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Ruby on Rails Tutorial Learn Web Development with
Rails 3rd Edition Michael Hartl Digital Instant Download
Author(s): Michael Hartl
ISBN(s): 9780134077703, 0134077709
Edition: 3
File Details: PDF, 15.25 MB
Year: 2015
Language: english
COVERSRAI
LS4.
2

THE
RUBYON RAI
LS
TUTORI
AL
LEARN WEBDEVELOPMENTWI
TH RAI
LS
THI
RD EDI
TION

BOOKAND SCREENCASTSBY
MI
CHAELHARTL
2
 Ruby on Rails Tutorial
Learn Web Development with Rails

Michael Hartl
ii
Contents

1 From zero to deploy 1

1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.1.1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.2 Conventions in this book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2 Up and running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2.1 Development environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2.2 Installing Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.3 The first application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3.1 Bundler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.3.2 rails server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.3.3 Model-View-Controller (MVC) . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.3.4 Hello, world! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
1.4 Version control with Git . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
1.4.1 Installation and setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
1.4.2 What good does Git do you? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
1.4.3 Bitbucket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
1.4.4 Branch, edit, commit, merge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
1.5 Deploying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
1.5.1 Heroku setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
1.5.2 Heroku deployment, step one . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
1.5.3 Heroku deployment, step two . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
1.5.4 Heroku commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
1.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
1.6.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

iii
iv CONTENTS

1.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

2 A toy app 61
2.1 Planning the application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
2.1.1 A toy model for users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.1.2 A toy model for microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.2 The Users resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
2.2.1 A user tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
2.2.2 MVC in action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
2.2.3 Weaknesses of this Users resource . . . . . . . . . . . 84
2.3 The Microposts resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
2.3.1 A micropost microtour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
2.3.2 Putting the micro in microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
2.3.3 A user has_many microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
2.3.4 Inheritance hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
2.3.5 Deploying the toy app . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
2.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
2.4.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
2.5 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

3 Mostly static pages 103

3.1 Sample app setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
3.2 Static pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
3.2.1 Generated static pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
3.2.2 Custom static pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
3.3 Getting started with testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
3.3.1 Our first test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
3.3.2 Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
3.3.3 Green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
3.3.4 Refactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
3.4 Slightly dynamic pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
3.4.1 Testing titles (Red) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
3.4.2 Adding page titles (Green) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
3.4.3 Layouts and embedded Ruby (Refactor) . . . . . . . . 136
CONTENTS v

3.4.4 Setting the root route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

3.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
3.5.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
3.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
3.7 Advanced testing setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
3.7.1 MiniTest reporters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
3.7.2 Backtrace silencer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
3.7.3 Automated tests with Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

4 Rails-flavored Ruby 159

4.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
4.2 Strings and methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
4.2.1 Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
4.2.2 Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
4.2.3 Objects and message passing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
4.2.4 Method definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
4.2.5 Back to the title helper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
4.3 Other data structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
4.3.1 Arrays and ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
4.3.2 Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
4.3.3 Hashes and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
4.3.4 CSS revisited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
4.4 Ruby classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
4.4.1 Constructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
4.4.2 Class inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
4.4.3 Modifying built-in classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
4.4.4 A controller class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
4.4.5 A user class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
4.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
4.5.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
4.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

5 Filling in the layout 205

5.1 Adding some structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
vi CONTENTS

5.1.1 Site navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

5.1.2 Bootstrap and custom CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
5.1.3 Partials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
5.2 Sass and the asset pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
5.2.1 The asset pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
5.2.2 Syntactically awesome stylesheets . . . . . . . . . . . 232
5.3 Layout links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
5.3.1 Contact page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
5.3.2 Rails routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
5.3.3 Using named routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
5.3.4 Layout link tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
5.4 User signup: A first step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
5.4.1 Users controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
5.4.2 Signup URL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
5.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
5.5.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
5.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256

6 Modeling users 259

6.1 User model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
6.1.1 Database migrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
6.1.2 The model file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
6.1.3 Creating user objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
6.1.4 Finding user objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
6.1.5 Updating user objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
6.2 User validations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
6.2.1 A validity test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
6.2.2 Validating presence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
6.2.3 Length validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
6.2.4 Format validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
6.2.5 Uniqueness validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
6.3 Adding a secure password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
6.3.1 A hashed password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
6.3.2 User has secure password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
CONTENTS vii

