Solution

VOLUME 1 TEST (2024-25) SET C (DUPLICATE)

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(c) bijective
Explanation: The function f(x) = x + 2 is one-one as for x1, x2 ∈ Z.
Consider, f(x1) = f(x2)
⇒ x1 + 2 = x2 + 2
⇒ x1 = x2
Also, let y ∈ codomain of f = Z such that
y = f(x) ⇒ y = x + 2
⇒ x = y - 2 ∈ Z for all y ∈ Z
∴ f is onto.

Hence, f(x) = x + 2 is bijective.

2.
(c) one-one and onto
Explanation: Given: Let A = R - {3}, B = R - {1}
x−2
f: A → B f(x) = x∈A
x−3

Step 1: Injective or One-One function:

Let f(x) = f(y), x, y ≠ 3
x−2 y−2
=
x−3 y−3

(x - 2)(y - 3) = (y - 2)(x - 3)
xy - 2y - 3x + 6 = xy - 2x - 3y + 6xy - 2y - 3x + 6 = xy - 2x - 3y + 6
- 2x + 3y = - 2x + 3x - 2x + 3y = - 2x + 3x
x=y
Hence f is one-one
Step 2 : Surjective or One-to function:
Let y ∈ B such that y ≠ 1
x−2
y= x−3

y(x - 3) = (x - 2)y(x - 3) = (x - 2)
yx - 3y = x - 2yx - 3y = x - 2
yx - x = 3y - 2yx - x = 3y - 2
x(y - 1) = 3y - 2
3y−2
x= y−1

x ∈ A since y ≠ 1
Hence there exists x ∈ A for every y ∈ B such that f(x) = y
f is onto
Hence f is bijective.
3.
(b) None of these
Explanation: Number of onto function
= 36 - 3C1 (3 - 1)6 + 3C2(3 - 2)6 - 3C3 (3 - 3)6

= 36 - 3 × 26 + 3 × 1 = 36 - 3 × 26 + 3
= 3 × (35 - 26 + 1) = 3(243 - 64 + 1)
= 3 × (244 - 64) = 3 × 180 = 540
4. (a) 1
√3
Explanation: If x = 2
, then

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 √3 √3
−1 −1
−1 −1 sin + cos
sin x+ cos x
tan ( 2
) = tan [ 2

2
2
]

π π π
+
π
= tan ( = tan ( = tan =1
3 6 2
) )
2 2 4

5. (a) [-1, 2)
Explanation: Domain of sin-1 x is [-1, 1].
∴ Domain of sin-1 [x] is {x : -1 ≤ [x] ≤ 1}
⎧ −1
⎪
∀ −1 ≤ x < 0

But [x] = ⎨ 0 ∀ 0 ≤ x < 1

⎩
⎪
1 ∀ 1 ≤ x < 2

∴ Domain of sin-1 [x] is [-1, 2)

6. (a) − 10
π

Explanation: sin-1(cos
40π+3π
)
5

= sin-1 cos (8π +

3π
)
5

= sin-1 (cos
3π
)
5

= sin-1 (sin(
π 3π
− ))
2 5

= sin-1(sin(−
π π
)) = −
10 10

7.
–
(c) ±4√3
1 0 2 x
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤

Explanation: Given, [ x −5 −1 ] ⎢ 0 2 1⎥⎢4 ⎥ = 0

⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
2 0 3 1

⇒ x × 1 + (-5) × 0 + (-1) × 2 x × 0 + (-5 ) × 2 + (-1) × 0

x
⎡ ⎤

x × 2 + (−5) × 1 + (−1) × 3] ⎢ 4 ⎥ = 0

⎣ ⎦
1

x
⎡ ⎤
⇒ [x − 2 −10 2x − 8 ] ⎢ 4 ⎥ = 0
⎣ ⎦
1

⇒ [(x - 2) × x + (-10 ) × 4 + (2x - 8 ) × 1] = 0

⇒ x2 - 2x - 40 + 2x - 8 = 0
⇒ x2 = 48
−− –
⇒ x = ± √48 = ±4√3

8.
(d) 1
Explanation: 1
9. (a) 64
Explanation: 64
10.
(b) -7
Explanation: -7
∣6 0 −1 ∣
∣ ∣
2 1 4
∣ ∣
∣1 1 3 ∣

=6(3-4) -0(6-4)+(-1)( 2-1)

