THE MAKERS ACADEMY Kotli

CAMPUS, AJK.
ENTRY TEST LECTURE NOTES PHYSICS
SESSION 2025
NMDCAT/NUMS/ETEA

In these lecture notes you will find:

• Key points of the topics prescribed by PMC

• Short cuts/ problem solving technique

COURSE INSTRUTOR: Shahid Hassan

(1) LECTURER in PHYSICS,
PUNJAB COLLEGE, H-11 CAMPUS,
ISLAMABAD
(2) TORCIA Education
system 6th road
Rawalpindi,

CONTENTS OF LECTURE # 1 (UNIT 1 A)

(According to Makers SOS)
FORCE AND MOTION
Learning outcomes:
(1) Displacement
(2) Velocity
(3) Displacement-time graph
(4) Acceleration, Uniform acceleration, Variable acceleration
(5) Graphical representation of acceleration with velocity time graph
(6) Newton's laws of motion
 (1) DISTANCE & DISPLACEMENT
• Distance is a measure of how far an object travels around any arbitrary path
➢ Can’t be zero or negative for a moving object
➢ Units: m, cm, km, mm etc (SI: m)
• Displacement is a measure of shortest distance b/w starting and finishing point
➢ Can be zero, negative and positive for a moving object.
➢ Units: m, cm, km, mm etc (SI: m)
➢ Ratio of displacement to distance is always less than or equal to one.
➢ In a complete circle the distance is equal to its circumference and displacement is
zero

(2) Velocity, Speed & their averages

 (3) Acceleration & its types
• Rate of change of change of velocity is called acceleration.
• It is a vector quantity
• It may be positive or negative.
• 𝜟𝒗
𝒂= measured in “ms-2”
Δ𝑡

• An object may have velocity and no acceleration.

• An object may have acceleration and no velocity.

(4) Laws of motion

(5) DISPLACEMNT TIME AND VELOCITY TIME GRAPHS
 THINK!

FREE FALL

=> Distance travelled in “nth” second with constant acceleration = S = ½ a (2n-1)

 Practice McQs

1. The shortest distance between two points is called

(A) Speed (B) Acceleration (C) Distance (D) Displacement
2. A body covered a distance of 5m along a semicircular path. The ratio of distance to
displacement is:
(A) 11:7 (B) 12:5 (C) 8:3 (D) 7:5
3. If a body is moving with constant velocity of 50 m/s towards south then its acceleration if:
(A) 5 m/s2 (B) 9 m/s2 (C) 10 m/s2 (D) Zero
4. When a body moves with the constant velocity, then velocity time graph:
(A) Parabola (B) Straight line (C) Hyperbola (D) Curve
5. If velocity time graph is parallel to time axis, then acceleration of moving body will be:
(A) Maximum (B) Zero (C) Infinite (D) None
6. A same force F is applied respectively on two different masses m1 and m2 moving with
acceleration a1 and a2. Identify the true mass acceleration ratio:
(A) m1/ m2 = a1/ a2 (B) m2/ m1 = a2/ a1 (C) m1/ m2 = a2/ a1 (D) None
2
7. The engine of a car produces acceleration of 4 m/s in the car. If this car pulls another car of
same mass, what will be the acceleration produces in m/s2?
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 12
8. A baseball is thrown vertically into the air. The acceleration of the ball at its highest point is:
(A) Zero (B) g, up (C) g, down (D) 2g, down

