Exercise 11.

2
Page No 11.54:
4
Question 1: If cos θ = , find all other trigonometric ratios of angle θ.
5

ANSWER:
4
Given: cos θ =
5

T IO S
Now, we have to find all the other trigonometric ratios.

I
We have the following right angle triangle.
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

From the above figure,

Perpendicular = √Hypotenuse2 − Base2

⇒ AB = √AC 2 − BC 2
⇒ AB = √52 − 42
⇒ AB = 3
Therefore,
𝐴𝐵 3
sin 𝜃 = =
𝐴𝐶 5
𝐴𝐶 5
cosec 𝜃 = =
𝐴𝐵 3
 𝐴𝐶 5
sec 𝜃 = =
𝐵𝐶 4
𝐴𝐵 3
tan 𝜃 = =
𝐵𝐶 4
𝐵𝐶 4
cot 𝜃 = =
𝐴𝐵 3

Page No 11.54:
1
, find all other trigonometric ratios of angle θ.

T IO S
Question 2: If sin θ =
√2

I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
1
A
Given: sin θ =
√2

PY
DO U A

We have to find all the trigonometric ratios.

T
ED PR

We have the following right angle triangle.

C
©

From the above figure,

Base = √Hypotenuse2 − Perpendicular 2

⇒ BC = √AC 2 − AB2

⇒ BC = √(√2)2 − 12
⇒ BC = 1

𝐵𝐶 1
sin 𝜃 = =
𝐴𝐶 √2
𝐴𝐶 √2
cosec 𝜃 = = = √2
𝐴𝐵 1
𝐴𝐶 √2
sec 𝜃 = = = √2
𝐵𝐶 1
𝐴𝐵 1
tan 𝜃 = = =1

T IO S
𝐵𝐶 1
𝐵𝐶 1

I
cot 𝜃 = = =1
NO A D
𝐴𝐵 1

CO N
A

PY
Page No 11.54:
DO U A

cosec2 θ−sec2 θ
T 1
Question 3: If tan θ = , find the value of .
ED PR

√2 cosec2 θ+cot2 θ

ANSWER:
C

1
Given: tan θ =
©

√2
cosec2 θ−sec2 θ
We have to find the value of the expression
cosec2 θ+cot2 θ

We know that,
1 + cot 2 θ = cosec 2 θ
⇒ cosec 2 θ − cot 2 θ = 1
Therefore, the given expression can be written as
cosec2 θ−sec2 θ cosec2 θ−sec2 θ
=
cosec2 θ+cot2 θ 1+cot2 θ+cot2 θ
cosec2 θ−sec2 θ
=
1+2 cot2 θ
 1
tan θ = ⇒ 𝑐𝑜t θ = √2
√2
cosec2 θ−sec2 θ 1+cot2 θ−(1+tan2 θ)
=
1+2 cot2 θ 1+2 cot2 θ
cot2 θ−tan2 θ
= (since sec 2 θ = 1 + tan2 θ)
1+2 cot2 θ
2 1 2
(√2) −( )
√2
= 2
1+2 (√2)

T IO S
3
=
10

I
NO A D
Hence, the value of the given expression is
3
.

CO N
10
A

PY
DO U A
Page No 11.54:
T
ED PR

4sin θ−cos θ+1

Question 4: If 4tanθ = 3, evaluate .
4sin θ+cos θ−1

ANSWER:
C
©

3
Given: 4tanθ = 3 ⇒ tan θ =
4
Let us suppose a right angle triangle ABC right angled at B, with one of
the acute angle θ. Let the sides be BC = 3k and AB = 4k, where k is a
positive number.