6.3.3 Minimum password length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

6.3.4 Creating and authenticating a user . . . . . . . . . . . 304
6.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
6.4.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
6.5 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

7 Sign up 313
7.1 Showing users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
7.1.1 Debug and Rails environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
7.1.2 A Users resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
7.1.3 Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
7.1.4 A Gravatar image and a sidebar . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
7.2 Signup form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
7.2.1 Using form_for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
7.2.2 Signup form HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
7.3 Unsuccessful signups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
7.3.1 A working form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
7.3.2 Strong parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
7.3.3 Signup error messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
7.3.4 A test for invalid submission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
7.4 Successful signups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
7.4.1 The finished signup form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
7.4.2 The flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
7.4.3 The first signup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
7.4.4 A test for valid submission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
7.5 Professional-grade deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
7.5.1 SSL in production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
7.5.2 Production webserver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
7.5.3 Ruby version number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
7.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
7.6.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
7.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
viii CONTENTS

8 Log in, log out 385

8.1 Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
8.1.1 Sessions controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
8.1.2 Login form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
8.1.3 Finding and authenticating a user . . . . . . . . . . . 394
8.1.4 Rendering with a flash message . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
8.1.5 A flash test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
8.2 Logging in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
8.2.1 The log_in method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
8.2.2 Current user . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
8.2.3 Changing the layout links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
8.2.4 Testing layout changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
8.2.5 Login upon signup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
8.3 Logging out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
8.4 Remember me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
8.4.1 Remember token and digest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
8.4.2 Login with remembering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
8.4.3 Forgetting users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442
8.4.4 Two subtle bugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
8.4.5 “Remember me” checkbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
8.4.6 Remember tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456
8.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464
8.5.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
8.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466

9 Updating, showing, and deleting users 471

9.1 Updating users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
9.1.1 Edit form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472
9.1.2 Unsuccessful edits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478
9.1.3 Testing unsuccessful edits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
9.1.4 Successful edits (with TDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482
9.2 Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
9.2.1 Requiring logged-in users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488
9.2.2 Requiring the right user . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
CONTENTS ix

9.2.3 Friendly forwarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

9.3 Showing all users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
9.3.1 Users index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
9.3.2 Sample users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
9.3.3 Pagination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510
9.3.4 Users index test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
9.3.5 Partial refactoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
9.4 Deleting users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520
9.4.1 Administrative users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520
9.4.2 The destroy action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
9.4.3 User destroy tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
9.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
9.5.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
9.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534

10 Account activation and password reset 537

10.1 Account activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538
10.1.1 Account activations resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539
10.1.2 Account activation mailer method . . . . . . . . . . . 546
10.1.3 Activating the account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
10.1.4 Activation test and refactoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570
10.2 Password reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576
10.2.1 Password resets resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580
10.2.2 Password resets controller and form . . . . . . . . . . 584
10.2.3 Password reset mailer method . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590
10.2.4 Resetting the password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597
10.2.5 Password reset test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
10.3 Email in production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 608
10.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610
10.4.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 612
10.5 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612
10.6 Proof of expiration comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615
x CONTENTS

11 User microposts 617

11.1 A Micropost model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617
11.1.1 The basic model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618
11.1.2 Micropost validations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620
11.1.3 User/Micropost associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623
11.1.4 Micropost refinements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
11.2 Showing microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632
11.2.1 Rendering microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633
11.2.2 Sample microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637
11.2.3 Profile micropost tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642
11.3 Manipulating microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649
11.3.1 Micropost access control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650
11.3.2 Creating microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652
11.3.3 A proto-feed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660
11.3.4 Destroying microposts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669
11.3.5 Micropost tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672
11.4 Micropost images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676
11.4.1 Basic image upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677
11.4.2 Image validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683
11.4.3 Image resizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686
11.4.4 Image upload in production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 688
11.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692
11.5.1 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 694
11.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695

12 Following users 701

12.1 The Relationship model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702
12.1.1 A problem with the data model (and a solution) . . . . 702
12.1.2 User/relationship associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711
12.1.3 Relationship validations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
12.1.4 Followed users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715
12.1.5 Followers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719
12.2 A web interface for following users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721
12.2.1 Sample following data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721
CONTENTS xi

