1 9709/11/M/J/2019/Q4

y
C h, 3h
D

B
0, 2

x
O A 4, 0

The diagram shows a trapezium ABCD in which the coordinates of A, B and C are 4, 0
, 0, 2
and
h, 3h
respectively. The lines BC and AD are parallel, angle ABC = 90Å and CD is parallel to the
x-axis.

(i) Find, by calculation, the value of h. [3]

(ii) Hence find the coordinates of D [3]

9709/12/M/J/2019/Q2
2 Two points A and B have coordinates 1, 3
and 9, −1
respectively. The perpendicular bisector of
AB intersects the y-axis at the point C. Find the coordinates of C. [5]

9709/13/M/J/2019/Q7
3 The coordinates of two points A and B are 1, 3
and 9, −1
respectively and D is the mid-point of
AB. A point C has coordinates x, y
, where x and y are variables.

(i) State the coordinates of D. [1]

(ii) It is given that CD2 = 20. Write down an equation relating x and y. [1]
(iii) It is given that AC and BC are equal in length. Find an equation relating x and y and show that
it can be simplified to y = 2x − 9. [3]
(iv) Using the results from parts (ii) and (iii), and showing all necessary working, find the possible
coordinates of C. [4]

9709/12/O/N/2019/Q2
4 The point M is the mid-point of the line joining the points 3, 7
and −1, 1
. Find the equation of the
x y
line through M which is parallel to the line + = 1. [4]
3 2
5 9709/12/F/M/2019/Q10
y

1
y = 4x 2

x
O

The diagram shows the curve with equation y = 4x 2 .

1

(i) The straight line with equation y = x + 3 intersects the curve at points A and B. Find the length
of AB. [6]
(ii) The tangent to the curve at a point T is parallel to AB. Find the coordinates of T . [3]
(iii) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the normal to the curve at T with the line AB.
[3]

9709/11/M/J/2020/Q10
6 The coordinates of the points A and B are −1, −2
and 7, 4
respectively.

(a) Find the equation of the circle, C, for which AB is a diameter. [4]
(b) Find the equation of the tangent, T , to circle C at the point B. [4]
(c) Find the equation of the circle which is the reflection of circle C in the line T . [3]

9709/12/M/J/2020/Q11
7 The equation of a circle with centre C is x2 + y2 − 8x + 4y − 5 = 0.

(a) Find the radius of the circle and the coordinates of C. [3]
The point P 1, 2
lies on the circle.

(b) Show that the equation of the tangent to the circle at P is 4y = 3x + 5. [3]
The point Q also lies on the circle and PQ is parallel to the x-axis.

(c) Write down the coordinates of Q. [2]

The tangents to the circle at P and Q meet at T .

(d) Find the coordinates of T . [3]

9709/13/M/J/2020/Q10
8 (a) The coordinates of two points A and B are −7, 3
and 5, 11
respectively.
Show that the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB is 3x + 2y = 11. [4]
(b) A circle passes through A and B and its centre lies on the line 12x − 5y = 70.

Find an equation of the circle. [5]

9 9709/11/O/N/2020/Q9

The diagram shows a circle with centre A passing through the point B. A second circle has centre B
and passes through A. The tangent at B to the first circle intersects the second circle at C and D.

The coordinates of A are −1, 4
and the coordinates of B are 3, 2
.

(a) Find the equation of the tangent CBD. [2]

(b) Find an equation of the circle with centre B. [3]
(c) Find, by calculation, the x-coordinates of C and D.
[3]
9709/13/O/N/2020/Q11
10 A circle with centre C has equation x − 8
2 + y − 4
2 = 100.

(a) Show that the point T −6, 6
is outside the circle. [3]
Two tangents from T to the circle are drawn.

(b) Show that the angle between one of the tangents and CT is exactly 45Å. [2]
The two tangents touch the circle at A and B.

(c) Find the equation of the line AB, giving your answer in the form y = mx + c. [4]
(d) Find the x-coordinates of A and B. [3]

9709/12/O/N/2020/Q9
11 A circle has centre at the point B 5, 1
. The point A −1, −2
lies on the circle.

(a) Find the equation of the circle. [3]

Point C is such that AC is a diameter of the circle. Point D has coordinates 5, 16
.

(b) Show that DC is a tangent to the circle. [4]

The other tangent from D to the circle touches the circle at E.

(c) Find the coordinates of E. [2]

9709/12/F/M/2020/Q12
12 A diameter of a circle C1 has end-points at −3, −5
and 7, 3
.

(a) Find an equation of the circle C1 . [3]

 y

C2
R
C1

x
O

@ A
8
The circle C1 is translated by to give circle C2 , as shown in the diagram.
4

(b) Find an equation of the circle C2 . [2]

The two circles intersect at points R and S.

(c) Show that the equation of the line RS is y = −2x + 13. [4]

(d) Hence show that the x-coordinates of R and S satisfy the equation 5x2 − 60x + 159 = 0. [2]

9709/11/M/J/2021/Q10
13 The equation of a circle is x2 + y2 − 4x + 6y − 77 = 0.

(a) Find the x-coordinates of the points A and B where the circle intersects the x-axis. [2]
(b) Find the point of intersection of the tangents to the circle at A and B. [6]

9709/12/M/J/2021/Q3 
14 The equation of a curve is y = x − 3
x + 1 + 3. The following points lie on the curve. Non-exact
values are rounded to 4 decimal places.
A 2, k
B 2.9, 2.8025
C 2.99, 2.9800
D 2.999, 2.9980
E 3, 3

(a) Find k, giving your answer correct to 4 decimal places. [1]

(b) Find the gradient of AE, giving your answer correct to 4 decimal places. [1]
The gradients of BE, CE and DE , rounded to 4 decimal places, are 1.9748, 1.9975 and 1.9997
respectively.

(c) State, giving a reason for your answer, what the values of the four gradients suggest about the
gradient of the curve at the point E. [2]

9709/12/M/J/2021/Q6
15 Points A and B have coordinates 8, 3
and p, q
respectively. The equation of the perpendicular
bisector of AB is y = −2x + 4.

Find the values of p and q. [4]

9709/12/M/J/2021/Q7
16 The point A has coordinates 1, 5
and the line l has gradient − 23 and passes through A. A circle has

centre 5, 11
and radius 52.

(a) Show that l is the tangent to the circle at A. [2]

 
(b) Find the equation of the other circle of radius 52 for which l is also the tangent at A. [3]

9709/13/M/J/2021/Q10
17 Points A −2, 3
, B 3, 0
and C 6, 5
lie on the circumference of a circle with centre D.

(a) Show that angle ABC = 90Å. [2]

(b) Hence state the coordinates of D. [1]
(c) Find an equation of the circle. [2]
The point E lies on the circumference of the circle such that BE is a diameter.

(d) Find an equation of the tangent to the circle at E. [5]

9709/11/O/N/2021/Q7
18 A
circle
with
centre 5,
2

passes
through
the
point 7,
5
.

[2]
(a)
Find
an
equation
of
the
circle.
The line y = 5x − 10 intersects the circle at A and B.

(b) Find the exact length of the chord AB. [7]

19 9709/12/O/N/2021/Q12
y

B
P

A
x
O

The diagram shows the circle with equation x2 + y2 − 6x + 4y − 27 = 0 and the tangent to the circle at
the point P 5, 4
.

(a) The tangent to the circle at P meets the x-axis at A and the y-axis at B.

Find the area of triangle OAB, where O is the origin. [5]

(b) Points Q and R also lie on the circle, such that PQR is an equilateral triangle.

