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CBSE 10th Mathematics 2014 Solved Paper

Summative Assessment – II

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com CBSE 10th Mathematics 2014 Solved Paper

Summative Assessment – II
TIME - 3HR. | QUESTIONS – 34
THE MARKS ARE MENTIONED ON EACH QUESTION

_________________________________________________________________________

SECTION - A

Q.1. If the height of a vertical pole is √𝟑 times the length of its shadow on the ground, then
the angle of elevation of the Sun at that time is. 1 mark
(A) 30°
(B) 60°
(C) 45°
(D) 75°
Solution:
Let AO be the pole and OB be its shadow.
Let the length of the shadow be x.
Let θ be the angle of elevation of the Sun at that time.
Given:
Height of pole (ℎ) = √3 × Length of its shadow
⇒ ℎ = √3𝑥

We have:
𝐴𝑂
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 =
𝑂𝐵
ℎ
=
𝑥

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√3𝑥
=
𝑥
= √3
⇒ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 60°
⇒ 𝜃 = 60 ∘

Thus, the angle of elevation of the Sun is 60°.

Hence, the correct Answer is B.

Q.2. A bag contains cards numbered from 1 to 25. A card is drawn at random from the
bag. The probability that the number on this card is divisible by both 2 and 3
is. 1 mark
𝟏
(A) 𝟓
𝟑
(B) 𝟐𝟓
𝟒
(C) 𝟐𝟓
𝟐
(D) 𝟐𝟓

Solution:

Total number of possible outcomes = 25

Let E be the event that the number on the card drawn is divisible by both 2 and 3.
∴ E = {6, 12, 18, 24}
∴ Number of outcomes favourable to E = 4

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 4

𝑃(𝐸) = =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 25

Hence, the correct answer is C.

Q.3. Two different coins are tossed simultaneously. The probability of getting at least one
head is. 1 mark
𝟏
(A) 𝟒
𝟏
(B) 𝟖
𝟑
(C) 𝟒
𝟕
(D) 𝟖

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Solution:
When two coins are tossed simultaneously, the possible outcomes are {(H, H), (H,
T), (T, H), (T, T)}.
∴ Total number of outcomes = 4

Let E be the event of getting at least one head.

Then, the outcomes favourable to E are {(H, H), (H, T), (T, H)}.
∴ Number of favourable outcomes = 3

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 3

𝑃(𝐸) = =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 4

Hence, the correct answer is C.

Q.4. Two concentric circles are of radii 5 cm and 3 cm. Length of the chord of the larger
circle (in cm), which touches the smaller circle is. 1 mark
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 8
(D) 10
Solution:
Let O be the centre of the concentric circles.
Let AB be the chord of the larger circle touching the smaller circle at C.
Also, let OC and OB be the radii of the smaller circle and the larger circle, respectively.

We can see that AB is the tangent to the smaller circle.

We know that the tangent at any point on a circle is perpendicular to the radius drawn to
the point of contact.
∴ OC ⊥ AB

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Now, in the right-angled triangle OCB:

𝑂𝐵 2 = 𝑂𝐶 2 + 𝐶𝐵 2 (Pythagoras theorem)
⇒ 𝐶𝐵 2 = {(5)2 − (3)2 } 𝑐𝑚2
= (25 − 9) 𝑐𝑚2
= 16𝑐𝑚2
⇒ 𝐶𝐵 = 4 𝑐𝑚

Now, AB = 2(CB) (The perpendicular from the centre of the circle to the chord bisects
the chord.)
⇒ AB = 8 cm

Hence, the correct answer is C.

Q.5. In Figure 1, a quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle such that its sides
AB, BC, CD and AD touch the circle at P, Q, R and S respectively. If AB = x cm, BC =
7 cm, CR = 3 cm and AS = 5 cm, find x. 1 mark

(A) 10
(B) 9
(C) 8
(D) 7
Solution:
Given:
BC = 7 cm
CR = 3 cm
AS = 5 cm
AB = x cm

Now, BQ = BP (The lengths of the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are
equal.)
AP = AS = 5 cm ...(1)
Similarly, we have:
CR = CQ = 3 cm

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BQ = BC − CQ and BC = 7 cm (Given)
⇒ BQ = (7 − 3) cm = 4 cm
⇒ BQ = BP = 4 cm ...(2)

From (1) and (2), we have:

AB = AP + PB = (5 + 4) cm = 9 cm
⇒ x = 9 cm

Hence, the correct answer is B.

Q.6. The perimeter of a triangle with vertices (0, 4), (0, 0) and (3, 0) is. 1 mark
(A) 𝟕 + √𝟓
(B) 5
(C) 10
(D) 12
Solution:
Let us plot these coordinates, i.e. O(0, 0), A(0, 4) and B(3, 0), on the Cartesian plane.

