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 ifty E-Z Guide 0
O-STAR Operatio

O-ST AR
R pe I r

Em II

Fi
Nifty E-Z Guide to
D-STAR Operation

Second Edition

By Bernie Lafreniere, N6FN

Another guide in the

Nifty! Ham Accessories
Easy Guide Series

(; 0
I Ham Accessories
www.niftvaccessories.com
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 / 2010 by N ifty Ham Accessories / Bernard
Lafreniere - N6FN . All rights reserved, no part of this book or
portions thereof may be reproduced in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by
any other means , without permission in writing from the publisher.

Disclaimer and Limitation of Liability

While every effort has been made to make this publication as accurate
as possible, N ifty! Ham Accessories and the author assume no
liability for the contents regarding safety or damage to equipment,
and do not guarantee the accuracy herein .

The Second Edition

The second edition, released early in 2010, updated the first edition to
stay current with new D-STAR products and software upgrades:
• Added exp lanations and programming instructions for the newly
released IC-80AD and ID-880AH Icom transceivers.
• Updated a number ofD-STAR web page URLs and illustrations,
which had changed since the first edition was written.
• Updated the D*RATS versions 0.2.x explanations and figures to
be compatible with the entirely new 0.3.1 product release.
• Updated the Dongle DV Tool version 1.05 explanations and
figures to be compatible with the all-new 2.0x product release.
Contents

About This Guide 1

Spec ial Thanks To 2

Chapter 1: D-STAR 3
History 3
D-ST AR Overview 4
D-STAR' s Bits and Byte s 8
Repeater System Configuration 9
Programming D-STAR Call Sign Par ameter s 12
Using D-STAR Gateways 13
Operating Simplex 14
Local /Same Repeater Operation 15
Local Cross-band Repeater Operation 16
Repeater ode Routing 17
Call Sign Routing 19
Doubling using Repeater Node or Call Sign Routing 21
Setting the UrCall field back to CQCQCQ 22
One-touch Repl y 23
Aut omatic Call Sign Update Prevention 25
Multicast Groups 25
Identify Where You Are Calling From and Wait 27
Limiting Position Beaconing and Data Mode Operation 28

Chapter 2: Dplus Gateway Operation 29

Dplus Gateway Linking 30
Establishing a Dplus Gateway Link.. 31
Dplu s Reflector Linking 32
Establishing a Reflector Link 36
Loca l Simulcast 37
Echo Audio Quality Te sting 38
Checking Repeater Link / ID Status 39

Chapter 3: Gateway User Registration 41

Getting Registered 41
Page iii
Chapter 4: Setting Up Call Sign Memories 45
Cal l Sign Memories 45
Viewing and Editing the Call Sign Routing Regi ster .46
Cop ying from UrCall, Repeater and MyCall Memory Banks .48
Programming UrCall, Repeater and MyCali Mem ory Banks 51
Programming Your Own Call Sign 57
Recalling Call Sign Field s from a Frequency Mem ory 58
Organizing D-STAR Repeater Calling Modes in Memory 58
Received Call History 61
Examining Ca lls in the Received Call Memory 61
Copying Calls from the Received Call Memory 64

Chapter 5: DV Short Text Messaging 67

Programming DV Short Messages 67
Review ing Received Short Messages 71

Chapter 6: Internet Resources 73

D-STAR Routing and Linking Calculator 73
Operating the D-STAR Calculator Program 73
jFindu Repeater Locator and Last Heard Lists 77
D-STA R Users.org Last Heard List.. 80
NJ6N 's Gateway Usage Mo nitor 82

Chapter 7: Radio Programming Software 85

Icom 's Programming Software 85
RT System 's Programming Software 86
Icoms RS-91 and RS-92 Programming Software 86
D-ST A R Operation Using the RS-92 Software 89

Chapter 8: DV Mode Slow-speed Data 93

D-STAR Oriented Data Communication Software 94
Radio / PC Configuration for Low -speed data Operation 95
Configuring Serial Port s 95
Automatic / PTT Data Transmission Selection 96
Disabling GPS Mode Transmission 98
d*Chat Application Installation and Setup 99
d*Chat Program Operation 102
D-RA TS Application Installation 104
Setting up the D-RA TS Program 104
Pageiv
 Configuring D-RATS Preferences 105
Use the Ratflector for D-RATS Experimentation 109
Configuring Radios for D-RATS Operation 110
D-RATS Chat Operation II I
Co nfiguring and Send ing D-RATS QST Broadcasts 113
Excha ng ing eMa il and Forms I 14
Tra nsfe rring Files w ith D-RATS 115
File Transfer Problem s 116
Other D- RATS Capabi Iities I 17

Chapter 9: DV Dongle, D-STAR Adapter 119

Computer System Requirements 120
Insta lling the DV Dongle Software on Your Computer 120
Se lecting the DV Tool COM port and Audio Devices 121
Setti ng the Headset and Microphone Audio Levels 123
DV Don gle Operation 124
Gateway Information Tab 126
Recently Heard Station 's History Tab 126
Connecting to Repeaters Linked to a Reflector 127
Receiving and Transmitting Data 127
Using D-RATS for Transmitting and Receiving Data 128
Dongle LED Status Indicators 129
Install ation Problems 130

Appendix A: D-STAR Web Pages 131

Appendix B: Error Code Listings 133

Appendix C: leom Radio Setup Guides 134

Page v
Page vi
About This Guide
Using easy to understand language and illustrations, this guide
describes how the D-STAR system operates and provides guidance
for setting up your transceiver to be able to access D-STAR ' s many
features and modes of operation. We will go light on theory,
concentrating instead on the practical issues of getting things
programmed and making voice and digital data contacts .

D-STAR is an evolving technology. Thanks to improvements made

by leom and the effort of many hams creating and maintaining
programs such as Dplus, d*Chat, and D-RATS, D-STAR's
communication capabilities are far improved from several years ago .
The creation of the DV Dongle, which enables worldwide
communication without using a radio , has added a whole new
dimension to D-STAR operations.