By Pythagoras theorem, we get

AC 2 = BC 2 + AB2
AC 2 = (3k)2 + (4k)2
AC 2 = 9k 2 + 16k 2
AC = √25k 2
AC = ±5k

Ignoring AC = − 5k , as k is a positive number, we get

T IO S
AC = 5k

I
BC 3 BC 3 AB 4
NO A D
If tan θ = = , then sin θ = = and cosθ = =

CO N
AB 4 AC 5 AC 5
4sinθ−cosθ+1
A
Putting the values in ( ), we get
4sinθ+cosθ−1

PY
3 4 12−4+5
DO U A
4×5−5+1 13
5
( 3 4 )=( 12+4−5 )=
4×5+5−1
T 11
5
ED PR
C

Page No 11.54:
©

12 1+sin θ
Question 5: If tan θ = , find the value of .
5 1−sin θ

ANSWER:
12
Given: tan θ =
5
1+sin θ
We have to find the value of the expression .
1−sin θ
From the above figure, we have
⇒ AC = √AB2 + BC 2

⇒ = √(√2)2 + 52

⇒ = 13
12
⇒ sin 𝜃 =
13

Therefore,

T IO S
12

I
1+sin θ 1+13
=
NO A D
1−sin θ 12
1−13

CO N
A
= 25

PY
DO U A
Hence, the value of the given expression is 25.
T
ED PR

Page No 11.54:
C

1 1−cos2 θ
Question 6: If cot θ = , find the value of .
©

√3 2−sin2 θ

ANSWER:
1
Given: cot θ =
√3
1−cos2 θ
We have to find the value of the expression
2−sin2 θ

We know that,
1 + cot 2 θ = cosec 2 θ
1 2
2
⇒ cosec θ = 1 + ( )
√3
4
⇒ cosec 2 θ =
3

Using the identity sin2 𝜃 + cos2 𝜃 = 1, we have

1−cos2 θ sin2 θ
=
2−sin2 θ 2−sin2 θ
1
cosec2 θ
= 1
2−
cosec2 θ
1
=
2cosec2 θ−1
1
= 4
2×3−1

T IO S
3
=
5

I
NO A D
Hence, the value of the given expression is .
3

CO N
5
A

PY
DO U A
Page No 11.54:
T
ED PR

2 sin2 A+3 cot2 A

Question 7: If cosec A = √2, find the value of .
4(tan2 A−cos2 A)

ANSWER:
C
©

Given: cosec A = √2,

2 sin2 A+3 cot2 A
We have to find the value of the expression
4(tan2 A−cos2 A)

We know that,
cosec A = √2,
1 1
⇒ sin 𝐴 = =
cosec 𝐴 √2

1 2 1
cos 𝐴 = √1 − sin2 𝐴 = √1 − ( ) =
√2 √2
1
sin 𝐴 √2
tan 𝐴 = = 1 =1
cos 𝐴
√2
 1 1
cos 𝐴 = = =1
tan 𝐴 1

Therefore,
1 2
2 sin2 A+3 cot2 A 2( ) +3×12
√2
= 1 2
4(tan2 A−cos2 A) 4(12 −( ) )
√2

=2
Hence, the value of the given expression is 2.

T IO S I
NO A D Page No 11.54:

CO N
A
cosec2 θ+cot2 θ
Question 8: If cot θ = √3, find the value of .
cosec2 θ−sec2 θ

PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR

Given: cot θ = √3
C

cosec2 θ+cot2 θ
We have to find the value of the expression .
©

cosec2 θ−sec2 θ

We know that,
cot θ = √3 = cot 2 θ = 3
2
cosec 2 θ = 1 + cot 2 θ = 1 + (√3) = 4
1 1 1 1 4
sec 2 𝜃 = = = 1 = 1 =
cos2 𝜃 1−sin2 𝜃 1− 1−4 3
cosec2 θ

Therefore,
cosec2 θ+cot2 θ 4+3
= 4
cosec2 θ−sec2 θ 4−3

21
=
8
 21
Hence, the value of the given expression is .
8

Page No 11.54:
6 sin2 θ+tan2 θ
Question 9: If 3cosθ = 1, find the value of
4 cos θ

ANSWER:
Given: 3cosθ = 1

T IO S
6 sin2 θ+tan2 θ
We have to find the value of the expression .