We can observe that triangle AOB is a right-angled triangle with OB = 3 units and OA =
4 units.

Now, 𝐴𝐵 2 = 𝑂𝐴2 + 𝑂𝐵 2 (By Pythagoras theorem)

⇒ 𝐴𝐵 2 = (42 + 32 ) sq. units
= (16 + 9) sq. units
= 25 sq. units

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⇒ AB = 5 units
Perimeter of ∆AOB = OA + AB + BO
= (3 + 5 + 4) units
= 12 units

Hence, the correct answer is D.

Q.7. A rectangular sheet of paper 40 cm × 22 cm, is rolled to form a hollow cylinder of

height 40 cm. The radius of the cylinder (in cm) is. 1 mark
(A) 3·5
(B) 7
𝟖𝟎
(C) 𝟕
(D) 5
Solution:

Area of the rectangular sheet = (40 × 22) 𝑐𝑚2 = 880 𝑐𝑚2

Let r be the radius of the cylinder.

Height (h) of the cylinder = 40 cm (Given)

The area of the rectangular sheet and the curved surface area of the cylinder would
remain the same.
∴ 2𝜋𝑟ℎ = Area of the rectangular sheet
22
⇒ 2× × 𝑟 × 40 = 880
7
7
⇒ 𝑟 = = 3.5
2
Thus, the radius of the cylinder is 3.5 cm.

Hence, the correct answer is option A.

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Q.8. The next term of the 𝑨. 𝑷. √𝟕, √𝟐𝟖, √𝟔𝟑, . . . 𝒊𝒔. 1 mark
(A) √𝟕𝟎
(B) √𝟖𝟒
(C) √𝟗𝟕
(D) √𝟏𝟏𝟐
Solution:
We have:
√7, √28, √63. .
𝑜𝑟 √7, √7 × 2 × 2 , √7 × 3 × 3
𝑜𝑟 √7 × 1 × 1, √7 × 2 × 2 , √7 × 3 × 3
We can see that the first term of the given A.P. is √7 and the common difference is
(2√7 − √7) = √7
𝑖. 𝑒. 𝑎 = 𝑑 = √7
The next term of the sequence, i.e. the 4th term = a + 3d
= √7 + 3√7

= 4√7

= √7 × 4 × 4

= √112
Hence, the correct option is D.

SECTION - B
Q.9. In Figure 2, XP and XQ are two tangents to the circle with centre O, drawn from an
external point X. ARB is another tangent, touching the circle at R. Prove that XA +
AR = XB + BR. 2 marks

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Solution:
In the given figure, we have an external point X from where two tangents, XP and XQ,
are drawn to the circle.

XP = XQ (The lengths of the tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are
equal.)

Similarly, we have:
AP = AR
BQ = BR

Now, XP = XA + AP ...(1)
XQ = XB + BQ ...(2)

On putting AP = AR in equation (1) and BQ = BR in equation (2), we get:

XP = XA + AR
XQ = XB + BR

Since XP and XQ are equal, we have:

XA + AR = XB + BR

Hence, proved.

Q.10. Prove that the tangents drawn at the ends of any diameter of a circle are
parallel. 2 marks
Solution:
Let AB be the diameter of a circle, with centre O. The tangents PQ and RS are drawn at
points A and B, respectively.

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We know that a tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the
point of contact.
∴ OA ⊥ RS and OB ⊥ PQ
⇒ ∠OAR = 90𝑜
∠OAS = 90𝑜
∠OBP = 90𝑜
∠OBQ = 90𝑜
We can observe the following:
∠OAR = ∠OBQ and ∠OAS = ∠OBP
Also, these are the pair of alternate interior angles.
Since alternate interior angles are equal, the lines PQ and RS are parallel to each other.
Hence, proved.

Q.11. Two different dice are rolled simultaneously. Find the probability that the sum of
numbers appearing on the two dice is 10. 2 marks
Solution:
The first dice could show any one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The same is true for the
second die as well.

