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THERMAL ENGINEERING -II Unit Wise Important Questions

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1. Group - A (Short Answer Questions)
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Unit – I

1 (a) Explain working principle of Rankine cycle?

(b) In a Rankine cycle, the steam at inlet to Turbine is saturated at a
Application,
pressure of 35bar and the exhaust pressure is 0.2bar. Determine
Synthesis 1
i)the pump work ii) Turbine work iii) Rankine efficiency iv)
Condenser heat flow v) the dryness at the end of expansion.
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Assume flow rate of 9.5kg/sec

2 (a) Explain the Regenerative cycle in detail with a neat sketch
(b) A Steam Turbine is fed with steam having an enthalpy of
3100kJ/Kg. It moves out of Turbine with an enthalpy of 2100KJ/Kg.
Feed heating is done at a pressure of 3.2bar, with steam enthalpy of
2500KJ/kg. The condensate from a condenser with an enthalpy of
Application 1
125KJ/kg enters into the feed heater. The quantity of bled steam is
11200Kg/hour. Find the power developed by the Turbine. Assume
that the water leaving the feed heater is saturated liquid at 3.2bar
and the heater is direct mixing type. Neglect pump work. Show the
arrangements in figure
3 a )Classify and explain the classification of fuels.
Application 1
(b) Explain Adiabatic flame temperature.

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© A simple Rankine cycle works between pressures 28bar and
0.06bar. The initial condition of steam is dry saturated. Calculate
cycle efficiency, work ratio and specific steam consumption
4 (a) How do you analyses the exhaust and flue gases by using Orsat’s
apparatus. Explain with neat diagram. Comprehens
(b). In a steam power cycle, the steam supply is at 15bar and dry and ion, 1
saturated. The condenser pressure is 0.4bar. Calculate the Carnot Application
and Rankine efficiency of the cycles. Neglect pump work.

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5 a) How can you convert weight analysis in volumetric analysis?
b) Super heated steam at a pressure of 10bar and 4000C is supplied to a
steam engine. Adiabatic expansion takes place to release point at 0.9bar
and it exhaust s into a condenser at 0.3bar. Neglecting clearance,
Application 1
determine for a steam flow rate of 1.5kg/sec. i) quality of steam at
the end of expansion and the end of constant volume operation ii)

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power developed iii) specific steam consumption iv) modified
Rankine cycle efficiency
6 a). What is meant by stoichiometric Air fuel ratio
b)Steam is supplied to a Turbine at a pressure of 30bar and at a
temperature of 4000C and is expanded adiabatically to a pressure of
0.04bar. At a stage of Turbine, where the pressure is 3bar, a
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connection is made to a surface heater in which the feed water is
heated by bled steam to a temperature of 1300C. The condensed
steam from the feed water is cooled in a drain cooler to 27 0C. The
Comprehens
ion, 1
Application
feed water passes through the drain cooler before entering the feed
heater. The cooled drain water combines with the condensate in the
well of condenser. Assuming no heat losses in the steam. Calculate
i) mass of steam used for feed heating per kg of steam entering the
Turbine ii) Thermal efficiency of cycle.
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7 a). What are the advantages and disadvantages of regenerative cycle

over simple Rankine Cycle?
Comprehens
b). The percentage composition of sample of liquid fuel by weight
ion, 1
is, C=84.8% and H2=15.2%. Calculate i)the weight of air needed for
Application
the combustion of 1kg of fuel ii) the volumetric compositon of
product of combustion if 15% excess air is supplied
8 a). Explain the Reheating cycle in detail with a neat sketch
b) The following is the ultimate analysis of a sample of petrol by
Comprehens
weight: Carbon =85%, Hydrogen=15%.Calculate the ratio of air to
ion, 1
petrol consumption by weight if the volumetric analysis of dry
Application
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exhaust gas is CO2=11.5%, CO=1.2%,O2=0.9% and N2=86%. Also

find percentage excess air.
9 a). Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Reheating?
Application,
b) Determine the gravimetric analysis of the products of complete 1
Synthesys
combustion of acetylene with 200% stoichiometric air
10 a). Compare Rankine cycle and carnot cycle?
b) The percentage composition of sample of liquid fuel by weight is, Comprehens
C=84.8% and H2=15.2%. Calculate i)the weight of air needed for ion, 1
the combustion of 1kg of fuel ii) the volumetric compositon of Application
product of combustion if 15% excess air is supplied
UNIT – II
1 a) State the differences between the following boilers? Comprehens
3
i) Externally fired and internally fired boilers. ion,