= 6 (-1) +0+ (-1)
= -6 -1
=-7

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11.
(b) 4|A|
∣1 2∣ ∣2 4∣
Explanation: A = ∣ ∣ , 2A = ∣ ∣
∣4 2∣ ∣8 4∣

|2A| = 22 |A| = 4 |A|

12.
(b) -5
Explanation: -5
4 3 2
⎡ ⎤

⎢2 −1 0⎥
⎣ ⎦
1 2 3

A23 = (-1) 5 (8-3)

=-5

13.
(d) a2
Explanation: Given,F(x) is continuous at x = 0.
2
sin ax
⇒ f (x) = limx→0
2
x
2 2
sin ax a
⇒ f (x) = limx→0 ×
2 2
x a
2
sin ax 2
⇒ f (x) = limx→0 ( ) × a
ax

⇒ f(x) = a2
∴ k = a2
14.
(c) n2y
Explanation: y1/n + y-1/n = 2x
Differentiating both sides we get
1 −1
y1
−1 −1
(y n − y n ) = 2
n

1 −1

⇒ y1 (y n − y n ) = 2ny

Again differentiating both sides we get

−1 −1 −1
1 y 1
1 −1
y2 (y n − y n ) + (y n + y n ) = 2ny1
n

−1 2 −1
1 y 1
1 2
⇒ ny2 (y n − y n ) + (y n + y n ) = 2n y1
y

1 −1
2 2
⇒ ny y2 (y n − y n ) + 2xy = 2n y y1
1

2ny
2 2
⇒ ny y2 + 2xy = 2n y y1
y 1
1
2 2
n y y2
2
⇒ + xy1 = n y
2
y
1
2
1 −1

(y n − y n )

2
⇒ y2 + xy1 = n y
4
2
1 −1

(y n + y n ) −4

2
⇒ y2 + xy1 = n y
4
2
4x −4 2
⇒ y2 + xy1 = n y
4

⇒ (x2 - 1) y2 + xy1 = n2y

15.
(c) f(x) is right continuous
Explanation: LHL = lim f(x) = lim (1 - 3x) = 1
− −
x→0 x→0

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 RHL = lim f(x) = lim (x2 + 3) = 3
+ +
x→0 x→0

f(0) = 3, LHL ≠ RHL = f(0)

⇒ f(x) is right continuous but discontinuous from left.

16.
(d) 2π r(2rh2 - h3)
2

Explanation:

Here, CSA of cone = π Rl

Radius of sphere = r
height of cone = h
In △AOC,
AO2 = AC2 + OC2
⇒ r2 = R2 + (h - r)2
⇒ R2 = 2hr - h2
−−−−−−−
∴ Radius of cone, R = √2hr − h ...(i) 2

In △ABC,
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
⇒ l2 = R2 + h2
⇒ l2 = 2hr - h2 + h2
− −−
∴ slant height = √2hr ...(ii)

CSA of cone = π Rl
−−−−−−− − −−
2
= π√2hr − h √2hr

(CSA of cone)2 = π (2hr - h2)(2hr) 2

= 2π hr(2hr - h2)
2

= 2π r(2rh2- h3)
2

17.
−
−
(c) 2√ab
b
Explanation: Given f(x) = ax + x
(a > 0, b > 0, x > 0)
f'(x) = a b

2
x

for critical points

f'(x) = 0
a- b

2
=0
x

x2 = a
b

−
−
x = ±√ b

but x > 0
−
−
b
⇒ x = √
a

−2
f''(x) = -b( 3
)
x

2b
f''(x) = 3
x
−
−
b 2 b
f''(√ a
) =
3
> 0 as a > 0, b > 0
b
(√ )
a
−
−
⇒ at x = √ b

a
we will get minimum value

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 −
− −
− −
−
b b a
⇒ f (√ ) = a⋅ √ + b ⋅ √
a a b

−
− −
−
= √ab + √ab
−−
= 2√ab
18.
(b) local minima at x = 2 and a local maxima at x = – 2
4
Explanation: Given , f(x) = x + x

′ 4
⇒ f (x) = 1 −
2
x

′
⇒ f (x) = 0

⇒ x = ±2

′′ 8
⇒ f (x) =
3
x

′′ 8
⇒ f (2) = = 1 > 0
8

′′ 8
⇒ f (−2) = = −1 < 0
−8

So, f(x) has a local minima at x = 2 and a local minima at x= -2.