The possible outcomes are:

{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6),
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}

∴ Number of possible outcomes = 6 × 6=36

Let E be the event that the sum of numbers appearing on the two dice is 10.
The outcomes favourable to event, E are {(4, 6), (5, 5), (6, 4)}.
∴ Number of outcomes favourable to event, E = 3

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 3 1

𝑃(𝐸) = = 36 = 12
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

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Q.12. In Figure 3, OABC is a quadrant of a circle of radius 7 cm. If OD = 4 cm, find the
𝟐𝟐
area of the shaded region. [𝑼𝒔𝒆𝝅 = ]. 2 marks
𝟕

Solution:
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑂𝐴𝐵𝐶 = × 𝜋𝑟 2
4
1 22 77
=( × × 7 × 7) 𝑐𝑚2 = 𝑐𝑚2
4 7 2
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝛥𝑂𝐷𝐶 = × 𝑂𝐷 × 𝑂𝐶
2
1
= ( × 4 × 7) 𝑐𝑚2 (∵ 𝑂𝐶 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒)
2
= 14 𝑐𝑚2

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑂𝐴𝐵𝐶 − 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝛥𝑂𝐷𝐶
77 2
= 𝑐𝑚 − 14 𝑐𝑚2
2
77 − 28
= 𝑐𝑚2
2
49
= 𝑐𝑚2
2
= 24.5 𝑐𝑚2 .

Q.13. Solve for x: 2 marks

√𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐√𝟐𝒙 − 𝟐√𝟑 = 𝟎

Solution: We have

⇒ √3𝑥 2 − 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0

⇒ √3𝑥 2 − 3√2𝑥 + √2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0

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⇒ √3𝑥(𝑥 − √6) + √2(𝑥 − √6) = 0

⇒ (√3𝑥 + √2)(𝑥 − √6) = 0

√2
⇒𝑥= − 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = √6
√3

2
⇒ 𝑥 = −√ 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = √6.
3

Q.14. The sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is 𝟓𝒏 − 𝒏𝟐 . Find the nth term of this
A.P. 2 marks
Solution:
The sum of n terms of an A.P. is given by:
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = (𝑎 + 𝑇𝑛 )
2
where, a=first term

𝑇𝑛 = 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
So, we have:
𝑛
5𝑛 − 𝑛2 = (𝑎 + 𝑇𝑛 )
2
𝑛
⇒ 𝑛(5 − 𝑛) = (𝑎 + 𝑇𝑛 )
2
⇒ 10 − 2𝑛 = 𝑎 + 𝑇𝑛 . . . (1)

Now, we have:

𝑆1 = 𝑎

⇒ 𝑎 = (5(1) − 12 ) = 4
Putting the value of a in equation (1), we get:
10 − 2𝑛 = 4 + 𝑇𝑛

⇒ 𝑇𝑛 = 6 − 2𝑛

So, the nth term of the A.P. is 6 − 2n.

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SECTION - C
Q.15. Points P, Q, R and S divide the line segment joining the points A(1, 2) and B(6, 7) in 5
equal parts. Find the coordinates of the points P, Q and R. 3 marks

Solution:
Points P, Q, R and S divide the line segment that joins the points A(1, 2) and B(6, 7) into
5 equal parts.
∴ AP = PQ = QR = RS = SB
We can say that point P divides the line segment AB in the ratio 1:4.
Therefore, the coordinates of point P, by applying section formula, are:

1(6) + 4(1) 1(7) + 4(2)

( , ) = (2,3)
1+4 1+4

Similarly, Q divides the line segment AB in the ratio 2:3.

Therefore, the coordinates of point Q, by applying section formula, are:

2(6) + 3(1) 2(7) + 3(2)

( , ) = (3,4)
2+3 2+3

Similarly, R divides the line segment AB in the ratio 3:2.

Therefore, the coordinates of point R, by applying section formula, are:

3(6) + 2(1) 3(7) + 2(2)

( , ) = (4,5).
3+2 3+2

Q.16. In Figure 4, from a rectangular region ABCD with AB = 20 cm, a right triangle AED
with AE = 9 cm and DE = 12 cm, is cut off. On the other end, taking BC as diameter,
a semicircle is added on outside the region. Find the area of the shaded
region. [𝑼𝒔𝒆 𝝅 = 𝟑. 𝟏𝟒]. 3 marks

Solution:
In right-angle ∆AED:
𝐴𝐷2 = 𝐴𝐸 2 + 𝐸𝐷2
⇒ 𝐴𝐷2 = (92 + 122 ) 𝑐𝑚2

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= (81 + 144) 𝑐𝑚2

= 225 𝑐𝑚2
⇒ 𝐴𝐷 = 15 𝑐𝑚

Now, area of the rectangular region ABCD

= 𝐴𝐵 × 𝐴𝐷
= (20 × 15)𝑐𝑚2
= 300 𝑐𝑚2

Area of ∆AED
1
= × 𝐴𝐸 × 𝐷𝐸
2
1
= ( × 9 × 12) 𝑐𝑚2 = 54 𝑐𝑚2
2
We have:
AD = BC = 15 cm
15
Since, BC is the diameter of the circle, therefore radius of the circle = 𝑐𝑚
2
Now, area of the semi-circle
1
= × 𝜋 × 𝑟2
2
1 15 15
= ( × 3.14 × × ) 𝑐𝑚2
2 2 2
= 88.3125 𝑐𝑚2
Area of the shaded region = Area of the rectangle + Area of the semi-circle − Area of the
triangle
= (300 + 88.3125 − 54) 𝑐𝑚2
= 334.3125 𝑐𝑚2 .

