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Basic ICT Skills(X)

The document provides an overview of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), detailing its components, including hardware, software, communication systems, and database systems. It explains various types of computer devices, their functions, and basic computer operations such as login/logout processes and keyboard usage. Additionally, it covers computer care, maintenance tips, and security measures to protect data from threats.

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vaishnavichakrapani2009
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3 views10 pages

Basic ICT Skills(X)

The document provides an overview of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), detailing its components, including hardware, software, communication systems, and database systems. It explains various types of computer devices, their functions, and basic computer operations such as login/logout processes and keyboard usage. Additionally, it covers computer care, maintenance tips, and security measures to protect data from threats.

Uploaded by

vaishnavichakrapani2009
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic ICT Skills

ICT (Information and Communication


Technology)

 ICT refers to the use of technology for communication


and to process information. ICT refers to technology
use for regular, everyday tasks: sending an email,
making a video call, searching the internet, using a
tablet or mobile phone, and more.
 (ICT) is an extensional term for information technology
(IT) that stresses the role of unified
communications and the integration of
telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless
signals) and computers, storage, and audio visual
systems, that enable users to access, store, transmit,
and manipulate information.
Components of ICT
 1. Hardware-: All physical component / parts / tangible component are called
Computer Hardware.

 2. Software-: Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to


operate computers and execute specific tasks.

 Software are Two types-:

 a. System Software-: system software is used to operate / control all computer


hardware component.

 b. Application Software-: These are used to create files such as


spreadsheets, databases, presentations and text-based documents.

 3. Communication systems –: Networking Device such as Computer,Cell


phone and all smart devices which can be connect with internet with telephone
lines and wireless signals, which enable connections with other ICT users and
the internet.

 4.Database system-:To store and retrieve data information we use database


system. For example, all the devices such and apps are using database
software to backup and restore user data & information for future use.
Types of Computer Device-:

 1. Input Device-: used to interact with, or send data to the


computer (mouse, keyboards, etc.)
 2. Output Device-: which provides output to the user from
the computer (monitors, printers, etc.)
 3. Removable Device-: which can easily remove any
time (Example Pen drive).
 4. Storage Device-: Storage, which stores data processed
by the computer (hard drives, flash drives, etc.)
 CPU-: CPU stands for Central Processing Unit. CPU, are
responsible for processing and executing instructions.

 Parts of CPU-:

 Cabinet-: Body of CPU is called Cabinet.

 SMPS-: (Switch Mode Power Supply) it works as a Power


adopter that is used to convert AC voltage in to DC Voltage.

 Motherboard-: it is a circuit board. it have a collection of Chips,


Ports, Slots, Buses, Registers and Buses

 RAM-: (Random Access Memory) it is a temporary memory.

 Harddisk-: it is a permanent memory. it save all data


permanently.

 Processor-: Brain of Computer. All processing are execute via


Processor.

 CD / DVD Drive-: Use to play or Access CD/DVD Data.


Basic Functions performed when a computer starts
 BIOS A computer automatically
runs a basic program called
BIOS (Basic Input/Output
System) as soon as it is switched
on or the power button is
pushed on.

The BIOS first does a self-test. If the self-test shows


that the system is fine, the BIOS will load the
Operating System. This means that the computer’s
operating system make sure your computer is locked, you
have login-IDs and passwords. A login and password is
like a key to the lock which allows you to use the
computer.
 Login and Logout

When you login to the computer


with your login-ID and
password, the computer knows
that you are an authorised
person and allows you to work
on the applications in the
computer. Once you finish
working, you must log out or
sign out so that no one else can
see your work.
Function Keys : Keys labeled from F1 to F12 are Using the Keyboard
function keys. You use them to perform specific
functions.
Control keys: Keys, such as Control (CTRL),
SHIFT, SPACEBAR, ALT, CAPS LOCK and TAB, are
special control keys that perform special functions.
Enter key: You use the ENTER or the RETURN key
to move the cursor to the beginning of a new line.
Punctuation keys: include keys for punctuation
marks, such as colon (:), semicolon (;), question
mark (?), single quotation marks (‘ ’), and double
quotation marks (“ ”).
Navigation keys: Keys, such as the arrow keys,
HOME, END, PAGE UP, and PAGE DOWN are
navigation keys.
Command keys: Keys, such as INSERT (INS),
DELETE (DEL), and BACKSPACE are command
keys.
Windows key: Pressing this key opens the Start
menu
A mouse is a small device Using Mouse
that you can use to move,
select and open items on
your computer screen.
functions that can be
Left Button
performed using a mouse:
 Roll Over or Hover Right Button Scroll Button

 Point and Click


 Drag and Drop
 Double-click
Session 3: Computer Care and Maintenance

 Basic Tips for Taking Care of Devices


• Keeping a Device Clean
• Be careful with food and drinks
• Handle devices carefully
• Be careful with food and drinks
• Keep the computer cool
• Do not overcharge your battery .
• Always plug in devices carefully
• Do not run too many programs at a time
• Prepare a Maintenance Schedule
• Clean up e-mail contact list
• Update your operating system
• Check for expiry of anti-virus software and renew
• Backup Your Data
• Scanning and Cleaning Viruses
• Removing SPAM from your Computer
Session 4: Computer Security and Privacy
Computer security and privacy deals with the measures used to prevent loss of data.
 Threats to Computer
Threats are the ways in which personal information can be leaked from a computer without
our knowing
(a) Theft: Theft means stealing of information or hardware. These maybe of three types:
• Physical
• Identity
• Software Piracy
(b) Virus
• Worms
• Trojan Horse
(c) Online Predator
(d) Internet Scams
Protecting your Data
(a) Use passwords to login to your computer
(b) Install Anti-virus and Firewall.
(c) Encrypt Data
(d) Secure sites

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