In late 2009 , when the Second Edition was created, the software
running on most gateways was leom 's G2 program supplemented by
Dplus version 2.2. No doubt, future enhancements will continue to
provide more exciting new communication capabilities.

Lets get started!

Page 1
Special Thanks To
We wish to thank all those that helped in the creation of this book.
Spec ial thanks to leom who materially supported the project with
technical help and generously allowed us to use the graphics from
various leom pub lications. Ray Novak, N9JA, Icom 's Amateur
Rad io Division Manager was especially helpful in providing contacts
that were of assistance in completing the project. Fred Varian,
WD5ERD, with Icom Technical Support not only answered my many
questions, but also reviewed a draft copy of this book .

We are also indebted to Cecil Casillas, WD6FZA, administrator and

champion of the Southern California PAPA repeater system who
supported the project by answering my questions and allowing me
access to their excellent system of DSTAR repeaters. Without their
support I would have been unable to perform the testing and
experimentation necessary to verify many of the DSTAR features and
procedures presented in this book .

Several other PAPA system members were also supportive of my

efforts. Allen Klisky, KB60YA answered questions and helped me
run tests using digital mode operation with the d*Chat and D-RA TS
programs. Ted Petrina, W6SA T and Craig Davis, KM6AW both took
of their va luable time to review draft copies of the book, providing
me with corrections and suggestions.

Dan Smith , KK7DS, author of the D-RATS program materially aided

my efforts by reviewing and providing suggestions for the expanded
D-RATS Version 0.3.2 explanations in the Second Edition.

Page 2
Chapter 1: D·STAR
Hams have a long history of applying digital technology to amateur
radio communications. Starting with RTTY, a success ion of other
digital modes has ensued : Packet Radio, PSK , PACTOR and many
others. D-ST AR is the latest and perhaps most comprehensive effort
to date , offering reliable digital voice and data communication all
over the world.

History
After three years of research, the D-STAR protocol was published by
the JARL (Japanese Amateur Relay League) in 2001. The research to
investigate digital technologies for use in amateur radio was funded
by the Japanese government and undertaken by a committee of
Japanese radio manufacturers and interested observers . leom, the
primary promoter of this new technology, provided the equipment
used for the development and testing phase of the program .

At first, adoption of the technology outside of Japan was relatively

slow. However, in the last several years D-STAR repeater systems
have started coming into their own. With the increasing availability
of D-STAR repeater systems and gateways, the numbers of hams
using these systems is showing dramatic growth .

D-STAR repeaters and gateways are now available in many areas of

the United States, Europe, Canada, South America and Australia.
Repeaters linked to Internet Gateways provide voice and data
communications all over the world.

To encourage equipment suppliers to adopt the technology, JARL

published the D-STAR protocol as an "open" specification that details
the over-the-air interface and repeater/gateway transport requirements
for interoperability of D-STAR equipment. To date, leom is the only
manufacturer of D-STAR capable repeater systems and radios. As
the technology becomes more widely adopted, other manufacturers
may chose to offer equipment as well.

Page 3
D-STAR Overview
D-STAR (Digital Smart Technologies for Amateur Radio) offers
digital voice and slow and high-speed data communications . Slow-
speed digital voice and data is transported at 4800 bps, with 3600 bps
being used for voice and voice error correction, the remaining 1200
bps is used for synchronization and general use . Of this 1200 bps ,
about 900 bps is available for transporting data . High-speed digital
data communication is transported at 128 kbps , supports Ethernet
packets, and is fast enough for interactive Internet applications.

By connecting repeater sites over the Internet, forming a world-wide

radio network, the D-ST AR system provides state-of-the-art
functionality to amateur radio repeater systems.

O-STAR
Repealer

In D-STAR , voice communication is referred to as DV mode (digital

voice) operation. Voice is converted to a digital format using an
electronic chip called a CODEC, which encodes and decodes audio
signals in the AMBE (Advanced Multi-Band Excitation) format.

To the critical ear the audio quality of a D-STAR voice signal may
sound slightly inferior to a high quality FM signal , but is more than
adequate for intelligible voice communications.

The nice thing about digital voice operation is that the quality of the
signal remains crystal clear until it is lost . As long as the signal

Page 4
remains above a rrummum threshold, it can be decoded without
degradation and will remain clear without the path noise or " picket
fencing" weak signal artifacts common on traditional FM mode
communications. If the signal falls below the level required for
decoding, communication will drop out or become garbled, sounding
a bit like the R2D2 Star Wars character.

At first , operating D-STAR is a bit unnerving. After years of using

conventional FM repeaters, its strange not to hear a squelch tail after
releasing PTT. D-STAR repeaters drop the carrier almost
immediately upon releasing PTT on the transceiver; consequently the
momentary squelch tail hiss that we are accustomed to is not there.
Being conditioned to delay transmission until after you hear a
courtesy beep and then operating on a repeater without a beep can
throw you off. Even though D-STAR repeaters don 't broadcast
courtesy beeps, it's still important to pause before replying, as it gives
other stations a chance to break in. Not to worry though, after using
D-STAR a bit that strange feeling soon goes awa y, being replace by
the thrill of using this new mode of communication . .

Interestingly, in DV mode , slow- speed 1200 bps digital data can be

transmitted at the same time, and on the same frequency while you
are engaged in a voice conversation. Since both voice and data are
being handled digitally, they can be transmitted together on the same
signal without any interference to your voice conversation.

Don 't be misled by the term slow-speed, 1200 bps DV mode data is
more than capable of keeping up with typing on a keyboard and for
transmitting short messages and small amounts of data. Subtracting
out header and message blocking overhead, DV mode data has about
900 bps available for general use and is much faster than PSK31 , but
slower than 9600 bps packet operation. Like packet, DV mode data is
unsuitable for sending large files or "surfing the web ."