I
4 cos θ

NO A D
We have,

CO N
A
3cosθ = 1

PY
DO U A
1
⇒ cos𝜃 =
T 3
ED PR

1 2 √8
sin 𝜃 = √1 − cos2 𝜃 = √1 − ( ) =
3 3
C

√8
©

sin 𝜃 3
tan 𝜃 = = 1 = √8
cos 𝜃
3

Therefore,
2
√8
6 sin2 θ+tan2 θ 6×( 3 ) +(√8)
= 1
4 cos θ 4 ×3

= 10
Hence, the value of the expression is 10.

Page No 11.54:
Question 10: If √3 tan θ = 3 sin θ, find the value of sin2θ − cos2θ.
ANSWER:
Given: √3 tan θ = 3 sin θ

We have to find the value of sin2θ − cos2θ.

√3 tan θ = 3 sin θ
sin 𝜃
⇒ √3 = 3 sin θ
cos 𝜃

√3 1

T IO S
⇒ cos 𝜃 = =
3 √3

I
NO A D
Therefore,

CO N
A
sin2 𝜃 − cos2 𝜃 = 1 − cos2 𝜃 − cos2 𝜃

PY
= 1 − 2 cos2 𝜃 (since, sin2 𝜃 + cos 2 𝜃 = 1)
DO U A
T 2
1
ED PR

=1−2×( )
√3
1
=
C

3
©

1
Hence, the value of the expression is .
3

Page No 11.54:
13 2 sin θ−3 cos θ
Question 11: If cosec θ = , find the value of .
12 4 sin θ−9 cos θ

ANSWER:
13
Given: cosec θ =
12

2 sin θ−3 cos θ

We have to find the value of the expression .
4 sin θ−9 cos θ

Now,
 13
cosec θ =
12
1 1 12
⇒ sin 𝜃 = = 13 =
cosec 𝜃 13
12

12 2 5
cos 𝜃 = √1 − sin2 𝜃 = √1 − ( ) =
13 13

Therefore,
12 5
2 sin θ−3 cos θ 2 × −3 ×
13 13
=

T IO S
12 5
4 sin θ−9 cos θ 4 ×13−9 ×13

I
NO A D =3

CO N
A
Hence, the value of the expression is 3.

PY
DO U A
T
Page No 11.54:
ED PR

Question 12: If sin θ + cos θ = √2cos (90° − θ), find cot θ.

C

ANSWER:
©

Given: sin θ + cos θ = √2cos (90° − θ)

We have to find the value of cot 𝜃.

Now,
sin θ + cos θ = √2 cos (90° − θ)
⇒ sin θ + cos θ = √2 sin θ (since, cos (90° − θ) = sin 𝜃)
⇒ cos θ = (√2 − 1) sin 𝜃
cos 𝜃
⇒ = √2 − 1
sin 𝜃

⇒ cot 𝜃 = √2 − 1
Hence, cot 𝜃 = √2 − 1

Page No 11.54:
Question 13: If 2 sin2 θ − cos2 θ = 2, then find the value of θ .
ANSWER:
It is given that,
2 sin2 θ − cos2 θ = 2 ⇒ 2 sin2 θ − 2 = cos2 θ

T IO S I
⇒ −2(1 − sin2 θ) = cos2 θ
NO A D
CO N
⇒ −2cos2 θ = cos 2 θ (1 − sin2 θ = cos2 θ)
A
⇒ 3cos2 θ = 0

PY
DO U A

⇒ cosθ = 0
T
ED PR

⇒ θ = 90°
C
©

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (VSAQs)

Page No 11.55:
Question 1: Define an identity.
ANSWER:
An identity is an equation which is true for all values of the variable (s).
For example,
(𝑥 + 3)2 = 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9
Any number of variables may involve in an identity.
An example of an identity containing two variables is
(𝑥 + 𝑦)2 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
The above are all about algebraic identities. Now, we define the
trigonometric identities.
An equation involving trigonometric ratios of an angle (say) is said to
be a trigonometric identity if it is satisfied for all valued of for which
the trigonometric ratios are defined.
For examples,

sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

T IO S
1 + tan2 θ = sec 2 θ

I
NO A D
1 + cot 2 θ = cosec 2 θ

CO N
A

PY
DO U A
Page No 11.55:
T
Question 2: What is the value of (1 − cos2 θ) cosec2 θ?
ED PR