Find the exact area of triangle PQR. [3]

9709/13/O/N/2021/Q9
20 The
line
y
=
2x
+
5
intersects
the
circle
with
equation
x2
+
y2
=
20
at
A
and
B.

(a)
Find
the
coordinates
of
A
and
B
in
surd
form
and
hence
find
the
exact
length
of
the
chord
AB.
[7]
A straight line through the point 10, 0
with gradient m is a tangent to the circle.

(b) Find the two possible values of m. [5]

9709/12/F/M/2021/Q8
21 The points A 7, 1
, B 7, 9
and C 1, 9
are on the circumference of a circle.

(a) Find an equation of the circle. [5]

(b) Find an equation of the tangent to the circle at B. [2]

9709/11/M/J/2022/Q9
22 The
equation
of
a
circle
is
x2
+
y2
+
6x
−
2y
−
26
=
0.

(a)
Find
the
coordinates
of
the
centre
of
the
circle
and
the
radius.
Hence
find
the
coordinates
of
the

lowest
point
on
the
circle.
[4]
(b) Find the set of values of the constant k for which the line with equation y = kx − 5 intersects the
circle at two distinct points. [6]

9709/12/M/J/2022/Q8
23 The equation of a circle is x2 + y2 + ax + by − 12 = 0. The points A 1, 1
and B 2, −6
lie on the
circle.

(a) Find the values of a and b and hence find the coordinates of the centre of the circle. [4]
(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the circle at the point A, giving your answer in the form
px + qy = k, where p, q and k are integers. [4]
24 9709/13/M/J/2022/Q7
y

B 0, 2

O P
x

x − 2
2 + y + 4
2 = 20

The diagram shows the circle with equation x − 2
2 + y + 4
2 = 20 and with centre C. The point B
has coordinates 0, 2
and the line segment BC intersects the circle at P.

(a) Find the equation of BC. [2]

(b) Hence find the coordinates of P, giving your answer in exact form. [5]
25 9709/11/O/N/2022/Q11
y

A 0, 10

B C

D x
O

x2 + y2 = 20

The diagram shows the circle with equation x2 + y2 = 20. Tangents touching the circle at points B and
C pass through the point A 0, 10
.

(a) By letting the equation of a tangent be y = mx + 10, find the two possible values of m. [4]
(b) Find the coordinates of B and C. [3]
The point D is where the circle crosses the positive x-axis.

(c) Find angle BDC in degrees. [3]

9709/12/O/N/2022/Q1
26 Points
A
and
B
have
coordinates 5,
2

and 10,
−1

respectively.

[3]
(a)
Find
the
equation
of
the
perpendicular
bisector
of
AB.
(b) Find the equation of the circle with centre A which passes through B. [3]

9709/13/O/N/2022/Q11
27 The coordinates of points A, B and C are A 5, −2
, B 10, 3
and C 2p, p
, where p is a constant.

(a) Given that AC and BC are equal in length, find the value of the fraction p. [3]

(b) It is now given instead that AC is perpendicular to BC and that p is an integer.

(i) Find the value of p. [4]
(ii) Find the equation of the circle which passes through A, B and C, giving your answer in the
form x2 + y2 + ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are constants. [4]
28 9709/12/F/M/2022/Q6
y

y = 3x − 20
x + 1
2 + y − 2
2 = 85

A
C
x
O

The circle with equation x + 1
2 + y − 2
2 = 85 and the straight line with equation y = 3x − 20 are
shown in the diagram. The line intersects the circle at A and B, and the centre of the circle is at C.

(a) Find, by calculation, the coordinates of A and B. [4]

(b) Find an equation of the circle which has its centre at C and for which the line with equation
y = 3x − 20 is a tangent to the circle. [4]
y
29 9709/11/M/J/2023/Q12

x
O

The diagram shows a circle P with centre 0, 2
and radius 10 and the tangent to the circle at the
point A with coordinates 6, 10
. It also shows a second circle Q with centre at the point where this
5
tangent meets the y-axis and with radius 2 5

(a) Write down the equation of circle P. [1]

(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the circle P at A. [2]
(c) Find the equation of circle Q and hence verify that the y-coordinates of both of the points of
intersection of the two circles are 11. [3]
(d) Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of the tangent and circle Q, giving the answers
in surd form. [3]
9709/12/M/J/2023/Q10
30 The equation of a circle is x − a
2 + y − 3
2 = 20. The line y = 12 x + 6 is a tangent to the circle at the
point P.

(a) Show that one possible value of a is 4 and find the other possible value. [5]
(b) For a = 4, find the equation of the normal to the circle at P. [4]
(c) For a = 4, find the equations of the two tangents to the circle which are parallel to the normal
found in (b). [4]

9709/13/M/J/2023/Q5
31 A circle has equation x − 1
2 + y + 4
2 = 40. A line with equation y = x − 9 intersects the circle at
points A and B.

(a) Find the coordinates of the two points of intersection. [4]

(b) Find an equation of the circle with diameter AB. [3]
32 9709/11/O/N/2023/Q11
y
x − 4
2 + y + 1
2 = 40
A

x
O

The diagram shows the circle with equation x − 4
2 + y + 1
2 = 40. Parallel tangents, each with
gradient 1, touch the circle at points A and B.

(a) Find the equation of the line AB, giving the answer in the form y = mx + c. [3]
(b) Find the coordinates of A, giving each coordinate in surd form. [4]
(c) Find the equation of the tangent at A, giving the answer in the form y = mx + c, where c is in
surd form. [2]

9709/12/O/N/2023/Q11
33 The coordinates of points A, B and C are 6, 4
, p, 7
and 14, 18
respectively, where p is a constant.
The line AB is perpendicular to the line BC.

(a) Given that p < 10, find the value of p. [4]

A circle passes through the points A, B and C.

(b) Find the equation of the circle. [3]

(c) Find the equation of the tangent to the circle at C, giving the answer in the form dx + ey + f = 0,
where d , e and f are integers. [3]

9709/13/O/N/2023/Q2
34 The circle with equation x − 3
2 + y − 5
2 = 40 intersects the y-axis at points A and B.

(a) Find the y-coordinates of A and B, expressing your answers in terms of surds. [2]
(b) Find the equation of the circle which has AB as its diameter. [2]
9709/12/F/M/2023/Q5
35 Points
A 7,
12

and
B
lie
on
a
circle
with
centre −2,
5
.
The
line
AB
has
equation
y
=
−2x
+
26.

Find
the
coordinates
of
B. [6]
Question Answer Marks Guidance

1(i) Grad ofi AB = −½ → Gradient of BC = 2 M1 Use of m1.m2 = −1 for correct lines

3h − 2 M1 Uses normal line equation or gradients for h.

Forms equation in h =2
h

h=2 A1

Alternative method for question 4(i)

Vectors AB.BC=0 M1 Use of vectors AB and BC

Solving M1

h=2 A1

Alternative method for question 4(i)

Use of Pythagoras to find 3 lengths M1

Solving M1

h=2 A1

1(ii) y coordinate of D is 6, (3 × ‘their’ h) B1 FT

6−0
= 2 → x = 7 → D (7, 6)
x−4

Vectors: AD.AB=0 M1 A1 Must use y = 6

Realises the y values of C and D are equal.
Uses gradient or line equation to find x.

3
Question Answer Marks Guidance

2 Midpoi t of AB is (5, 1) B1  10 2 
Can be seen in working, accept  ,  .
 2 2

mAB = −½ oe B1

C to (5, 1) has gradient 2 *M1 Use of m1× m2 = −1.