In addition to the slow-speed DV data that can be transmitted

simultaneously with your voice on the 144, 440 MHz and 1.2 GHz
bands, D-STAR supports a high-speed digital data rate of 128k bps on
the 1.2 GHz band. Due to packet overhead and other factors, actual
throughput is closer to 90k bps. Referred to as DO mode (digital
data) , this high-speed data capability is unique in amateur radio

Page 5
because it is fast enough to support exchanging large files, pictures
and for user-interactive Internet e-mail and web browser applications.

Images

t
Connecting your PC, laptop or PDA is simply a matter of connecting
a cable to the radio, no external TNCs or other devices are required.
For slow-speed data, depending upon the radio , either an RS-232
serial or USB cable is used. High-speed data connections are made
using a standard Ethernet cable. Low-speed data capabilities are built
into all VHF / UHF D-ST AR transceivers currently being supplied by
leom. High-speed data is limited to radios with 1.2 GHz capabilities.

For emergency communications, one of the advantages of D-STAR's

digital data capabilities is that messages can be locally transported
independent of the Internet when the "lines are down" .

But wait , there is more! A single repeater or a group of repeaters can

be connected to the Internet via a device called a gateway and are
referred to as a "Zone." Gateways use the Internet to connect to other
D-STAR gateways and reflectors anywhere in the world. This allows
you to communicate to hams located in areas far removed from your
local repeater, somewhat similar to IRLP operation but with an
interesting added capability. Whenever you key-up, your call sign is
automatically transmitted via the digital transport mechanism built
into the radio. When the gateway routes your,call, it also stores your
call sign locally and provides it to the Internet connected Trust
Server. In this way the D-STAR system keeps track of which
repeater you were last heard on.

Page 6
 D-STAR Zone Reflector D-STARZone
= Server

D·STARZone
T=

Trust Reflector
Server Server

By entering the call sign of whom you want to contact into your
radio , you can make a directed call to that specific ham. The
technique is referred to as Call Sign Routing and unlike IRLP , you
don't need to know which repeater he is on. Periodically all gateways
synchronize their local data with data located on the Trust Server.
The gateway system uses that data to figure out which repeater your
friend was last heard on and automatically routes your call to that
repeater. Call Sign Routing can be thought of as being similar to how
a cell phone operates. As you travel around, the cell system " knows"
where you are at and directs incoming calls to the cell tower nearest
to your location . D-STAR works much the same way .

With Call Sign Routing, after entering the call sign of the person you
are trying to reach , the D-ST AR system can automatically route your
call to other repeaters, even if they are on a different band or in a
different city. As a result, no matter which repeater your friend might
have switched to, your call will be routed to where he was last heard .
This solves the problem of having to make calls on all the repeaters
that your friend might frequent.

Page 7
D-STAR's Bits and Bytes
D-STAR DV mode (slow-speed digital and voice) transceivers
produce an RF signal that is quite different than those produced by
conventiona l FM transceivers. The voice portion of the output signal
is not FM modu lated; aud io is directly converted to a digital data
stream using a AMBE (Audio Multi Band Encoder) codec ch ip, in
turn the AMBE voice data is combined with other digital data to form
a sim ultaneous composite voice and digital data stream, which is then
transmitted as a GMSK modulated signal.

Within the D-ST AR specification, the exact format of this composite

digital stream is defined as the Common Air Interfac e, or CAl
protocol and is made up of a Radio Header followed by the data
payload. The Radio Header consists of a series of synchronizing and
control bits followed by four call signs used to route the signal to its
intended destination . The data payload portion consists of alternating
Frames of Voice and Data information: a frame of 72 bits of voice
followed by a frame of 24 bits of data , a pattern which continuously
repeats until followed by a unique termination frame of 48 bits. This
pattern of alternating digital voice and data frames occurs regardless
if there is voice and no data , or if there is data and no voice. Space in
the payload is always reserved for the voice and data frames
regardless of whether they are used or not.

For those interested in the detailed structure of the Common Air

Interface protocol and other technical details of the D-STAR over-
the-air protocol, an English copy of the JARL specification can be
downloaded from www.jarl.com/d-star/shogen.pdf

A more comprehensive look at the D-ST AR over-the-air protocol is

provided by Peter Loveall, AE5 PL in his excellent paper titled D-
STAR Uncovered. Th is paper provides additional insig ht and
information beyond wha t is in the JARL specification, including a
summary ofIcom's enhancements to the base specification .
http://www.aprs-is.netldownloadsIDStarIDSTARUncovered.pdf

Page 8
Other documents randomly have
different content
And the poor commonalty and the woeful burgesses waited ever for the
valiant and trusty chief that would lead them to battle for freedom.

And they said among themselves: “Where are the illustrious signatories to
the Compromise, all united, so they said, for the good of the country? Why
did these two-faced men make such a ‘holy alliance,’ if they were to break
it at once? Why meet together with so much commotion, rouse the king’s
wrath, to dissolve like cowards and traitors after? Five hundred as they
were, great lords and low lords banded like brothers, they saved us from the
fury of Spain; but they sacrificed the welfare of the land of Belgium to their
own profit, even as did d’Egmont and de Hoorn.

“Alas!” said they, “see Don Juan come now, handsome and ambitious, the
enemy of Philip, but more the enemy of his country. He is coming for the
Pope and for himself. Nobles and clergy are traitors.”