12.2.2 Stats and a follow form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723

12.2.3 Following and followers pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734
12.2.4 A working follow button the standard way . . . . . . . 744
12.2.5 A working follow button with Ajax . . . . . . . . . . 746
12.2.6 Following tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
12.3 The status feed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755
12.3.1 Motivation and strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756
12.3.2 A first feed implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758
12.3.3 Subselects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762
12.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768
12.4.1 Guide to further resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768
12.4.2 What we learned in this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . 769
12.5 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 770
xii CONTENTS
Foreword
My former company (CD Baby) was one of the first to loudly switch to Ruby
on Rails, and then even more loudly switch back to PHP (Google me to read
about the drama). This book by Michael Hartl came so highly recommended
that I had to try it, and the Ruby on Rails Tutorial is what I used to switch back
to Rails again.
Though I’ve worked my way through many Rails books, this is the one that
finally made me “get” it. Everything is done very much “the Rails way”—a
way that felt very unnatural to me before, but now after doing this book finally
feels natural. This is also the only Rails book that does test-driven development
the entire time, an approach highly recommended by the experts but which has
never been so clearly demonstrated before. Finally, by including Git, GitHub,
and Heroku in the demo examples, the author really gives you a feel for what
it’s like to do a real-world project. The tutorial’s code examples are not in
isolation.
The linear narrative is such a great format. Personally, I powered through
the Rails Tutorial in three long days,1 doing all the examples and challenges at
the end of each chapter. Do it from start to finish, without jumping around, and
you’ll get the ultimate benefit.
Enjoy!
Derek Sivers (sivers.org)
Founder, CD Baby

1
This is not typical! Getting through the entire book usually takes much longer than three days.

xiii
xiv CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
The Ruby on Rails Tutorial owes a lot to my previous Rails book, RailsSpace,
and hence to my coauthor Aurelius Prochazka. I’d like to thank Aure both
for the work he did on that book and for his support of this one. I’d also like
to thank Debra Williams Cauley, my editor on both RailsSpace and the Ruby
on Rails Tutorial; as long as she keeps taking me to baseball games, I’ll keep
writing books for her.
I’d like to acknowledge a long list of Rubyists who have taught and in-
spired me over the years: David Heinemeier Hansson, Yehuda Katz, Carl
Lerche, Jeremy Kemper, Xavier Noria, Ryan Bates, Geoffrey Grosenbach, Pe-
ter Cooper, Matt Aimonetti, Mark Bates, Gregg Pollack, Wayne E. Seguin,
Amy Hoy, Dave Chelimsky, Pat Maddox, Tom Preston-Werner, Chris Wan-
strath, Chad Fowler, Josh Susser, Obie Fernandez, Ian McFarland, Steven Bris-
tol, Pratik Naik, Sarah Mei, Sarah Allen, Wolfram Arnold, Alex Chaffee, Giles
Bowkett, Evan Dorn, Long Nguyen, James Lindenbaum, Adam Wiggins,
Tikhon Bernstam, Ron Evans, Wyatt Greene, Miles Forrest, the good people
at Pivotal Labs, the Heroku gang, the thoughtbot guys, and the GitHub crew.
Finally, many, many readers—far too many to list—have contributed a huge
number of bug reports and suggestions during the writing of this book, and I
gratefully acknowledge their help in making it as good as it can be.

xv
xvi CONTENTS
About the author
Michael Hartl is the author of the Ruby on Rails Tutorial, one of the lead-
ing introductions to web development, and is a cofounder of the Softcover
self-publishing platform. His prior experience includes writing and developing
RailsSpace, an extremely obsolete Rails tutorial book, and developing Insoshi,
a once-popular and now-obsolete social networking platform in Ruby on Rails.
In 2011, Michael received a Ruby Hero Award for his contributions to the Ruby
community. He is a graduate of Harvard College, has a Ph.D. in Physics from
Caltech, and is an alumnus of the Y Combinator entrepreneur program.

xvii
xviii CONTENTS
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left in shame and silence. The Governor did not expose Tiemann, in
consequence of his innocent and interesting family, and his aged
father, and his numerous relatives, including the versatile Peter
Cooper, whose adopted daughter Mayor Tiemann married. These
revelations will cause the worthy citizens of New York to bend their
heads in sorrow, to behold a man of Mayor Tiemann’s exalted
professions of purity and piety, guilty of crimes that should consign
him to the rack, and to an eternal hell.
 Advertisements—25 Cents a line.