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ii)Forced circulation and natural circulation Evaluation
b) State the differences between the High Pressure and low Pressure
boilers?
2 (a) Explain with the help of neat diagrams, Cochran boiler fire tube Evaluation,
boilers Application 3
(b) Explain with the help of neat diagrams Lancashire boiler
3 a) Explain the following boiler terms : Shell, setting, grate, Comprehens
furnace, water space and steam space ion,

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3
b) EXPLAIN the terms mountings, accessories, water level, blowing Application
off, lagging refractory.
4 a). Give the construction and working of the Babcock and Wilcox
water tube boilers? Evaluation ,
3
b) Explain with neat sketchs, the construction and working of the Application

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La Mont boiler and Bension boiler
5 a) Explain with neat sketches any three of the following mountings?
i)water level indicator
ii) Pressure gauge Application 3
iii)Feed check valve
b) i)Blow-off cock ii)High steam and low water safety valve
6 (a) Explain the concept of discharge through the nozzle
(b).classify nozzles.
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c) Dry saturated steam enters a steam nozzle at a pressure of 15 bar Analysis,
and is discharged at a pressure of 2.0 bar. If the dryness fraction of Application
3
discharge steam is 0.96.what will be the final velocity of steam?
Neglecting initial velocity of steam
7 (a) Derive the conditions for discharge and its maximum value of a
nozzle.
(b). The nozzles of a Delaval turbine are supplied with dry saturated
Evaluation ,
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steam at a pressure of 9 bar. The pressure at the outlet is 1 bar. The 3

Application
turbine has two nozzles with a throat diameter of 2.5 mm. Assuming
nozzle efficiency as 90 % and that of turbine rotor 35 %, find the
quality of steam used per hour and power developed.
8 a) Explain the concept of Meta stable state while representing
Wilson line on h-s diagram
b). A Convergent divergent nozzle is to be designed in which steam
initially at 14 bar and 80 0 C of superheat is to be expanded down to Application
a back pressure of 1.05 bar. Determine the necessary throat and exit , Evaluation 3
diameters of the nozzle for a steam discharge of 500 kg/hour,
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assuming that the expansion is in thermal equilibrium throughout

and the friction reheat amounting to 12 % of the total isentropic
enthalpy drop to be effective in the divergent part of the nozzle
9 a)What is the effect of friction on nozzle efficiency explain with T-S
diagram
b) A convergent divergent nozzle is required to discharge 2 kg of
steam per second. The nozzle is supplied with steam at 6.9 bar and
180 0 C and discharge takes place against a back pressure of 0.98
Application 3
bar. Expansion up to throat is isentropic and the frictional resistance
between the throat and exit is equivalent to 62.76 kJ/kg of steam.
Taking approach velocity of 75m/s. and throat pressure 3.9 bar,
estimate
(a) Suitable areas for the throat and exit

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(b)Overall efficiency of the nozzle based on the enthalpy drop
between the actual inlet pressure, and the temperature and the exit
pressure
10 a) Derive the expression for exit velocity of a nozzle using Steadt
flow energy equation.
b) A steam nozzle is supplied steam at 15 bar 350 0 C and
discharges steam at 1 bar. If the diverging portion of the nozzle is 80
Application 3
mm long and the throat diameter is 6 mm, determine the cone angle

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of the divergent portion. Assume 12 % of the total available
enthalpy drop is lost in friction in the divergent portion. Also
determine the velocity and temperature of the steam at throat.
UNIT – III
1 a)Draw the velocity diagram of impulse Turbine and find the work
Application