Forming equation of line (y = 2x − 9) DM1 Using their perpendicular gradient and their
midpoint to form the equation.

C (0, −9) or y = −9 A1

Question Answer Marks Guidance

3(i) D = (5, 1) B1

3(ii) ( x − 5)
2
+ ( y − 1) = 20 oe
2 B1 FT on their D.
Apply ISW, oe but not to contain square roots

1
Question Answer Marks Guidance

3(iii) ( x − 1)
2
+ ( y − 3) = ( 9 − x ) + ( y + 1) soi
2 2 2 M1 Allow 1 sign slip
For M1 allow with √ signs round both sides but sides must be
equated

x 2 − 2 x + 1 + y 2 − 6 y + 9 = x 2 −18 x + 81 + y 2 + 2 y + 1 A1

y = 2 x − 9 www AG A1

Alternative method for question 7(iii)

−1 M1
grad. of AB = ‒½ → grad of perp bisector =
−½

Equation of perp. bisector is y − 1 = 2 ( x − 5 ) A1

y = 2 x − 9 www AG A1

3
3(iv) Eliminate y (or x) using equations in (ii) and (iii) *M1 To give an (unsimplified) quadratic equation

5x2 ‒50x + 105 (= 0) or 5(x‒5)2 = 20 or 5y2‒10y‒75 (= 0) or DM1 Simplify to one of the forms shown on the right (allow arithmetic
5(y‒1)2 = 80 slips)

x = 3 and 7, or y = ‒3 and 5 A1

(3, ‒3), (7, 5) A1 Both pairs of x & y correct implies A1A1.

SC B2 for no working

Question Answer Marks Guidance

4 Attempt to find the midpoint M M1

(1, 4) A1

Use a gradient of ±⅔ and their M to find the equation of the line. M1

Equation is y – 4 = −⅔(x – 1) A1 AEF

Alternative method for question 2

Attempt to find the midpoint M M1

(1, 4) A1

Replace 1 in the given equation by c and substitute their M M1

Equation is y – 4 = −⅔(x – 1) A1 AEF

4
Question Answer Marks Guidance

5(i) 4 x1/ 2 = x + 3→ M1 Eliminate y from the 2 equations and then:

( x1/ 2 ) 2 − 4 x1/2 + 3 ( = 0 ) OR 16 x = x 2 + 6 x + 9 Either treat as quad in x1/ 2 OR square both sides and
RHS is 3-term

x1/ 2 = 1or 3 x 2 −10 x + 9 ( = 0 ) A1 If in 1st method x1/ 2 becomes x, allow only M1 unless
subsequently squared

x = 1 or 9 A1

y = 4 or12 A1ft Ft from their x values

If the 2 solutions are found by trial substitution B1 for
the first coordinate and B3 for the second coordinate

AB 2 = ( 9 − 1) + (12 − 4 ) M1
2 2

AB = 128 or 8 2 oe or 11.3 A1

5(ii) dy/dx = 2 x −1/ 2 B1

2 x −1/ 2 = 1 M1 Set their derivative = their gradient of AB and attempt

to solve

(4, 8) A1 Alternative method without calculus:

MAB = 1, tangent is y = mx + c where m = 1 and meets
y = 4x1/2 when 4x1/2 = x + c. This is a quadratic with
b2 = 4ac, so 16 – 4 × 1 × = 0 so c = 4 B1 Solving
4x1/2 = x + 4 gives x = 4 and y = 8 M1A1

Question Answer Marks Guidance

5(iii) Equation of normal is y − 8 = −1( x − 4 ) M1 Equation through their T and with gradient ‒1/their
gradient of AB. Expect y = − x + 12 ,

Eliminate y (or x) → −x + 12 = x + 3 or y − 3 = 12 − y M1 May use their equation of AB

(4½, 7½) A1

3
Question Answer Marks

6(a) Centre is (3, 1) B1

Radius = 5 (Pythagoras) B1

Equation of C is ( x − 3) + ( y − 1) = 25
2 2 M1
A1FT
(FT on their centre)

6(b) Gradient from (3, 1) to (7, 4) = ¾ (this is the normal) B1

4 M1
Gradient of tangent = −
3

4 M1A1
Equation is y − 4 = − ( x − 7 ) or 3 y + 4 x = 40
3

6(c) B is centre of line joining centres → (11, 7) B1

Radius = 5 M1
New equation is ( x − 11) + ( y − 7 ) = 25
2 2 A1FT
(FT on coordinates of B)

7(a) Express as ( x − 4 ) ² + ( y + 2 ) = 16 + 4 + 5
2 M1

Centre C(4, −2) A1

Radius = 25 = 5 A1

3
 7(b) 4 B1FT
P(1,2) to C(4, − 2) has gradient −
3
(FT on coordinates of C)

3 M1
Tangent at P has gradient =
4

3 A1
Equation is y − 2 = ( x − 1) or 4y = 3x + 5
4

7(c) Q has the same coordinate as P y = 2 B1

Q is as far to the right of C as P x = 3 + 3 + 1 = 7 Q (7, 2) B1

7(d) 3 B1FT
Gradient of tangent at Q = − by symmetry
4
(FT from part (b))

3 M1
Eqn of tangent at Q is y − 2 = − ( x − 7 ) or 4y + 3x = 29
4

17 A1
T (4, )
4

8(a) Mid- is (‒1, 7) B1

Gradient, m, of AB is 8/12 OE B1

12 M1
y−7 =− ( x + 1)
8

3 x + 2 y = 11 AG A1

4
8(b) Solve simultaneously 12 x − 5 y = 70 and their 3 x + 2 y = 11 M1

x = 5, y = −2 A1

Attempt to find distance between their (5, ‒2) and either (‒7,3) or (5, 11) M1

A1
(r ) = 122 + 52 or 132 + 0 = 13

Equation of circle is ( x − 5)2 + ( y + 2 )2 = 169 A1

9(a) 4−2 1 B1
mAB = =−
−1 − 3 2

B1 FT 1
Equation of tangent is y − 2 = 2 ( x − 3) (3, 2) with their gradient −
mAB

9(b) AB 2 = 42 + 2 2 = 20 or r 2 = 20 or r = 20 or AB = 20 B1

Equation of circle centre B is ( x − 3) + ( y − 2 ) = 20

2 2 M1 A1 FT their 20 for M1

9(c) ( x − 3)2 + ( 2 x − 6 )2 = their 20 M1 Substitute their y − 2 = 2 x − 6 into their circle, centre B

5 x 2 − 30 x + 25 = 0 or 5 ( x − 3) = 20
2 A1

( 5)( x − 5)( x − 1) or x − 3 = ±2  x = 5, 1 A1

10(a) ( −6 − 8)
2
+ ( 6 − 4)
2 M1 OE

= 200 A1

200 > 10, hence outside circle A1 AG (‘Shown’ not sufficient). Accept equivalents of 200 > 10
 10(b)  their 10  M1 Allow decimals for 10√2 at this stage. If cosine used, angle ACT
angle = sin −1   or BCT must be identified, or implied by use of 90°‒ 45°.
 their 10 2 

1 2 10 10 A1 AG Do not allow decimals

angle = sin −1 ( or or or ) = 45º
2 2 10 2 200

Alternative method for question 11(b)

2 M1
(10 2) = 10 2 + TA2

TA = 10 → 45º A1 AG

10(c) 1 B1 OE
Gradient, m, of CT = −
7

Attempt to find mid-point (M) of CT *M1 Expect (1, 5)

Equation of AB is y − 5 = 7 ( x − 1) DM1 1
Through their (1, 5) with gradient −
m

y = 7x − 2 A1

10(d) ( x − 8)
2
+ ( 7 x − 2 − 4 ) = 100 or equivalent in terms of y
2 M1 Substitute their equation of AB into equation of circle.

