ST.

JOHN'S SCHOOL
MATHEMATICS
CLASS X
BASIC CONCEPTS Of LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLS

1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 1 MARK)

2. ASSERTION AND REASON BASED QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 1 MARK)
3.. SHORT ANSWER TYPE II QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 3 MARKS)
4. CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 4 MARKS )
5. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 5 MARKS)

PREPERED BY SANTOSH KUMAR sahu

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CHAPTER 3 - PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

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KEY POINTS
1) General form of a pair of linear equations in two variables is given by
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
2) Graph of a linear equation (in one or two variables) is always a straight line
3) Graphical Method : The graph of a pair of linear equations in two variables is
represented by two lines.
(i) If the lines intersect at a point, then that point gives the unique solution of the two
equations. In this case, the pair of equations is consistent.
(ii) If the lines coincide, then there are infinitely many solutions — each point on the line
being a solution. In this case, the pair of equations is dependent (consistent).
(iii) If the lines are parallel, then the pair of equations has no solution. In this case, the pair
of equations is inconsistent.
4) Algebraic Methods : The following methods for finding the solution(s) of a pair of
linear equations :
(i) Substitution Method
(ii) Elimination Method
5) If a pair of linear equations is given by a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0,
then the following situations can arise :

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 1 MARK)
1. The pair of equations x= -m and y = n graphically represents lines which are:
(a) parallel (b) intersecting at (n , -m) (c) coincident (d) intersecting at (-m , n)
2. For what value k, do the equations 2x – y + 3 = 0 and 6x – ky + 9 = 0 represent coincident
lines?
(a) 2 (b) – 2 (c) 3 (d) -3
3. The value of k for which the pair of equations kx =y+2 and 6x=2y+3 has infinitely many
solutions,
(a) is k = 3 (b) does not exist (c) is k-3 (d) is k = 4
4. One of the equations of a pair of inconsistent linear equations is 2x – 3y = - 5. The second
equation can be:
(a) 4x - 6y = -10 (b) 4x – 6y + 6 =0 (c) 6x – 9y +15 = 0 (d) 8x – 12y +20 = 0
5. In the given figure, graphs of two linear equations are shown. The pair of these linear
equations is:

(a) Consistent with unique solution.

(b) Consistent with infinitely many solutions.
(c) Inconsistent.
(d) Inconsistent but can be made consistent by extending these
lines.

6. For what value of k the given pair of linear equations have no solution
5x+2y-7=0 and 2x+ky +1 =0

(a) (b) (c) (d)

7. The area of the triangle formed by the line + =1 with the coordinate axis is:
² ²

(a) a²b² (b) a²b² (c) ab (d) 2a²b²

8. If bx + ay = a² + b² and ax- by = 0, then the value of (x-y) is:

(a) a-b (b) a² +b² (c) a²-b² (d) b-a
9. The pair of linear equations 2x+ky -3 = 0, 6x + y +7=0 have unique solution if

(a) k = (b) k ≠ (c) k = (d) k ≠

10. If a pair of linear equations is consistent, then the lines are:

(a) Intersecting or coincident (b) Always coincident

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(c) Always intersecting (d) Parallel
SHORT ANSWER TYPE I QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 2 MARKS)
11. Solve the pair of equations x = 0 and y = - 7 graphically.
12. The angles of a triangle are x+5, y -5 and 30°. The difference between the two angles x+5 and
y-5 is 40°. Find x and y.
13. Find the value of k for which the following pair of linear equations have infinitely many solutions:
2x+3y=7 and (k−1) x+(k+2) y=3k.
14. In a box, total number of Rs. 2 coins and Rs. 5 coins is 20. If total coins amount to Rs. 76, find
the number of coins of each denomination.
15. Twice the perimeter of a rectangular garden whose length is 8m more than its width is 72m.
Find the dimensions of the garden.
16. The sum of two numbers is 49. The greater number exceeds thrice the smaller number by 1.
Find the larger number.
17. Ram can row downstream 40km in 4 hours and upstream 8km in 4 hours. What will be
the speed of rowing in still water?
18. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 14. If 18 is subtracted from the number, the
digits are reversed. Find the number.
19. Mala has some goats and hens in her shed. Upon counting, Mala found that the total number of
legs is 112 and the total number of heads in 40. Find the number of hens in her shed.
20. The age of father is 22 years more than his son. In three years, the father’s age will be twice that of
his son. Find the present age of his son.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE II QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 3 MARKS)
21. If 51x+49y=150 and 49x+51y=50 then obtain the value of x−y : x+y
22. A train covered a certain distance at a uniform speed. If the train would have been 6 km/h
faster, it would have taken 4 hours less than the scheduled time. And, if the train were slower
by 6 km/hr; it would have taken 6 hours more than the scheduled time. Find the length of the
journey.
23. If 2x + y = 23 and 4x – y = 19, find the values of 5y – 2x and ( y/x )– 2.
24. Find the values of x and y in the following rectangle

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25. Solve the following pairs of equation

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 5 MARKS)