9. Feather and a lead ball are dropped from rest in vacuum on the Moon. The acceleration of the
 feather is:
a. More than that of the lead ball (B) Less than that of the lead ball
(C) The same as that of the lead ball (D) 9.8 m/s2
10. Which of the following velocity-time graph represents infinite acceleration?
a. Straight line normal to the time – axis (B) Straight line inclined to the time axis at an angle of 45o
(C) Straight line parallel to the time axis (D) Straight line inclined to the time axis at an angle of 135o
11. Area under the velocity-time graph shows the:
(A) Acceleration of a body (B) Distance covered (C) Work done (D) Force of the
body
12. A train of length 150 m is going to north with a speed f 10ms-1. A parrot flies 5ms-1 toward south
parallel to the railway line. The time taken by parrot to cross the train is
(A) 8 s (B) 12 s (C) 10 s (D) 15 s
-1 -1
13. A body covers one half of its journey at 40ms and the next half at 50 . Its average velocity is:
(A) 44.4 ms-1 (B) 45 ms-1 (C) 50 ms-1 (D) 40 ms-1
nd
14. Newton’s 2 gives the measurement of:
(A) Acceleration (B) Momentum (C) Force (D) Inertia
15. Two forces each of magnitude 10N acting on a string in opposite direction, the tension in the
string is:
(A) 10 N (B) 20 N (C) 40 N (D) 0 N
16. Motorcycle safety helmet extends time of collision hence decreasing the:
(A) Change of collision (B) Velocity (C)Force acting (D) Impulse
17. The minimum number of equal/unequal forces that keeps the body in equilibrium are:
(A) Two (B) Four (C) Three (D) Five
18. If a body is moving with uniform velocity, then its average velocity is equal to:
a. Its acceleration (B) Instantaneous velocity
(C) Variable velocity (D) Zero velocity

19. Two objects moving along the opposite direction with different mass but same velocity. There
relative velocity becomes:
(A) 2 times (B) 4 times (C) 0 (D) Both A and B

20. A car travels the first half of a distance between two places at a speed of 30 km/hr and the second
half of the distance at 50 km/hr. The average speed of the car for the whole journey is
a. 42.5 km/hr (C)40.0 km/hr
b. 37.5 km/hr (D)35.0 km/hr
21. A body having uniform acceleration of 10 ms−2 has a velocity of 100 ms−1 in what time, the velocity
will be doubled?
A) 8 s C) 10 s
B) 12 s D) 14 s
22. A man goes 10m towards North, then 20m towards east then displacement is
A) 22.5m C) 25m
B) 25.5m D) 30m
23. Displacement-time graph of two moving particles A and B is shown (v = velocity, a =
acceleration), then
v
A) aB = 2aA A

B) vA = vB
vel

B
60o
C) aA = 3aB 30o
O t
time
D) vA = 3vB
24. What will be the ratio of the distance moved by a feely falling body from rest in the 4th and the 5th
seconds of its motion?
A) 4 : 5 C) 7 : 9
B) 1: 25 D) 16 : 25
25. The area under acceleration time graph represents :
A) Displacement C) Velocity
B) Distance covered D) Force
26. The velocity time graph of a body moving in a straight is shown in figure. The
displacement and distance travelled by a body in 6 second are respectively.
a. 8m,16m (C)16m,8m
b. 16m,16m (D)8m,8m

27. A particle of mass ‘m’ moving with velocity v strikes elastically with a stationary particle of mass ‘2m’
and sticks to it. The velocity of the system after impact will be
a. v (C)2v
b. v/2 (D)v/3
28. A cyclist is riding at a steady speed on a level road. According to Newton’s third law of motion what is
equal and opposite to the backward push of the wheel on the road?
A) The force exerted by the cyclist on the pedals
B) The forward push of the road on the back wheel
C) The tension in the cycle chain
D) The total air resistance and friction force
29. A constant mass undergoes uniform acceleration. Which of the following is a correct statement about
the resultant force acting on the mass?
A) It increase uniformly with respect to time
B) It is constant but not zero
C) It is proportional to the displacement from a fixed point
D) It is proportional to the velocity
30. A motocyclist travelling at 10 ms−1, can bring his motorcycle to rest in a distance of 10m. If he had been
travelling at 30 ms−1, in what distance could be bring the motorcycle to rest using the same braking
force?
A) 17 m C) 30 m
B) 52 m D) 90 m
31. A person standing on a horizontal floor feels two forces: The downward pull of gravity and the upward
supporting force from the floor. These two forces
A) Have equal magnitude and form an action/reaction pair
 B) Have equal magnitude but do not form an action/reaction pair
C) Have unequal magnitudes
D) Are equal forces
32. A shell of mass 10 kg moving downwards with a velocity of 200 m/s explodes in mid air and two
fragments of masses 5 kg each are produced. If velocity of one fragment is 100 m/s then velocity of other
fragment is
A) 100 m/s C) 300 m/s
B) 200 m/s D) 400 m/s
33. If K.E of a body is equal to the magnitude of its momentum, then the velocity of the body will be?
A) 1 m/s C) 2 m/s
B) 4 m/s D) 3 m/s
34. The distance traveled by a body dropped from the top of a tower is proportional to
A) Mass of the body C) Weight of the body
B) Height of the tower D) Square of the time elapses
35. The average force necessary to stop a hammer, having a momentum of 25 Ns, in 0.05 s is:
A) 5 N C) 50 N
B) 500 N D) 5000 N
36. Which is not one of Newton’s law of motion?
A) The total momentum of a system of interacting bodies remains constants, providing no external force acts.
B) The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the external force acting on
the body and takes place in the direction of the force
C) If body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts an equal and oppositely-directed force on body A.
D) A body continues in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by
some external force.