Q.17. In Figure 5, ABCD is a quadrant of a circle of radius 28 cm and a semi circle BEC is
𝟐𝟐
drawn with BC as diameter. Find the area of the shaded region. [𝑼𝒔𝒆𝝅 = ]. 3 marks
𝟕

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Solution:
Given:
Radius (r) of the circle = AB = AC = 28 cm

Area of quadrant ABDC:

1
= × 𝜋 × 𝑟2
4
1 22
=( × × 28 × 28) 𝑐𝑚2
4 7
= 616 𝑐𝑚2

Area of ∆ABC:
1
= × 𝐴𝐶 × 𝐴𝐵
2
1
= ( × 28 × 28) 𝑐𝑚2
2
= 392 𝑐𝑚2
Area of segment BDC = Area of quadrant ABDC − Area of ∆ABC
= (616 − 392) 𝑐𝑚2
= 224 𝑐𝑚2 . . . . (𝑖)

Now, in right-angled triangle BAC:

𝐵𝐶 2 = 𝐵𝐴2 + 𝐴𝐶 2 (By Pythagoras theorem)
⇒ 𝐵𝐶 2 = (282 + 282 ) 𝑐𝑚2
⇒ 𝐵𝐶 2 = 28 × 28 × 2 𝑐𝑚2
⇒ 𝐵𝐶 = 28√2 𝑐𝑚
Since BC is the diameter of the semi-circle BEC, its radius will be as follows:
28√2
𝑐𝑚 = 14√2 𝑐𝑚
2
Area of semi-circle BEC:

1
= 2 × 𝜋 x 𝑟2

1 22
=( × × 14√2 × 14√2) 𝑐𝑚2
2 7
1 22
=( × × 14 × 14 × 2) 𝑐𝑚2
2 7

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= 616 𝑐𝑚2

Area of the shaded portion = Area of semi-circle BEC − Area of segment BDC

= 616 𝑐𝑚2 − 224 𝑐𝑚2

= 392 𝑐𝑚2 .

Q.18. A 5m wide cloth is used to make a conical tent of base diameter 14 m and height 24
m. Find the cost of cloth used at the rate of Rs 25 per metre.
𝟐𝟐
[𝑼𝒔𝒆 𝝅 = ] . 3 marks
𝟕

Solution:

Given:
Diameter of the conical tent = 14 m
∴ Radius of the conical tent (r) = 7 m
Height of the conical tent (h) = 24 m
Slant height of the conical tent (𝑙) = √𝑟 2 + ℎ2

= √72 + 242

= √625𝑚
= 25 m

Curved surface area of the tent = 𝜋𝑟𝑙

22
= ( × 7 × 25) 𝑚2
7
= 550 𝑚2

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Area of the cloth = Curved surface area of the tent

⇒ Length of the cloth × Width of the cloth = Curved surface area of the tent
𝐶𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 550
⇒ Length of the cloth = = 𝑚 = 110 𝑚
𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑡ℎ 5

Cost of 1 metre of cloth = Rs 25

Cost of 110 m of cloth = Rs (25 × 110) = Rs 2750.

Q.19. A girl empties a cylindrical bucket, full of sand, of base radius 18 cm and height 32
cm, on the floor to form a conical heap of sand. If the height of this conical heap is 24
cm, then find its slant height correct up to one place of decimal. 3 marks
Solution:

Given:
Radius (r) of the cylindrical bucket = 18 cm
Height (h) of the cylindrical bucket = 32 cm
Volume of the cylindrical bucket = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
= (𝜋 × 18 × 18 × 32) 𝑐𝑚3

Let R be the radius of the conical heap.

Height (H) of the conical heap = 24 cm
1 1
Volume of the conical heap = 𝜋𝑅 2 𝐻 = (3 𝜋𝑅 2 × 24) 𝑐𝑚3 = 8𝜋𝑅 2 𝑐𝑚3
3

According to the question:

Volume of the cylindrical bucket = Volume of the conical heap
⇒ 𝜋 × 18 × 18 × 32 = 8 × 𝜋 × 𝑅 2
18 × 18 × 32
⇒ 𝑅2 =
8
= 18 × 18 × 4 = 1296

⇒ 𝑅 = 36
Let l be the slant height of the conical heap.
∴ 𝑙2 = 𝑅2 + 𝐻2
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= 362 + 242

= 1296 + 576

= 1872

⇒ 𝑙 = 43.3
Thus, the slant height (l) of the conical heap is 43.3 cm.