26. Draw the graph of 2x + y = 6 and 2x – y + 2 = 0. Shade the region bounded by these lines and
x-axis. Find the area of the shaded region.
27. The age of the father is twice the sum of the ages of his two children. After 20 years, his age
will be equal to the sum of the ages of his children. Find the age of the father.
28. There are some students in the two examination halls A and B. To make the number of
students equal in each hall, 10 students are sent from A to B. But if 20 students are sent from B
to A, the number of students in A becomes double the number of students in B. Find the
number of students in the two halls.
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 4 MARKS )
29. Dipesh bought 3 notebooks and 2 pens for Rs. 80.
Lokesh also bought the same types of notebooks
and pens as Dipesh. He paid Rs.110 for 4
notebooks and 3 pens

i) Let the cost of one notebook be Rs.x and that of pen be Rs.y. Then form a pair of linear
equations for Rs.80 and Rs.110.
ii) What is the exact cost of each notebook?
iii)What is the exact cost of each pen?
(OR)
iii)What is the total cost if they will purchase the same type of 15 notebooks and 12 pens?
30. A test consists of ‘True’ or ‘False’ questions. One mark is awarded for every correct answer
while ¼ mark is deducted for every wrong answer. A student knew answers to some of the
questions. Rest of the questions he attempted by guessing. He answered 120 questions and got
90 marks.

i)If answer to all questions he attempted by guessing were wrong, then how many

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questions did he answer correctly?
ii) How many questions did he guess?
iii) If answer to all questions he attempted by guessing were wrong and answered 80 correctly,
then how many marks he got?
(OR)
iii) If answer to all questions he attempted by guessing were wrong, then how many questions
answered correctly to score 95 marks?
31. From Bengaluru bus stand, if Riddhima buys 2 tickets to Malleswaram and 3 tickets to
Yeswanthpur, then the total cost is Rs 46; but if she buys 3 tickets to Malleswaram and 5
tickets to Yeswanthpur, then the total cost is Rs 74.
Consider the fares from Bengaluru to Malleswaram and from Bengaluru to Yeswanthpur as
Rs.x and Rs. y respectively, then answer the following questions.

i)Write the linear equation in two variables for the 1st situation.
ii)Form the linear equation in two variables for the 2nd situation.
iii) Find the fare from Bengaluru to Malleswaram.
(OR)
iii) Find the fare from Bengaluru to Yeswanthpur.
ASSERTION AND REASON BASED QUESTIONS (EACH CARRIES 1 MARK)
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
32. Assertion (A): The area of the rectangle formed by the lines representing x=5, y= 7 with the
coordinate axis is 35 sq. units
Reason (R): The system of equations x=5, y=7 is consistent with a unique solution.
33. Assertion (A): Point P (2, -1) is the point on the line 3x + 2y = 4.
Reason (R): The distance of point P (2, -1) from x-axis is 2 units.
34. Assertion (A): If the lines given by 6x + 2ky = -2, 4x + 5y - 1 = 0 are parallel, then the
value of k is
Reason (R): For parallel lines a1/a2 = b1/b2 ≠ c1/c2

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35. Assertion (A): If the lines intersect at a point, then that point gives the unique solution of
the two equations.
Reason (R): The pair of linear equation given by a1x+ b1y+ c1=0 and a2x +b2y +c2=0
where
a1/a2 = b1/b2 ≠ c1/c2 , in this case, the pair of linear equations are consistent.

36. Assertion (A): The graph of the linear equations 4x+y=12 and 4x-2y=4 represents a pair of
intersecting lines.
Reason (R): The graph of linear equations a1x+b1y+c1=0 and a2x+b2y+c2=0 represents a pair
of intersecting lines if a1/a2 ≠ b1/b2
37. Assertion (A): The angles of cyclic quadrilaterals ABCD are: A = (6x+10)0, B=(5x)0,
C= (x+y)° and D=(3y-10)°. The value of x and y is 20° and 30°
Reason (R): In cyclic quadrilaterals, the sum of the opposite angles is 180°.
38. Assertion (A): The lines represented by the pair of linear equations 8x- 3y =0 and 4x - 3y
= 8 intersect each other.
Reason (R): The pair of linear equations 6x - 5y = 0 and 3x - 3y = 8 are inconsistent.
39. Assertion (A): If two lines are parallel; then the pair of equations have infinite solutions.
Reason (R): The pair of linear equation representing parallel line is inconsistent.
40. Assertion (A): If the lines coincide, then there are infinitely many solutions for the given
pair of equation.
Reason (R): The pair of linear equations representing coincident lines are inconsistent.
41. Assertion (A): The graphical representation of a pair of equations 4x + 3y – 1 = 5 and
12x + 9y = 15 will be parallel lines.
Reason (R): If the given pair of equations have no solution. That means, the lines
representing the given pair of equations are parallel to each other.

ANSWER KEY

MCQs (1 MARK EACH)

1. d
2. c
3. b
4. b

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5. a
6. c
7. b
8. d
9. d
10. a
SHORT ANSWER TYPE I QUESTION (2 MARKS EACH)
11. Drawing correct graph
Solution is x = 0 and y = -7
12. x=90° and y=60°
13. k=7
14. Rs. 2 = 8 coins and Rs. 5 = 12 coins
15. Length is 13m and width is 5m
16. Larger number is 37.
17. Speed of boat = 6 km/hr
18. Number is 86
19. 24 hens
20. 19 years
SHORT ANSWER TYPE II QUESTION (3 MARKS EACH)
21. 25 : 1
22. 720
23. x = 7 and y = 9
5y – 2x = 5 x 9 – 2 x 7 = 45 – 14 = 31

24. x=1, y=4

25. x = 6 and y = 8 .
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (5 MARKS EACH)
26. x = 1, y = 4 is the solution of the given system of equations.
Area of ∆ = (1/2 )× 4 × 4 = 8 sq. units.

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