37. A force 2F acting on a particle of mass 10 kg produces an acceleration of 60 ms−2. A force 5F acting on a
particle of mass M produces an acceleration of 50 ms−2
What is the mass M?
A) 3.3 kg C) 4.8 kg
B) 21 kg D) 30 kg
38. The change in position of body in particular direction is called:
A) Distance C) Length
B) Displacement D) Both A & B
39. Mathematically displacement is equal to:
A) →
𝑟 −→ 𝑟 C) →
𝑟 →𝑟
1 2 1 2
B) →
𝑟 −→
𝑟 D) →→
𝑟1

1 →
𝑟→
2 2
40. The slope of distance time graph is always.
A) Negative C) Zero
B) Positive D) Constant
41. The direction of displacement is towards the:
A) Initial point C) Along force
B) Final point D) Both B & C
42. Gradient of displacement-time graph is equal to:
A) Speed C) Velocity
B) Distance D) Force
43. Negative slope of d-t graph shows:
A) Forward journey of body C) Body is at rest
B) Reverse journey of body D) Negative acceleration
44. When a body completes one rotation in circle is displacement and distance is:
A) 0,0 C) 1,0
B) 0,1 D) 0,2πr
45. If d-t graph is parallel to time axis than velocity of body:
A) Positive C) Zero
B) Negative D) Increasing
46. The retardation is defined as
A) Increase in velocity per unit time C) Decrease in speed per unit tine
B) Decrease in velocity per unit time D) Increase in speed per unit time
47. In which of the following cases forces may not be required to keep the
A) Particle going in a circle C) Particle going along a straight line
 B) The momentum of the particle constant D) Acceleration of the particle constant
48. If the velocity of the body changes by equal amount in equal intervals of time, the body is said to have:
A) Variable acceleration C) Uniform acceleration
B) Uniform velocity D) Negative acceleration
52 One ball is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 9.8 m/s. If it takes 10 seconds to reach the
highest point, then the acceleration of the ball is:
A) 9.8 ms−2 C) 98 ms−2
B) 980 ms−2 D) −9.8 ms−2
th
49. Arshad is driving down 7 street. He drives 150 meter in 18 seconds. Assume he does not speed up or
slow down. What is his average speed?
A) 0.38 m/s C) 126 m/s
B) 8.33 m/s D) 58.33 m/s
50. In the following graph, distance travelled by the body in uniform motion is
A) 200 m Y
B) 100 m 15

C) 300 m v (m/s )
10

D) 50 m 5
X
0 10 20 30
Time (s)
51. A car moves for half of its time at 80 km/h and for rest half of time at 40 km/h. Total distance covered
is 60 km. What is the average speed of the car
a. 60 km / h 80 km / h
b. 120 km / h c. 180 km / h

“Opportunities don't happen, you create

them.”

— Chris Grosser