Q.20. The sum of the first 7 terms of an A.P. is 63 and the sum of its next 7 terms is 161.
Find the 28th term of this A.P. 3 marks
Solution:
Let the first term of the A.P. be a and the common difference be d.
nth term of an A.P. is given by a + (n − 1)d.
∴ 7th term of the A.P. = a + 6d
8th term of the A.P. = a + 7d
14th term of the A.P. = a + 13d

Let the sum of the first seven terms of the A.P. be 𝑆1−7.
𝑛
∴ 𝑆1−7 = 2 (First term + Seventh term)
7
⇒ 𝑆1−7 = (𝑎 + 𝑎 + 6𝑑)
2
⇒ 63 = 7(𝑎 + 3𝑑)

⇒ 9 = 𝑎 + 3𝑑 . . . (1)

Let the sum of the next seven terms be 𝑆8−14 .

𝑛
∴ 𝑠8−14 = 2 (Eighth term + Fourteenth term)
7
𝑆8−14 = (𝑎 + 7𝑑 + 𝑎 + 13𝑑)
2
⇒ 161 = 7(𝑎 + 10𝑑)

⇒ 23 = 𝑎 + 10𝑑 . . . (2)
On subtracting equation (1) from equation (2), we get:
7d = 14
⇒d=2
On putting the value of d in equation (1), we get:
a=9−6=3

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Now, 28th term of the A.P. = 𝑎 + 27𝑑 = 3 + 27 × 2 = 57

Thus, the 28th term of the given A.P. is 57.

Q.21. Two ships are approaching a light-house from opposite directions. The angles of
depression of the two ships from the top of the light-house are 30° and 45°. If the
distance between the two ships is 100 m, find the height of the light-
house. [𝑼𝒔𝒆 √𝟑 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟑𝟐]. 3 marks
Solution:

Let h be the height of the light house.

Let us suppose that the distance of one of the ships from the light house is x metres. Then,
the distance of the other ship from the light house will be 100 – x metres.

In right-angled triangle ADO, we have:

𝑂𝐷 ℎ
𝑡𝑎𝑛 300 = =
𝐴𝐷 𝑥
1 ℎ
⇒ =
√3 𝑥

⇒ 𝑥 = √3ℎ . . . (1)

In right-angled triangle BDO, we have:

𝑂𝐷 ℎ
𝑡𝑎𝑛 45∘ = =
𝐵𝐷 100 − 𝑥
ℎ
⇒1 =
100 − 𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 + ℎ = 100

On putting 𝑥 = √3ℎ, we get:

√3ℎ + ℎ = 100

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⇒ ℎ(√3 + 1) = 100

100
⇒ℎ=
√3 + 1

100 (√3 − 1)
⇒ℎ= ×
(√3 + 1) (√3 − 1)

100
⇒ℎ= (√3 − 1)
2
⇒ ℎ = 36.6 (𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑥. )

Thus, the height of the light house is approximately 36.6 m.

Q.22. If 2 is a root of the quadratic equation 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝒑𝒙 − 𝟖 = 𝟎 and the quadratic equation
𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒑𝒙 + 𝒌 = 𝟎 has equal roots, find the value of k. 3 marks

Solution:

Since 2 is a root of the quadratic equation 3𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 − 8 = 0, we have:

⇒ 3(2)2 + 𝑝(2) − 8 = 0
⇒ 12 + 2𝑝 − 8 = 0
⇒ 𝑝 = −2 . . . . (𝑖)

It is given that the equation 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑝𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 has equal roots.

For roots to be equal, the discriminant of the quadratic equation should be 0.

⇒ (−2𝑝)2 − 4(4)(𝑘) = 0

⇒ 16𝑘 = 4𝑝2

𝑝2
⇒𝑘=
4
On putting the value of p, we get:
(−2)2 4
𝑘= = =1
4 4
Thus, the value of k is 1.

Q.23. Construct a triangle PQR, in which PQ = 6 cm, QR = 7 cm and PR = 8 cm. Then

𝟒
construct another triangle whose sides are 𝟓 times the corresponding sides
of ∆PQR. 3 marks

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Solution:
Steps of construction:
Step 1: Draw a ray PX.
Step 2: Take 6 cm as the radius and draw an arc from point P intersecting PX at Q.
Step 3: With Q as the centre and radius equal to 7 cm, draw an arc.
Step 4: With P as the centre and radius equal to 8 cm, draw another arc, cutting the
previously drawn arc at R.
Step 5: Draw PR and QR.

