REVISION TEST 8- Unit– 2

Current Electricity
1. A cell having an emf E and internal resistance r is connected across a variable external
resistance R. As the resistance R is increased, the plot of potential difference V across R is
given by

2. In parallel combination of n cells, we obtain

(a) more voltage
(b) more current
(c) less voltage
(d) less current

3. If n cells each of emf e and internal resistance r are connected in parallel, then the total emf
and internal resistance will be

4. In a Wheatstone bridge if the battery and galvanometer are interchanged then the deflection
in galvanometer will
(a) change in previous direction
(b) not change
(c) change in opposite direction
(d) none of these.

5. The resistivity of alloy manganin is

(a) Nearly independent of temperature
(b) Increases rapidly with increase in temperature
(c) Decreases with increase in temperature
(d) Increases rapidly with decrease in temperature

1
6. Which of the following is correct for V-I graph of a good conductor?

7. A current passes through a wire of nonuniform cross-section. Which of the following

quantities are independent of the cross-section?
(a) The charge crossing
(b) Drift velocity
(c) Current density
(d) Free-electron density

8. Drift velocity of electrons is due to

(a) motion of conduction electrons due to random collisions.
(b) motion of conduction electrons due to electric field E
(c) repulsion to the conduction electrons due to inner electrons of ions.
(d) collision of conduction electrons with each other.

9. The electric field intensity E, current density J and specific resistance k are related to each
other through the relation
(a) E = J/k
(b) E = J k
(c) E = k/J
(d) k = J E

10. The relaxation time in conductors

(a) increases with the increases of temperature
(b) decreases with the increases of temperature
(c) it does not depends on temperature
(d) all of sudden changes at 400 K

11. Emf of a cell is

(a) the maximum potential difference between the terminals of a cell when no current is
drawn from the cell.
(b) the force required to push the electrons in the circuit.
(c) the potential difference between the positive and negative terminal of a cell in a closed
circuit.
(d) less than terminal potential difference of the cell.

12. To draw a maximum current from a combination of cells, how should the cells be grouped?
(a) Parallel
(b) Series

2
 (c) Mixed grouping
(d) Depends upon the relative values of internal and external resistances.

13. A cell of internal resistance r is connected to an external resistance R. The current will be
maximum in R, if
(a) R = r (b) R < r (c) R > r (d) R = r/2

14. ASSERTION: The drift velocity of electrons in a metallic wire will decrease, if the temperature
of the wire is increased.
REASON: On increasing temperature, conductivity of metallic wire decreases.

15. ASSERTION: The current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the drift
velocity.
REASON: As the drift velocity increases the current following through the conductor
decreases.

16. ASSERTION: If the length of the conductor is doubled, the drift velocity will become half of the
original value (keeping potential difference unchanged).
REASON: At constant potential difference drift velocity is inversely proportional to the length
of the conductor.

17. ASSERTION: The 200 W bulbs glow with more brightness than 100 W bulbs.
REASON: A 100 Watt Bulb has more resistance than a 200 W bulb.

18. ASSERTION: There is net electrostatic field inside the cell. When circuit is closed and steady
current is passing.
REASON: In closed circuit electron move from negative to positive electrode.

19. ASSERTION: In order to have maximum current, a series combination of cells is used where
their internal resistance is much smaller than the external resistance.
REASON: Current flowing through the circuit is inversely proportional to that resistance.

20. The resistance is the same for two equal-length wires made of copper and manganin. What
kind of wire is thicker?

21. There are two bulbs, i.e., A, which is marked with 220V, 40W, and B, which is marked 220V,
60V. Determine which one has the higher resistance.

22. An automobile’s storage battery has an emf of 12 volts. What is the highest current that a
battery can support if its internal resistance is 0.4?

23. (a) The plot of the variation of potential difference across a combination of three identical cells
in series, versus current is as shown in the figure. What is the emf of each cell?

3
24. Deduce the relation between current density and electric field.

25 Using the concept of drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor, deduce the relationship
between current density and resistivity of the conductor.

26. Draw a plot showing the variation of resistivity of a

(i) conductor and
(ii) semiconductor, with the increase in temperature.
How does one explain this behaviour in terms of number density of charge carriers and the
relaxation time?
Answer:
(i) For conductor :
(ii) For semiconductor :

27. A wire of resistance 8R is bent in the form of a circle. What is the effective resistance between
the ends of a diameter AB?

28. Two conducting wires X and Y of same diameter across a battery. If the number density of
electro in X is twice that in Y, find the ratio of drift velocity of electrons in the two wires.