ANSWER:
C

We have,
©

(1 − cos2 𝜃 ) cosec 2 𝜃 = sin2 𝜃 × cosec 2 𝜃

1
= sin2 𝜃 ×
sin2 𝜃

=1

Page No 11.55:
Question 3: What is the value of (1 + cot2 θ) sin2 θ?
ANSWER:
We have,
(1 − cot 2 𝜃 ) sin2 𝜃 = cosec 2 𝜃 × sin2 𝜃
1 2
=( ) × sin2 𝜃
sin 𝜃
1
= × sin2 𝜃
sin2 𝜃

=1

Page No 11.55:

T IO S
1
Question 4: What is the value of sin2 θ +

I
?
1+tan2 θ
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
We have,

PY
DO U A
1 1
sin2 θ + = sin2 θ +
T
1+tan2 θ sec2 θ
ED PR

1 2
= sin2 θ + ( )
sec θ
C

= sin2 θ + cos2 θ
©

=1

Page No 11.55:
Question 5: If sec θ + tan θ = x, write the value of sec θ − tan θ in terms
of x.
ANSWER:
Given: sec θ + tan θ = x
We know that,
sin2 𝜃 + cos2 𝜃 = 1
Therefore,
sec 2 𝜃 + tan2 𝜃 = 1
⇒ (sec θ + tan θ)(sec θ − tan θ) = 1
⇒ 𝑥 (sec θ − tan θ) = 1
1
⇒ (sec θ − tan θ) =
𝑥
1
Hence, sec 𝜃 + tan 𝜃 =
𝑥

T IO S I
NO A D Page No 11.55:

CO N
Question 6: If cosec θ − cot θ = α, write the value of cosec θ + cot α.
A

PY
ANSWER:
DO U A

Given: cosec θ − cot θ = α

T
ED PR

We know that, cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = 1

C

Therefore,
©

cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = 1
⇒ (cosec θ − cot θ)(cosec θ − cot θ) = 1
⇒ (cosec θ − cot θ)𝛼 = 1
1
⇒ (cosec θ − cot θ) =
𝛼
1
Hence, cosec θ − cot θ =
𝛼

Page No 11.55:
Question 7: Write the value of cosec2 (90° − θ) − tan2 θ.
ANSWER:
We have,
cosec 2 (90° − 𝜃 ) − tan2 𝜃 = {cosec(90° − 𝜃 ) − tan 𝜃 }
= (sec 𝜃 )2 − tan2 𝜃
= sec 2 𝜃 − tan2 𝜃
We know that, sec 2 𝜃 − tan2 𝜃 = 1
Therefore, cosec 2 (90° − 𝜃 ) − tan2 𝜃 = 1

T IO S I
Page No 11.55:
NO A D
CO N
Question 8: Write the value of sin A cos (90° − A) + cos A sin (90° − A).
A
ANSWER:

PY
DO U A

We have,
T
ED PR

sin A cos (90° − A) + cos A sin (90° − A) = sin 𝐴 sin 𝐴 + cos 𝐴 cos 𝐴
= sin2 𝐴 + cos2 𝐴
C
©

We know that, sin2 𝐴 + cos2 𝐴 = 1

Therefore, sinA cos(90° − A) + cosA sin(90° − A) = 1

Page No 11.55:
1
Question 9: Write the value of cot 2 θ − .
sin2 θ

ANSWER:
We have,
1 1 2
cot 2 θ − = cot 2 θ − ( )
sin2 θ sin θ

= cot 2 θ − (cosec θ)2

 = cot 2 θ − cosec 2 θ
We know that, cot 2 θ − cosec 2 θ = −1
1
Therefore, cot 2 θ − = −1
sin2 θ

Page No 11.55:
Question 10: If x = a sin θ and y = b cos θ, what is the value
of b2x2 + a2y2?

