from a height of 20 m. If its velocity increases uniformly
at the rate of 10ms-2, with what velocity will it strike the ground? After what time
will it strike the ground?
Answer 7:
Here, u = 0 m/s, s = 20 m, a = 10 ms-2, v = ?, t=?
Using v – u = 2as
2 2

We have, v2 – 02 = 2 × 10 × 20 = 400 ⇒ v = 20 ms-1.

and t = (v – u) ÷ a = 20 ÷ 10 = 2 s.

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Question 8: www.tiwariacademy.com
The speed – time graph for a car is shown in Figure:

(a) Find how far does the car travel in the first 4 seconds. Shade the area on the
graph that represents the distance travelled by the car during the period.
(b) Which part of the graph represents uniform motion of the car?
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Answer 8:
(a) Distance covered = area under speed – time
1
⇒ Distnce = × 4 × 6 = 12 m
2
Shaded area representing the distance travelled is as follows:

(b) After 6 seconds the car moves in uniform motion (at a speed of 6 m/s).

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Question 9: www.tiwariacademy.com
State which of the following situations are possible and give an example of each
of the following:
(a) an object with a constant acceleration but with zero velocity,
(b) an object moving in a certain direction with an acceleration in the
perpendicular direction.
Answer 9:
(a) Yes, a body can have acceleration even when its velocity is zero. When a body
is thrown up, at highest point its velocity is zero but it has acceleration equal to
acceleration due to gravity.
(b) Yes, an acceleration moving horizontally is acted upon by acceleration due to
gravity that acts vertically downwards.
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Question 10:
An artificial is moving in a circular orbit of radius 42250 km. Calculate its speed
if it takes 24 hrs to revolve around the earth.
Answer 10:
Here,
r = 42250 km = 42250000 m
T = 24 h = 24 × 60 × 60 s

Using Speed, v = 2πr ÷ T

v = (2 × 3.14 × 42250000) ÷ (24 × 60 × 60) m/s

= 3070.9 m/s = 3.07 km/s

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