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Assertion: Given that,
A = {2, 4, 6},
R = {3, 5, 7, 9}
and R = {(2,3), (4, 5), (6, 7)}
Here, f(2) = 3, f(4) = 5 and f(6) = 7
It can be seen that the images of distinct elements of A under f are distinct.
Hence, function f is one-one but f is not onto as 9 ∈ B does not have a pre-image in A.
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not a correct explanation of Assertion.
20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B
21. Given that, A = {1, 2, 3} and R = {1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3)}
Now,
For Reflexivity:
Clearly, as (1,1), (2,2), (3,3) ∈ R
⇒ R is reflexive

R is not symmetric
as (1,2), (2,3) ∈ R but (2,1), (3,2) ∉ R
R is not transitive
as (1,2) ∈ R and (2,3) ∈ R ⇒ (1,3) ∉ R
Thus, R is reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive.
22. The domain of sin-1 x is [-1,1]. Therefore, f(x) = sin-1 (-x2) is defined for all x satisfying -1 ≤ -x2 ≤ 1
2
⇒ 1 ≥ x ≥ −1

2
⇒ 0 ≤ x ≤ 1

2
⇒ x ≤ 1

2
⇒ x − 1 ≤ 0

⇒ (x - 1)(x + 1) ≤ 0
⇒ −1 ≤ x ≤ 1

Hence, the domain of f(x) = sin-1 (-x2) is [-1, 1].

a
⎡ ⎤

c ⎢b⎥
23. [ a b][ ]+ [a b c d]⎢ ⎥
d ⎢c ⎥

⎣ ⎦
d

= [ac + bd] + [a + b + c + d ] 2 2 2 2

= [ac + bd = a + b + c + d ]
2 2 2 2

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 Hence,
a
⎡ ⎤

= [ac + a2 + b2 + c2 + d2].
c ⎢b ⎥
[a b] [ ] + [a b c d] ⎢ ⎥
d ⎢c ⎥

⎣ ⎦
d

1 −1 2 −2 0 1
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
24. Consider the product ⎢ 0 2 −3 ⎥ ⎢ 9 2 −3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
3 −2 4 6 1 −2

−2 − 9 + 12 0 − 2 + 2 1 + 3 − 4 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 0 + 18 − 18 0 + 4 − 3 0 − 6 + 6⎥ = ⎢ 0 1 0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−6 − 18 + 24 0 − 4 + 4 3 + 6 − 8 0 0 1
−1
1 −1 2 −2 0 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

Hence ⎢ 0 2 −3 ⎥ = ⎢ 9 2 −3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
3 −2 4 6 1 −2

Now, given system of equations can be written, in matrix form, as follows

1 −1 2 x 1
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⎢0 2 −3 ⎥ ⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢ 1 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
3 −2 4 z 2
−1
x 1 −1 2 1 2 0 1 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤

or y = ⎢0 2 −3 ⎥ ⎢1⎥ = ⎢9 2 3⎥⎢1⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
z 3 −2 4 2 6 1 2 2

−2 + 0 + 2 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 9 + 2 − 6 ⎥ = ⎢5⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
6 + 1 − 4 3

Hence, x = 0, y = 5, z = 3
25. Given: f(x) = loga x
Case 1: Let a > 1
Here x < x 1 2

⇒ log x1 < log x2

a a

⇒ f (x1 ) < f (x2 )

∴ x1 < x2 ⇒ f (x1 ) < f (x2 ) , ∀ x1 , x2 ∈ (0, ∞)

so , f(x) is increasing for a>1 on (0, ∞)

Case 2: Let 0 < a < 1
Here
x1 < x2

⇒ loga x1 > loga x2

⇒ f (x1 ) > f (x2 )

∴ x1 < x2 ⇒ f (x1 ) > f (x2 ) , ∀ x1 , x2 ∈ (0, ∞)

So f(x) is decreasing on (0, ∞)

Thus, for 0 < a < 1 f(x) is decreasing in its domain
OR
Given function is f(x) = (x - 1)(x - 2)2 = x2 - 4x + 4 (x - 1)
= x3 - 4x2 + 4x - x2 + 4x - 4
f(x) = x3 - 5x2 + 8x - 4
f’(x) = 3x2 - 10x + 8
f’(x) = 3x2 - 6x - 4x + 8
= 3x(x - 2) -4(x - 2)
= (3x - 4)(x - 2)

Function f(x) is decreasing for x∈[4/3, 2] and increasing in x∈(−∞, 4/3) ∪ (2, ∞) .
Section C
26. Check for Reflexive:

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 If (a,a) for every a ∈ R ⇒ R is Reflexive
Here a divided a ⇒ (a,a) ∈ R
R is Reflexive
Check for Symmetric
If (a,b) ∈ R then (b,a) ∈ R ⇒ R is symmetric
Here a divided by b ⇒ (1,2) ∈ but (2,1) ∉​R
R is not symmetric
Check for transitive
If (a,b), (b,c) ∈ R then (a,c) ∈​R ⇒ R is transitive
Here a divides b and b divides c ⇒ a divides c (a,c) ∈​R ⇒ R is transitive
As R is not symmetric. Hence it is not an equivalence relation.
OR
Let x1, x2 ∈ [0, ∞) such that
f(x1) = f(x2)
⇒ 4x
2
1
+ 4x1 - 5 = 4x + 4x2 - 5 2
2

⇒ (x1 + x2)(x1 - x2) + (x1 - x2) = 0

⇒ (x1 - x2)[(x1 + x2) + 1] = 0
⇒ (x1 - x2) = 0 or x1 + x2 = -1, which is rejected as x1, x2 ≥ 0
⇒ x1 = x2
∴ f is one-one.
Let f(x) = y
⇒ y = 4x2 + 4x - 5 for x ∈ [0, ∞)
⇒ 4x2 + 4x - 5 - y = 0
⇒ 4x2 + 4x - (5+y) = 0
−4± √16+16(5+y)

⇒ x= 8

−4+4√6+y

⇒ x= 8

−1+ √6+y

x= 2

Since, x ≥ 0, we have
−−− −
−1 + √6 + y≥ 0

6+y ≥ 1
y ≥ -5
⇒ y ∈ [−5, ∞)

∴ Range = Codomain = [-5, ∞ )

Hence f is onto.
27. Let us consider tan-1(1) = x then we obtain
tan x = 1 = tan π

We know that range of the principle value branch of tan-1 is [− π

2
,
π

2
]

Thus, tan-1 (1) = π

Let cos −1
(−
1

2
)= y

cos y = − 1

2
= cos(π −
π

3
) = cos(
2π

3
)

We know that range of the principle value branch of cos-1 is [0, π ]

Thus, cos (− ) =−1 1

2
2π

Let sin-1 (− 1 ) = 2
z

π π
sin z = − sin = sin(− )
6 6

We know that range of the principle value branch of sin-1 is [− π

2
,
π

2
]

sin-1 (− ) =
1 π
Thus, 2
−
6

Now,we have

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 −1 −1 1 1
tan (1) + cos (− ) + sin(− )
2 2
3π+8π−2π
= π

4
+
2π

3
−
π

6
=
12
=
9π

12
=
3π

1 2 2
⎡ ⎤

28. Given: A = ⎢ 2 1 2⎥

⎣ ⎦
2 2 1

To prove A2 – 4A – 5 I2 = O2
Here I2 is the identity matrix of order 2 and O2 is the zero matrix of order 2.

Now, we will find the matrix for A2, we get

1 2 2 1 2 2
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
2
A = A× A= ⎢2 1 2⎥⎢2 1 2⎥

⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
2 2 1 2 2 1

⇒ A2
1 × 1 + 2 × 2 + 2 × 2 1 × 2 + 2 × 1 + 2 × 2 1 × 2 + 2 × 2 + 2 × 1
⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 2 × 1 + 1 × 2 + 2 × 2 2 × 2 + 1 × 1 + 2 × 2 2 × 2 + 1 × 2 + 2 × 1⎥
⎣ ⎦
2 × 1 + 2 × 2 + 1 × 2 2 × 2 + 2 × 1 + 1 × 2 2 × 2 + 2 × 2 + 1 × 1

[as cij = ai1b1j + ai2b2j + … + ainbnj]

1 + 4 + 4 2 + 2 + 4 2 + 4 + 2
⎡ ⎤

⇒ A2 = ⎢ 2 + 2 + 4 4 + 1 + 4 4 + 2 + 2⎥

⎣ ⎦
2 + 4 + 2 4 + 2 + 2 4 + 4 + 1

9 8 8
⎡ ⎤
⇒ A2 =⎢ 8 9 8⎥ .........(1)
⎣ ⎦
8 8 9

So, Substitute corresponding values from eqn(i) in equation

A2 – 4A – 5 I2, we get
9 8 8 1 2 2 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⇒ = ⎢8 9 8⎥ − 4⎢2 1 2⎥ − 5⎢0 1 0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
8 8 9 2 2 1 0 0 1

9 8 8 4 × 1 4 × 2 4 × 2 5 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
⇒ = ⎢8 9 8⎥ − ⎢4 × 2 4 × 1 4 × 2⎥ − ⎢0 5 0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
8 8 9 4 × 2 4 × 2 4 × 1 0 0 5

