TROCKERS ONLINE

REVISION
General Certificate of Education Advanced Level

PURE MATHEMATICS 6042/1

PAPER 1
Lockdown Revision 2021 SESSION 3 hours

MARKING GUIDE

1) √9 − 4𝑥 2
Domain 𝑥 ∈ ℝ: 9 − 4𝑥 2 ≥ 0
(3 − 2𝑥)(3 + 2𝑥) ≥ 0
3
Critical values: 𝑥 = ±
2

𝑦
9

3
𝑥
− 3
2 2

3 3
∴ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ: − ≤ 𝑥 ≤
2 2
[4]

2) The line 2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 1 = 0 is tangent to the circle at the point (2; 5) and the centre of
the circles lies on 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 4.

(2; 5)
𝑟 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 4

2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 1 = 0

1
The radius of the circle is 𝑎√𝑏, find 𝑎 + 𝑏, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are positive integers.

2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 1 = 0
⇒ 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
⇒ 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 2
1
⇒ 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑟 = −
2

Equation of 𝑟:
𝑦−5 1
⇒ =−
𝑥−2 2
⇒ 2𝑦 − 10 = −𝑥 + 2
⇒ 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 12

Finding the coordinates of the centre:

𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 12 (i)

𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 4 (ii)

(i) + (ii)

2𝑥 = 16

𝑥 = 8.

𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 12 (i)

8 + 2𝑦 = 12

2𝑦 = 4

𝑦=2

∴ The coordinates of the centre are (8; 2)

Finding the length of the radius:

𝑟 = √(8 − 2)2 + (2 − 5)2

𝑟 = √36 + 9

𝑟 = √45

𝑟 = √9 × 5

2
 ∴ 𝑟 = 3√5

Now:
𝑎 = 3 and 𝑏 = 5
⇒ 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 3 + 5 = 8. [5]

3) Find the percentage change in the curved surface area of a solid cone of fixed height
20𝑐𝑚 corresponding to a 1% increase in its base radius from 10𝑐𝑚.

𝑙
ℎ

𝑟
Since the height is fixed:
𝑙 2 = 𝑟 2 + ℎ2

⇒ 𝑙2 = 𝑟2 + 202

⇒ 𝑙2 = 𝑟2 + 400

∴ 𝑙 = √𝑟 2 + 400

Now:
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟𝑙

⇒ 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟√𝑟2 + 400
1
⇒ 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟(𝑟2 + 400)2

𝑑𝐴 1 1 1
⇒ = 𝜋𝑟 [ (𝑟2 + 400)2−1 × 2𝑟] + (𝑟2 + 400)2 (𝜋) 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑅𝑢𝑙𝑒 𝑢𝑣 ′ + 𝑣𝑢′
𝑑𝑟 2

𝑑𝐴 𝜋 𝑟2
⇒ = + 𝜋√𝑟2 + 400
𝑑𝑟 √𝑟2 + 400

Also:
𝑑𝐴 𝛿𝐴
=
𝑑𝑟 𝛿𝑟

3
 𝑑𝐴
⇒ 𝛿𝐴 = ( ) 𝛿𝑟
𝑑𝑟
𝜋 𝑟2 1
⇒ 𝛿𝐴 = [ + 𝜋√𝑟2 + 400] ( × 10)
√𝑟2 + 400 100

𝜋 𝑟2 1
⇒ 𝛿𝐴 = [ + 𝜋√𝑟2 + 400] ( )
√𝑟2 + 400 10

𝜋102 1
⇒ 𝛿𝐴 = [ + 𝜋√102 + 400] ( )
√102 + 400 10

100𝜋 1
⇒ 𝛿𝐴 = [ + √500𝜋] ( )
√500 10

Percentage change:
𝛿𝐴
% (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎) = × 100%
𝐴
100𝜋 1
[ + √500𝜋] ( )
10
= √
500
× 100%
𝜋×𝑟×𝑙
100𝜋 1
[ + √500𝜋] ( )
10
= √
500
× 100%
𝜋 × 10 × √500
100 1
[ + √500] ( )
10
= √
500
× 10%
√500
100
=[ + 1] %
500
600
= %
500
= 1.2% [5]