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done on the blade, blade efficiency
,
b) A stage of a steam turbine is supplied with steam at a pressure of
Comprehens 3, 4
50 bars and 3500C, and exhausts at a pressure of 5 bars. The
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isentropic efficiency of the stage is 0.82 and the steam consumption
is 2270 kg/min. determine the power output of the stage
2 (a)Derive the expression for condition for maximum efficiency of
an impulse Turbine?
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(b) The velocity of steam exiting the nozzle of the impulse stage of a
turbine is 400 m/s. The blades operate close to the maximum
Knowledge,
Comprehens 3, 4
blading efficiency. The nozzle angle is 20 0 .Considering ion
equiangular blades and neglecting blade friction, calculates the
steam flow of 0.6 kg/s. the diagram power and diagram efficiency
3 a). What are the advantages and disadvantages of velocity
compounded Impulse Turbine.
b). In a DeLaval turbine, steam issues from the nozzle with a Analysis,
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velocity of 1200m/sec, the nozzle angle is 200 , the mean blade Comprehens 3, 4
velocity is 400m/sec and the inlet and outlet of angles are equal. The ion
mass of steam flowing through the turbine per hour is 1000kg.
Calculate blade angle,Power developed and blade efficiency.
4 a) Define the following:
i) Blade efficiency ii) Stage efficiency
iii)overall efficiency
(b). A single stage steam Turbine is supplied with steam at 5bar and
Comprehens
2000C at the rate of 50Kg/min. It expands into a condenser at a 3, 4
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pressure of 0.2bar. The blade speed is 400m/sec. The nozzles are
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inclined at an angle of 200 to the plane of wheel and outlet blade

angle is 300. Neglecting friction losses. Determine the power
developed , blade efficiency and stage efficiency
5 a) What are the methods of reducing wheel or rotor speed .explain
b) In an impulse turbine (with a single row wheel) the mean
diameter of the blades is 1.05m and the speed is 3000r.p.m. The
nozzle angle is 180, the ratio of blade speed to steam speed is 0.42
and the ratio of the relative velocity at outlet from the blades to that Synthesis
3, 4
at inlet is 0.84. The outlet angle of the blade is to be made 3 0 less
than the inlet angle. The steam flow is 10kg/s. Draw the velocity
diagram for the blades and derive the following: i)Tangential thrust
on the blades ii)Axial thrust on the blades iii)Resultant thrust on
the blades iv) Power developed in the blades v) Blading

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efficiency
6 (a) What are the differences between Impulse turbine and reaction
turbine
(b) One stage of an impulse turbine consists of a converging nozzle Comprehens
ring and one ring of moving blade. The nozzles are inclined at 22 0 to ion,
3, 4
the blades, whose tip angles are both 350. If the velocity of steam is Synthesis
at exit from nozzle is 660m/sec. Find the blade speed. So that the
steam passes on without shock. Find the diagram efficiency

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neglecting losses if the blades are run at the speed
7 a) Classify Steam turbine with different considerations
b) Steam with absolute velocity of 300m/sec is supplied through a
nozzle to a single stage impulse turbine. The nozzle angle is 25 0, the
Knowledge
mean diameter of blade rotor is 1meter and it has a speed of 3, 4

or
2000rpm. Find suitable blade angle for zero axial thrust. If the blade
velocity coefficient is 0.9 and the steam flow rate is 10kg/sec.
Calculate power developed.
8 a) Explain the concept of pressure compounding. with neat
diagramb).A simple impulse turbine has 1ring of moving blades
Knowledge,
running at 150m/sec. The absolute velocity of steam at exit from the
0 Comprehens
stage is 85m/sec at an angle of 80 from the tangential 3, 4
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direction.Blade velocity co-efficient is 0.8 and the rate of steam
flowing through the stage is 2.5kg/sec. If the blades are equi
ion

angular, determine blade angle, nozzle angle and axial thrust.

9 a) Explain the concept of velocity compounding. with neat diagram
b)In a single stage impulse turbine, the nozzle angle is 200and blade
Synthesis,
angles are equal. The velocity coefficient for blade is 0.85. Find
Comprehens
maximum blade efficiency possible if the blade axial efficiency is 3, 4
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92% of maximum blade efficiency, find the possible ratio of blade
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speed to steam speed.

10 a) Explain the concept of pressure and velocity compounding. with

neat diagram
b) In a single stage steam turbine, saturated steam at 10bar is
supplied to a convergent divergent steam nozzle. The nozzle angle is
200 and the mean blade speed is 400m/sec. The steam pressure Comprehens
3, 4
leaving the nozzle is 1bar. Find i)the best blade angle if the blades ion
are equi angular ii) the maximum power developed by the turbine if
a number of nozzles used are 5and area at the throat of each nozzle
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is 0.6cm2. Assume nozzle efficiency 88% and blade friction co-

efficient is 0.87.
UNIT – III-B
1 a) What are the types of Condensers? Classify?
b) In a reaction turbine, the blade tips are inclined at 350 and 200 in
the direction of motion. The guide blades are of the same shape as Application
the moving blade, but reversed in the direction. At a certain place in ,
the turbine, the drum diameter is 1m and the blades are at 10cm Comprehens 3, 4
high. At this place the steam has a pressure of 1.75bar and dryness ion
0.935. If the speed this turbine is 250rpm and steam passes through
the blades, without shock, find the mass of the steam flow and
power developed in the ring of moving blades.
2 (a) Compare the Jet Condensers and Surface Condensers with? Knowledge, 3, 4