Credit—From two to four seconds, or as long as the Advertiser can

hold his breath! Letters and Advertisements to be left at No. 128
Nassau street, third floor, back room.

N OTICE TO FARMERS AND MARKET GARDENERS.—City Inspector’s

Department, New York, June 16, 1858.—In conformity with the
following resolution, the space therein mentioned will be permitted
to be used as a place, by farmers and gardeners, for the sale of
vegetables and garden produce, until the hour of 12 o’clock, M.,
daily—the use to be free of charge:
Resolved, That permission be, and is hereby, given to farmers and
market gardeners, to occupy daily, until 12 M., free of charge, the
vacant space of the northern and southern extremities of the
intersection of Broadway and Sixth avenue, between Thirty-second
and Thirty-fifth streets, without infringing upon the streets which the
said space intersects, for the purpose only of selling vegetables and
market produce, of their own farms or gardens, under the
supervision of the City Inspector.
Also, by resolution of the Common Council, The use of Gouverneur
slip is granted to farmers and gardeners for the sale of produce from
wagons.
GEO W. MORTON, City Inspector.
JOSEPH CANNING, Sup’t of Markets.

N
N OTICE—TO PERSONS KEEPING SWINE, OWNERS OF PROPERTY
WHERE THE SAME MAY BE KEPT, AND ALL OTHERS
INTERESTED. At a meeting of the Mayor and Commissioners of
Health, held at the City Hall of the City of New York, Friday, June
18th, 1853, the following preamble and resolutions were adopted:
Whereas, A large number of swine are kept in various portions of
the city; and whereas, it is the general practice of persons so
keeping swine, to boil offal and kitchen refuse and garbage, whereby
a highly offensive and dangerous nuisance is created, therefore, be
it
Resolved, That this Board, of the Mayor and Commissioners of
Health, deeming swine kept south of (86th) street, in this city, to be
creative of a nuisance and detrimental to the public health,
therefore, the City Inspector be, and he is hereby, authorized and
directed to take, seize, and remove from any and all places and
premises, all and every swine found or kept on any premises in any
place in the city of New York southerly of said street, and to cause
all such swine to be removed to the Public Pound, or other suitable
place beyond the limits of the city or northerly of said street, and to
cause all premises or places wherein, or on which, said swine may
have been so found or kept, to be thoroughly cleaned and purified
as the City Inspector shall deem necessary to secure the
preservation of the public health, and that all expenses incurred
thereby constitute a lien on the lot, lots or premises from which said
nuisance shall have been abated or removed.
Resolved, That the foregoing resolutions shall take effect from and
after the first day of July next, and that public notice be given of the
same by publication in the Corporation papers to that date, and that
notice may be given to persons keeping swine by circulars delivered
on the premises, and that all violations of this order be prosecuted
by the proper legal authorities, on complaint from the City Inspector
or his officers.
City Inspector’s Department, }
New York, June 18, 1858. }
 All persons keeping swine, or upon whose property or premises
the same may be kept, are hereby notified that the above
resolutions will be strictly enforced from and after the first day of
July next.
GEO. W. MORTON, City Inspector.

F RANCIS B. BALDWIN, WHOLESALE and RETAIL CLOTHING &

FURNISHING WAREHOUSE, 70 and 72 Bowery, between Canal
and Hester sts., New York. Large and elegant assortment of Youths’
and Boys’ Clothing.
F. B. BALDWIN,
J. G. BARNUM.
F. B. BALDWIN has just opened his New and Immense
Establishment. THE LARGEST IN THE CITY! An entire New Stock of
GENTLEMEN’S, YOUTH’S and CHILDREN’S CLOTHING, recently
manufactured, by the best workmen in the city, is now opened for
inspection. Also, a superior stock of FURNISHING GOODS. All articles
are of the Best Quality, and having been purchased during the crisis,
WILL BE SOLD VERY LOW! The Custom Department contains the
greatest variety of CLOTHS, CASSIMERES, and VESTINGS.
Mr. BALDWIN has associated with him Mr. J. G. BARNUM, who has
had great experience in the business, having been thirty years
connected with the leading Clothing Establishments of the city.