29. Show on a graph the variation of resistivity with temperature for a typical semiconductor.

30. (a) A 10 v battery of negligible internal resistance is connected across a 200 V battery and a
resistance of 38Ω as shown in the figure. Find the value of the current in circuit.

(b) The emf of a cell is always greater than its terminal voltage. Why? Give reason.

31. (a) Two identical cells, each of emf E, having negligible internal resistance, are connected in
parallel with each other across an external resistance R. What is the current through this
resistance ?
(b)Why is the terminal voltage of a cell less than its emf?
(c)Define the term ‘Mobility’ of charge carriers in a conductor. Write its S.I. unit.

32. (a)Define the term ‘electrical conductivity’ of a metallic wire. Write its S.I. unit.

4
 (b)Define the term ‘drift velocity’ of charge carriers in a conductor and write its relationship
with the current flowing through it.
(c )How does the random motion of free electrons in a conductor get affected when a potential
difference is applied across its ends?

33. (a) The plot of the variation of potential difference A across a combination of three identical
cells in series, versus current is shown along the question. What is the emf and internal
resistance of each cell?

(b) Nichrome and copper wires of same length and same radius are connected in series.
Current I is passed through them. Which wire gets heated up more? Justify your answer.

(c) Two metallic wires of the same material have the same length but cross-sectional area is in
the ratio 1 : 2. They are connected
(i) in series and
(ii) in parallel. Compare the drift velocities of electrons in the two wires in both the cases (i)
and (ii).

34. Derive an expression for the resistivity of a good conductor, in terms of the relaxation time of
electrons.

35. (a) A cell of emf ‘E’ and internal resistance V is connected across a variable resistor ‘R’. Plot a
graph showing the variation of terminal potential ‘V’ with resistance R.
Predict from the graph the condition under which ‘V’ becomes equal to ‘E’.

(b) Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor in terms of relaxation
time.

(c) Calculate the current drawn from the battery in the given network.

5
36. A cell of emf E and internal resistance r is connected to two external resistances R 1 and
R2 and a perfect ammeter. The current in the circuit is measured in four different situations:
(i) without any external resistance in the circuit
(ii) with resistance R2 only
(iii) with R1 and R2 in series combination
(iv) with R1 and R2 in parallel combination
The currents measured in the four cases are 0.42A, 1.05A, 1.4A and 4.2A, but not necessarily
in that order. Identify the currents corresponding to the four cases mentioned above.

37. (a)A wire of 15 Ω resistance is gradually stretched to double its original length. It is then cut
into two equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel across a 3.0 volt battery. Find
the current drawn from the battery.

(b) A battery of emf 10 V and internal resistance 3Ω is connected to a resistor. If the current
in the circuit is 0.5 A, find
(i) the resistance of the resistor;
(ii) the terminal voltage of the battery.

38. (a) The network PQRS, shown in the circuit diagram, has the batteries of 4 V and 5 V and
negligible internal resistance. A milliammeter of 20 Ω resistance is connected between P
and R. Calculate the reading in the milliammeter.

(b)A battery of emf E and internal resistance r when connected across an external resistance
of 12 ft, produces a current of 0.5 A. When connected across a resistance of 25 ft, it produces
a current of 0.25 A. Determine
(i) the emf and
(ii) the internal resistance of the cell.

39. (a)Explain the term ‘drift velocity’ of electrons in a conductor. Hence obtain the expression for
the current through a conductor in terms of ‘drift velocity’

(b) Draw a graph showing variation of resistivity with temperature for nichrome. Which
property of nichrome is used to make standard resistance coils?

40. (a) State Kirchhoff’s rules. Explain briefly how these rules are justified.

(b) Use Kirchhoff’s rules to determine the value of the current I1 flowing in the circuit shown
in the figure.

6
41. (a) Distinguish between emf (ε) and terminal voltage (V) of a cell having internal resistance r.

(b)A cell of emf ‘E’ and internal resistance V is connected across a variable resistor ‘R’. Plot a
graph showing variation of terminal voltage ‘V’ of the cell versus the current ‘I’. Using the plot,
show how the emf of the cell and its internal resistance can be determined.

(c)Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional
area 1.0 × 10 -7 m2 carrying a current of 1.5 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to
be 9 × 1028 m-3.

42. (a)Use Kirchhoff’s rules to obtain conditions for the balance condition in a Wheatstone bridge.

(b)Use Kirchhoff’s rules to determine the potential difference between the points A and D
when no current flows in the arm BE of the electric network shown in the figure.

(c ) Calculate the current drawn from the battery by the network of resistors shown in the
figure.

43. Two cells of emfs 1.5 V and 2.0 V having internal resistance 0.2 Ω and 0.3 Ω respectively are
connected in parallel. Calculate the emf and internal resistance of the equivalent cell.