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Determine the mass of cooling water? Comprehens
b) A 50%reaction turbine with symmetrical velocity triangle ion
running at 400rpm has the exit angle of the blade as 200 and the
velocity of steam relative to the blade at the exit is 1.35times the
mean blade speed. The steam flow rate is 8.33kg/sec and at a
particular stage the specific volume is 1.381 m3/kg. Calculate for
this stage i)a suitable blade height, assuming the rotor mean
diameter 12times the blade height and ii)the diagram work.

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3 a). Define degree of reaction and prove that Parsons Reaction
turbine is a 50 % reaction turbine.
b). 300kg/min of steam (2bar,0.98dry) flows through a given stage
Analysis,
of a reaction turbine. The exit angle of fixed blade as well as
Comprehens 3, 4
moving blade is 200 and 3.68kW of power is developed. If the rotor
ion
speed is 360rpm and tip leakage is 5%, calculate the mean drum

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diameter and the blade height. If the axial flow velocity is 0.8times
the blade velocity?
4 a) . Derive the condition for maximum efficiency of reaction turbine
with giving assumptions to be followed.
(b). A surface condenser is designed to handle 10000kg of steam per
hour. The steam enters at 0.08bar abs. And 0.9dryness and the Comprehens
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condensate leave at the corresponding saturation temperature. The
pressure is constant throughout the condenser. Estimate the cooling
water flow rate per hour if the cooling water temperature rise is
ion
3, 4

limited to 100C.
5 a) Define the terms Vacuum efficiency and Condenser efficiency.
b) The volume of condenser which contains 0.144kg of air with
Synthesis
steam is 4.05m3. The temperature in the condenser is 400C and there 3, 4
is some water in the condenser. Determine the pressure in the
condenser. R for air is 287joules/KgK.
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6 (a) Explain working principle of Low level Jet Condenser with neat
sketches?
(b) A steam jet turbo-generator develops 100 KW using 13.6 kg of Comprehens
steam per kWh. The exhaust steam pressure is 0.14 bar and 680.4 ion,
3, 4
kg of cooling water are passed through the condenser per minute. Synthesis
The inlet and outlet temperatures are respectively 15.60C and
32.20C. Estimate the dryness fraction of exhaust steam. Temperature
of hot well is 350C.
7 a) Explain working principle of Surface Condenser with neat
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sketch?
b) A closed vessel of 0.7 m3 capacity contains saturated water vapor
Knowledge
and air at a temperature of 42.7 0 C and a pressure of 0.13 bar abs. 3, 4
Due to further air leakage into the vessel, the pressure rises to 0.28
bar abs. and temperature falls to 37.6 0 C. Calculate the mass of air
which has leaked in. Take R=287J/kg K for air.
8 a)What the sources of air leakage in to the condensers? How its
pressure is determined?
Knowledge,
b) The pressure under the air baffle of a surface condenser is 52mm
Comprehens
of Hg. Temperature of the mixture leaving the cooler suction is 3, 4
ion
250C, assuming available water at 15.50C and external water might
lower the temperature further to 200C. Explain the effect of this on
the quantity of vapor accompanying the air to the air pump suction.

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9 a) Explain the function of cooling the air before it is to be extracted
Synthesis,
from the condenser?
Comprehens
b) Steam enters the condenser at 300C and with barometer reading 3, 4
ion
760mm,if the vacuum of 695mm is produced , find the vacuum
efficiency.
10 a) Discus the merits and demerits of surface condensers and jet
condensers, which type is recommended for large plants?
b)In a reaction turbine, the fixed and moving blades are of same

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shape but reversed in direction. The angles of the receiving tips are Comprehens
3, 4
350 and of discharging tips are 200. Find the power developed in kW ion
per pair of blade for a steam consumption of 2kg/sec, when the
blade speed is 52m/sec, if the enthalpy drop in the pair is 10kJ/kg.
Find the efficiency of the pair.
UNIT – IV

