Q1 1 Marks
2024
Q2 1 Marks
2024
Q3 1 Marks
2023
Q4 1 Marks
2023
Q5 1 Marks
2021
Q6 1 Marks
2021
Q7
1 Marks
2024
Q8
1 Marks
2023
Q9
1 Marks
2023
Q10
1 Marks
2021
Q11
1 Marks
2016
Q12 1 Marks
2021
Q13 1 Marks
2021
Q14 1 Marks
2021
Q15 1 Marks
2024
Q16 1 Marks
2023
Q17 1 Marks
2021
Q18 1 Marks
2021
Q19 1 Marks
2020
Q20 1 Marks
2023
Q21 1 Marks
2021
Q22 1 Marks
2021
Q23 1 Marks
2021
Q24
2 Marks
2024
i) Hydrochloric acid: It creates an acidic environment in the stomach,
which helps in the digestion of proteins and kills harmful bacteria.
ii) Villi: These are small, finger-like projections in the small intestine that
increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients.
iii) Anal Sphincter: It controls the expulsion of feces from the body,
maintaining continence.
iv) Lipase: It is an enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and
glycerol, aiding in fat digestion.
Q25
2 Marks
2024
Amoeba exhibit holozoic nutrition in which organisms consume
solid or liquid food and process it internally.
Amoeba takes in food using temporary finger-like extensions of
the cell surface, which fuse over the food particle, forming a
food vacuole. In the food vacuum, complex substances are
broken down into simpler ones and diffused into the cytoplasm.
The remaining undigested material is moved to the cell's
surface and thrown out.
Q26 2 Marks
2023
The enzyme present in the fluid in our mouth cavity is called amylase.
It is produced by the salivary glands. If the salivary glands stop
secreting amylase, the digestion of carbohydrates would be impaired,
as amylase is responsible for breaking down starches into simpler
sugars. This could lead to incomplete digestion and absorption of
carbohydrates, potentially causing digestive issues.
Q27 2 Marks
2024
When athletes experience muscle cramps while running, it's usually due to a
shift from aerobic respiration (using oxygen) to anaerobic respiration
(without oxygen), which produces lactic acid as a byproduct, leading to
muscle fatigue and cramping.
It takes place in absence of oxygen, whereas aerobic respiration takes place
in presence of oxygen.
Q28 2 Marks
Lymph is also known as tissue fluid, lymphatic fluid. 2024
Two functions of lymph are:
1. Lymph helps maintain fluid levels in the body by removing
excess fluid from tissues.
2. Lymph helps the body fight infection and disease by producing
and releasing antibodies and white blood cells.
Q29 2 Marks
2024
Plants absorb water from the soil through their roots. This water travels
up through the plant via a process called transpiration. Transpiration is
the movement of water from the soil, through the roots, up the stem (or
trunk), and finally to the leaves where it evaporates into the
atmosphere. This process is crucial for maintaining the plant's health
and facilitating nutrient transport.
Q30 2 Marks
2023
a) Xylem transports water and minerals in plants from roots up to the stem,
to the leaves. If Xylem is removed from a plant, the plant will not be able to
transport water to leaves, hindering various processes like photosynthesis,
transpiration, growth etc. The plant will initially wilt and then ultimately die.
b) When we are injured and start bleeding then platelets present in our blood
help in clotting of blood. And, blood stops flow.
Q31 2 Marks
2023
(i) Renal Artery: Carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys for filtration.
(ii) Urethra: Transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
(iii) Glomerulus: Performs the initial filtration of blood in the kidneys.
(iv) Tubular part of nephron: Reabsorbs essential substances and secretes
waste into urine.
Q32 3 Marks
2023
a) Take two test tubes A and B. In test tube A, put one teaspoon full
of boiled rice and in test tube B, keep one teaspoon full of boiled
rice after chewing it for 3 to 5 minutes.
Add 3-4 mL of water in both test tubes and add few drops of
iodine solution in each test tube.