And they began a semblance of war. Upon the walls along the main streets
and the little streets of Ghent and Brussels, nay even upon the masts of the
Beggars’ ships, were then to be seen posted up the names of traitors, army
chiefs, and commanders of fortresses: the names of the Count of
Liederkerke, who did not defend his castle against Don Juan; of the provost
of Liége, who would have sold the city to Don Juan; of Messieurs
d’Aerschot, de Mansfeldt, de Berlaymont, de Rassenghien; the name, of the
Council of State, of Georges de Lalaing, governor of Frisia, that of the army
leader the seigneur de Rossignol, an emissary of Don Juan, the go-between
for murder between Philip and Jaureguy, the clumsy assassin of the Prince
of Orange; the name of the Archbishop of Cambrai, who would have given
the Spaniards entry into the town; the names of the Jesuits of Antwerp,
offering three casks of gold to the States—that was two million florins—not
to demolish the castle and to hold it for Don Juan; of the Bishop of Liége;
of Roman preachers defaming and abusing the patriots; of the Bishop of
Utrecht, whom the citizens sent elsewhere to pasture on the grass of
treachery; the orders of begging friars, which intrigued and plotted at Ghent
in favour of Don Juan. The folk of Bois-le-Duc nailed on the pillory the
name of Peter the Carmelite, who helped by their bishop and his clergy,
undertook to hand over the town to Don Juan.
At Douai they did not indeed hang the rector of the university in effigy, a
man no less Spaniardized; but upon the ships of the Beggars were seen on
the breast of mannikins hanging by their necks the names of monks, abbots,
and prelates, of eighteen hundred rich women and girls of the nunnery of
Malines who with their money sustained, gilded, and beplumed the
country’s butchers.

And on these mannikins, the pillories of traitors, were to be read the names
of the Marquis d’Harrault, the commander of the fortress of Philippeville,
wasting and squandering munitions of war and food uselessly in order to
give up the place to the enemy under pretence of a lack of provisions; the
name of Belver, who surrendered Lembourg, when the town might have
held out another eight months; that of the President of the Council of
Flanders; of the magistrate of Bruges, of the magistrate of Malines, holding
their towns for Don Juan, of the members of the Exchequer Council of
Guelderland, closed by reason of treachery; of those of the Council of
Brabant, of the Chancellery of the Duchy; of the Privy Council and the
Council of Finance; of the Grand Bailiff and the Burgomaster of Menin;
and of the ill neighbours of Artois, who gave passage without let to two
thousand Frenchmen bent upon pillage.

“Alas!” said the city folk among themselves, “here is the Duke of Anjou
with a footing in our country: he would fain be king among us; did ye
behold him entering into Mons, a little man, with fat hips, big nose, a
yellow phiz, a fleering mouth? ’Tis a great prince, loving loves out of the
common; he is called, that he may have in his name woman’s grace and
man’s force, Monseigneur monsieur Sa Grande Altesse d’Anjou.”

Ulenspiegel was pensive. And he sang:

“Blue are the skies, the clear bright skies;

Cover the banners all in crêpe,
With crêpe the handle of the sword;
Hide every gem;
Turn the mirrors over;
I sing the song of Death,
 The traitors’ song.

“They have set foot upon the belly

And on the bosom of the proud lands
Of Brabant, Flanders, Hainault,
Antwerp, Artois, Luxembourg.
Nobles and clergy are traitors;
The bait of reward allures them.
I sing the traitors’ song.

“When the foe sacks everywhere,

When the Spaniard enters Antwerp,
Abbés, prelates, and army chiefs
Go through the streets of the town,
Clad in silk, bedecked with gold,
Their faces shining with good wine,
Displaying thus their infamy.

“And through them, the Inquisition

Will wake again in high triumph,
And new Titelmans
Will arrest the deaf and dumb
For heresy.
I sing the traitors’ song.

“Signatories to the Compromise.

Coward signatories,
Be your names all accursed!
Where are ye in the hour of war?
Ye march like corbies
In the Spaniards’ train.
Beat upon the drum of woe.

“Land of Belgium, future years

Will condemn thee for that thou,
All in arms, didst let thyself be pillaged.
Future, hasten not;
See the traitors labouring:
There are twenty, a thousand,
Filling every post,
The great give them to the little.

“They have plotted and agreed

That they might fetter all defence,
With discord and sloth,
Their treacherous devices.
Cover the mirrors with crêpe
And the hilts of the swords.
’Tis the traitors’ song.

“They declare rebels

All Spaniards and malcontents;
Forbid to help them
With bread or shelter,
With lead or powder.
If any are taken to be hanged,
To be hanged,
They release them at once.

“‘Up!’ say the men of Brussels,

‘Up!’ say the men of Ghent
And the Belgian commons,
Poor men, they mean to crush you
Between the king
And the Pope who launches
The crusade against Flanders.

“They come, the hirelings,

At the smell of blood;
Bands of dogs,
Of serpents and hyænas.
They hunger, they are athirst.
Poor land of our sires,
Ripe for ruin and death.

“’Tis not Don Juan

That makes ready the task
For Farnèse, the Pope’s minion.
But those thou didst load
With gold and distinctions,
Who confessed thy women
Thy girls and thy children!

“They have flung thee to ground

And the Spaniard holds
The knife at thy throat;
They jeer at thee,
Feasting at Brussels
The coming of Orange.

“When on the canal were seen

So many fireworks
Exploding their joy,
So many triumphing boats,
Paintings, tapestries,
They were playing, O Belgium,
The old tale of Joseph
Sold by his brothers.”
 III

Seeing that he was allowed to say what he pleased, the monk lifted up his
nose on board the ship; and the sailors and soldiers, to make him the more
ready and eager to preach, slandered Madame the Virgin, Messieurs the
Saints, and the pious practices of the Holy Roman Church.

Then, becoming enraged, he vomited out a flood of abuse against them.

“Aye!” he cried, “aye, here am I then in the den of the Beggars! Yea, these
are indeed those accursed devourers of the land! Yea. And they say that the
Inquisitor, that holy man, has burned too many of them! Nay: there is still
some of the filthy vermin left. Aye, on these goodly and gallant ships of our
Lord the King, once so clean and well scoured, now can be seen the vermin
of the Beggars, aye, the stinking vermin. Aye, they are vermin, foul,
stinking, infamous vermin, the singing captain, the cook with his belly
filled with impiety, and all of them with their blasphemous crescents. When
the king will have his ships scoured with the suds of artillery, it will need
more than a hundred thousand florins’ worth of powder and cannon shot to
clear away this filthy, beastly stinking infection. Aye, ye were all born in
Madame Lucifer’s alcove, condemned to dwell with Satanas between walls
of vermin, under curtains of vermin, on mattresses of vermin. Yea, and there
it was that in their infamous loves they begat and conceived the Beggars.
Aye, and I spit upon you.”