50 x 2 − 100 x ( = 0 ) A1

x = 0 and 2 A1 WWW

Alternative method for question 11(d)

7 M1
MC =  
 −1

 1   −1   0  1 1  2  A1
 + =  ,  + = 
5 − 7
      − 2  5   7   12 

x = 0 and 2 A1

11(a)
r= (6 2
)
+ 32 or r² = 45
B1 Sight of r = 6.7 implies B1

(x − 5)² + (y − 1)² = r² or x 2 − 10 x + y 2 − 2 y = r 2 − 26 M1 Using centre given and their radius or r in correct formula

(x − 5)² + (y − 1)² = 45 or x 2 − 10 x + y 2 − 2 y = 19 A1
( )
2
Do not allow 45 for r 2

3
11(b) C has coordinates (11, 4) B1

0.5 B1 OE, Gradient of AB, BC or AC.

Grad of CD = −2 M1 Calculation of gradient needs to be shown for this M1.

1 A1 Clear reasoning needed.

( × −2 = −1 ) then states + perpendicular → hence shown or tangent
2

Alternative method for question 9(b)

C has coordinates (11, 4) B1

0.5 B1 OE, Gradient of AB, BC or AC.

Gradient of the perpendicular is −2 M1 Use of m1m2 = −1 with their gradient of AB, BC or AC and
→ Equation of the perpendicular is y − 4 = −2 ( x − 11) correct method for the equation of the perpendicular.
Could use D(5, 16) instead of C(11,4).

Checks D(5, 16) or checks gradient of CD and then states A1 Clear check and reasoning needed. Checks that the other
D lies on the line or CD has gradient −2→ hence shown or tangent point lies on the line or checks gradient.

12(a) Centre = (2, ‒1) B1

2 2 M1 1
 − ( −3)  +  −1 − ( −5)  [ 2 − 7] + [ −1 − 3]
2 2
r 2 = 2 or OE OR ( −3 − 7 )2 + ( −5 − 3)2  OE
2 

( x − 2)
2
+ ( y + 1) = 41
2 A1 Must not involve surd form
SCB3 ( x + 3) ( x − 7 ) + ( y + 5 ) ( y − 3) = 0

12(b) 8 B1FT SOI

Centre = their (2, ‒1) +   = (10, 3) FT on their (2, ‒1)
 4

( x − 10)
2
+ ( y − 3) = their 41
2 B1FT FT on their 41 even if in surd form
SCB2 ( x − 5 ) ( x − 15 ) + ( y +1)( y − 7 ) = 0

2
 12(c) 4 B1
Gradient m of line joining centres = OE
8

Attempt to find mid-point of line. M1 Expect (6, 1)

Equation of RS is y − 1 = −2 ( x − 6 ) M1 −1
Through their (6, 1) with gradient
m

y = −2 x + 13 A1 AG

Alternative method for question 12(c)

( x − 2)
2
+ ( y + 1) − 41 = ( x − 10 ) + ( y − 3) − 41 OE
2 2 2 M1

x 2 − 4 x + 4 + y 2 + 2 y +1 = x 2 − 20 x +100 + y 2 − 6 y + 9 OE A1 Condone 1 error or errors caused by 1 error in the first line

16 x + 8 y = 104 A1

y = −2 x + 13 A1 AG

12(d) ( x − 10)
2
+ ( −2 x + 13 − 3) = 41
2 M1 Or eliminate y between C1 and C2

x 2 − 20 x + 100 + 4 x 2 − 40 x + 100 = 41 → 5x 2 − 60 x + 159 = 0 A1 AG

Question Answer Marks Guidance

13(a) When y = 0 x2 − 4 x − 77 = 0 [⇒ ( x + 7 ) ( x − 11) = 0 or ( x − 2 ) = 81 ]

2 M1 Substituting y = 0

So x-coordinates are −7 and 11 A1

2
13(b) Centre of circle C is (2, −3) B1

1 1 M1 For either gradient (M1 sign error,

Gradient of AC is − or Gradient of BC is M0 if x-coordinate(s) in numerator)
3 3

Gradient of tangent at A is 3 or Gradient of tangent at B is −3 M1 For either perpendicular gradient

Equations of tangents are y = 3x + 21, y = −3x + 33 A1 For either equation

Meet when 3x + 21 = −3x + 33 M1 OR: (centre of circle has x coordinate 2) so x

coordinate of point of intersection is 2

Coordinates of point of intersection (2, 27) A1

Alternative method for Question 10(b)

dy B1
Implicit differentiation: 2 y seen
dx

dy dy M1 Fully differentiated = 0 with at least one term

2x − 4 + 2 y +6 =0
dx dx involving y differentiated correctly

Gradient of tangent at A is 3 or Gradient of tangent at B is −3 M1 For either gradient

Equations of tangents are y = 3x + 21, y = −3x + 33 A1 For either equation

Meet when 3x + 21 = −3x + 33 M1 OR: (centre of circle has x coordinate 2) so x

coordinate of point of intersection is 2

Coordinates of point of intersection (2, 27) A1

14 (a) 79 B1 AWRT. ISW if correct answer seen. 3 – 3 scores B0

14(b) 1.7321 B1 AWRT. ISW if correct answer seen.

14(c) Sight of 2 or 2.0000 or two in reference to the gradient *B1

This is because the gradient at E is the limit of the gradients of the DB1 Allow it gets nearer/approaches/tends/almost/approximately 2
chords as the x-value tends to 3 or ꝺx tends to 0.

2
15 1 B1 SO
Gradient AB =
2

1 *M Equating given perpendicular bisector with the line through

Lines meet when −2 x + 4 = ( x − 8) + 3 (8, 3) using their gradient of AB (but not -2) and solving.
2
Solving as far as x = Expect x = 2, y = 0.

Using mid-point to get as far as p = or q = DM1 8+ p 3+ q

Expect = 2 or =0
2 2

p = −4, q = −3 A1 Allow coordinates of B are (−4, −3).

Alternative method for Question 6

1 B
B11 SO
Gradient AB =
2

q−3 1 *M1 Equating gradient of AB with their gradient of AB (but not -2) and
= [leading to 2q = p − 2] , using mid-point in equation of perpendicular bisector.
p −8 2
q+3 8+ p 
= −2  +4 [leading to q = −11− 2 p ]
2  2 

Solving simultaneously their 2 linear equations DM1 Equating and solving 2 correct equations as far as p = or q = .

p = −4, q = −3 A1 Allow coordinates of B are (−4, −3).

15 Alternative method for Question 6

1 B1
Gradient AB =
2

q −3 1 *M1 Equating gradient of AB with their gradient of AB (but not -2) and
= [leading to p = 2q + 2] , using mid-point in equation of perpendicular bisector.
p −8 2
q+3  5q + 23 
y− = −2 ( x − ( q + 5 ) ) leading to y = −2 x + 2 
2  

5q + 23 DM1 Equating and solving as far as q or p =

their =4q =
2

p = −4, q = −3 A1 Allow coordinates of B are (−4, −3).