In test tube A, colour of rice changes because of absence of any
enzyme while in test tube B, no colour change is observed
because when rice is chewed, amylase enzyme present in saliva
breaks down the starch of rice to simple sugars.
b) Bile juice break down fats into fatty acids that can be taken into the body
by the digestive tract. In addition, it provides alkaline fluid in intestine to
neutralise the acidic pH of food that comes from stomach.
Q33
3 Marks
2020
a: Pepsin
b: HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)
c: Mucus
d: The main function of pepsin is to digest proteins
e: The main function of HCl is to create an acidic environment, kill
microbes and activate inactive pepsinogen into an active form.
f: Mucus protects the wall of the stomach from the acidic effect of acid.
Q34
3 Marks
2016
It refers to the process of inhaling It is a process where breaking
oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide down of glucose produces energy
through the lungs and the cell uses it to perform
cellular work
It occurs in the lungs It takes place in cells
it does not produce energy It releases energy in the form of
ATP
Q35 3 Marks
2016
Q36 3 Marks
2023
(i) The heart receives deoxygenated blood from different parts of the
body, and it pumps this blood to the lungs. The oxygenated blood from the
lungs returns to the heart, which is pumped again into different parts of
the body by the heart. Thus, the blood passes twice through the heart
making one complete round through the body. This is called double
circulation.
(ii) The separation of the right side and the left side of the heart is useful to
keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing. Such separation
allows a highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body. This is useful in
animals that have high energy needs, such as birds and mammals, which
constantly use energy to maintain their body temperature.
Q37 3 Marks
2019
Three main kinds of blood vessels of the human circulatory
system are:
(i) Arteries carry blood away from your heart.
(ii) Veins carry blood back toward your heart.
(iii) Capillaries, the smallest blood vessels, connect arteries and
veins.
Q38
4 Marks
2021
Q39
5 Marks
2020
(a) Nutrition is essential for the human body as it provides the necessary
nutrients for energy, growth, and cellular repair.
(b) The movement of food in the alimentary canal is caused by peristalsis,
which is a series of wave-like muscle contractions.
(c) Herbivores have a longer small intestine than carnivores because they
require more time to digest plant material, which is harder to break down.
(d) If mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands, the stomach lining can be
damaged by the acidic gastric juices, leading to ulcers and other digestive
issues.
Q40 5 Marks
2020
a) Aquatic organisms breathe faster as compared to terrestrial organisms.
This is because the amount of O2 present in the water is very less as
compared to the amount of O2 present in the air. That's why aquatic
organisms to get more O2 they need to breath faster as compared to
terrestrial organisms.
b)
Q41 5 Marks
2016
a) (i) Herbivores need a longer small intestine than that of carnivores because
their diet is mostly grass and plants, that contains more fibres and cellulose
which are hard to digest. Carnivores diet is not rich in cellulose so, they do
not need bacteria for cellulose digestion.
(ii) The lungs contain alveoli which provide a surface where the exchange of
gases can take place. The walls of the alveoli contain an extensive network
of blood vessels. The alveolar surface maximises the area for the exchange
of gases.
(b) The aquatic organisms use the oxygen dissolved in water to carry out
respiration. Since the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is low as
compared to the amount of oxygen in air, the rate of breathing in aquatic
animals is much faster than in terrestrial animals.
Q42 5 Marks
2015
a)
b) Nephrons are the basic structural and functional units of the kidney
that filter blood and form urine.
Filtration of blood and formation of urine in nephron involves the following
steps:
(1) The blood along with waste and excess water is brought to kidney by renal
arteries. Blood is filtered from the blood capillaries into Bowman's capsule.
(i) As the nephric filtrate passes through the tubular part of nephron, useful
substances like glucose, amino acid, mineral ions, water, etc., are reabsorbed
by blood capillaries surrounding the nephron.
(i Tubular secretion occurs mainly in the renal tubule and the collecting duct
of the nephron where additional wastes are excreted from the blood stream
into the filtrate.
(iv) The fluid that flows through collecting tubule is urine which consists of
water, urea, uric acid, mineral ions like sodium, potassium, chloride,
phosphates, etc.