At this word the Beggars said to him:

“Why do we keep here this idle rascal, who is good for nothing but to spew
up insults? Let us hang him rather.”

And they set about doing it.

The monk, seeing the rope ready, the ladder propped against the mast, and
that they were about to bind his hands, said woefully:
“Have pity upon me, Messieurs the Beggars, it is the demon of anger that
speaks in my heart and not your humble captive, a poor monk that hath but
one only neck in this world: gracious lords, have mercy: shut my mouth if
ye will with a choke-pear; ’tis a bitter fruit, but hang me not.”

But they, without giving heed, and despite his furious struggles, were
dragging him towards the ladder. He cried then so shrill and loud that
Lamme said to Ulenspiegel, who was with him and tending him in the
cook’s galley:

“My son! my son! they have stolen a pig from the stable, and they are
making off. Oh, the robbers! if I could but rise!”

Ulenspiegel went up and saw nothing but the monk. And he, catching sight
of Ulenspiegel, fell upon his knees, with his hands outstretched to him.

“Messire Captain,” said he, “captain of the valiant Beggars, redoubtable on

land and on sea, your soldiers are fain to hang me because I have
transgressed with my tongue: ’tis an unjust punishment, Messire Captain,
for so must all advocates, procurators, preachers, and women, be given a
hempen collar, and the world would be unpeopled; Messire, save me from
the rope. I shall pray for you; you will never be damned: grant me pardon.
The devil of prating carried me away and made me speak without ceasing:
’tis a mighty misfortune. My poor bile soured then and made me say a
thousand things I never think. Grace, Messire Captain, and you, Messieurs,
intercede for me.”

Suddenly Lamme appeared on the deck in his shirt and said:

“Captain and friends, ’twas not the pig but the monk that was squealing; I
am overjoyed. Ulenspiegel, my son, I have conceived a high design with
regard to His Paternity; give him his life, but leave him not at liberty, else
will he do some ill trick upon the ship: rather have a cage built for him on
the deck, a strait cage well opened and airy, where he can do no more than
sit down and sleep; such a one as they make for capons; let me feed him,
and let him be hanged if he does not eat as much as I will.”
“Let him be hanged if he will not eat,” said Ulenspiegel and the Beggars.

“What dost thou mean to do with me, big man?” said the monk.

“Thou shalt see,” replied Lamme.

And Ulenspiegel did as Lamme wished, and the monk was put in a cage,
and all could contemplate him at their leisure.

Lamme had gone down into his galley; Ulenspiegel followed and heard him
disputing with Nele:

“I will not lie down,” he was saying, “no, I will not lie down to have others
groping and fumbling with my sauces; no, I will not stay in my bed, like a
calf!”

“Do not be angry, Lamme,” said Nele, “or your wound will reopen and you
will die.”

“Well,” said he, “I will die: I am tired of living without my wife. Is it not
enough for me to have lost her, without your trying furthermore to prevent
me, me the master cook of this place, from myself keeping watch over the
soup? Know ye not that there is a health inherent in the steam of sauces and
fricassees? They even nourish my spirit and armour me against
misfortunes.”

“Lamme,” said Nele, “thou must needs hearken to our counsel and let
thyself be healed by us.”

“I am fain to let myself be healed,” said Lamme: “but rather than another
should enter here, some ignorant good-for-naught, a frowsy, ulcerous, blear-
eyed, dropping nosed fellow, and come to king it as master cook in my
place, and paddle with his filthy fingers in my sauces, I would rather kill
him with my wooden ladle, which would be iron for that task.”

“All the same,” said Ulenspiegel, “thou must have an assistant; thou art
sick....”
“An assistant for me,” said Lamme, “for me, an assistant! Art thou then
stuffed with naught but ingratitude, as a sausage is full of minced meat? An
assistant, my son, and ’tis thou that dost say so to me, thy friend, who have
nourished thee so long time and so succulently! Now will my wound
reopen. False friend, who then would dress thy food like me? What would
ye do, ye two, if I were not there to give thee, chief-captain, and thee, Nele,
some dainty stew or other?”

“We will work ourselves in the galley,” said Ulenspiegel.

“Cooking,” said Lamme: “thou art good to eat of it, to smell it, to sniff it up,
but to perform it, no: poor friend and chief-captain, saving your respect, I
could make thee eat leather wallets cut up into ribbons, and thou wouldst
take it for toughish tripe: leave me, my son, to be still the master cook of
here, else I shall dry up, like a lathstick.”

“Remain master cook then,” said Ulenspiegel; “if thou dost not heal, I will
shut up the galley and we shall eat naught save biscuits.”

“Ah! my son,” said Lamme, weeping for joy, “thou art good and kind as
Notre Dame herself.”
 IV

And in any case he appeared to be healing.

Every Saturday the Beggars saw him measuring the monk’s waist girth with
a long leather thong.

The first Saturday he said:

“Four feet.”

And measuring himself, he said:

“Four feet and a half.”

And he seemed melancholy.

But, speaking of the monk, on the eighth Saturday he was full of joy and
said:

“Four feet and three quarters.”

And the monk, angry, when he took his measure, would say to him:

“What do you want with me, big man?”

But Lamme would put out his tongue at him without a word.