3(2−𝑥)
4) It is given that 𝑓(𝑥) ≡ 2 .
(1−2𝑥) (1+𝑥)
3(2−𝑥)
(i) 𝑓(𝑥) ≡ 2
(1−2𝑥) (1+𝑥)

3(2 − 𝑥) 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
Let 2
≡ + 2
+
(1 − 2𝑥) (1 + 𝑥) 1 − 2𝑥 (1 − 2𝑥) (1 + 𝑥)
𝐴(1 − 2𝑥)(1 + 𝑥) + 𝐵(1 + 𝑥) + 𝐶(1 − 2𝑥)2
≡
(1 − 2𝑥)2 (1 + 𝑥)

4
 ⇒ 𝐴(1 − 2𝑥)(1 + 𝑥) + 𝐵(1 + 𝑥) + 𝐶(1 − 2𝑥)2 = 3(2 − 𝑥)

1 3 9
When 𝑥 = −1: 9𝐶 = 9 When 𝑥 = : 𝐵=
2 2 2
𝐶=1 𝐵=3

Comparing the coefficients of 𝑥 2 : −2𝐴 + 4𝐶 = 0

−2𝐴 + 4 = 0
2𝐴 = 4
𝐴=2

3(2 − 𝑥) 2 3 1
∴ 2
≡ + 2
+
(1 − 2𝑥) (1 + 𝑥) 1 − 2𝑥 (1 − 2𝑥) (1 + 𝑥)
[5]
(ii) showing that
2

∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 1 − 𝐼𝑛2.
1

2 2
2 3 1
∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫ [ + 2
+ ] 𝑑𝑥
1 − 2𝑥 (1 − 2𝑥) (1 + 𝑥)
1 1

2
2 1
= ∫[ + 3(1 − 2𝑥)−2 + ] 𝑑𝑥
1 − 2𝑥 (1 + 𝑥)
1

3(1 − 2𝑥)−2+1 2
= [−𝐼𝑛|1 − 2𝑥| + + 𝐼𝑛|1 + 𝑥|]
(−2 + 1)(−2) 1

3 2
= [−𝐼𝑛|1 − 2𝑥| + + 𝐼𝑛|1 + 𝑥|]
2(1 − 2𝑥) 1

3 1+𝑥 2
=[ + 𝐼𝑛 | |]
2(1 − 2𝑥) 1 − 2𝑥 1

3 3 3 2
=[ + 𝐼𝑛 | |] − [ + 𝐼𝑛 | |]
2(−3) −3 2(−1) −1

1 3
= [− + 𝐼𝑛|−1|] − [− + 𝐼𝑛|−2|]
2 2

1 3
= [− + 𝐼𝑛1] − [− + 𝐼𝑛2]
2 2

5
 3 1
= − − 𝐼𝑛2
2 2

= 1 − 𝐼𝑛2 (𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑)

5) Relative to an origin 𝑂, the position vectors of points 𝐴 and 𝐵 are given by

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝒊 − 2𝒋 + 2𝒌 and 𝑂𝐵
𝑂𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 3𝒊 + 𝑝𝒋 + 𝑞𝒌,
where 𝑝 and 𝑞 are constants,
a) If ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ then:
𝑂𝐴 is parallel to 𝑂𝐵
1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐴 = (−2)
2
⇒ 𝑂𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝛼𝑂𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
Now:
3 = 𝛼(1)
p∴ 𝛼 = 3

⇒ 𝑝 = 3(−2) = −6
⇒ 𝑞 = 3(2) = 6. [2]

b) Given 𝑞 = 2𝑝
1 3
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⇒ 𝑂𝐴 = (−2) and 𝑂𝐵 = ( 𝑝 )
2 2𝑝