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1 (a) Explain the method INTER COOLING employed to increase
the specific output and thermal efficiency of Gas Turbine plant?
Draw the T-S diagram for the same.
(b). The air enters the compressor of an open cycle constant pressure
gas turbine at a pressure of 1bar and temperature of 20 0C. The Comprehens
pressure of the air after compression is 4bar. The isentropic ion , 3
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efficiency of compressor and turbine are 80% and 85% respectively.
The air-fuel ratio used is 90:1. If flow rate of air is 3.0kg/sec. Find
knowledge

i) power developed ii) thermal efficiency of cycle. Assume Cp =

1.0KJ/KgK , ᵞ =1.4 of air and gases, calorific value of fuel is
41800KJ/Kg.
2 (a). Explain the merits and demerits of closed cycle Gas Turbine
over Open cycle Gas Turbine?
(b). A gas turbine unit has a pressure ratio of 6:1 and maximum
cycle temperature of 610 0C. The isentropic efficiencies of the
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Synthesis,
compressor and turbine are 0.80 and 0.82 respectively. Calculate the
Comprehens 3
power output in kilowatts of an electric generator geared to the
ion
turbine when the air enters the compressor at 150C at the rate of
16kg/s. Take Cp=1.005 kJ/kgK and ᵞ =1.4 for the compression
process, and take Cp=1.11kJ/kgK and ᵞ =1.333 for the expansion
process
3 (a) Describe with neat sketch, the working of a simple constant
pressure open cycle Gas Turbine?
(b) Find the required air-fuel ratio in a gas turbine whose turbine
Comprehens
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and compressor efficiencies are 85% and 80%, respectively.

ion,
Maximum cycle temperature is 8750C. The working fluid can be 3
Analysis
taken as air (Cp=1.0kJ/kgK, ᵞ =1.4) which enters the compressor at
1bar and 270C. The pressure ratio is 4. The fuel used has calorific
value of 42000kJ/kg. There is a loss of 10% of calorific value in the
combustion chamber.
4 (a). Explain with a neat sketch, the working of a constant volume 3
combustion Turbine
(b) A gas turbine plant consists of two turbines. One compressor Analysis,
turbine to drive compressor and other power turbine to develop Knowledge
power output and both are having their own combustion chambers
which are served by air directly from the compressor. Air enters the
compressor at 1bar and 288K and is compressed to 8bar with an

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isentropic efficiency of 76%. Due to heat added in the combustion
chamber, the inlet temperature of gas to both turbines is 900 0C.The
isentropic efficiency of turbines is 86% and the mass flow rate of air
at the compressor is 23kg/s. The calorific value of fuel is 4200kJ/kg.
Calculate the output of the plant and the thermal efficiency if
mechanical efficiency is 95% and generator efficiency is 96%. Take
Cp=1.005kJ/kgK and ᵞ =1.4 for air and Cpg = 1.128kJ/kgk and ᵞ =
1.34 for gases.

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5 a). Explain the method REHEATING employed to increase the
specific output and thermal efficiency of Gas Turbine plant and also
draw the T-S diagram for the same
b) The pressure ratio of an open-cycle gas turbine power plant is
5.6. Air is taken at 300C and 1bar. The compression is carried out in Analysis
two stages with perfect inter cooling in between. The maximum Synthesis, 3

or
temperature of the cycle is limited to 700C. Assuming the isentropic
efficiency of eac compressor stage as 85% and that of turbine as
90%, determine the power developed and efficiency of the power
plant, if the air-flow is 1.2kg/s. The mass of fuel may be neglected,
and it may be assumed that Cp= 1.02 kJ/kgK and ᵞ = 1.41
6 a). Explain the method REGENERATION employed to increase the
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specific output and thermal efficiency of Gas Turbine plant and also
draw the T-S diagram for the same
b) In an air-standard regenerative gas turbine cycle the pressure ratio Analysis,
is 5. Air enters the compressor at 1bar, 300K and leaves at 490K. Application 3
The maximum temperature in the cycle is 1000K.Calculate the cycle
efficiency, given that the efficiency of the regenerator and adiabatic
efficiency of the turbine are each 80%. Assume for air the ratio of
specific heats is 1.4. Also show the cycle on a T-S diagram
7 a) What is the effect of thermal efficiency of open cycle Gas
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Turbine with the following operating variables (i)Pressure ratio