Thus, PQR is the required triangle.

Step 6: Draw any ray PY making an acute angle with PQ.

Step 7: Locate 5 points 𝑃1 , 𝑃2 , 𝑃3 , 𝑃4 and 𝑃5 on PY so that 𝑃𝑃1 = 𝑃1 𝑃2 = 𝑃2 𝑃3 =
𝑃3 𝑃4 = 𝑃4 𝑃5 .
Step 8: Draw 𝑃5 𝑄 and draw a line through 𝑃4 , which is parallel to 𝑃5 𝑄, to intersect PQ at
Q'.
Step 9: Draw a line through Q', which is parallel to line QR, to intersect PR at R'.
Thus, PQ'R' is the required triangle.

Q.24. Find the value(s) of p for which the points (p + 1, 2p − 2), (p −1, p) and (p − 3, 2p − 6)
are collinear. 3 marks
Solution:
Since the given points are collinear, the area of the triangle formed by them must be 0.
1
⇒ [𝑥1 (𝑦2 − 𝑦3 ) + 𝑥2 (𝑦3 − 𝑦1 ) + 𝑥3 (𝑦1 − 𝑦2 )] = 0
2
𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑥1 = 𝑝 + 1, 𝑦1 = 2𝑝 − 2, 𝑥2 = 𝑝 − 1, 𝑦2 = 𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥3 = 𝑝 − 3, 𝑦3 = 2𝑝 − 6

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1
∴ [(𝑝 + 1){𝑝 − (2𝑝 − 6)} + (𝑝 − 1){(2𝑝 − 6) − (2𝑝 − 2)}
2
+ (𝑝 − 3){(2𝑝 − 2) − 𝑝}] = 0
⇒ (𝑝 + 1)(−𝑝 + 6) + (𝑝 − 1)(−4) + (𝑝 − 3)(𝑝 − 2) = 0

⇒ −4𝑝 + 16 = 0

⇒ 4𝑝 = 16

⇒𝑝=4

So, the value of p is 4.

SECTION - D
Q.25. The mid-point P of the line segment joining the points A(−10, 4) and B(−2, 0) lies on
the line segment joining the points C(−9, −4) and D(−4, y). Find the ratio in which P
divides CD. Also find the value of y. 4 marks

P is the mid-point of the line segment AB.

−10−2 4+0
∴ Coordinates of point 𝑃 = ( , ) = (−6, 2)
2 2
Let P(−6, 2) divide CD internally in the ratio k:1.

Using the section formula, we get:

𝑘(−4) + (1)(−9) 𝑘(𝑦) + (1)(−4)

(−6,2) = ( , )
𝑘+1 𝑘 + 1)

−9 − 4𝑘 −4 + 𝑘𝑦
⇒ (−6,2) = ( , )
𝑘+1 𝑘+1

−9 − 4𝑘
⇒ = −6
𝑘+1

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⇒ −9 − 4𝑘 = −6𝑘 − 6
3
⇒𝑘=
2
𝑘 3
⇒ =
1 2
⇒ 𝑘 ∶ 1 = 3: 2
−4+𝑘𝑦
Also, =2
𝑘+1

Putting the value of k in the above equation, we get:

3
−4 + (2) 𝑦
=2
3
(2) + 1

−8 + 3𝑦
⇒ =2
5
⇒ −8 + 3𝑦 = 10

⇒𝑦=6
Thus, the ratio in which P divides CD is 3:2 and the value of y is 6.

Q.26. A quadrilateral is drawn to circumscribe a circle. Prove that the sums of opposite
sides are equal. 4 marks
Solution:
Let ABCD be the quadrilateral circumscribing the circle.
Let E, F, G and H be the points of contact of the quadrilateral to the circle.

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To Prove: AB + DC = AD + BC
Proof:
AB = AE + EB
AD = AH + HD
DC = DG + GC
BC = BF + FC

We have:
AE = AH (Tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal.)
Similarly, we have:
BE = BF
DH = DG
CG = CF
Now, we have:
AB + DC = AE + EB + DG + GC
= AH + BF + DH + CF
= (AH + DH) + (BF + CF)
= AD + BC
⇒ AB + DC = AD + BC
Thus, if a quadrilateral is drawn to circumscribe a circle, the sums of opposite sides are
equal.

Hence, proved.