9 8 8 4 8 8 5 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⇒ = ⎢8 9 8⎥ − ⎢8 4 8⎥ − ⎢0 5 0⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
8 8 9 8 8 4 0 0 5

9 − 4 − 5 8 − 8 − 0 8 − 8 − 0
⎡ ⎤

⇒ = ⎢8 − 8 − 0 9 − 4 − 5 8 − 8 − 0⎥
⎣ ⎦
8 − 8 − 0 8 − 8 − 0 9 − 4 − 5

[as rij = aij + bij + cij],

0 0 0
⎡ ⎤

⇒= ⎢ 0 0 0⎥ = O2
⎣ ⎦
0 0 0

Hence the A2 – 4A – 5I = O2 (Proved)

29. Let the charges for each page of English and Hindi be Rs x and Rs y, respectively.
Then, according to the given condition, we have
10x + 3y = 145
and 3x + 10y = 180
Above system of equations can be written in matrix form as
AX = B.........(i)
10 3 x 145
where, A = [ ] ,X=[ ] and B = [ ]
3 10 y 180

∣ 10 3 ∣
Now, |A| = ∣ ∣ = 100 - 9 = 91
∣ 3 10 ∣

⇒ |A| ≠ 0 , hence unique solution exists.

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 Now, co-factors of the elements of |A| are
C11 = (-1)2 10 =10

C12 = (-1)23 = -3

C21 = (-1)33 = -3

and C22 = (-1)4 10 = 10

T
C11 C12
∴ adj(A) = [ ]
C21 C22
T
10 −3 10 −3
= [ ] = [ ]
−3 10 −3 10

10 −3
Now, A-1 = |A|
1
adj(A) =
1

91
[ ]
−3 10

From Eq(i), we get

⇒ X = A-1B
1
10 −3 145
⇒ X = [ ][ ]
91
−3 10 180

x 1
1450 − 540
⇒ [ ]= [ ]
91
y −435 + 1800

x 1
910
⇒ [ ]= [ ]
91
y 1365

x 10
∴ [ ]= [ ]
y 15

On equating the corresponding elements, we get x = 10 and y = 15

Hence, charges for each English page is Rs 10 and each Hindi page is Rs 15.
Since, the typist charge only Rs 2 per Hindi page from a poor student Shyam.
∴ Cost of typing 5 Hindi pages for Shyam = 2 × 5 = Rs 10.

But the original amount of typing 5 Hindi pages = 5 × 15 = Rs 75

Hence, the typist charge Rs 65(Rs 75- 10) less amount from poor boy.
Care and concern towards weaker section of the society.
sin y
30. Given, x = cos(a+y)
gives
dx cos(a+y) cos y+sin y sin(a+y)
=
dy 2
cos (a+y)

2 2
dy cos (a+y) cos (a+y)
⇒
dx
=
cos(a+y−y)
=
cos a
therefore,
dy

dx
=cos a when x = 0 i.e. y = 0
31. Let ABC be an isosceles triangle inscribed in the circle with radius a such that AB = AC.
AD = AO + OD = a + a cos 2θ and BC = 2BD = 2a sin 2θ (see fig.)

Therefore, area of the triangle ABC i.e. △ = 1

2
BC . AD

1
= 2a sin 2θ. (a + a cos 2θ)
2

2
= a sin 2θ (1 + cos 2θ)

2 1 2
⇒ △= a sin 2θ + a sin 4θ
2

Therefore, dΔ

dθ
= 2a
2
cos 2θ + 2a
2
cos 4θ

2
= 2a (cos 2θ + cos 4θ)
dΔ
= 0 ⇒ cos 2θ = − cos 4θ = cos(π − 4θ)
dθ
π
Therefore, 2θ = π − 4θ ⇒ θ = 6
2
d Δ 2 π
= 2a (−2 sin 2θ − 4 sin 4θ) < 0 (at θ = )
2 6
dθ

Therefore, Area of triangle is maximum when θ = π

6
.