If 𝐵𝑂̂𝐴 = 90° then ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑂𝐴. 𝑂𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 0
1 3
⇒ (−2) . ( 𝑝 ) = 0
2 2𝑝

⇒ 3 − 2𝑝 + 4𝑝 = 0

⇒ 3 + 2𝑝 = 0

3
⇒∴ 𝑝 = −
2
[3]

c) Given 𝑝 = 1 and 𝑞 = 8,
1 3
⇒ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐴 = (−2) and 𝑂𝐵⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (1)
2 8

6
 3 1 2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (1) − (−2) = (3)
⇒ 𝐴𝐵
8 2 6

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = √22 + 32 + 62 = √49 = 7

⇒ |𝐴𝐵

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ is given by:

Now the unit vector in the direction of 𝐴𝐵
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 1
̂ =
𝐴𝐵 = (2𝒊 + 3𝒋 + 6𝒌)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | 7
|𝐴𝐵
[3]
6)
𝑦

1
𝑦=
√2𝑥 + 1
𝑥
0 4
1
The diagram shows part of the curve with equation 𝑦 = .
√2𝑥+1
The shaded region is bounded by the curve, the coordinate axes and the line 𝑥 = 4.
(a) Find the area of the shaded region. [4]
4 4
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
√2𝑥 + 1
0 0

4
1
= ∫(2𝑥 + `1)−2 𝑑𝑥
0

1
(2𝑥 + `1)−2+1 4
=[ ]
1 0
(− 2 + 1) (2)

1
(2𝑥 + `1)2 4
=[ ]
1 0
(2) (2)

4
= [√2𝑥 + 1]
0

= [√9] − [√1]

= 2 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

7
 The shaded region is rotated through four right angles about the 𝑥- 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠.
(b) Find the volume of the solid formed, giving your answer in the form 𝜋𝐼𝑛𝑘. [5]
4 4
2
1
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝜋 ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝜋 ∫ ( ) 𝑑𝑥
√2𝑥 + 1
0 0
4
1
= 𝜋∫ 𝑑𝑥
2𝑥 + 1
0

4
1
= 𝜋∫ 𝑑𝑥
2𝑥 + 1
0

4
1 2
= 𝜋∫ 𝑑𝑥
2 2𝑥 + 1
0

1 4
= 𝜋𝐼𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)
2 0

1 1
= 𝜋𝐼𝑛(9) − 𝜋𝐼𝑛(1)
2 2
1
= 𝜋𝐼𝑛(9)2

= 𝜋𝐼𝑛3 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑖𝑐 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

7) A curve 𝐶 has parametric equations

𝑥 = 3 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡, 𝑦 = 4 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡, 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2𝜋
2
(a) Show that all points on 𝐶 satisfy 𝑦 = 6 − (𝑥 − 3) . [3]

𝑥 = 3 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝑥−3
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (i)
2

𝑦 = 4 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡
(𝑦 − 4)
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 =
2
(𝑦 − 4)
⇒ 1 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡 =
2
(𝑦 − 4)
⇒ 1 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡 = (ii)
2
Substituting (i) into (ii):

8
 (𝑦 − 4)
⇒ 1 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡 = (ii)
2
𝑥 − 3 2 (𝑦 − 4)
⇒ 1 − 2( ) =
2 2
(𝑥 − 3)2 (𝑦 − 4)
⇒1− =
2 2
2
⇒ 2 − (𝑥 − 3) = 𝑦 − 4
∴ 𝑦 = 6 − (𝑥 − 3)2 (𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑)

8) Given that 𝑦 = 𝑥 √4𝑥 + 1.