And seven times a day, the sailors and soldiers saw him come with a new
dish, saying to the monk:

“Here be rich beans in Flemish butter: didst thou eat the like in thy
monastery? Thou hast a goodly phiz; there is no starving on this ship. Dost
thou not feel cushions of fat coming on thy back? Before long thou wilt
have no need of a mattress to lie on.”
At the monk’s second meal:

“Here,” he would say, “there are koeke-bakken after the Brussels fashion;
the French folk call them crêpes, for they wear crapes on their kerchiefs for
a sign of mourning: these are not black, but fair of hue and golden browned
in the oven: seest thou the butter streaming off them? So shall it be with thy
belly.”

“I have no hunger,” the monk would say.

“Thou must needs eat,” was Lamme’s answer. “Dost thou deem that these
are pancakes of buckwheat? ’tis pure wheat, my father, father in grease, fine
flour of the wheat, my father with the four chins: already I see the fifth one
coming, and my heart rejoices. Eat.”

“Leave me in peace, big man,” said the monk.

Lamme, becoming wrathful, would reply:

“I am the lord and disposer of thy life: dost thou prefer the rope to a good
bowl of pea soup with sippets, such as I am about to fetch thee presently?”

And coming with the bowl:

“Pea soup,” quoth Lamme, “loves to be eaten in company: and therefore I

have just added thereto knoedels of Germany, goodly dumplings of Corinth
flour, cast all alive into boiling water: they are heavy, but make plenteous
fat. Eat all thou canst; the more thou dost eat the greater my joy: do not
feign disgust; breathe not so hard as if thou hadst over much: eat. Is it not
better to eat than to be hanged? Let’s see thy thigh! it thickens also; two feet
seven inches round about. Where is the ham that measureth as much?”

An hour after he came back to the monk:

“Come,” said he, “here are nine pigeons: they have been slaughtered for
thee, these innocent beasts that wont to fly unfearing above the ships:
disdain them not; I have put into their bellies a ball of butter, breadcrumbs,
grated nutmeg, cloves pounded in a brass mortar shining like thy skin:
Master Sun rejoices to be able to admire himself in a face as bright as thine,
by reason of the grease, the good grease I have made for thee.”

At the fifth meal he would fetch him a waterzoey.

“What thinkest thou,” quoth he, “of this hodgepodge of fish? The sea
carries thee and feedeth thee: she could do no more for the King’s Majesty.
Aye, aye, I can see the fifth chin visibly a-coming a little more on the left
side than on the right side: we must fatten up this side that is neglected, for
God saith to us: ‘Be just to each.’ Where would justice be, if not in an
equitable distributing of grease? I will bring thee for thy sixth repast
mussels, those oysters of the poor, such as they never served thee in thy
convent: ignorant folk boil them and eat them so; but that is but the
prologue to the fricassee; they must next be stripped of their shells, and
their gentle bodies put in a pan, then stewed delicately with celery, nutmeg,
and cloves, and bind the sauce with beer and flour, and serve them with
buttered toast. I have done them in this fashion for thee. Why do children
owe so great a gratitude to their fathers and mothers? Because they have
given them shelter and love, but beyond all things, food: thou oughtest then
to love me as thy father and thy mother, and even as to them thou owest me
the gratitude of thy stomach: roll not against me then such savage eyes.

“Presently I shall bring thee a soup of beer and flour, well sweetened with
cinnamon a-plenty. Knowest thou for why? That thy fat may become
translucent and shiver upon thy skin: such it is seen when thou movest.
Now here is the curfew ringing: sleep in peace, taking no thought for the
morrow, certain to find thy succulent repasts once more, and thy friend
Lamme to give them thee without fail.”

“Begone and leave me to pray to God,” said the monk.

“Pray,” said Lamme, “pray with the cheerful music of snoring: beer and
sleep will make grease for thee, goodly grease. For my part, I am glad of
it.”

And Lamme went off to put himself in bed.

And the sailors and soldiers would say to him:

“Why, then, do you feed so richly this monk that wishes thee no good?”

“Let me alone,” said Lamme, “I am accomplishing a mighty work.”

 V

December was come, the month of long dark nights. Ulenspiegel sang:

“Monseigneur Sa Grande Altesse

Takes off his mask,
Eager to reign over the Belgian land.
The Estates Spaniardized
But not Angevined
Deal with the taxes.
Beat upon the drum
Of Anjou’s thwarting.

“They have within their power

Domains, excise, and funds,
Making of magistrates
And offices as well.
He hateth the Reformed
Monsieur Sa Grande Altesse,
An atheist in France
Oh! Anjou’s thwarting.

“For he would fain be king

By the sword and by force,
King absolute in all.
This Monseigneur, this Grande Altesse;
Fain would he foully seize
Many fair towns, yea, Antwerp, too;
Signorkes and pagaders rise early,
Oh! Anjou’s thwarting!

“’Tis not upon thee, France,

That this folk rushes, mad with rage;
These deadly weaponed blows
Fall not upon thy noble body;
And they are not thy offspring
Whose corpses in great heaps
Choke the Kip-Dorp Gate.
Oh! the thwarting of Anjou!

“No, these are no sons of thine

The people fling from the ramparts.
’Tis the High Highness of Anjou,
The passive libertine Anjou,
Living, France, on thy very blood,
And eager to drink ours;
But ’twixt the cup and lip....
Oh! the thwarting of Anjou.

“Monsieur Sa Grande Altesse.

In a defenceless town
Cried, ‘Kill! kill! Long live the Mass!’
With his handsome minions,
With eyes wherein gleams
The shameful fire, impudent, restless,
Lust without love.
Oh! the thwarting of Anjou!

“’Tis they that are smitten, not thee, poor folk,

On whom they weigh with tax,
Salt tax, poll tax, deflowering,
Contemning thee, making thee give
Thy corn, thy horses, thy wains,
Thou that art a father to them.
Oh! the thwarting of Anjou!

“Thou that art a mother to them,

Suckling the misbehaviour
Of these parricides that sully
Thy name abroad, France, that dost feast
On the savours of their glory
When they add by savage feast.
Oh! the thwarting of Anjou!