T HOMAS A. DUNN, 506 EIGHTH AVENUE, has a very choice

assortment of Wines, Brandies, Cordials, and Segars, which he
will sell at prices that will yield a fair profit. All my democratic
friends, and my immediate associates in the Boards of Aldermen and
Councilmen are respectfully invited to call in their rambles through
Eighth Avenue, and enjoy a good Havana segar, and nice, sparkling
champagne, and very exhilerating brandy. For the segars, I will
charge my political friends and associates only five pence each, and
for the brandy only ten pence per half gill, and for the champagne
only four shillings a glass, or two dollars a bottle.
So call, kind friends, and sing a glee,
And laugh and smoke and drink with me,
Sweet Sangaree
Till you can’t see:
(Chorus)—At your expense!
(Which pays my rents,)
For my fingers do you see
O’er my nose gyrating free?

THOMAS A. DUNN, No. 506 Eighth avenue.

J. VAN TINE, SHANGAE RESTAURANT, No. 2, Dey street, New

York.

C OREY AND SON, MERCHANT’S EXCHANGE, Wall street, New

York.—Notaries Public and Commissioners.—United State’s
Passports issued in 36 hours.—Bills of Exchange, Drafts, and Notes
protested.—Marine protests noted and extended.
EDWIN F. COREY,
EDWIN F. COREY, Jr.

M RS. S. S. BIRD’S LADIES’ AND GENTLEMEN’S Dining and Oyster

Saloons, No. 31 Canal street, near East Broadway, and 264
Division street, New York.
Oysters Pickled to Order.

S
S. & J. W. BARKER, GENERAL AUCTIONEERS & REAL ESTATE
BROKERS. Loans negotiated, Houses and Stores Rented, Stocks
and Bonds Sold at Auction or Private Sale.
Also, FURNITURE SALES attended to at private houses. Office, 14
Pine street, under Commonwealth Bank.

C ARLTON HOUSE, 496 BROADWAY, NEW York. Bates and Holden,

Proprietors.
THEOPHILUS BATES.
OREL J. HOLDEN.

T RIMMING MANUFACTURERS.—B. S. YATES & CO., 639 Broadway,

New York.
Fringes, Cords, Tassels, Loops, Gimps,
and Gimp Bands.

W M. COULTER, Carpenter.—I have long been engaged as a

Carpenter, and I assure all who will favor me with their
patronage, that I will build as good houses, or anything else in my
line, as any other carpenter in the city of New York. I will also be as
reasonable in charges for my work as any other person.
WILLIAM COULTER, Carpenter,
Rear of 216 East Twentieth street, New York.

G ERARD BETTS & CO., AUCTION AND Commission Merchants,

No. 106, Wall street, corner of Front street, New York.

J
J AMES DONNELLY’S COAL YARD,—Twenty-sixth street and Second
Avenue. I always have all kinds of coal on hand, and of the very
best quality, which I will sell as low as any other coal dealer in the
United States.
JAMES DONNELLY.

F OLEY’S CELEBRATED “GOLD PENS.” For sale by all Stationers and

Jewellers.
OFFICE AND STORE,
163 BROADWAY.

W. W. OSBORN, MERCHANT TAILOR, 9 Chamber street, near

Chatham street, New York.

S OLOMON BANTA, Architect, No. 93 Amos street, New York. I

have built as many houses and stores as any Architect in this
city, or the United States, and I can produce vouchers to that effect;
and I flatter myself that I can build edifices that will compare
favorably, in point of beauty and durability, with those of any
architect in this country. I am prepared to receive orders in my line
of business, at No. 93 Amos street. New York.
SOLOMON BANTA.

R OBERT ONDERDONK—THIRTEENTH Ward Hotel, 405 and 407

Grand street, corner of Clinton street, New York.

W
W ILLIAM M. TWEED, CHAIR, & OFFICE Furniture Dealer and
Manufacturer,
No. 289 Broadway, corner of Read street New York. Room No. 15.