4
16(a) 11− 5 M1 For substituting (1,5) into circle equation or showing
(5 – 1)2 + (11 – 5)2 = 52 or
5 −1 3
gradient = .
2

For both circle equation and gradient, and proving line is A1 Clea reasoning.
perpendicular and stating that A lies on the circle

Alternative method for Question 7(a)

2 M1 Both equations seen and attempt to solve.

( x − 5) + ( y − 11) = 52 and y − 5 = − ( x − 1)
2 2

3 2 17
May see y = − x +
3 3

Solving simultaneously to obtain (y – 5)2 = 0 or (x – 1)2 = 0 ⇒ 1 A1 Clear reasoning.

root or tangent or discriminant = 0 ⇒ 1 root or tangent

Alternative method for Question 7(a)

dy 10 − 2 x 10 − 2 M1 Attempting implicit differentiation of circle equation and

= = substitute x = 1 and y = 5.
dx 2 y − 22 10 − 22

2 A1 Clea reasoning.
Showing gradient of circle at A is −
3

16(b) Centre is (−3, −1)) B B1 B1 for each correct co-ordinate.

Equation is (x + 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 52 B1 FT FT their centre, but not if either (1, 5) or (5, 11). Do not accept
522 .

17(a) 3 5 M1 Attempting to find required gradients, sides or

Gradient of AB = − , gradient of BC = or lengths of all 3 sides or vectors vectors
5 3
 
mab mbc = −1 or Pythagoras or AB.BC =0 or cos ABC = 0 from cosine rule A1 WWW

17(b) Centre = mid-point of AC = (2,4) B1

1
17(c) ( x − their x c )
2
+ ( y − their yc )  = r 2  or ( their xc − x ) + ( their yc − y ) =  r 2 
2 2 2 M1 Use of circle equation with their centre

( x − 2 )2 + ( y − 4 )2 = 17 A1 Accept x 2 − 4 x + y 2 − 8 y + 3 = 0 OE

17(d)  x+3 y+0  −1  M1 Use of mid-point formula, vectors, steps on a

 ,  = ( 2, 4 ) or BE = 2BD = 2  4  diagram
 2 2   
Or Equation of BE is y = −4 ( x − 3) or y − 4 = −4 ( x − 2 ) leading to y = −4 x + 12 May be seen to find x coordinate at E
Substitute equation of BE into circle and form a 3-term quadratic.

 3   −2   1  A1 E = (1, 8)
( x, y ) = (1,8) or OE =   +   =   Accept without working for both marks SC B2
 0  8  8

1 B1 Or gradient of BE = -4
Gradient of BD, m, = ‒4 or gradient AC = = gradient of tangent
4

Equation of tangent is y − 8 = ¼ ( x − 1) OE M1 A1 For M1, equation through their E or (1, 8) (not,

−1
A, B or C) and with gradient
their − 4

18(a) r 2  = ( 5 − 2 ) + ( 7 − 5)  =13
2 2 B1 r 2 = 13 or r = 13
 

Equation of circle is ( x − 5) + ( y − 2 ) =13

2 2 B1 FT OE. FT on their 13 but LHS must be correct.

2
18(b) ( x − 5)2 + ( 5x −10 − 2 )2 =13 M1 Substitute y = 5 x − 10 into their equation.

26 x 2 − 130 x +156 [ = 0] A1 FT OE 3-term quadratic with all terms on one side.

FT on their circle equation.

[ 26] ( x − 2) ( x − 3) [ = 0] M1 Solve 3-term quadratic in x by factorising, using formula or

completing the square. Factors must expand to give their
coefficient of x2.

(2, 0), (3, 5) A1 A1 Coordinates must be clearly paired; A1 for each correct
point. A1 A0 available if two x or y values only.
If M0 for solving quadratic, SC B2 can be awarded for
correct coordinates, SC B1 if two x or y values only.

( AB )2 = ( 3 − 2)2 + ( 5 − 0 )2 M1 SOI. Using their points to find length of AB.

AB = 26 A1 ISW. Dependent on final M1 only.

18(b) Alternative method for question 7(b)

 y + 10 
2 M1 y + 10
− 5  + ( y − 2 ) = 13
2
Substitute x = into their equation.
 5
 5 

26 y 2 26 y A1 FT OE 2-term quadratic with all terms on one side. FT on their

− [ = 0] circle equation.
25 5

[ 26] y ( y − 5) [ = 0] M1 Solve 2-term quadratic in y by factorising, using formula or

completing the square. Factors must expand to give their
coefficient of y2.

(2, 0), (3, 5) A1 A1 Coordinates must be clearly paired; A1 for each correct
point. A1 A0 available if two x or y values only.
If M0 for solving quadratic, SC B2 can be awarded for
correct coordinates, SC B1 if two x or y values only.

( AB )2 = ( 3 − 2)2 + ( 5 − 0 )2 M1 SOI. Using their points to find length of AB.

AB = 26 A1 ISW. Dependent on final M1 only.

7
19(a) Centre is (3, – 2) B1

( their −2 ) − 4 [= *M1 Finding gradient using their centre (not (0, 0)) and P (5,4).
Gradient of radius = 3]
( their 3) − 5
1 DM1 Using P and the negative reciprocal of their gradient to find
Equation of tangent y − 4 = − ( x − 5) the equation of AB.
3

17 A1
Sight of [x =]17 and [y =]
3

 1 17  289 A1 1
Or 48 or AWRT 48.2.
 Area = 2 × 3 ×17 =  6 6
 

Alternative method for question 12(a)

dy dy B1
2x + 2 y −6+4 =0
dx dx

dy dy  dy 1 *M1 Find the gradient using P (5,4) in their implicit differential

At P: 10 + 8 − 6 + 4 = 0  = −  (with at least one correctly differentiated y term).
dx dx  dx 3

1 DM1 Using P and their value for the gradient to find the equation
Equation of tangent y − 4 = − ( x − 5) of AB.
3

17 A1
Sight of [x =]17 and [y =]
3

 1 17  289 A1 1
Or 48 or AWRT 48.2.
 Area = 2 × 3 ×17 =  6 6
 

19(a) Alternative method for question 12(a)

cont’d
 1
 dy 1 B1 OE. Correct differentiation of rearranged equation.
(
 y = −2 ± 40 − ( x − 3)
2
) 2
OE leading to  (
= ( 3 − x ) 31 + 6 x − x 2 )
−
2
  dx

1 *M1 Find the gradient using x = 5 in their differential (with clear

dy
( )  dy 1
−
= ( 3 − 5 ) 31+ 6 ( 5 ) − ( 5 )
2
 dx = − 3 
2
use of chain rule).
dx  

1 DM1 Using P and their value for the gradient to find the equation
Equation of tangent y − 4 = − ( x − 5) of AB.
3
 17
Sight of [x =]17 and [y =]
3

 1 17  289 A1 1
Or 48 or AWRT 48.2.
 Area = 2 × 3 ×17 =  6 6
 

19(b) Radius of circle = 40 , B1 Or 2 10 or 6.32 AWRT or r 2 = 40 .

1  1 3 M1 1 2
Area of ∆CRQ = × (their r ) 2 sin120  = × 40 ×  Using r sinθ with their r and 120 or 60 [ ×3 ]
2
2  2 2 
OR 1
1  1  Using ×base ×height in a correct right-angled triangle
Area of ∆CQX = × 40cos30 × 40cos60 OE  = × 30 × 10  2
2  2  [ ×6 ].
OR
π
Area of circle ‒ 3× Area of segment = 40π ‒ 3 × (40 ‒ 10 3)
3
OR
1
QR = 120 or 2 30 and area = QR 2 sin60 Use of cosine rule and area of large triangle
2

30 3 A1 AWRT 52[.0] implies B1M1A0.