“A floret to thy soldier crown,

A province to thy territory.
Give the stupid cock ‘Lust and battle’
Thy foot on the neck.
People of France, people of men,
The foot that treads them down!
And all the peoples will love thee
For the thwarting of Anjou.”
 VI

In May, when the peasant women of Flanders by night throw backwards

slowly over their heads three black beans to keep them from sickness and
death, Lamme’s wound opened again: he had a high fever and asked to be
laid on the deck of the ship, over against the monk’s cage.

Ulenspiegel was very willing; but for fear lest his friend might fall into the
sea in a fever fit, he had him strongly fastened down upon his bed.

In his interludes of reason, Lamme incessantly enjoined on them not to

forget the monk: and he thrust out his tongue at him.

And the monk said:

“Thou dost insult me, big man.”

“Nay,” replied Lamme, “I am fattening thee.”

The wind blew soft, the sun shone warm; Lamme in his fever was securely
tied on his bed, so that in his witless spasms of leaping he might not jump
over the side of the ship; and deeming himself still in his galley, he said:

“This fire is bright to-day. Soon it will rain ortolans. Wife, spread snares in
our orchard. Thou art lovely thus, with thy sleeves rolled up to the elbow.
Thy arm is white, I would fain bite it, bite with my lips that are teeth of live
velvet. Whose is this lovely flesh, whose those lovely breasts showing
beneath thy white jacket of fine linen? Mine, my sweet treasure. Who will
make the fricassee of cock’s comb and chickens’ rumps? Not too much
nutmeg, it brings on fever. White sauce, thyme, and laurel: where are the
yolks of eggs?”

Then making a sign for Ulenspiegel to bring his ear close to his mouth, he
said to him in a low voice:
“Presently it will rain venison; I shall keep thee four ortolans more than the
others. Thou art the captain; betray me not.”

Then hearing the sea beat softly on the ship’s side:

“The soup is boiling, my son; the soup is boiling, but how slow is this fire
to heat up!”

As soon as he recovered his wits, he said, speaking of the monk:

“Where is he? doth he grow in grease?”

Seeing him then, he put out his tongue at him and said:

“The great work is being accomplished; I am content.”

One day he asked to have the great scales set up on the deck, and to be set
in it, he on one pan, the monk on the other: scarcely was the monk in place
than Lamme soared like an arrow in the air, and rejoicing, he said, looking
at him:

“He weighs it down! he weighs it down! I am a weightless spirit beside

him: I will fly in the air like a bird. I have my idea: take him away that I
may come down; now put on the weights. Put him back. What does he
weigh? Three hundred and fourteen pounds. And I? Two hundred and
twenty.”
 VII

The night of the day after this, when the dawn was rising gray, Ulenspiegel
was awakened by Lamme crying:

“Ulenspiegel! Ulenspiegel! help, rescue, keep her from going away. Cut the
cords! cut the cords!”

Ulenspiegel came up on the deck and said:

“Why dost thou call out? I see naught.”

“’Tis she,” replied Lamme, “she, my wife, there, in that skiff rounding that
flyboat; aye, that flyboat whence there came the sound of singing and the
viol strings.”

Nele had come up on deck.

“Cut the cords, my dear,” said Lamme. “Seest thou not that my wound is
cured, her soft hand hath healed it; she, aye, she. Dost thou see her standing
up in the skiff? Dost thou hear? she is singing still. Come, my beloved,
come; flee not from thy poor Lamme, who was so lonely in the world
without thee.”

Nele took his hand, touched his face.

“He hath the fever still,” she said.

“Cut the cords,” said Lamme; “give me a skiff! I am alive, I am happy, I am

healed!”

Ulenspiegel cut the cords: Lamme, leaping from his bed in breeches of
white linen, without a doublet, set to work himself to lower away the skiff.
“See him,” said Nele to Ulenspiegel: “his hands tremble with impatience as
they work.”

The skiff ready, Ulenspiegel, Nele, and Lamme went down into it with an
oarsman, and set off towards the flyboat anchored far off in the harbour.

“See the goodly flyboat,” said Lamme, helping the oarsman.

On the fresh morning sky, coloured like crystal gilded by the rays of the
young sun, the flyboat showed up her hull and her elegant masts.

While Lamme rowed:

“Tell us now how didst find her again,” asked Ulenspiegel.

Lamme replied, speaking in jerks:

“I was sleeping, already much better. All at once a dull noise. A piece of
wood struck the ship. A skiff. A sailor hurries up at the noise: ‘Who goes
there?’ A soft voice, her voice, my son, her voice, her sweet voice:
‘Friends.’ Then a deeper voice: ‘Long live the Beggar: the commander of
the flyboat Johannah to speak with Lamme Goedzak.’ The sailor drops the
ladder. The moon was shining. I see a man’s shape coming up on to the
deck: strong hips, round knees, wide pelvis; I say to myself: ‘a pretended
man’: I feel as it might be a rose opening and touching my cheek: her
mouth, my son, and I hear her saying to me, she—dost thou follow?—
herself, covering me with kisses and with tears: ’twas liquid perfumed fire
falling on my body: ‘I know I am sinning; but I love thee, my husband! I
have sworn before God: I am breaking my oath, my man, my poor man! I
have come often without daring to come nigh thee; the sailor at last allowed
me: I dressed thy wound, thou knewest me not; but I have healed thee; be
not wroth, my man! I have followed thee, but I am afraid; he is upon this
ship, let me go; if he saw me he would curse me and I should burn in the
everlasting fire!’ She kissed me again, weeping and happy, and went away
in spite of me, despite my tears: thou hadst bound me hand and foot, my
son, but now....”
And saying this he bent mightily to his oars: ’twas like the taut string of a
bow that launches the arrow forthright.

As they approached the flyboat, Lamme said:

“There she is, upon the deck, playing the viol, my darling wife with her hair
of golden brown, with the brown eyes, the cheeks still fresh and young, the
bare round arms, the white hands. Leap onward, skiff, over the sea!”