Q.27. The angle of elevation of the top of a chimney from the foot of a tower is 60° and the
angle of depression of the foot of the chimney from the top of the tower is 30°. If the
height of the tower is 40 m, find the height of the chimney. According to pollution
control norms, the minimum height of a smoke emitting chimney should be 100 m.
State if the height of the above mentioned chimney meets the pollution norms. What
value is discussed in this question? 4 marks
Solution:
Let AB be the tower and CD be the chimney.
Height of the tower = AB = 40 m (Given)

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In right-angled ∆ABC, we have:

𝐴𝐵
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 300
𝐵𝐶
40 𝑚 1
⇒ =
𝐵𝐶 √3

⇒ 𝐵𝐶 = 40√3 𝑚 . . . (1)

In right-angled ∆BCD, we have:

𝐶𝐷
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 600
𝐵𝐶
𝐶𝐷
⇒ = √3
𝐵𝐶
⇒ 𝐶𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 × √3

⇒ 𝐶𝐷 = 40√3 × √3 𝑚 … [𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 ( 1)]

⇒ 𝐶𝐷 = 120 𝑚

Thus, the height of the chimney is 120 m.

Hence, the height of the chimney meets the pollution norms.
In this question, the management of air pollution has been shown.

Q.28. A hemispherical depression is cut out from one face of a cubical block of side 7 cm,
such that the diameter of the hemisphere is equal to the edge of the cube. Find the
𝟐𝟐
surface area of the remaining solid. [𝑼𝒔𝒆 𝝅 = ] . 4 marks
𝟕

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Solution:
For the cubical block:
Edge of the cube, a = 7 cm
For the hemisphere:
Diameter of the hemisphere = Length of a side of the cube = 7 cm
7
∴ Radius(r) of the hemisphere = 𝑐𝑚
2

Surface area of the remaining solid = Surface area of the cube − Surface area of the circle
on one of the faces of the cube + Surface area of the hemisphere
= 6𝑎2 − 𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟 2
= 6𝑎2 + 𝜋𝑟 2
22 7 7
= (6 × 72 + × × ) 𝑐𝑚2
7 2 2
= (294 + 38.5) 𝑐𝑚2
= 332.5 𝑐𝑚2
Thus, surface area of the remaining solid is = 332.5 𝑐𝑚2 .

Q.29. If 𝑺𝒏 denotes the sum of the first n terms of an A.P., prove that 𝑺𝟑𝟎 = 𝟑 (𝑺𝟐𝟎 −
𝑺𝟏𝟎 ). 4 marks

Solution:
We know that the sum of the nth term is given by:
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Here:
a = first term
d = common difference
n = number of terms in an A.P.

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We need to prove the following:

𝑆30 = 3(𝑆20 − 𝑆10 )

Considering R. H. S. , we get:

3(𝑆20 − 𝑆10 )
20 10
= 3[ {2𝑎 + (20 − 1)𝑑} − {2𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑}]
2 2
= 3[10(2𝑎 + 19𝑑) − 5(2𝑎 + 9𝑑)]
= 3[20𝑎 + 190𝑑 − 10𝑎 − 45𝑑]
= 3[10𝑎 + 145𝑑]
= 15[2𝑎 + 29𝑑]
Considering L.H.S., we get:
30
𝑆30 = [2𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑]
2
= 15[2𝑎 + 29𝑑]

L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, proved.

Q.30. A metallic bucket, open at the top, of height 24 cm is in the form of the frustum of a
cone, the radii of whose lower and upper circular ends are 7 cm and 14 cm
respectively. Find: 4 marks
(i) the volume of water which can completely fill the bucket.
(ii) the area of the metal sheet used to make the bucket.
𝟐𝟐
[𝑼𝒔𝒆 𝝅 = ]
𝟕

Solution:
Upper radius of the bucket (R) = 14 cm
Lower radius of the bucket (r) = 7 cm
Height of the bucket (h) = 24 cm

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Slant height of the bucket (𝑙) = √ℎ2 + (𝑅 − 𝑟)𝟐

= √ 242 + (14 − 7)𝟐 𝑐𝑚
= √576 + 49 𝑐𝑚
= √625 𝑐𝑚
= 25 𝑐𝑚

(i) We know that the volume of a bucket is given by:

1
𝑉 = 𝜋(𝑅 2 + 𝑅𝑟 + 𝑟 2 )ℎ
3
1
⇒ 𝑉 = { 𝜋(142 + 14 × 7 + 72 ) } 24 𝑐𝑚3
3
1 22
=( × × 343 × 24) 𝑐𝑚3
3 7
= 8624 𝑐𝑚3
Thus, the volume of water that can completely fill the bucket is 8624 𝑐𝑚3 .

(ii) To measure the area of the metal sheet used in making the bucket, we need to
find the surface area of the bucket.
Surface area of the bucket = Curved surface area of the frustum + Curved
surface area of the circular base
= 𝜋(𝑅 + 𝑟)𝑙 + 𝜋𝑟 2
22 22
= ( × (14 + 7) × 25 + × 72 ) 𝑐𝑚2
7 7
= (1650 + 154) 𝑐𝑚2
= 1804 𝑐𝑚2
Thus, the area of the metallic sheet used to make the bucket is 1804 𝑐𝑚2 .