𝑑𝑦 6𝑥+1
a) Show that = , [4]
𝑑𝑥 √4𝑥+1
1
𝑦 = 𝑥(4𝑥 + 1)2

𝑑𝑦 1 1 1
= 𝑥 [ (4𝑥 + 1)2−1 × 4] + (4𝑥 + 1)2 (1)
𝑑𝑥 2

2𝑥 1
= 1 + (4𝑥 + 1)
2
(4𝑥 + 1)2

1 2
2𝑥 + [(4𝑥 + 1)2 ]
= 1
(4𝑥 + 1)2

2𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 1
= 1
(4𝑥 + 1)2

6𝑥 + 1
=
√4𝑥 + 1

𝑑𝑦
b) Solve the equation 𝑑𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 0. [4]
𝑑𝑦
− 5𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥
6𝑥 + 1
⇒ − 5(𝑥√4𝑥 + 1) = 0
√4𝑥 + 1

6𝑥 + 1
⇒ (√4𝑥 + 1) − 5(𝑥√4𝑥 + 1)(√4𝑥 + 1) = 0(√4𝑥 + 1)
√4𝑥 + 1

⇒ (6𝑥 + 1) − 5𝑥(4𝑥 + 1) = 0

9
 ⇒ 6𝑥 + 1 − 20𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 = 0

⇒ 20𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 1 = 0

⇒ 20𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 1 = 0

⇒ 5𝑥(4𝑥 − 1) + 1(4𝑥 − 1) = 0

⇒ (5𝑥 + 1)(4𝑥 − 1) = 0

⇒ 5𝑥 + 1 = 0 𝑜𝑟 4𝑥 − 1 = 0

1 1
∴𝑥=− 𝑜𝑟
5 4

9) Evaluate
20

∑ 3𝑟 − 5.
𝑟=11

𝑛 𝑛
1
∑ 𝑟 = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1); ∑ 𝑎 = 𝑎𝑛
2
𝑟=1 𝑟=1

20 20 10

∑ 3𝑟 − 5 = ∑ 3𝑟 − 5 − ∑ 3𝑟 − 5
𝑟=11 𝑟=1 𝑟=1

Aside
20 20 20

∑ 3𝑟 − 5 = 3 ∑ 𝑟 − ∑ 5
𝑟=1 𝑟=1 𝑟=1

1
= 3 [ (20)(20 + 1)] − 20 × 5
2

= 3[(10)(21)] − 100

= 3(210) − 100

= 630 − 100

= 530

10
 10 10 10

∑ 3𝑟 − 5 = 3 ∑ 𝑟 − ∑ 5
𝑟=1 𝑟=1 𝑟=1

1
= 3 [ (10)(10 + 1)] − 10 × 5
2

= 3(5 × 11) − 50

= 3(55) − 50

= 165 − 50

= 115

Now:
20

∑ 3𝑟 − 5 = 530 − 115
𝑟=11

= 415 [5]

Accept any equivalent method e.g., AP: 𝑎 = 28, 𝑛 = 10 and 𝑙 = 55

10) The diagram below shows the line 𝐴𝐵 which is perpendicular to the straight line 𝐶𝐵
at the point 𝐵.

𝐴(0; 6) 𝐵

𝑥
0
𝐶

The equation of the straight line 𝐶𝐵 is 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 4. Find the coordinates of 𝐵.

1
Gradient of 𝐶𝐵 = 3 ⇒ gradient of 𝐴𝐵 = − 3.
Equation of 𝐶𝐵:
𝑦−6 1
=−
𝑥 3

11
 ⇒ 3(𝑦 − 6) = −(𝑥)
⇒ 3𝑦 − 18 = −𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 = 18 − 3𝑦

Finding the coordinates of 𝐵:

𝑥 = 18 − 3𝑦 (i)
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 4 (ii)

Substituting equation (i) into equation (ii):

𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 4 (ii)
⇒ 𝑦 = 3(18 − 3𝑦) − 4
⇒ 𝑦 = 54 − 9𝑦 − 4
⇒ 10𝑦 = 50
𝑦=5

𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 4 (ii)
⇒ 5 = 3𝑥 − 4
⇒ 3𝑥 = 9
𝑥=3
∴The coordinates of 𝐵 are (3; 5). [4]