44. A battery of emf 12V and internal resistance 2 Ω is connected to a 4 Ω resistor as shown in
the figure.
(a) Show that a voltmeter when placed across the cell and across the resistor, in turn, gives
the
(b) To record the voltage and the current in the circuit, why is voltmeter placed in parallel and
ammeter in series in the circuit?

45. The figure shows a plot of terminal voltage ‘V’ versus the current ‘i’ of a given cell. Calculate
from the graph
(a) emf of the cell and
(b) internal resistance of the cell.

7
46. A cell of emf 4 V and internal resistance 1 Ω is connected to a d.c. source of 10 V through a
resistor of 5 Ω. Calculate the terminal voltage across the cell during charging.

47. Prove that the current density of a metallic conductor is directly proportional to the drift
speed of electrons.
Or
Derive an expression for the current density of a conductor in terms of the drift speed of
electrons.

48. A number of identical cells n, each of emf e, internal resistance r connected in series are
charged by a d.c. source of emf elr using a resistor R.
(i) Draw the circuit arrangement.
(ii) Deduce the expressions for
(a) the charging current and
(b) the potential difference across the combination of the cells.

49. Define resistivity of a conductor. Plot a graph showing the variation of resistivity with
temperature for a metallic conductor. How does one explain such a behaviour, using the
mathematical expression of the resistivity of a material.

50. Write any two factors on which internal resistance of a cell depends. The reading on a high
resistance voltmeter, when a cell is connected across it, is 2.2 V. When the terminals of the
cell are also connected to a resistance of 5 Ω as shown in the circuit, the voltmeter reading
drops to 1.8 V. Find the internal resistance of the cell.

51. State Kirchhoff’s rules. Use these rules to write the expressions for the current I1 I2 and I3 in
the circuit diagram shown.

52. Define the terms

(i) drift velocity,
(ii) relaxation time.

8
 A conductor of length L is connected to a dc source of emf e. If this conductor is replaced by
another conductor of same material and same area of cross-section but of length 3L, how will
the drift velocity change?

53. Using Kirchoff’s rules determine the value of unknown resistance R into circuit so that no
current flows through 4ω resistance. Also find the potential difference between A and D.
(Delhi 2012)

54. Calculate the value of the resistance R in the circuit shown in the figure so that the current in
the circuit is 0.2 A. What would be the potential difference between points B and E?

55. Calculate the value of the resistance R in the circuit shown in the figure so that the current is
0.2 A. What would be the potential difference between points A and B?

56. Define relaxation time of the free electrons drifting in a conductor. How is it related to the
drift velocity of free electrons? Use this relation to deduce the expression for the electrical
resistivity of the material.

57. Find the relation between drift velocity and relaxation time of charge carriers in a conductor.
A conductor of length L is connected to a d,c. source of emf ‘E’. If the length of the conductor
is tripled by stretching it, keeping ‘E’ constant, explain how its drift velocity would be affected.

58. In the two electric circuits shown in the figure, determine the reading of ideal ammeter (A)
and the ideal voltmeter (V).

9
59. In the circuit shown in the figure, find the current through each resistor.

60. Figure shows a plot of current ‘I’ flowing through the cross-section 5 of a wire versus the time
‘t’. Use the plot to find the charge flowing in 10s through the wire.

61. The temperature coefficient of resistivity, for two materials A and B, are 0.0031/°C and
0.0068/ °C, respectively.
Two resistors, R1 and R2 made from materials A and B, respectively, have resistances of 200Ω
and 100Ω at 0°C. Show on a diagram, the ‘colour code’, of a carbon resistor, that would have
a resistance equal to the series combination of R1 and R2, at a temperature of 100°C.
(Neglect the ring corresponding to the tolerance of the carbon resistor)

62. A student connects a cell, of emf E2 and internal resistance r2 with a cell of emf E1 and
internal resistance r1, such that their combination has a net internal combination resistance
R. Draw a diagram of the ‘set-up’ and obtain an expression for the current flowing through
the resistance R.

63. The current is drawn from a cell of emf E and internal resistance r connected to the network
of resistors each of resistance r as shown in the figure. Obtain the expression for
(i) the current drawn from the cell and
(ii) the power consumed in the network.

64. Two cells of emf E1 and E2and internal resistance r1 and r2 respectively are connected in
parallel as shown in the figure (i) the equivalent e.m.f. of the combination, (ii) the equivalent
resistance of the combination, and (iii) the potential difference between the points A and B.

65. Derive the condition for obtaining maximum current through an external resistance
connected across a mixed grouping of cells.

10