Q31. The sum of the squares of two consecutive even numbers is 340. Find the
numbers. 4 marks
Solution:
Let the first even number be 2n and the second even number be 2n + 2.
Now, according to the question:

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(2𝑛)2 + (2𝑛 + 2)2 = 340

⇒ 4𝑛2 + 4𝑛2 + 8𝑛 + 4 = 340
⇒ 8𝑛2 + 8𝑛 − 336 = 0
⇒ 8(𝑛2 + 𝑛 − 42) = 0
⇒ 𝑛2 + 7𝑛 − 6𝑛 − 42 = 0
⇒ 𝑛(𝑛 + 7) − 6(𝑛 + 7) = 0
⇒ (𝑛 + 7)(𝑛 − 6) = 0
⇒ 𝑛 = 6 𝑜𝑟 𝑛 = −7

Now, for n = 6, we have:

First number = 2n = 2 × 6 = 12
Other number = 2n + 2 = 2 × 6 + 2 = 14

And, for n = −7, we have:

First number = 2n = 2 × (−7) = −14
Other number = 2n + 2 = 2 ×( −7) + 2 = −12

Thus, the two numbers are either 12, 14 or −14, −12.

Q.32. Prove that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through
the point of contact. 4 marks
Solution:
Let AB be a tangent to the circle with centre O. Let AB touch the circle at point P.

To prove: OP ⊥ AB
Construction: Take any arbitrary point Q on AB.
Join O and Q.
Let us say that OQ meets the circle at point R.

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Proof:

From the figure, we observe that any line segment joining the point O to a point on AB is
larger than OP.

So, in order to prove that OP ⊥ AB, it is sufficient to prove that OP is shorter than any
other segment joining O to any point on AB.

From the figure, we have:

OP = OR (Radii of the same circle)

Now, OQ = OR + RQ

⇒ OQ > OR

⇒ OQ > OP (∵ OP = OR)

⇒ OP < OQ

As Q is any arbitrary point, OP is shorter than any other line segment joining O to any
point of AB.

∴ OP ⊥ AB

Hence, the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point
of contact.

Q.33. A dice is rolled twice. Find the probability that 4 marks

(i) 5 will not come up either time.
(ii) 5 will come up exactly one time.
Solution:
Possible outcomes on rolling the dice twice are given below:
{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6),
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}

Total number of outcomes = 36

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(i) Favourable outcomes for the event that 5 will not come up either time are given
below:
{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3),
(3, 4), (3, 6), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 6)}
Total number of favourable outcomes = 25

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 25

∴ Probability of not getting 5 either time = = 36
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
(ii) Favourable outcomes for the event that 5 will come up exactly one time are given
below:
{(1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 6), (6, 5)}
Total number of favourable outcomes = 10

∴ Probability of getting 5 such that it will come up exactly one time =

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 10 5
= 36 = 18
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

Q.34. Solve for x:

𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝟏 𝟑
𝟑( )−𝟐( ) = 𝟓; 𝒙 ≠ , − .
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏 𝟑 𝟐

Solution:
3𝑥 − 1 2𝑥 + 3
3( ) − 2( ) = 5
2𝑥 + 3 3𝑥 − 1
3𝑥 − 1
𝐿𝑒𝑡 = 𝑦 . . . (1)
2𝑥 + 3
1
∴ 3𝑦 − 2 ( ) = 5
𝑦
2
⇒ 3𝑦 − 2 = 5𝑦
⇒ 3𝑦 2 − 5𝑦 − 2 = 0
⇒ 3𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 + 𝑦 − 2 = 0
⇒ 3𝑦(𝑦 − 2) + 1(𝑦 − 2) = 0
⇒ (𝑦 − 2) (3𝑦 + 1) = 0
1
⇒ 𝑦 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −
3
𝑂𝑛 𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (1), 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡:
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 2:
3𝑥 − 1
= 2
2𝑥 + 3
⇒ 3𝑥 − 1 = 2(2𝑥 + 3)

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⇒ 3𝑥 − 1 = 4𝑥 + 6
⇒ 𝑥 = −7
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = − 13:
3𝑥 − 1
= − 13
2𝑥 + 3
⇒ 3(3𝑥 − 1) = − (2𝑥 + 3)
⇒ 9𝑥 − 3 = − 2𝑥 − 3
⇒ 11𝑥 = 0
⇒𝑥 = 0
Hence, the required solutions for x are 0 and − 7.

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