T IO S I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
Given:
A
x = a sin θ and y = b cos θ

PY
DO U A

So,
T
ED PR

𝑏 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑦 2 = 𝑏 2 (𝑎 sinθ)2 + 𝑎2 (𝑏 cosθ)2
C

= 𝑎2 𝑏 2 sin2 θ + 𝑎2 𝑏 2 cos 2 θ
©

= 𝑎2 𝑏 2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)
We know that, sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
Therefore, 𝑏 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 𝑏 2

Page No 11.55:
4
Question 11: If sin θ = , what is the value of cot θ + cosec θ?
5

ANSWER:
4
Given: sin θ =
5

We know that,
sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
4 2
⇒ ( ) + cos2 θ = 1
5
16
⇒ + cos2 θ = 1
25
16
⇒ cos2 θ = 1 −
25
9
⇒ cos2 θ =
25

T IO S
3
⇒ cos θ =

I
5

NO A D
We have,

CO N
A
cosθ 1
cot θ + cosec θ = +

PY
sin θ sin θ
DO U A
3
(5)
T 1
= +
ED PR

4 4
(5) (5)

3 5
= +
C

4 4
©

=2
Hence, the value of cot θ + cosec θ is 2.

Page No 11.55:
Question 12: What is the value of 9 cot2 θ – 9 cosec2 θ?
ANSWER:
We have,
9 cot2 θ – 9 cosec2 θ = 9 (cot2 θ – 9 cosec2 θ)
= – 9 (cosec2 θ – cot2 θ)
We know that, cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = 1
Therefore, 9cot 2 θ − 9cosec 2 θ = −9

Page No 11.55:
6
Question 13: What is the value of 6 tan2 θ − .
cos2 θ

ANSWER:
We have,

T IO S
6
6 tan2 θ − = 6 tan2 θ − 6 sec 2 θ
cos2 θ

I
NO A D = −6(sec 2 θ − tan2 θ)

CO N
A
We know that, sec 2 θ − tan2 θ = 1

PY
DO U A
6
Therefore, 6 tan2 θ − = −6
cos2 θ
T
ED PR

Page No 11.55:
C

tan2 θ−sec2 θ
©

Question 14: What is the value of .

cot2 θ−cosec2 θ

ANSWER:
We have,
tan2 θ−sec2 θ −1(sec2 θ− tan2 θ)
=
cot2 θ−cosec2 θ −1(cosec2 θ−cot2 θ)

sec2 θ− tan2 θ
=
cosec2 θ−cot2 θ

We know that,
sec 2 θ − tan2 θ = 1,
cosec 2 θ − cot 2 θ = 1
Therefore,
 tan2 θ−sec2 θ 1
=
cot2 θ−cosec2 θ 1

=1

Page No 11.55:
Question 15: What is the value of (1 + tan2 θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ)?
ANSWER:

T IO S
We have,

I
(1 + tan2 θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ) = (1 + tan2 θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ)
NO A D
CO N
= (1 + tan2 θ) (1 – sin2 θ)
A

PY
We know that,
DO U A
T
sec 2 θ − tan2 θ = 1,
ED PR

⇒ sec 2 θ = 1 + tan2 θ
sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
C
©

⇒ cos2 θ = 1 − sin2 θ
Therefore,
(1 + tan2 θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ) = sec 2 θ × cos2 θ
1
= × cos2 θ
cos2 θ

=1

Page No 11.55:
7
Question 16: If cos A= , find the value of tan A + cot A.
25

ANSWER:
 7
Given: cos A=
25

We know that,
sin2 A + cos2 A = 1
2 7 2
⇒ sin A + ( ) = 1
25
49
⇒ sin2 A + =1
625

T IO S
49
⇒ sin2 A = 1 −
625

I
576
NO A D
⇒ sin2 A =

CO N
625
A
24
⇒ sin 𝐴 =

PY
25
DO U A

Therefore,
T
ED PR

sin 𝐴 cos 𝐴
tan 𝐴 + cot 𝐴 = +
cos 𝐴 sin 𝐴
24 7
C

(25) (25)
= +
©

7 24
(25) (25)