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 Section D
32. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
The nut and bolt manufacturing business has gained popularity due to the rapid Industrialization and introduction of the Capital-
Intensive Techniques in the Industries that are used as the Industrial fasteners to connect various machines and structures. Mr.
Suresh is in Manufacturing business of Nuts and bolts. He produces three types of bolts, x, y, and z which he sells in two markets.
Annual sales (in ₹) indicated below:

Markets Products

x y z

I 10000 2000 18000

II 6000 20000 8000

(i) Let A be the 2 × 3 matrix representing the annual sales of products in two markets.
x y z

10000 2000 18000 M arket I

A= [ ]
6000 20000 8000 M arket I I

Now, revenue = sale price × number of items sold

2.5
⎡ ⎤
10000 2000 18000
AB = [ ] ⎢ 1.5 ⎥
6000 20000 8000 ⎣ ⎦
1

25000 + 3000 + 18000 46000

⇒ AB = [ ]= [ ] ​
15000 + 30000 + 8000 53000

​Therefore, the revenue collected from Market I = ₹46000 and the revenue collected from Market II = ₹​​53000.
(ii) Let C be the column matrix representing cost price of each unit of products x, y, z.
2
⎡ ⎤
C = ⎢ 1 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
0.5

2
⎡ ⎤
10000 2000 18000
AC = [ ]⎢ 1 ⎥
6000 20000 8000
⎣ ⎦
0.5

20000 + 2000 + 9000 31000

⇒ AC = [ ]= [ ] ​
12000 + 20000 + 4000 36000

Cost price in Market I is ₹31000 and in Market is ₹36000.

(iii)Now, Profit matrix = Revenue matrix - Cost matrix
⇒ AB - AC

46000 31000 15000

⇒ [ ]− [ ]= [ ]
53000 36000 17000

Therefore, the gross profit from both the markets = ₹15000 + ₹17000 = ₹32000
(iv) 0 1
A=[ ]
1 0

0 1 0 1 0 + 1 0 + 0 0 1
A2 = [ ][ ] =[ ]= [ ]
1 0 1 0 0 + 0 0 + 1 1 0

⇒ A2 = I​​
33. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Reena wants to donate a rectangular plot of land for a school of her village. When she was asked by construction agency to give
dimensions of the plot, she said that if its length is decreased by 50 m and breadth is increased by 50 m, then its area will remain

10 / 16
 same, but if length is decreased by 10 m and breadth is decreased by 20 m, then its area will decrease by 5300 m2.

(i) (x - 50)(y + 50) = xy ⇒ 50x - 50y = 2500 ⇒ x - y = 50

Also (x - 10)(y - 20) = xy - 5300
⇒ xy - 20x - 10y + 200 = xy - 5300
⇒ - 20x - 10y = -5300 - 200
⇒ 2x + y = 550

Hence, represented system of linear equations is

x - y = 50
2x + y = 550
(ii) We can write matrix system as
1 −1 x 50
AX = B, where A = [ ] ,X=[ ,B=[
] ]
2 1 y 550

1 −1 x 50
Because [ ][ ] =[ ]
2 1 y 550

x − y 50
⇒ [ ] =[ ]
2x + y 550

⇒ x - y = 50
2x + y = 550
(iii)We have
1 −1
A=[ ]
2 1

⇒ |A| = 1 + 2 = 3 ≠ 0
Now, A11 = 1, A12 = -2
A21 = 1, A22 = 1
T
1 −1 1 −1
∴ adj A = [ ] =[ ]
2 1 2 1

1 −1
∴ A-1 = 1
adj A = 1

3
[ ]
|A|
2 1

(iv)We have
x 1 1 ∣ 50 ∣ x 600
⇒ X = A-1 ⇒ [ ] = 1

3
[ ]∣ ∣ ⇒ [ ] = 1

3
[ ]
y −2 1 ∣ 550 ∣ y 450

x 200

⇒
[
y
]
= [ 150 ] ⇒ x = 200, y = 150
Hence dimension is
200 m and 150 m
34. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
In order to set up a rain water harvesting system, a tank to collect rain water is to be dug. The tank should have a square base and
a capacity of 250 m3. The cost of land is ₹ 5,000 per square metre and cost of digging increases with depth and for the whole tank,
it is ₹ 40,000 h2, where h is the depth of the tank in metres. x is the side of the square base of the tank in metres.

11 / 16
 ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

(i) C = 40000h2 + 5000x2

as x2h = 250
2

+ 5000x2
40000(250)
⇒ C= 4
x

(ii)
2
−160000(250)
dC

dx
= 5
+ 10000x
x
dc
(iii)For minimum cost dx
=0
⇒ 10000x6 = 250 × 250 × 160000
⇒ x = 10
2
d C
showing 2
> 0 at x = 10
dx

∴ cost is minimum when x = 10

2
(iv) dC
=
−160000(250)
+ 10000x
dx 4
x
dC

dx
= 0 gives x = 10
dC

dx
> 0 in (10, ∞ ) and dC

dx
< 0 in (0, 10).
Hence, cost function is neither increasing nor decreasing for x > 0
Section E
35. Put tan α

