Honors Chemistry Study Guide Final 23-24
1. Define the following terms:
a. Chemical reactions:
A process that involves the rearrangement of the molecular or ionic
structure of a substance.
b. Law of conservation of mass:
Mass can neither be created nor destroyed but exists as a constant
quantity in nature.
c. Reactants:
The substances which participate in a chemical reaction.
d. Products:
The substances that are present at the end of a chemical reaction.
e. Thermal decomposition:
Chemical decomposition caused by heat.
f. Coefficients:
A numerical value placed in front of balanced chemical equations
to signify the number of units of a particular substance.
g. Subscripts:
A numerical value placed at the bottom right to indicate the
number of atoms of an element.
h. First Law of Thermodynamics
A statement of the conservation of energy. Energy cannot be
created nor destroyed. It can be converted from one form to
another. The energy of the universe is a constant.
i. Heat:
The amount of energy that is transferred from one system to its
surroundings, or vice versa, because of temperature differences.
j. Specific Heat:
The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of one
gram of a substance by 1℃.
k. Heat of Fusion:
The quantity of energy needed to melt or freeze a substance
under conditions of constant pressure.
l. Heat of Vaporization:
The quantity of energy needed to vaporize or condense a
substance under conditions of constant pressure.
2. Balance the following chemical equations. Need help? Watch this
video
a. __2___C2H2 + __5___O2 → __4___CO2 + __2___H2O
b. _____H2O2 → _____H2O + _____O2
c. _____C7H16 + _____O2 → _____CO2 + _____H2O
d. _____SiO2 + _____HF → _____SiF4 + _____H2O
e. _____KClO3 → _____KCl + _____O2
f. _____P4O10 + _____H2O → _____H3PO4
g. _____Sb + _____O2 → _____Sb4O6
3. Calculate the molar mass for the following. Need help? Watch this
video.
a. Mg(OH)2
b. (NH4)3PO4
c. Fe2(SO4)3
4. Calculate the following using the molar masses calculated in
question 3. Need help? Watch this video.
a. Calculate the mass of 3.6 moles of Mg(OH)2.
b. Calculate the number of moles in a 40.86 g sample of
(NH4)3PO4.
c. Convert 10.6 moles of Fe2(SO4)3 to mass in grams.
5. Calculate the following mole-to-mole problems. Need help? Watch
this video.
2 C10H22 + 31 O2 → 20 CO2 + 22 H2O
a. How many moles of CO2 are produced if 5.0 moles of C10H22 react with an
excess of O2?
b. How many moles of O2 react with 0.75 moles of C10H22?
c. How many moles of O2 would be required to produce 4.0 moles
of H2O?
6. Complete the following stoichiometry problems. Need help? Watch
this video.
a. Determine the mass of lithium hydroxide produced when 0.38
grams of Li3N reacts with water according to the following
unbalanced chemical equation:
___Li3N (s) + ___H2O (l) → ___NH3 + ___LiOH
b. Determine the mass of carbon dioxide produced when 0.85 grams
of butane (C4H10) reacts with oxygen according to the following
balanced chemical equation:
2 C4H10 + 13 O2 → 8 CO2 + 10 H2O
c. You decomposed hydrogen peroxide in the lab. You and your
partner do not agree on what the chemical reaction is. The
following are the proposed reactions:
Your reaction: H 2 O2 → H2 + O2
Your partner’s reaction: 2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2
The following data was collected:
Mass of Beaker 36.39 g
Mass of Beaker and H2O2 41.31 g
before Rxn
Mass of O2 gas Collected 2.32 g
during Rxn
Using the data above, prove which reaction is correct. Support
your answer with stoichiometry.
7. A 3.82 g sample of magnesium nitride is reacted with 7.73 g of water.
Mg ! N" + 3H" O → 2NH! + 3MgO
The actual yield of MgO is 3.60 g. What is the percentage yield of the
reaction?
0.03785mole Mg Na
3.829MgNa 7 em
4.5779 Mgo
0.03785moleMgNa i if mm
8
Itf
Yield 0.788 100
78.8
8. Carbon Dioxide (CO" ) is a greenhouse gas contributing to climate
change. Consider the combustion reaction in propane (C! H# ), a minor
component in natural gas which is used in domestic cooking and
heating
C! H# + 5O" → 3CO" + 4H" O
Calculate the mass (in kg) of propane needed to produce 2 metric tons
(2,000 kg) of CO" .
8 1.01 44 11 9 mole 2,000kg 2,000,000g
34g 3 12.01
1 12.01 2 16.00 44.01g mole
02
299 9 9
2 45,444.22mole CO2
sina.omolec.us
21 EE iiiiiii.is
1 ff.tt cshs.If
668,181.59 348
668181.59 348 668 Kg 348
9. A sample of 35.5 grams of liquid water is cooled from boiling point
( 100 ℃). Approximately 3713 Joules of heat are released in this
process. What is the final temperature of the liquid water? Liquid
water has a specific heat of 4.184 J/g ℃.
DH Q MCAT
MC Tf Ti
Q
100
3713 35.5 4.184 Tf
3713 148.532 Tf 100
3713 148.5327 14853 2
11140 2 148.5327
75 C Tf
10. Complete this Dimensional Analysis problem REVIEW
11. Complete the Atomic Spectra Review (Read/Watch/Answer review
questions)
12. Real all notes you have in your OpenSciEd notebook!