3 See diagram for points stated in ‘Answer’ column.

X
20(a)
Express as  x 32   y 12 26  9 1  36 M1 Completing the square on x and y or using the form
x2  y2 2gx 2fyc0, centre  g,f  and radius

g2  f 2  c .
SOI by correct answer.

Centre (−3, 1) B1

Radius 6 B1

So lowest point is (−3, −5) A1 FT FT on their centre and their radius.

20(b) Intersects when x 2   kx  5  6 x  2  kx  5  26  0

2 *M1 Substituting y  kx  5 into their circle equation or
rearranging and equating y.
or  x  3   kx  5  1  36
2 2

x 2  k 2 x 2  10kx  25  6 x  2kx  10  26  0 DM1 Rearranging to 3-term quadratic (terms grouped, all on

one side). Allow 1 error.
or x 2  6 x  9  k 2 x 2  12kx  36  36
A1 Correct quadratic (need to see 9 as constant term).
 
leading to k 2 x 2  x 2  6 x  12kx  9   0 or k 2  1 x 2   6  12k  x  9   0

 6 12k 
2
 
 4 k 2  1  9 [ 0] DM1 Using discriminant b 2  4ac   0 with their values.
Allow if in square root.
 leading to 144k 2  144k  36  36k 2  36  0 
 

4 A1 Need not see method for solving.

[108k2 – 144k = 0 leading to] k = 0 or k =
3

4 A1 4
k  0, k  Do not accept  k  0.
3 3

6
 21(a) Centre of circle is (4, 5) B1 B1

r 2 = ( 7 − 4 ) + (1 − 5 )
2 2 M1 OE. Either using their centre and A or C or using A
and C and dividing by 2.

r =5 A1 FT FT on their (4, 5) if used.

Equation is ( x − 4 ) + ( y − 5 ) = 25
2 2 A1 OE. Allow 52 for 25.

21(b) 9−5 4 B1 FT FT for use of their centre.

Gradient of radius = =
7−4 3

3 B1 − 3 x 57
Equation of tangent is y − 9 = − (x − 7) or y = +
4 4 4

22(a) 1  1  a  b 12  0  a  b  10 B1 B1 B1 for each equation. Allow unsimplified. Can be implied by
correct values for a and b.
4  36  2a  6b 12  0  2a  6b  28

a  4, b  6 B1

 their a their b  B1 FT Or x  2, y  3

Centre is   ,   2, 3
 2 2 

4
22(b) 1  their y 1  3 1  3 4 *M1 Using their centre correctly.
Gradient of AC is [   ]
1  their x 1  2 1  2 3

1  3 A1 FT Use of m1m2  1 to obtain the gradient of the tangent.

Gradient of tangent is   
4  4
their
3

3 3 7 DM1 Using 1,1 with their gradient of the tangent at A.

Equation: y  1  ‘their  ’  x  1 or y   x 
4 4 4

3 x  4 y  7 or 4 y  3 x  7 . or integer multiples of these A1

Alternative method for question 8(b)

dy dy *M1 Implicit differentiation with at least one y term differentiated

2x  2 y 46 0 correctly.
dx dx

dy dy 6 A1
8  6   
dx dx 8

3 3 7 DM1 Using 1,1 with their gradient of the tangent at A.

Equation: y  1  ‘their  ’  x  1 or y   x 
4 4 4

3 x  4 y  7 or 4 y  3 x  7 . or integer multiples of these A1

Alternative method for question 8(b)

dy 1 
1 *M1 Rearranging to form y  and differentiating using the chain rule.
 {25  ( x  2)2 } 2  2 x  4 
dx 2

dy 1 
1
6 A1
 (25  9) 2  6   
dx 2 8

22(b) 3 3 7 DM1 Using 1,1 with their gradient of the tangent at A.

Equation: y  1  ‘their  ’  x  1 or y   x 
4 4 4

3 x  4 y  7 or 4 y  3 x  7 . or integer multiples of these A1

4
23(a) 1  1  a  b 12  0  a  b  10 B1 B1 B1 for each equation. Allow unsimplified. Can be implied by
correct values for a and b.
4  36  2a  6b 12  0  2a  6b  28

a  4, b  6 B1

 their a their b  B1 FT Or x  2, y  3

Centre is   ,   2, 3
 2 2 

23(b) 1  their y 1  3 1  3 4 *M1 Using their centre correctly.

Gradient of AC is [   ]
1  their x 1  2 1  2 3

1  3 A1 FT Use of m1m2  1 to obtain the gradient of the tangent.

Gradient of tangent is    
4 4
their 
3

3 3 7 DM1 Using 1,1 with their gradient of the tangent at A.

Equation: y  1  ‘their  ’  x  1 or y   x 
4 4 4

3 x  4 y  7 or 4 y  3 x  7 . or integer multiples of these A1

Alternative method for question 8(b)

dy dy *M1 Implicit differentiation with at least one y term differentiated

2x  2 y 46 0 correctly.
dx dx

dy dy 6 A1
8  6   
dx dx 8

3 3 7 DM1 Using 1,1 with their gradient of the tangent at A.

Equation: y  1  ‘their  ’  x  1 or y   x 
4 4 4

3 x  4 y  7 or 4 y  3 x  7 . or integer multiples of these A1

Alternative method for question 8(b)

dy 1 
1 *M1 Rearranging to form y  and differentiating using the chain rule.
 {25  ( x  2)2 } 2  2 x  4 
dx 2

dy 1 
1
6 A1
 (25  9) 2  6   
dx 2 8
23(b) 3 3 7 DM1 Using 1,1 with their gradient of the tangent at A.
Equation: y  1  ‘their  ’  x  1 or y   x 
4 4 4

3 x  4 y  7 or 4 y  3 x  7 . or integer multiples of these A1

24(a) Equation of BC is  y 23 x B2, 1, 0 OE forms y  4  3  x  2  or y  2  3  x  0  .

24(b)  x  2
2
  2  3x  4   20 *M1 OE
Sub line equation into equation of circle to eliminate y.

10(x – 2)2 = 20 or [10](x2 – 4x + 2)[= 0] A1 OE Accept (10x2 – 40x + 20).

4    16  8 DM1 Correctly solving their quadratic.

x  2     2 or x 
2

x  2 2 A1 OE only solution. Answer only SC B1 If DM1 not scored.

y 3 2 4 A1 OE only solution. Answer only SC B1 If DM1 not scored.

25(a)  y −10 
2 *M1 Substitute equation of line into equation of circle.
x + ( mx +10)
2
2
= 20 or y + 
2
 = 20 or mx +10 = 20 − x
2

 m 

( )
x 2 1+ m2 + 20mx + 80 = 0 or A1 Collect terms into a 3 term quadratic.

y ( m +1) − 20y + (100 − 20m )  = 0

2 2 2

( 20m )2 − 4 (1+ m2 ) 80[= 0 ( )

 80m2 − 320 = 0  80 m2 − 4 = 0] DM1 Use b2 − 4ac = 0 .

( )(
or ( −20) − 4 m2 +1 100 − 20m2 [= 0 
2
) 80(m4 − 4m2 ) = 0]
m = 2 A1 Two values for m .

4
25(b) Method 1: Use of quadratic

(1+ 2 ) x  20 ( 2) x + 80 = 0  5x  40x + 80 = 0

2 2 2 M1 Sub their m into their quadratic in x or y or restart with
their tangent equation and equation of circle.
or y ( 2 +1) − 20y + (100 − 20 ( 2 ) )  = 0  5  ( y − 4 y + 4 ) = 0 
2 2 2 2
 

5( x  4)2 = 0  x = 4 or y = 2 A1 Correct solutions or one correct pair (x, y).