2
= t

0 −t
A= [ ]
t 0

1 0 0 −t 1 −t
I + A= [ ]+ [ ]= [ ]
0 1 t 0 t 1

1 0 0 −t
I − A= [ ]− [ ]
0 1 t 0

1 0 0 t
= [ ]+ [ ]
0 1 −t 0

1 t
= [ ]
−t 1

cos α − sin α
L.H.S = (I − A) [ ]
sin α cos α
2 α α
1−tan −2 tan
⎡ 2 2 ⎤
α α
2 2
⎢ 1+tan 1+tan ⎥
2 2
= (I − A) ⎢ ⎥
⎢ α 2 α ⎥
2 tan 1−tan
⎢ 2 2
⎥

⎣ 1+tan
2 α
1+tan
2 α ⎦
2 2
2
1−t −2t
⎡ ⎤
2 2
1 t 1+t 1+t

= [ ]⎢
⎢ 2
⎥
⎥
2t 1−t
−t 1
⎣ 1+tan
2 α
1+t
2 ⎦
2
2 2
1−t t.2t −2t 1−t
⎡ + + t( ) ⎤
2 2 2 2
1+t 1+t 1+t 1+t
= ⎢ ⎥
2 2
1−t 2t −2t 1−t
⎣ −t ( ) + −t ( ) + ( ) ⎦
2 2 2 2
1+t 1+t 1+t 1+t
2 2 3
1− t +2t −2t+t−t
⎡ ⎤
2 2
1+t 1+t
= ⎢ ⎥
3 2 2
−t+ t +2t 2t +1− t
⎣ ⎦
2 2
1+t 1+t

12 / 16
 2 3
1+t − t −t
⎡ ⎤
2 2
1+t 1+t
= ⎢ ⎥
3 2
t +t t +1
⎣ ⎦
2 2
1+t 1+t
2
−t(1+ t )
⎡ 1 ⎤
2
1+t
= ⎢
⎢
⎥
⎥
2 2
t(1+ t ) t +1
⎣ ⎦
2 2
1+t 1+t

1 −t
= [ ]
t 1

Thus, L.H.S = R.H.S

Hence proved
1
36. Let Rs x, Rs y and Rs z be invested in saving accounts at the rate of 5%, 8% and 8 2
% , respectively.
Then, according to given condition ,we have the following system of equations
x + y + z = 7000, ...(i)
8y
and 5x

100
+
100
+
17z

200
= 550

⇒ 10x + 16x + 17z = 110000 ...(ii)

Also, x - y = 0 ...(iii)
This system of equations can be written in matrix from as AX = B
1 1 1 x 7000
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
where, A =⎢ 10 16 17 ⎥ , X = ⎢ y ⎥ and B = ⎢ 110000 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 −1 0 z 0

∣ 1 1 1 ∣
∣ ∣
Here, |A| = ∣ 10 16 17
∣
∣ 1 −1 0 ∣

⇒ |A| = 1(0 + 17) − 1(0 − 17) + 1(−10 − 16)

= 17 +17 - 26 = 8 ≠ 0
So, A is non- singular matrix and its inverse exists.
Now, cofactors of elements of |A| are,
∣ 16 17 ∣
2
A11 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = 1(0 + 17) = 17
∣ −1 0 ∣

∣ 10 17
3
A12 = (−1) ∣ ] = −1(0 − 17) = 17
∣ 1 0

∣ 10 16 ∣
4
A13 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = 1(−10 − 16) = −26
∣ 1 −1 ∣

∣ 1 1∣
3
A21 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = −1(0 + 1) = −1
∣ −1 0∣

∣1 1∣
4
A22 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = 1(0 − 1) = −1
∣1 0∣

∣1 ∣1
5
A23 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = −1(−1 − 1) = 2
∣1 −1 ∣

∣ 1 1 ∣
4
A31 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = 1(17 − 16) = 1
∣ 16 17 ∣

∣ 1 1 ∣
5
A32 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = −1(17 − 10) = −7
∣ 10 17 ∣

∣ 1 1 ∣
6
A33 = (−1) ∣ ∣ = 1(16 − 10) = 6
∣ 10 16 ∣
T
A11 A12 A13
⎡ ⎤
∴ adj(A) = ⎢ A21 A22 A23 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
A31 A32 A33
T
17 17 −26 17 −1 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

= ⎢ −1 −1 2 ⎥ = ⎢ 17 −1 −7 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 −7 6 −26 2 6