11) The rate of growth in the number of yeast cells, 𝑁, present in a culture after 𝑡 hours is
proportional to 𝑁.
(a) By forming and solving a differential equation, show that 𝑁 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑘𝑡 , where 𝐴
and 𝑘 are positive constants. [4]
𝑑𝑁
∝𝑁
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑁
⇒ = 𝑘𝑁
𝑑𝑡
1
⇒ ∫ 𝑑𝑁 = ∫ 𝑘 𝑑𝑡
𝑁
⇒ 𝐼𝑛𝑁 = 𝑘𝑡 + 𝑐
⇒ 𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑁 = 𝑒 𝑘𝑡+𝑐
⇒ 𝑁 = 𝑒 𝑘𝑡 . 𝑒 𝑐
∴ 𝑁 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑘𝑡 (𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑)

12
Initially there are 200 yeast cells in the culture and after 2 hours there are 3000 yeast
cells in the culture. Find, to the nearest minute, after how long
(b) there are 10 000 yeast cells in the culture, [5]
𝑁 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑘𝑡
Initially there are 200 yeast cells ⇒ 𝑡 = 0 and 𝑁 = 200
200 = 𝐴𝑒 0
∴ 𝐴 = 200
After 2 hours there are 3000 yeast cells ⇒ 𝑡 = 2 and 𝑁 = 3000
𝑁 = 200𝑒 𝑘𝑡
⇒ 3000 = 200𝑒 2𝑘
3000
⇒ = 𝑒 2𝑘
200
⇒ 15 = 𝑒 2𝑘
⇒ 𝐼𝑛(15) = 𝐼𝑛𝑒 2𝑘
⇒ 2𝑘 = 𝐼𝑛15
1
⇒𝑘= 𝐼𝑛15
2
1
∴ 𝑁 = 200𝑒 2𝐼𝑛15𝑡

When 𝑁 = 10 000, 𝑡 =?
1
10000 = 200𝑒 2𝐼𝑛15𝑡
10000 1
⇒ = 𝑒 2𝐼𝑛15𝑡
200
1
⇒ 50 = 𝑒 2𝐼𝑛15𝑡
1
⇒ 𝐼𝑛(50) = 𝐼𝑛 (𝑒 2𝐼𝑛15𝑡 )

1
⇒ 𝐼𝑛50 = 𝐼𝑛15𝑡
2

2𝐼𝑛50
⇒𝑡=
𝐼𝑛15

⇒ 𝑡 = 2.889180565ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
⇒ 𝑡 = 2ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 53𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 21𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠

∴ 𝑡 = 2ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 53𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠

13
 (c) the number of yeast cells is increasing at the rate of 5 per second. [4]
5 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 = 5 × 3600 = 18000 𝑝𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟
1
𝑁 = 200𝑒 2𝐼𝑛15𝑡
𝑑𝑁 1 1
= ( 𝐼𝑛15) 200𝑒 2𝐼𝑛15𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2
1 1
⇒ 18000 = ( 𝐼𝑛15) 200𝑒 (2𝐼𝑛15)𝑡
2
1 90
⇒ 𝑒 (2𝐼𝑛15)𝑡 =
1
(2 𝐼𝑛15)

1 90
⇒ 𝐼𝑛 [𝑒 (2𝐼𝑛15)𝑡 ] = 𝐼𝑛 [ ]
1
(2 𝐼𝑛15)

1 90
⇒ ( 𝐼𝑛15) 𝑡 = 𝐼𝑛 [ ]
2 1
(2 𝐼𝑛15)

90
𝐼𝑛 [ 1 ]
(2 𝐼𝑛15)
⇒𝑡=
1
(2 𝐼𝑛15)

⇒ 𝑡 = 3.099446206937ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠

⇒ 𝑡 = 3ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 5𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 56𝑠𝑒𝑐

∴ 𝑡 = 3ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 6𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠

12) (a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + 𝐼𝑛𝑥

𝑓(1) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(12 ) + 𝐼𝑛1 = 0.540302305868

𝑓(1.5) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(1.52 ) + 𝐼𝑛1.5 = −0.222708514615

Since there is a change in sign there is a root between 1 and 1.5. [3]

(b) Find the root of the equation 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + 𝐼𝑛𝑥 = 0 correct to 6 decimal place using
the Newton Raphson Method with first approximation 𝑥1 = 1.3. [5]

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + 𝐼𝑛𝑥

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 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −2𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥 2 ) +
𝑥

𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )
𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛 −
𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑛 )

𝑥1 = 1.3

𝑓(𝑥1 )
𝑥2 = 𝑥1+1 = 𝑥1 −
𝑓 ′ (𝑥1 )

𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + 𝐼𝑛𝑥
= 𝑥1 −
1
−2𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥

𝑐𝑜𝑠(1.32 ) + 𝐼𝑛1.3
= 1.3 −
1
−2(1.3) 𝑠𝑖𝑛(1.32 ) + 1.3

= 1.379148713

𝑥3 = 𝑥2+1 = 1.377150327

𝑥4 = 𝑥3+1 = 1.377150369

∴The root is 1.377150 to 6 decimal places.

13) The diagram shows a circle 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑇, centre 𝑂 and radius 5𝑐𝑚. 𝐽𝑄𝐾 is a tangent to the
circle at 𝑄.
𝐿

𝐽 𝑄 𝐾
𝑃 𝑅
𝛼
0 𝛼

𝑇
The straight lines, 𝐽𝑂 and 𝐾𝑂, intersect the circle at 𝑃 and 𝑅 respectively. 𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅 is a

rhombus 𝐽𝐿𝐾 is an arc of a circle, centre 𝑂. Calculate

15
(i) the angle 𝛼 in terms of 𝜋, [2]

𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅 is a rhombus

The diagram shows a circle 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑇, centre 𝑂 and radius 5𝑐𝑚

⇒ 𝑂𝑄 = 𝑂𝑃 = 𝑂𝑅 = 5𝑐𝑚

𝑃 5 𝑅
𝛼
5 2

⇒ Triangle 𝑂𝑃𝑄 is equilateral

𝛼 𝜋
⇒ =
2 3
2
∴𝛼= 𝜋
3

(ii) the length, in 𝑐𝑚, of the arc 𝐽𝐿𝐾, [4]

𝑄
𝐾

5
𝜋
3

𝜋 5
𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( ) =
3 𝑂𝐾

5
⇒ 𝑂𝐾 = 𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠 (3 )

5
⇒ 𝑂𝐾 =
1
(2)

∴ 𝑂𝐾 = 10𝑐𝑚

16
 Now:

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑟𝑐 = 𝑟𝜃

2
= 10 ( 𝜋)
3

20
=( 𝜋) 𝑐𝑚
3

(iii)the area, in 𝑐𝑚2, of the shaded region. [4]

1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑟 2 (𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)
2
1 2 2
= (10)2 [ 𝜋 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝜋)]
2 3 3
2 √3
= 50 ( 𝜋 − )
3 2
100
=( 𝜋 − 25√3) 𝑐𝑚2
3

14) Given that 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3), 𝑥 ∈ ℝ

Find the coordinates of the stationary point of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) [3]
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)
⇒ 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 3
Now
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 + 4 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 = −4
∴ 𝑥 = −2

𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)
⇒ 𝑓(𝑥) = (−2 + 1)(−2 + 3)
= (−1)(1)
= −1
∴ The coordinates of the turning point are (−2; −1)

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 Hence, on separate diagrams, sketch the graphs of the following functions clearly
showing the coordinates of the points where the graphs meet the axes:
(i) 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)
When 𝑓(𝑥) = 0; 𝑥 = −1 or − 3
When 𝑥 = 0; 𝑓(𝑥) = 3
𝑦

3
𝑥
−3 −1 0

(−2; −1)

[2]
(ii) 𝑦 = 3𝑓(2𝑥 + 1).

