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Logs & Exponential Graphs Cheat Sheet

Chapter 3 covers exponential and logarithmic functions, including their transformations and properties. It explains the relationship between exponential and logarithmic forms, as well as formulas for compound interest. Key properties of logarithms and natural logarithms are also outlined, including the change of base formula.

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219 views2 pages

Logs & Exponential Graphs Cheat Sheet

Chapter 3 covers exponential and logarithmic functions, including their transformations and properties. It explains the relationship between exponential and logarithmic forms, as well as formulas for compound interest. Key properties of logarithms and natural logarithms are also outlined, including the change of base formula.

Uploaded by

dwij
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3 Summary Sheet

Exponential Function: f (x)  a x


Exponential Growth Exponential Decay

Exponential Transformations: 1st: Shift the starting point and asymptote 2nd: Apply reflection
Reflect over the vertical line passing
Horizontal Shift Vertical Shift Reflect over the horizontal through the starting point.
asymptote.

Logarithmic Function: f (x)  log a x Important: The inverse of an exponential function is a logarithmic function.
Recall: The inverse of a function is reflected over the line y = x.
Exponential Growth
Exponential Function

Logarithmic
Function

Logarithmic Transformations: 1st: Shift the starting point and asymptote 2nd: Apply reflection
Horizontal Shift Vertical Shift Reflect over the horizontal line Reflect over the vertical
passing through the starting point. asymptote.

y   log a x

y  log a   x 
Formulas for Compound Interest Natural Base: e  2.718
nt
 r
For n compounding per year: A  P 1   For continuous compounding: A  Pe rt
 n
A: Account Balance P: Principle (Initial Investment) r: Interest Rate n: Compoundings Per Year t: Time in Years
Logarithmic Form y  loga x x  a y Exponential Form

Important Notes:
Bases are the same both in logarithmic and exponential form.

You can NOT take the log of a negative number.

The most common logarithm has base 10. If there is no base for the logarithm, then it is 10.

Natural Logarithm: ln x  loge x

Properties of Logarithms Properties of Natural Logarithms

log a 1  0 because a 0  1 ln1  0 because e0  1

log a a  1 because a1  a ln e  1 because e1  e

log a a x  x and a a  x ln e x  x and eln x  x


log x

If log a x  log a y, then x  y If ln x  ln y, then x  y

log x ln x log8 ln8


Change of Base Formula: loga x  or loga x  Ex: log5 8  
loga ln a log5 ln 5

Properties of Logarithms
Product Property log a xy  log a x  log a y
x
Quotient Property log a  log a x  log a y
y
Power Property log a x y  y log a x

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