24 7
= +
7 24
(24)2 +(7)2
=
168
576+49
=
168
625
=
168

Page No 11.55:
1
Question 17: If sin θ = , then find the value of 2cot2 θ + 2.
3
ANSWER:
Given:
1
sin θ =
3
1
⇒ =3
sin θ

⇒ cosec θ = 3
We know that,

T IO S
cosec 2 θ − cot 2 θ = 1

I
NO A D
⇒ (3)2 − cot 2 θ = 1

CO N
A
⇒ cot 2 θ = 9 − 1

PY
DO U A
⇒ cot 2 θ = 8
T
ED PR

Therefore,
2cot 2 θ + 2 = 2 × 8 + 2
C

= 16 + 2
©

= 18

Page No 11.55:
3
Question 18: If cos θ = , then find the value of 9tan2 θ + 9.
4

ANSWER:
Given:
3
cos θ =
4
1 4
⇒ =
cos θ 3
 4
⇒ sec 𝜃 =
3

We know that,
sec 2 θ + tan2 θ = 1
4 2
⇒ ( ) + tan2 θ = 1
3
16
⇒ tan2 θ = −1
9

T IO S
7
⇒ tan2 θ =
9

I
NO A D
Therefore,

CO N
A
7
9tan2 θ + 9 = 9 × + 9
9

PY
DO U A
=7+9
T
ED PR

= 16
C

Page No 11.55:
©

Question 19: If sec2 θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ) = k, then find the value of k.

ANSWER:
Given:
sec2 θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ) = k
⇒ sec2 θ {(1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ)} = k
⇒ sec2 θ {(1 + sin2 θ)} = k
1
⇒ × cos2 𝜃 = 𝑘
cos2 𝜃

⇒ 1=k
⇒ 𝑘=1
Hence, the value of k is 1.

Page No 11.55:
Question 20: If cosec2 θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ) = λ, then find the value of
λ.
ANSWER:
Given:

T IO S
cosec2 θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ) = λ

I
NO A D
⇒ cosec2 θ {(1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ)} = λ

CO N
A
⇒ cosec2 θ {(1 + cos2 θ)} = λ

PY
DO U A
⇒ cosec 2 𝜃 sin2 𝜃 = λ
T
1
ED PR

⇒ × sin2 𝜃 = λ
sin2 𝜃

⇒ 1=λ
C
©

⇒ λ=1
Thus, the value of λ is 1.

Page No 11.55:
Question 21: If sin2 θ cos2 θ (1 + tan2 θ) (1 + cot2 θ) = λ, then find the
value of λ.
ANSWER:
Given:
sin2 𝜃 cos2 𝜃 (1 + tan2 𝜃 )(1 + cot 2 𝜃 ) = λ
⇒ sin2 𝜃 cos2 𝜃 sec 2 𝜃 cosec 2 𝜃 = λ
⇒ (sin2 𝜃 cosec 2 𝜃 ) × (cos 2 𝜃 sec 2 𝜃 ) = λ
1 1
⇒ (sin2 𝜃 × ) (cos2 𝜃 × )=λ
sin2 𝜃 cos2 𝜃
⇒𝜆 =1×1=1
Hence, the value of λ is 1.

Page No 11.55:

T IO S
5 1
Question 22: If 5x = sec θ and = tan θ, find the value of 5 (𝑥 2 − ).
𝑥 𝑥2

I
NO A D
ANSWER:

CO N
A
Given:

PY
5
DO U A
5x = sec θ and = tan θ
𝑥
T
ED PR

5
⇒ sec θ = 5x and tan θ =
𝑥

We know that,
C
©

sec 2 𝜃 − tan2 𝜃 = 1
5 2
⇒ (5𝑥 )2 − ( ) = 1
𝑥
25
⇒ 25𝑥 2 − =1
𝑥2
1
⇒ 25 (𝑥 2 − )=1
𝑥2
1
⇒ 5 × 5 × (𝑥 2 − )=1
𝑥2
1 1
⇒ 5 (𝑥 2 − )=
𝑥2 5
 Page No 11.55:
2
Question 23: If cosec θ = 2x and cot θ = , find the value of
𝑥
1
2 (𝑥 2 − ).
𝑥2

