Programming Java

Exception Handling

Incheon Paik

Java

Computer Industry Lab.

Contents
Exception Handling Catch Block Searches The throw Statement Exception and Error Classes The throws Clause Custom Exceptions

Java

Computer Industry Lab.

Exception Handling
class DivideByZero { public static void main(String args[]) { a(); } static void a() { b(); } static void b() { c(); } static void c() { d(); } static void d() { int i = 1; int j = 0; System.out.println(i / j); } }

Result :
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero at DivideByZero.d(DivideByZero.java:22) at DivideByZero.c(DivideByZero.java:16) at DivideByZero.b(DivideByZero.java:12) at DivideByZero.a(DivideByZero.java:8) at DivideByZero.main(DivideByZero.java:4)

Java

Computer Industry Lab.

Exception Handling
Exception Handling
try { // try block } catch (ExceptionType1 param1) { // Exception Block } catch (ExceptionType2 param2) { // Exception Block }

Statements that have some possibilities to generate exception(s).

Execute statements here when the corresponding exception occurred.

catch (ExceptionTypeN paramN) { // Exception Block } finally { // finally Block }

Do always

Java

Computer Industry Lab.

Exception Handling
class Divider { public static void main(String args[]) { try { System.out.println("Before Division"); int i = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); int j = Integer.parseInt(args[1]); System.out.println(i / j); System.out.println("After Division"); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("ArithmeticException"); } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println("ArrayIndex" + "OutOfBoundsException"); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println("NumberFormatException"); } finally { System.out.println("Finally block"); } } }

Result : java Divider

Before Division ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException Finally block

Result : java Divider 1 0 Before Division ArithmeticException Finally block

Java

Computer Industry Lab.

Catch Block Searches

class CatchSearch { { public static void main(String args[]) try { System.out.println("Before a"); a(); System.out.println("After a"); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("main: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("main: finally"); } } public static void a() { try { System.out.println("Before b"); b(); System.out.println("After b"); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("a: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("a: finally"); } } public static void b() { try { System.out.println("Before c"); c(); System.out.println("After c"); } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println("b: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("b: finally"); } } public static void c() { try { System.out.println("Before d"); d(); System.out.println("After d"); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println("c: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("c: finally"); } } public static void d() { try { int array[] = new int[4]; array[10] = 10; } catch (ClassCastException e) { System.out.println("d: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("d: finally"); } } }

Result :
Before a Before b Before c Before d d: finally c: finally b: java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 10 b: finally After b a: finally After a main: finally

Java

Computer Industry Lab.

The throw Statement

The throw Statement
throw object;

Use the statement to generate an exc eption

Exception Object in Argument

catch (ExceptionType param) {
.

throw param;
..

Throw to new Exception Object

throw new ExceptionType(args);

Java

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The throw Statement

class ThrowDemo { { public static void main(String args[]) try { System.out.println("Before a"); a(); System.out.println("After a"); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("main: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("main: finally"); } } public static void a() { try { System.out.println("Before b"); b(); System.out.println("After b"); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("a: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("a: finally"); } public static void b() { try { System.out.println("Before c"); c(); System.out.println("After c"); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("b: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("b: finally"); } } public static void c() { try { System.out.println("Before d"); d(); System.out.println("After d"); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("c: " + e); throw e; } finally { System.out.println("c: finally"); } } 8 public static void d() { try { int i = 1; int j = 0; System.out.println("Before division"); System.out.println(i / j); System.out.println("After division"); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("d: " + e); throw e; } finally { System.out.println("d: finally"); } } }

Result :

Before a Before b Before c Before d Before division d: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero d: finally c: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero c: finally b: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero b: finally After b a: finally After a main: finally

Java

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The throw Statement

class ThrowDemo2 { public static void main(String args[]) { try { System.out.println("Before a"); a(); System.out.println("After a"); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("main: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("main: finally"); } } public static void a() { try { System.out.println("Before throw statement"); throw new ArithmeticException(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("a: " + e); } finally { System.out.println("a: finally"); } } }

Result :

Before a Before throw statement a: java.lang.ArithmeticException a: finally After a main: finally

Java

Computer Industry Lab.

Exception and Error Classes

Throwable Constructors
Throwable() Throwable(String message)

Subclasses of Exception Class ClassNotFoundException IllegalAccessException InstantiationException InterruptedException NoSuchFieldException NoSuchMethodException RuntimeException Subclasses of RuntimeException ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ArithmeticException ClassCastException NegativeArraySizeException NullPointerException NumberFromatException SecurityException StringIndexOutOfBoundsException

getMessage() Method
String getMessage()

printStackTrace() Method
void printStackTrace()

Exception Constructor
Exception() Exception(String message)

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Computer Industry Lab.

Exception and Error Classes

class PrintStackTraceDemo { public static void main(String args[]) { try { a(); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void a() { try { b(); } catch (NullPointerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void b() { try { c(); } catch (NullPointerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void c() { try { d(); } catch (NullPointerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void d() { try { int i = 1; int j = 0; System.out.println(i / j); } catch (NullPointerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }

Result:

java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero at PrintStackTraceDemo.d(PrintStackTraceDemo.java:43) at PrintStackTraceDemo.c(PrintStackTraceDemo.java:32) at PrintStackTraceDemo.b(PrintStackTraceDemo.java:23) at PrintStackTraceDemo.a(PrintStackTraceDemo.java:14) at PrintStackTraceDemo.main(PrintStackTraceDemo.java:5) 11 Computer Industry Lab.

Java

The throws Clause

throws Statement of Constructor
consModifiers clsName(cparams) throws exceptions { // constructor body }
public static void b() throws ClassNotFoundException { c(); } public static void c() throws ClassNotFoundException { Class cls = Class.forName("java.lang.Integer"); System.out.println(cls.getName()); System.out.println(cls.isInterface()); } }

throws Statement at a Method

mthModifiers rtype mthName(mparams) throws exceptions { // constructor body }

class ThrowsDemo { public static void main(String args[]) { a(); } public static void a() { try { b(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 12

Result : Java.lang.Integer false

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Computer Industry Lab.

Custom Exceptions
Subclass of Exception
import java.util.*; class ExceptionSubclass { public static void main(String args[]) { a(); } static void a() { try { b(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } static void b() throws ExceptionA { try { c(); } catch (ExceptionB e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } static void c() throws ExceptionA, ExceptionB { Random random = new Random(); int i = random.nextInt(); if (i % 2 == 0) { throw new ExceptionA("We have a problem"); } else { throw new ExceptionB("We have a big problem"); } } } class ExceptionA extends Exception { public ExceptionA(String message) { super(message); } } class ExceptionB extends Exception { public ExceptionB(String message) { super(message); } }

Execution:
ExceptionA: We have a problem at ExceptionSubclass.c(ExceptionSubclass.java:31) at ExceptionSubclass.b(ExceptionSubclass.java:20) at ExceptionSubclass.a(ExceptionSubclass.java:11) at ExceptionSubclass.main(ExceptionSubclass.java:6)

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Exercise
Step 1 (Creating Some Methods for Exception)
Slides 7,8,9, 12
static int thrower(String s) ...... { try { if (s.equals("divide")) { // Write the code for raising Divide by Zero Exception } if (s.equals("null")) { // Write the code for raising NullPoint Exception } if (s.equals("test")) // Write the code for raising TestException return 0; } finally { // Some code for print out the current message }

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Exercise

Step 2, 3 Writing a Exception Handler 1,2

Slides # 7,8,9, 12,13

Java

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Computer Industry Lab.