T RUSSES, ELASTIC STOCKINGS, SHOULDER Braces, Supporters,

Bandages, &c. H. L. Parsons, E. D. Office, 4 Ann street, under
the Museum.

F ASHION HOUSE.—JOSEPH HYDE PROPRIETOR, corner Grand and

Essex street. Wines, Liquors, and Cigars of the best brands. He
invites his friends to give him a call. Prompt and courteous attention
given his patrons.

W ILLIAM A. CONKLIN, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW,

No. 176 Chatham street, New York. Any business entrusted to
his charge from citizens of this city or any part of the country, will
receive prompt and faithful attention, and be conducted on
reasonable terms.
WILLIAM A. CONKLIN.

H ERRING’S PATENT CHAMPION FIRE AND BURGLAR Proof Safe,

with Hall’s Patent Powder Proof Locks, afford the greatest
security of any Safe in the world. Also, Sideboard and Parlor Safes,
of elegant workmanship and finish, for plate, &c. S. C. HERRING &
CO.,
251 Broadway.

J
J AMES MELENFY, (SUCCESSOR TO SAMUEL Hopper,) Grocer, and
Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Pure Country Milk. Teas, Coffee,
Sugars & Spices. Flour, Butter, Lard, Cheese, Eggs &c. No. 158,
Eighth Avenue, Near 18th Street, New York. Families supplied by
leaving their address at the Store.

B OOT & SHOE EMPORIUMS. EDWIN A. BROOKS, Importer and

Manufacturer of Boots, Shoes & Gaiters, Wholesale and Retail,
No. 575 Broadway, and 150 Fulton Street, New York.

M CSPEDON AND BAKER’S STATIONERY WAREHOUSE and

Envelope Manufactory, Nos. 29, 31, and 33, Beekman Street,
New York.
Envelopes of all patterns, styles, and quality, on hand, and made to
order for the trade and others, by Steam Machinery. Patented April
8th, 1856.

C OZZENS’ HOTEL COACHES,—STABLE, Nos. 34 and 36 Canal

Street, New York.
I will strive hard to please all those generous citizens who will
kindly favor me with their patronage.
EDWARD VAN RANST.

J. W. MASON, MANUFACTURER, WHOLESALE and Retail dealers in

all kinds of Chairs, Wash Stands, Settees, &c. 377 & 379 Pearl
Street, New York.
Cane and Wood Seat Chairs, in Boxes, for Shipping.

B
B ENJAMIN JONES, COMMISSION DEALER, IN Real Estate. Houses
and stores and lots for sale in all parts of the city. Office at the
junction of Broadway, Seventh Avenue, and Forty-Sixth Street.

F ULLMER AND WOOD, CARRIAGE Manufacturers, 239 West 19th

Street, New York.
Horse-shoeing done with despatch, and in the most scientific
manner, and on reasonable terms.

J. N. GENIN, FASHIONABLE HATTER, 214 Broadway, New York.

G ENIN’S LADIES’ & CHILDREN’S OUTFITTING Bazaar, 513

Broadway, (St. Nicholas Hotel, N. Y.)

E DWARD PHALON & SON, 497 and 517 Broadway, New York—
Depots for the sale of Perfumery, and every article connected
with the Toilet.
We now introduce the “BOUQUET D’OGARITA, or Wild Flower of
Mexico,” which is superior to any thing of the kind in the civilized
world.
EDWARD PHALON & SON.

S AMUEL SNEDEN, SHIP & STEAMBOAT BUILDER.—My Office is at

No. 31 Corlears Street, New York; and my yards and residence
are at Greenpoint. I have built Ships and Steamers for every portion
of the Globe, for a long term of years, and continue to do so on
reasonable terms.
 SAMUEL SNEDEN.

J OHN B. WEBB, BOAT BUILDER, 718 WATER STREET. My Boats

are of models and materials unsurpassed by those of any Boat
Builder in the World. Give me a call, and if I don’t please you, I will
disdain to charge you for what does not entirely satisfy you.
JOHN B. WEBB.