( −4, 2 ) , ( 4, 2 ) A1 Two correct points with x and y paired correctly.

Method 2: Using equation of normal

1 1 M1 Equate tangent and normal and solve for x .

2 x +10 = − x or −2 x +10 = x
2 2

x = 4 A1 Two correct x -values or one correct pair (x, y).

( −4, 2 ) , ( 4, 2 ) A1 Two correct points with x and y paired correctly.

25(c) Method 1: Using angle at circumference

20 80 80 *M1 Use a trig function in triangle AOB.

cos BOA = or sin BOA = or tan BOA =  = 2
10 10 20

BOA = 63.4  BOC =126.8 or126.9 DM1 Strategy involving doubling

 BDC = 63.4 A1 AWRT

Metho 2: Using cosine rule

( ) ( )
2 2 *M1 Calculate two lengths in triangle BCD.
BC = 8 , BD = 20 + 4 + 22 , CD = 20 − 4 + 22

64 = 80 −16 5 cosBDC DM1 Use cosine rule with their lengths

5 A1 AWRT
cosBDC =   BDC = 63.4
5
 Method 3: Subtract angles from 90 

Calculate one angle at D  = 13.28 *M1 ODB or angle between CD and the vertical from D

Calculate a second angle at D  = 13.28 and subtract both from 90 DM1

 BDC = 63.4 A1 AWRT

26(a)  10 + 5 2 − 1    15 1   B1 Accept unsimplified.

Mid-point AB is   =  , 
2    2 2  
,
 2

−1 − 2 −3 5 M1 Change in y
Gradient of AB = = Gradient perpendicular = For use of , condone inconsistent order of x and y,
10 − 5 5 3 Change in x
and m1m2 = –1.

1 A1 OE ISW
y−
2 = 5  y − 1 = 5  x − 15   5
Any correct version e.g. y = x − 12 or 5 x − 3 y = 36 .
15 3   
x− 2 3 2  3
2

26(b) [Radius =] 34 or 5.8 AWRT or [(radius)2 =] 34 B1 Sight of 34 or 34. Condone confusion of r and r 2 .

( x − 5 )2 + ( y − 2 )2 B1 Sight of ( x − 5)2 + ( y − 2)2

( x − 5)2 + ( y − 2)2 = 34 B1 CAO ISW

Alternative method for Question 1(b)

x 2 + y 2 −10x − 4 y B1

c = 5 or c = − 5 B1 Substitution of (10, –1) into x 2 + y 2 −10x − 4 y + c = 0.

x 2 + y 2 −10x − 4 y − 5 = 0 B1

3
 27(a) (5 − 2 p )2 + ( p + 2)2 = (10 − 2p )2 + (3 − p )2 M1 A1 Allow one sign error for M mark only.

25 − 20 p + 4 p 2 + p 2 + 4 p + 4 = 100 − 40 p + 4 p 2 + 9 − 6 p + p 2 A1 Allow 2.67 AWRT.

8
30 p = 80 → p = oe
3

27(b)(i) p+2 p −3 M1 Allow a sign error.

mAC = mBC =
2p −5 2 p − 10

p+2 p −3 M1 Use of m1m2 = -1 with their mAC and mBC.

 = −1
2 p − 5 2 p − 10

(
p 2 − p − 6 = − 4 p 2 − 30 p + 50 ) → 5 p 2 − 31p + 44 ( = 0 ) A1

11 A1 Factors ( p − 4 ) ( 5 p − 11) , or formula or

p = 4 (Ignore p = )
5 completing square must be seen.

27(b)(ii) Mid-point of AB = (7½, ½) B1 SOI

 5 2   50 
( )
 50  *M1 1 2
r 2 = 2½ 2 + 2½ 2  =  or r =  (2½2 + 2½2 ) =  Or r 2 = 5 + 52  = 4  etc.
 4  2  4  

50 DM1 Must use r 2 not r or d or d 2

Equation of circle is ( x − their 7½ ) + ( y − their½ ) = their
2 2

x 2 + y 2 −15x − y + 44 = 0 A1 CAO

4
28(a) ( x + 1)2 + ( 3 x − 22 )2 = 85 M1 OE. Substitute equation of line into equation of circle.

10 x 2 − 130 x + 400 [ = 0 ] A1 Correct 3-term quadratic

[10] ( x − 8) ( x − 5) leading to x = 8 or 5 A1 Dependent on factors or formula or completing of square

seen.

(8, 4), (5, ‒5) A1 If M1A1A0A0 scored, then SC B1 for correct final answer
only.

28(b) Mid-point of AB = (6 12 ,- 12 ) M1 Any valid method

Use of C = (‒1, 2) B1 SOI

r 2 = ( −1 − 6 12 ) + ( 2 + 12 )
2 2 M1 Attempt to find r2. Expect r 2 = 62 1 .
2

Equation of circle is ( x + 1) + ( y − 2 ) = 62 12
2 2 A1 OE.

29(a) x 2   y  2   100
2 B1 OE e.g.  x  0 2   y  2 2  10 2 ISW.

29(b) 10  2  4 3 M1 OE SOI Use coordinates to find gradient of radius or

Gradient of radius =    or gradient of tangent  differentiate to find mT
 60  3 4
dy dy 3
e.g. 2 x  2  y  2   0   at (6, 10)
dx dx 4
1
y  2  100  x  2 dy 1

 100  x
dx 2
2 2
 3
 2 x    .
4

3  3 29  A1 58
Equation of tangent is y  10    x  6  y   4 x  2  OE ISW Allow e.g.
4
.
4  

2
29(c)  29  M1 SOI From a linear equation in (b).
Coordinates of centre of circle Q are  0, their 
 2 

2 2 A1FT OE e.g.  x  0 2   y 14.5   31.25 ISW.

 2 29   5 5   125 
Equation of circle Q is x   y  their     
 2   2   4 

 29  125
2 B1 OE e.g. x     19, x 2 19  x 2 19
x 2  11  2   100  x 2  19 and x 2  11   
2
 x 2  19
 2  4 Correct argument to verify both y -coords are 11
125  29 
2 ISW.
  y     y  2   100  25 y  275  y  11
2
OR e.g.
4  2 

29(d)  3
2
29 29  125  25 2 125  M1 Substitute equation of their tangent into equation of
x2    x     2
 16 x  4  x  20 
 4 2 2  4   their circle. May see y  31.25  x 2  14.5 .
or y  29 y  199   0
2

29  3 5 A1 OE e.g. x   20
x  2 5 or y 
2 For 2 x -values or 2 y -values or correct  x, y  pair.

  3  29  29  3 5 A1 58 3 20 58 3 20
y       20     OE e.g.  ,  Correct  x, y  pairs.
  4  2 2 4 4 4 4

30(a) 1 
2 *M1 Obtaining an unsimplified equation in x or y only.
 x  a 2
  x  6  3   20 or using x  2 y  12
2 

5 2 A1 OE e.g. 5x 2  4  3  2a  x  4a 2  44
x   3  2a  x  a 2  11  0
4 Rearranging to get a correct 3-term quadratic on one side.
Condone terms not grouped together.
5 y 2  y  54  4a  133  a 2  24 .

DM1 OE Using b 2  4ac on their 3 term quadratic   0 .

 3  2a  2  4 
4

5 2
a  11   0
 Method 1 for final 2 marks

Using a = 4:  3  8   5  5   0
2 A1 Clearly substituting a = 4.

a  16 B1 Condone no method shown for this value.