ANSWER:
Given:
2
cosec θ = 2x and cot θ =

T IO S
𝑥

I
We know that,
NO A D
CO N
cosec 2 𝜃 − cot 2 𝜃 = 1
A
2 2
⇒ (2𝑥 )2 − ( ) = 1

PY
DO U A
𝑥
T 4
⇒ 4𝑥 2 − =1
ED PR

𝑥2
1
⇒ 4 (𝑥 2 − )=1
𝑥2
C
©

1
⇒ 2 × 2 × (𝑥 2 − )=1
𝑥2
1 1
⇒ 2 (𝑥 2 − )=
𝑥2 2

Page No 11.56:
Question 24: Write True' or False' and justify your answer in each of the
following :
1
(i) The value of sin θ is 𝑥 + , where 'x' is a positive real number .
𝑥
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
(ii) cos θ = , where a and b are two distinct numbers such
2𝑎𝑏
that ab > 0.
(iii) The value of cos 2 23 − sin2 67 is positive .

(iv) The value of the expression sin 80∘ − cos 80° is negative .

(v) The value of sin θ + cos θ is always greater than 1 .

ANSWER:
(i)
1
sinθ = 𝑥 +

T IO S
𝑥
1

I
⇒ −1 ≤ 𝑥 + ≤ 1
NO A D 𝑥

CO N
1
A
⇒𝑥+ ≤1
𝑥

PY
⇒ 𝑥2 + 1 ≤ 𝑥
DO U A
T
⇒ 𝑥2 + 1 − 𝑥 ≤ 0
ED PR

Take 𝑥 = 1,
C

⇒1+1−1≤0
©

⇒1≤0
Which is false, so x is not always a positive real number.
The given statement is false.

(ii)
It is given that,
𝑎2 + 𝑏2
cos θ =
2𝑎𝑏

Since, (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 2𝑎𝑏 > 0

[∵(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 > 0, a and b are distant numbers]
⇒ 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 > 2𝑎𝑏
 𝑎2 + 𝑏2
⇒ >1
2𝑎𝑏

⇒ cos𝜃 > 1
But, −1 ≤ cosθ ≤ 1
Therefore, the given statement is false.

(iii)
cos2 23° − sin2 67°

T IO S
= sin2 (90° − 23°) − sin2 67°

I
NO A D
= sin2 67° − sin2 67°

CO N
A
=0

PY
DO U A
Which is not positive, the given statement is false?
T
ED PR

(iv) Consider the table.

C

θ 0º 30º 45º 60º 90º

©

1 1 √3
sin θ 0 1
2 √2 2

√3 1 1
cos θ 1 0
2 √2 2

Here,
√3 1
sin60° − cos60° = − >0
2 2

sin90° − cos90° = 1 − 0 > 0

So, sin80° − cos80° > 0 (sinθ − cosθ ≥ 0 ∀45° ≤ θ ≤ 90°)
Therefore, the given statement is false.
(v)
Consider the table.
θ 0º 30º 45º 60º 90º
1 1 √3
sin θ 0 1
2 √2 2

√3 1 1
cos θ 1 0
2 √2 2

Here,

T IO S
sin90° + cos90° = 1 + 0 = 1, which is not greater than 1

I
NO A D
Therefore, the given statement is false.

CO N
A

PY
Page No 11.56:
DO U A
T
Question 25: What is the value of cos2 67° – sin2 23°?
ED PR

ANSWER:
cos2 67° − sin2 23°
C
©

= cos2 67° − sin2 (90° − 67°)

= cos2 67° − cos2 (67°) (∵ sin2 (90 − θ) = cos 2 θ)
=0