The captain of the flyboat, seeing the skiff coming up and Lamme rowing
like a demon, had a ladder dropped from the deck. When Lamme was by it,
he leapt from the skiff on to the ladder at the risk of tumbling into the sea,
thrusting the skiff three fathoms behind him and more; and climbing like a
cat up to the deck, ran to his wife, who swooning with joy, kissed and
embraced him, saying:

“Lamme! come not to take me: I have sworn to God, but I love thee. Ah!
dear husband!”

Nele cried out:

“It is Calleken Huybrechts, the pretty Calleken.”

“’Tis I,” said she, “but alas! the hour of noon has gone by for my beauty.”

And she seemed wretched.

“What hast thou done?” said Lamme: “what became of thee? Why didst
thou leave me? Why wilt thou leave me now?”

“Listen,” said she, “and be not wroth; I will tell thee: knowing that all
monks are men of God I confided in one of them: his name was Broer
Cornelis Adriaensen.”

Hearing which Lamme:

“What!” said he, “that wicked hypocrite who had a sewer mouth, full of
filth and dirt, and spoke of naught but spilling the blood of the Reformed;
what! that praiser of the Inquisition and the edicts! Ah, it was a
blackguardly good-for-naught rascal!”

Calleken said:

“Do not insult the man of God.”

“The man of God!” said Lamme, “I know him; ’twas a man of filth and
foulness. Wretched fate! my beautiful Calleken fallen into the hands of this
lascivious monk! Come not near me, I will kill thee: and I that loved her so
much! my poor deceived heart that was all her own! What dost thou come
hither for? Why didst thou tend me? thou shouldst have left me to die.
Begone, thou; I would see thee no more, begone, or I fling thee in the sea.
My knife!...”

She, embracing him:

“Lamme,” said she, “my husband, weep not: I am not what thou deemest: I
have not belonged to this monk.”

“Thou liest,” said Lamme, weeping and grinding his teeth both at the same
time. “Ah! I was never jealous, and now I am. Sad passion, anger, and love,
the need to slay and embrace. Begone, thou! no, stay! I was so good to her!
Murder is master in me. My knife! Oh! this burns, devours, gnaws; thou
laughest at me....

She embraced him weeping, gentle and submissive.

“Aye,” said he, “I am a fool in my anger: aye, thou didst guard my honour,
that honour a man is mad enough to hang on a woman’s skirts. So it was for
that thou wast wont to pick out thy sweetest smiles to ask me leave to go to
the sermon with thy she-friends.”

“Let me speak,” said the woman, embracing him. “May I die on the instant
if I deceive thee!”

“Die, then,” said Lamme, “for thou art going to lie.”

“Listen to me,” said she.

“Speak or speak not,” said he, “’tis all one to me.”

“Broer Adriaensen,” she said, “passed for a good preacher; I went to hear
him: he set the ecclesiastic and celibate estate above all others as being
more proper to win paradise for the faithful. His eloquence was great and
fiery: several wives of good repute, of whom I was one, and in especial a
goodly number of widow women and girls, had their minds troubled by it.
The estate of celibacy being so perfect, he enjoined upon us to dwell
therein: we swore thenceforward no longer to be spouses....”

“Save to him, no doubt,” said Lamme, weeping.

“Be silent,” said she, angry.

“Go to,” said he, “finish: thou hast fetched me a bitter blow; I shall never be
whole of it.”

“Yea,” said she, “my man, when I shall be always with thee.”

And she would fain have embraced and kissed him, but he repulsed her.

“The widows,” said she, “swore between his hands never to marry again.”

And Lamme listened to her, lost in his jealous musing.

Calleken, shamefaced, went on:

“He desired,” she said, “to have no penitents save young and beauteous
wives or maids: the others he sent back to their own curés. He established
an order of devotees, making us all swear to have no other confessors but
himself only: I swore it; my companions, more initiate than I, asked me if I
was fain to be instructed in the Holy Discipline and the Holy Penance: I
wished it. There was at Bruges, at the Stone Cutters’ Quay, by the convent
of the Franciscan friars, a house dwelt in by a woman called Calle de
Najage, who gave girls instruction and lodging, for a gold carolus by the
month: Broer Cornelis could enter her house without being seen to leave his
cloister. It was to this house I went, into a little chamber where he was
alone: there he ordered me to tell him all my natural and carnal inclinations:
at first I dared not; but in the end I gave way, wept, and told him all.”

“Alas!” wept Lamme, “and this swine monk thus received thy sweet
confession.”

“He still told me, and this is true, my husband, that above earthly modesty
is a celestial modesty, through which we make unto God the sacrifice of our
earthly shames, and that thus we avow to our confessors all our secret
desires, and are then worthy to receive the Holy Discipline and the Holy
Penance.

“In the end he made me strip naked before him, to receive upon my body,
which had sinned, the too-light chastisement of my faults. One day he made
me unclothe myself; I fainted when I must let my body linen fall: he
revived me with salts and flasks.—‘’Tis well for this time, daughter,’ said
he, ‘come back in two days’ time and bring a rod.’ That went on for long
without ever ... I swear it before God and all his saints ... my man ...
understand me ... look at me ... see if I lie: I remained pure and faithful ... I
loved thee.”

“Poor sweet body,” said Lamme, “O stain upon thy marriage robe!”

“Lamme,” said she, “he spoke in the name of God and of our Holy Mother
Church; was I not to listen to him? I loved thee always, but I had sworn to
the Virgin, by dreadful oaths, to deny myself to thee: yet I was weak, weak
to thee. Dost thou recall the hostelry of Bruges? I was at the house of Calle
de Najage thou didst pass by upon thine ass with Ulenspiegel. I followed
thee; I had a goodly sum of money; I spent nothing ever for myself. I saw
thee an hungered: my heart pulled towards thee, I had pity and love.”

“Where is he now?” asked Ulenspiegel.

Calleken replied:
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