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MCQ Unit 2

The document contains a series of questions and answers related to eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices. Key concepts include definitions, properties of eigenvalues for different types of matrices, and the relationship between eigenvalues and matrix characteristics. It emphasizes the importance of eigenvalues in determining matrix properties such as diagonalizability and definiteness.

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komaldeep0612
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5 views7 pages

MCQ Unit 2

The document contains a series of questions and answers related to eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices. Key concepts include definitions, properties of eigenvalues for different types of matrices, and the relationship between eigenvalues and matrix characteristics. It emphasizes the importance of eigenvalues in determining matrix properties such as diagonalizability and definiteness.

Uploaded by

komaldeep0612
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. What is the definition of an eigenvalue of a matrix A ?

A) A scalar λ such that A−λI =0


B) A scalar λ such that Ax=λx for some nonzero vector x
C) A scalar that makes A singular
D) The determinant of A
Answer: B

2. If A is an n × n matrix, how many eigenvalues can A have at most?


A) n
B) n2
C) Infinite
D) Zero
Answer: A

3. If A is a triangular matrix, what can be said about its eigenvalues?


A) They are all zero
B) They are found on the diagonal of A
C) They must be distinct
D) They depend on the determinant
Answer: B

4. If A has an eigenvalue λ , what is the determinant of A−λ?


A) Zero
B) One
C) The trace of A
D) The rank of A
Answer: A

5. The sum of the eigenvalues of a square matrix A is equal to:


A) The determinant of A
B) The trace of A
C) The rank of A
D) The inverse of A
Answer: B

6. If A is an orthogonal matrix, then its eigenvalues are always:


A) Positive
B) Either 0 or 1
C) Either 1 or -1
D) Of unit modulus
Answer: D

7. If A is a symmetric matrix, then its eigenvalues are always:


A) Real
B) Complex
C) Zero
D) Negative
Answer: A

8. The determinant of a matrix A is the product of its:


A) Trace
B) Eigenvalues
C) Columns
D) Inverse
Answer: B

9. If A is an n × n matrix, then the characteristic equation is given by:


A) det ( A−λI )=0
B) Ax=λx
C) trace ( A )=0
D) AT = A−1
Answer: A

10. What is the eigenvalue of the identity matrix I ?


A) 0
B) 1
C) n
D) -1
Answer: B

11. If A A is invertible, then its eigenvalues satisfy:


A) λ i=0
B) λ−1
i are the eigenvalues of A
−1

C) λ i=−1
D) λ i must be complex
Answer: B

12. The eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix are always:


A) Linearly dependent
B) Orthogonal
C) Equal to the eigenvalues
D) Zero
Answer: B

13. If A is a diagonalizable matrix, it can be written as:


−1
A) PD P , where D is diagonal
T −1
B) A =A
2
C) A =I
D) A=0
Answer: A

14. The spectral decomposition theorem states that a symmetric matrix A can
be written as:
T
A) A=QΛ Q
B) A=QR
T
C) A=UD V
−1
D) A=P DP
Answer: A
15. The eigenvalues of an upper triangular matrix are:
A) The diagonal elements
B) The inverse of the diagonal elements
C) Always real
D) Always zero
Answer: A

16. If A has eigenvalues λ 1 , λ2 , … , λn , then A k has eigenvalues:


A) λ ki
B) k λ i
C) λ i+ k
D) k −λi
Answer: A

17. The spectral radius of a matrix is:


A) The largest eigenvalue in magnitude
B) The sum of eigenvalues
C) The rank of the matrix
D) The determinant
Answer: A

18. A matrix with all eigenvalues equal to zero is always:


A) Singular
B) Invertible
C) Diagonalizable
D) Orthogonal
Answer: A

19. If A is a normal matrix, then:


A) A is diagonalizable
T T
B) A A= A A
T −1
C) A =A
D) A is singular
Answer: B

20. The eigenvalues of a nilpotent matrix are always:


A) Zero
B) One
C) Negative
D) Complex
Answer: A

21. If A and B are similar matrices, then they have the same:
A) Determinant
B) Eigenvalues
C) Trace
D) All of the above
Answer: D

22. A matrix is positive definite if all its eigenvalues are:


A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Zero
D) Complex
Answer: A

23. The eigenvalues of a unitary matrix lie on:


A) The unit circle
B) The real line
C) The x-axis
D) The y-axis
Answer: A

24. If a matrix has complex eigenvalues, then it is necessarily:


A) Non-symmetric
B) Diagonalizable
C) Orthogonal
D) Unitary
Answer: A

25. Eigenvectors corresponding to distinct eigenvalues of a symmetric matrix


are:
A) Orthogonal
B) Parallel
C) Dependent
D) Singular
Answer: A

26. Which one of the following is NOT necessarily true for an eigenvector?
A) It is nonzero
B) It is unique
C) It satisfies Ax=λx
D) It can be scaled
Answer: B

27. If A is an n × n real symmetric matrix, it has exactly:


A) nn real eigenvalues
B) n n complex eigenvalues
C) At most 2 eigenvalues
D) No eigenvalues
Answer: A

28. The characteristic polynomial of a matrix is used to find:


A) Eigenvalues
B) Eigenvectors
C) Determinants
D) Inverses
Answer: A
29. A matrix is diagonalizable if it has:
A) A full set of linearly independent eigenvectors
B) Distinct eigenvalues only
C) A zero determinant
D) A symmetric structure
Answer: A

30. If A is a Hermitian matrix, then its eigenvalues are:


A) Always real
B) Always positive
C) Always complex
D) Always negative
Answer: A

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