• Translation along the 𝑥-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 moving 1 unit leftwards

1
• Stretch along the 𝑥-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 with factor
2
• Stretch along the 𝑦-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 with factor 3

24

𝑥
−2 −1

3
(− ; −3)
2

[3]

15) (a) In the year 2000 Trockers Online Academy recruited 150 learners. Each year the
academy recruits 10 more learners than the year before, so that the academy recruited
160 learners in 2001, 170 learners in 2002, and so on forming an arithmetic
sequence.

18
 (i) Show that the academy recruited 220 learners in 2007. [2]
𝑌𝑒𝑎𝑟1 = 𝑎 = 150

𝑌𝑒𝑎𝑟2 = 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 160

𝑌𝑒𝑎𝑟3 = 𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 170

⇒ 𝑎 = 150 and 𝑑 = 10

Now

𝑌𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑

⇒ 𝑌8 = 150 + 7(10)

= 150 + 70

= 220 (𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑)

(ii) Calculate the total number of learners the academy recruited from 2000 to
2013 inclusive. [4]
2000 to 2013 inclusive ⇒ 𝑛 = 14
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
14
⇒ 𝑆14 = [2(150) + (14 − 1)10]
2

= 7(300 + 130)

= 7(430)

= 3010

(b) A geometric progression has first term 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 27 and a common ratio 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦.
(i) For the sum to infinity to exist |𝑟| < 1

⇒ |𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦| < 1

⇒ −1 < 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦 < 1

⇒ 2−1 < 𝑦 < 21

1
∴ <𝑦<2 𝑁𝐵: 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦 = 1 ⇒ 21 = 𝑦
2
[3]

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 (ii) The sum to infinity of the progression is 3.
⇒ 𝑆∞ = 3

𝑎
⇒ =3
1−𝑟

𝑙𝑜𝑔2 27
⇒ =3
1 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦

⇒ 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 27 = 3 − 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦

⇒ 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 27 + 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦 = 3

⇒ 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 33 + 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦 = 3

⇒ 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 3 + 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦 = 3

⇒ 3(𝑙𝑜𝑔2 3 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑦) = 3

⇒ 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 3𝑦 = 1

⇒ 3𝑦 = 21

2
∴𝑦=
3
[5]

16) Show that (𝑥 + 3) is a factor of both 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 45 and

𝑄(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 + 15𝑥. Find the other common factor of 𝑃(𝑥) and 𝑄(𝑥). [5]

𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 45

𝑃(−3) = (−3)3 + 5(−3)2 − 9(−3) − 45

= −27 + 45 + 27 − 45

=0

Since 𝑃(𝑥) = 0 ∴ (𝑥 + 3) is a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 45

𝑄(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 + 15𝑥

𝑄(−3) = (−3)3 + 8(−3)2 + 15(−3)

= −27 + 72 − 45

=0

20
Since 𝑄(𝑥) = 0 ∴ (𝑥 + 3) is a factor of 𝑄(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 + 15𝑥

∴ (𝑥 + 3) is a factor of both 𝑃(𝑥) and 𝑄(𝑥).

𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 45

= 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 5) − 9(𝑥 + 5)

= (𝑥 2 − 9)(𝑥 + 5)

= (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 5)

𝑄(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 + 15𝑥

= 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 15)

= 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 15)

= 𝑥[𝑥(𝑥 + 5) + 3(𝑥 + 5)]

= 𝑥(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 5)

∴ The other common factor is (𝑥 + 5)

NB - Accept any equivalent method e.g., long division

21
CONSTRUCTIVE COMMENTS ON THE FORM
OF THE PRESENTATION, INCLUDING ANY
OMISSIONS OR ERRORS, ARE WELCOME.

***ENJOY***

Nyasha P. Tarakino (Trockers)

+263772978155/+263717267175

[email protected]

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