Method 2 for final 2 marks

 a 2 12 a  64  0 ⇒  a  4   a  16   0 ⇒ a  4 A1 AG Full method clearly shown.

a  16 B1 Condone no method shown for this value.

5 If M0, SCB1 available for substituting a  4, finding

P(2, 7) and verifying that CP2 = 20.

30(b) Centre (4, 3) identified or used or the point P is (2, 7) B1

⸫ gradient of normal  2 B1 SOI

Forming normal equation using their gradient (not 0.5) and their centre or M1 Condone use of  4, 3  .
P

y 3 A1 OE Condone f  x   .
 2 or y  7  2  x  2 
 x  4
4
30(c) Method 1 for Question 10(c)

*M1 1
 x  4  leading to y  x 1
1 1
Diameter: y  3  Using gradient with their centre.
2  2  2
Or
dy  1 
2  x  4   2  y  3  0 leading to y  x 1 By implicit differentiation.
dx  2 

1 
2
5 2  DM1 Obtaining an unsimplified equation in x or y only.
 x  4
2
  x  1  3   20  4 x  10 x  0  [ y 2  6 y  5  0] .
2   

x = 0 or 8, y = 1 or 5 [(0, 1) and (8, 5)] A1 Correct co-ordinates for both points. Condone no method
shown for solution.

Equations are y  1  2 x and y  5  2  x  8  A1 2 x  y  1 and 2 x  y  21 .

 Method 2 for Question 10(c)

Coordinates of points at which tangents meet curve are *M1 A1 Vector approach using their centre and gradient = 0.5 .
(4+4, 3+2) = (8, 5) and (4 – 4, 3 – 2) = (0, 1) Condone answers only with no working.

Equations are y  5  2  x  8  and y  1  2 x DM1 A1 Forming equations of tangents using their (0, 1) and (8, 5).

Method 3 for Question 10(c)

 x  4 2   2 x  c  3  20 *M1 Obtaining an unsimplified equation in x only using

equation of circle with y  2 x  c .
5 x 2   4  4c  x   c  32  4  0 
 

 4  4c 
2
 
 20  c  3  4   0
2 DM1 Using b 2  4ac   0 .

[leading to 4c 2  32c  120c  16  100  0 ]

30(c) 4c 2  88c  84   0 [leading to c 2  22c  21  0 ] A1

c  21 and c  1 or y  2 x  21 and y  2 x  1 A1 Condone no method shown for solution.

31(a)  x  12   x  9  4   40 M1 Substitute line into circle.

x 2  6 x  7   0 leading to  x  1 x  7    0 M1 Simplify to 3-term quadratic and factorise OE.

(‒1, ‒10), (7, ‒2) or x = ‒1 and 7, y = ‒10 and ‒2 A1 A1 Answers only SC B1, SC B1 but must see a correct
quadratic equation.

31(b) their x1  their x2 their y1 their y2 M1 Expect (3, ‒6).

[C is mid-point =] ( , )
2 2

M1 Expect
 their x  their 3   their y  their  6   OR 32 .
2
Radius =


their   7   1    2   10  
2 2
/2
 x  32   y  6 2  32 A1 OE

3
32(a) Gradient of AB = ‒1 B1 SOI

Centre of circle = (4, ‒1) B1 SOI

Equation of AB is y + 1 = −1( x − 4 ) leading to y = − x + 3 B1 FT FT their centre with gradient ‒1.

32(b)
( x − 4)2 + ( −x + 3+1)2 = 40 *M1 Substitute their AB into circle equation.

2 ( x − 4) = 40 OR [2] ( x 2 − 8 x − 4 ) leading to DM1 Forming and solving 3-term quadratic.

2

8  64 +16 16  256 + 64
or
2 4

x = 4 20 A1 OE. No fractions.

(4 − 20 , −1+ 20 ) A1 OE
Special case: If M1 M0 scored then SCB2 can be
awarded for correct coordinates or SCB1 for correct x
values only. Ignore other coordinate

32(c) (
y − their −1 + )  (
20 = 1 x − their 4 − 20 ) M1 OE

y = x − 5 + 2 20 or y = x − 5 + 80 or y = x − 5 + 4 5 A1

2
33(a)  7−4   18 − 7  *M1 Difference in the ys
 their    their  = −1 Their gradients must both come from .
 p−6  14 − p  Difference in the xs
OR Scalar product leading to (14 − p ) ( 6 − p ) − 33 = 0

p 2 − 20 p + 84 = 33 leading to p2 − 20p + 51= 0or p2 − 20p = −51 A1 Clearing of fractions and collecting terms to arrive at the
three-term quadratic. Allow integer multiples.

Alternative method for first 2 marks of Question 11(a)

( p − 6)2 + ( 7 − 4)2 + (14 − p )2 + (18 − 7)2 = (14 − 6)2 + (18 − 4)2 *M1 For correct use of Pythagoras with A,B and C.
OR
OR For correct use of Pythagoras with the centre, B and one of
E.g. (10 − p ) + 42 = 42+72
2
the other two points.

2 p2 − 40 p +102= 0 A1 OE
Collecting terms to arrive at the three-term quadratic.

20  202 − 4  51 DM1 OE
[2] ( p − 3)( p −17 ) or Solving their three-term quadratic.
2

p=3 A1 If M1A1DM0 scored then SC B1 is available for final

answer.

33(b) [Midpoint or Centre is] (10, 11) B1 SOI by final answer.

1 M1 Finding half of the length of AC or using their centre, which

(14 − 6)2 + (18 − 4)2 or (18 − their11)2 + (14 − their10)2 or cannot be A, B or C, to find r 2 or r. Note: r = 65 is M0.
2
( their11− 4)2 + ( their10 − 6)2 r 2 = 65 or r = 65 

( x −10)2 + ( y −11)2 = 65 or x 2 + y 2 − 20x − 22 y +156 = 0 A1 ( x − 6 )( x −14 ) + ( y − 4 )( y −18) = 0 scores 3/3.

3
33(c) 18 − their11 their11 − 4 18 − 4  7 *M1 Gradient of their centre, which cannot be A, B or C, from
14 − their10
or
their10 − 6
or
14 − 6 = 4  part (b), to A or C or the gradient of AC but working needed
 
if incorrect centre.
OR by clearly differentiating and substitution of (14,18).

1 DM1 OE
y − 18 = −
7
( x − 14 ) 1
their Using (14,18) and − to form the equation of a
4 7
their
4
straight line.

4 x + 7 y −182 = 0 A1 All terms on one side in any order. Allow multiples of this
format by an integer only.

34(a) ( 0 − 3)2 + ( y − 5)2 = 40 M1 OE. Substitute x = 0, may use y 2 −10 y − 6 = 0 .

y = 5  31 A1 OE. Must be surd form.

34(b)
x 2
+ ( y − 5)
2
 = 31 Allow ( x − 0 )
2 B1FT
B1FT
B1 FT for their 5 and B1 FT for their 31. Don’t allow
surd form.

35 r 2 = ( 7 + 2 ) + (12 − 5)
2 2 B1 Expect 130, may use AC rather than r.

Equation of circle is ( x + 2 ) + ( y − 5) = 130 B1 FT OE FT their 130, may use distance BC rather than
2 2

circle.

M1 Substitute y = −2 x + 26 into a circle equation.

( x + 2) + ( −2 x + 21)
2 2
= 130

5x2 −80 x + 315 = 0 leading to 5 ( x − 9) ( x − 7 ) M1 Factorisation OE must be seen.

x=9 A1 With or without x = 7.

y = 8 OR (9, 8) A1 y = 8 or ( 9,8) only. Both A1’s dependent on the

first M1.