ii)Turbine inlet temperature iii)Compressor inlet temperature
iv)Efficiency of the turbine v)Efficiency of compressor
b) In a gas turbine, the compressor is driven by the high pressure
turbine. The exhaust from the high pressure turbine goes to a free Comprehens
3
low pressure turbine, which runs the load. The air flow rate is ion
20Kg/sec and minimum and maximum temperatures are
respectively 300K and 1000K. The compressor pressure ratio is 4.
Calculate the pressure ratio of the low pressure turbine and
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temperature of exhaust gases from the unit. The compressor and

turbine are isentropic. Cp=1.005kJ/kgK and ᵞ =1.4 for air.
8 a). Draw the block diagram of closed cycle gas turbine plant and
also represent the processes on T-S diagram with intercooler, heat
exchanger and reheating processes.
b). In a closed cycle gas turbine there is two stage compressor and
two stage turbine. All the components are mounted on the same Analysis,
shaft. The pressure and temperature at the inlet of first stage Application 3
compressor are 1.5bar and 200C, the maximum cycle temperature
and pressure are limited to 7500C and 6bar. A perfect intercooler is
used between the two stage compressor and a reheater is used
between the two turbines. Gasses are heated in the reheater to 750 0C
before entering the L-P turbine. Assuming the compressor and

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turbine efficiencies as 0.82. Calculatei) the efficiency of cycle
without regenerator ii) the efficiency of the cycle with regenerator
whose effectiveness is 0.70 iii) the mass of the fluid circulated if
the power developed by the plant is 350Kw. The working fluid used
in the cycle is air
9 a) State the merits of gas turbines over IC engines and steam
turbines. Discuss also the demerits over gas turbines.
b). Air is taken in a gas turbine plant at 1.1bar and 20 0C. The plant

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comprises of L.P and H.P compressors and L.P and H.P turbines.
The compression in L.P stage is up to 3.3bar followed by inter
cooling to 27 0C. The pressure of air after H.P compressor is
9.45bar.Loss in pressure during inter cooling is 0.15bar. Air from
H.P compressor is transferred to Heat exchanger of effectiveness
0.65 where it is heated by the gases of L.P turbine. After heat

or
Synthesis,
exchanger the air passes through combustion chamber. The 3
0 Application
temperature of the gases supplies to H.P turbine is 700 C. The gases
expand in H.P turbine to 3.62bar and air then reheated to 670 0C
before expanding in L.P turbine. The loss of pressure in re-heater is
0.12bar. Determine i) the overall efficiency ii) the work ratio
iii)mass flow rate when the power generated is 6000Kw. Assume
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isentropic efficiency of compression in both stages 0.82. Isentropic
efficiency of expansion in turbine= 0.85. Cp=1.005kJ/kg K and ᵞ
=1.4 for air and Cpg = 1.128kJ/kg k and ᵞ = 1.34 for gases neglect the
mass of the fuel.
10 a) Write a short notes on fuels used for gas turbines
b)In a constant pressure open cycle gas turbine, air enters at 1bar
and 200C and leaves the compressor at 5bar. Using the following
data: temperature of gases entering the turbine=680 0C, pressure loss
Comprehens
in the combustion chamber= 0.1bar. ή compressor = 85%, ήturbine =80% 3
TU

ion
ήcombustion= 85%,ᵞ =1.4, Cp= 1.02 kJ/kgK for air and gas. Find i) the
quantity of air circulation, if the plant develops 1065Kw ii) heat
supplied for Kg of air circulation iii) thermal efficiency of the
cycle. Mass of the fuel may be neglected
UNIT – V
1 a) Draw the sketch of Turbo-Jet plant with T-S diagram of Turbo-Jet
engine and explain?
b) a)A turbojet has a speed of 750km/h while flying at an altitude of
10000m, the propulsive efficiency of the jet is 50% and overall
Application 1
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efficiency of the turbine plant is 16%.The density of air at 10000m

altitude is 0.173kg/m3. The drag on the plank is 6250 N, the
calorific value of the fuel is 48000KJ/Kg. Calculate. i). absolute
velocity of the jet . ii) volume of the air compressed per minute
2 a) A turbojet engine flying at a speed of 960km/hour consumes air
at the rate of 54.5kg/sec. Calculate i) exit velocity of the jet when
the enthalpy change for the nozzle is 200Kj/kg and velocity co-
Comprehens
efficient is 0.97. ii) fuel flow rate in kg/sec, when air fuel ratio is
ion,
75:1. 1
Knowledge
b) For the above problem also calculate i) thrust specific fuel
consumption ii) Thermal efficiency of the plant when the
combustion efficiency is 93 % and calorific value of the fuel is
45000 kJ/kg. iii) Propulsive power and efficiency