A LANSON T. BRIGGS—DEALER IN FLOUR BARRELS, Molasses

Casks, Water, and all other kinds of Casks. Also, new flour
barrels and half-barrels; a large supply constantly on hand. My
Stores are at Nos. 62, 63, 64, 69, 73, 75, 77 and 79 Rutger’s Slip; at
235, 237, and 239 Cherry Street; also, in South and Water streets,
between Pike and Rutger’s Slip, extending from street to street. My
yards in Williamsburgh are at Furman & Co.’s Dock. My yards in New
York are at the corner of Water and Gouverneur Streets; and in
Washington Street, near Canal; and at Leroy Place. My general
Office is at 64 Rutger’s Slip.
ALANSON T. BRIGGS.

F ULTON IRON WORKS.—JAMES MURPHY & CO., manufacturers of

Marine and Land Engines, Boilers, &c. Iron and Brass Castings.
Foot of Cherry street, East River.

B RADDICK & HOGAN, SAILMAKERS, No. 272 South Street, New

York.
Awnings, Tents, and Bags made to order.
JESSE A. BRADDICK,
 RICHARD HOGAN.

W ILLIAM M. SOMERVILLE, WHOLESALE AND Retail Druggist and

Apothecary, 205 Bleecker-st., corner Minetta, opposite Cottage
Place, New York. All the popular Patent Medicines, fresh Swedish
Leeches, Cupping, &c. Physicians’ Prescriptions accurately prepared.
WM. M. SOMERVILLE.

A. W. & T. HUME, MERCHANT TAILORS, No. 82 Sixth Avenue,

New York. We keep a large and elegant assortment of every
article that a gentleman requires. We make Coats, Vests and Pants,
after the latest Parisian fashions, and on reasonable terms.
A. W. & T. HUME.

T HE WASHINGTON, By BARTLETT & GATES, No. 1 Broadway, New

York. Come and see us, good friends, and eat and drink and be
merry, in the same capacious and patriotic halls where the immortal
Washington’s voice and laugh once reverberated.
O come to our Hotel,
And you’ll be treated well.

BARTLETT & GATES.

E XCELSIOR PRINTING HOUSE, 211 CENTRE ST., IS furnished with

every facility, latest improved presses, and the newest styles of
type—for the execution of Book, Job and Ornamental Printing. Call
and see specimens.

C
C HARLES FRANCIS, SADDLER, (ESTABLISHED IN 1808,) Sign of
the Golden Horse, 39 Bowery, New York, opposite the Theatre.
Mr. F. will sell his articles as low as any other Saddler in America, and
warrant them to be equal to any in the World.

H. N. WILD, STEAM CANDY MANUFACTURER, No. 451 Broadway,

bet. Grand and Howard streets, New York. My Iceland Moss
and Flaxseed Candy will cure Coughs and Sneezes in a very short
time.

J AMES GRIFFITHS, (Late CHATFIELD & GRIFFITHS,) No. 273

Grand st., New York. A large stock of well-selected Cloths,
Cassimeres, Vestings, &c., on hand. Gent’s, Youths’ and Children’s
Clothing, Cut and Made in the most approved style. All cheap for
Cash.

J. AGATE & CO., MEN’S FURNISHING

Manufacturers, 256 Broadway, New York.
GOODS and Shirt

Shirts made to order and guaranteed to fit.

J. AGATE, F. W. TALKINGTON.

B ILLIARD TABLES.—PHELAN’S IMPROVED BILLIARD Tables and

Combination Cushions—Protected by letters patent, dated Feb.
19, 1856; Oct. 28, 1856; Dec. 8, 1857; Jan. 12, 1858. The recent
improvement in these Tables make them unsurpassed in the world.
They are now offered to the scientific Billiard players as combining
speed with truth, never before obtained in any Billiard Table. Sales-
rooms Nos. 786 and 788 Broadway, New York. Manufactory No. 53
Ann Street.
 O’CONNOR & COLLENDOR, Sole Manufacturers.

S. L. OLMSTEAD, IMPORTER, MANUFACTURER and Jobber of

Men’s Furnishing Goods, No. 24 Barclay Street, corner of
Church, New York.

C. B. HATCH, HILLER & MERSEREAU, Importers and Jobbers of

Men’s Furnishing Goods, and Manufacturers of the Golden Hill
Shirts, 99 Chambers Street, N. E. corner Church Street, New York.

L. A. ROSENMILLER, DRUGGIST, NO. 172 EIGHTH Avenue, New

York. Cupping & Leeching. Medicines at all hours.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK STEPHEN H.
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