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3 (a). Explain the working principle of Ram-Jet with diagram
(b) A turbo-jet engine consumes air at the rate of 60.2 kg/s when
flying at speed of 1000km/h. Calculate: i)Exit velocity of the jet
when the enthalpy change for the nozzle is 230KJ/Kg and velocity
Comprehens
co-efficient is 0.96. ii) Fuel flow rate in Kg/sec when air-fuel ratio 1
ion
is 70:1iii) Thrust specific fuel consumption iv) Thermal efficiency
of the plant when the combustion efficiency is 92% and calorific
value of the fuel used is 42000KJ/kg. v)Propulsive power

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vi)propulsive efficiency vii)Overall efficiency.
4 a)What are the advantages and disadvantages of Pulse Jet engines?
b)In a jet propulsion unit, the total pressure and temperature at
intake to the compressor are 0.6bar and 00C the speed of the
propulsion unit is 190m/sec. The total temperature and total pressure
of gases after the combustion entering the turbine 7500C and 3.1bar.

or
The speed of the propulsion unit is 190m/sec. The isentropic
efficiencies of compressor and turbine are 85% and 80% Application 1
respectively. The static back pressure of the propulsion nozzle is
0.52 bar and the efficiency of the nozzle based on total pressure
drop available is 90%. Determine (a) power consumed by the
compressor per kg of air(b) the air-fuel ratio if the calorific value of

5
W
fuel is 41840kJ/kg of fuel (c) the total pressure of gas leaving the
turbine (d) thrust per kg of air per second.
a) What are the requirements of an ideal Rocket propellant and Comprehens
applications of Rockets. ion,
1
b) Explain Thrust, Thrust Power, efficiency and Thermal efficiency Knowledge
of Turbo Jet
6 a) Explain the thermal analysis of turbojet engine
Synthesis,
b) Draw the T-S diagrams and explain the processes for Turbo-jet 1
Knowledge
engine?
TU

7 a) Explain the working difference between propeller jet ,turbo-jet Analysis,

b) Explain the function of and turbo prop with a neat sketch? Comprehens 1
ion
8 a) State the fundamental differences between the jet propulsion and
rocket propulsion
b) A high altitude flight jet propeller air craft is flying with a speed
of 367m/sec, the ambient atmospheric pressure and temperature are
0.01 Mpa and -400C. The temperature and the pressure of the gases
entering the turbine are 8270C and 0.2Mpa, isentropic efficiency of
Knowledge,
JN

compressor and turbine are 80% and 85% respectively. The ram air
Comprehens
efficiency is 80%. The back pressure on the nozzle may be assumed 1
ion
as ambient pressure and efficiency of nozzle base on total pressure
drop available is 90%. Neglecting the other losses and mass
increased due to fuel consume. Determine compressor power per kg
per sec and thrust per kg per sec. Also calculate thermal efficiency.
Assume for gasses in combustion chamber, turbine and jet pipe
Cp=1.12kJ/kgK and ᵞ = 1.33 and for air ᵞ = 1.4 and
R=0.287kJ/kgK.
9 a). Classify rockets and explain solid and liquid propellant rockets Comprehens 1
b)A turbojet aircraft is flying at a speed of 287m/sec, where the ion,
ambient conditions are 0.5bar and -200C. The compressor pressure Knowledge
ratio is 8.The maximum cycle temperature is not to exceed 1250K,

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S. No. Question Blooms Course

Taxonomy Outcomes
Level
with fuel of calorific value of 44000kJ/kg. The pressure loss in the
combustion chamber is 0.1bar. The various efficiencies are listed as
Ram air efficiency is 90%, Isentrophic efficiency of compressor and
turbine are 85% and 80%respectively. Combustion efficiency is
98%, nozzle efficiency is 90%. If the outlet area of the nozzle is
0.1m2. Determine the mass flow rate, the thrust developed and
specific fuel consumption.
10 a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of turbojet engines? Knowledge 1

ld
b) Explain with the help of entropy and enthalpy diagrams a turbojet Comprehens
gas turbine plant? How it is differs from Turbo Prop plant? ion

or
W
TU
JN

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