17 −1 1
⎡ ⎤

A-1 =
adj(A)
Now, |A|
=
1

8
⎢ 17 −1 −7 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−26 2 6

and the solution of given system is given by

13 / 16
 X = A-1 B.
x 17 −1 1 7000
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
1
⇒ ⎢y ⎥ = ⎢ 17 −1 −7 ⎥ ⎢ 110000 ⎥
8
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
z −26 2 6 0

119000 − 110000 + 0
⎡ ⎤
1
= ⎢ 119000 − 110000 + 0 ⎥
8
⎣ ⎦
−182000 + 220000 + 0

9000 1125
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
1
= ⎢ 9000 ⎥ = ⎢ 1125 ⎥
8
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
38000 4750

On comparing the corresponding elements, we get x = 1125, y = 1125, z = 4750.

Hence, the amount deposited in each type of account is Rs 1125, Rs 1125 and Rs 4750, respectively.
OR
Let = u, = v and = w
x
1 1

y
1

2u + 3v + 10w = 4
4u – 6v+ 5w = 1
6u + 9v – 20w = 2
2 3 10 u 4
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

A= ⎢4 −6 5 ⎥,X = ⎢ v ⎥ B= ⎢1⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
6 9 −20 w 2

∣2 3 10 ∣
∣ ∣
Now, |A| = 4 −6 5
∣ ∣
∣6 9 −20 ∣

= 2[120 - 45] -3[-80 - 30] +10[36 + 36]

= 150 + 330 + 720 = 1200≠ 0
⇒ A is non-singular and hence A-1 exists.
Now, A11 = 75, A12 = 110, A13 = 72
A21 = 150, A22 = -100, A23 = 0
A31 = 75, A32 = 30, A33 = -2
75 150 75
⎡ ⎤

∴ adjA = ⎢ 110 −100 30 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
72 0 −24

75 150 75
⎡ ⎤
−1 1 1
A = (adjA) = ⎢ 110 −100 30 ⎥
|A| 1200
⎣ ⎦
72 0 −24
−1
X = A B

600
⎡ ⎤
1
= ⎢ 400 ⎥
1200
⎣ ⎦
240
1
⎡ 2
⎤

⎢ 1 ⎥
= ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 ⎥
1
⎣ ⎦
5
1

y ⎡ 2 ⎤
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 1 ⎥
⎢ v ⎥ = ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 1
w ⎣ ⎦
5
1 1 1
u = ,v = ,w =
2 3 5
1 1 1 1 1 1
= , = , =
x 2 y 3 z 5

x = 2, y = 3, z = 5
37. LHL = lim f (x)
−
x→0

= lim f (0 − h)
h→0

= lim(−h) m
sin(−
1

h
)
h→0

14 / 16
= lim −(−h) m
sin(
1

h
)
h→0

= 0 × k [when −1 ≤ k ≤ 1 ]
=0
RHL = lim f (x)
+
x→0

= lim f (0 + h)
h→0

= lim(0 + h) m
sin(
0+h
1
)
h→0

= lim(h) m
sin(
1

h
)
h→0

= 0 x k [when −1 ≤ k ≤ 1 ] ′

=0
LHL = RHL = f(0)
Since, f(x) is continuous at x = 0
For Differentiability at x = 0
f (x)−f (0)
(LHD at x = 0) = lim
x−0
−
x→0

f (0−h)−f (0)
= lim
h→0 (0−h)−0

m 1
(−h ) sin(− )

=
h
lim
− h
h→0

1
= lim −(−h)
m−1
sin(
h
)
−
h→0

= Not Defined [since 0<m<1]

f (x)−f (0)
(RHD at x = 0) = lim
x−0
+
x→0

f (0+h)−f (0)
= lim
(0+h)−0
+
h→0

m 1
h sin( )

= lim
0+h−0
h

+
h→0

= lim (h)
m−1
sin(
1

h
)
+
h→0

=0
Since , (LHD at x = 0)≠ (RHD at x = 0)
Hence, f(x) is continuous at x = 0 but not differentiable.
OR
Let y = xsin x + (sin x)x
Also, let u = xsin x and v = (sin x)x
∴ y=u+v
dy du dv
⇒
dx
=
dx
+
dx
...(i)
Now, u = xsin x
Taking log on both sides,
⇒ log u = log (xsin x)
⇒ log u = sin x log x

Differentiating both sides with respect to x,

1 du d d
= log x (sin x) + sin x (log x)
u dx dx dx
du 1
⇒ = u [cos x log x + sin x ]
dx x

⇒
du

dx
= x
sin x
[cos x log x +
sin x

x
] ...(ii)

Again, v = (sin x)x

taking log on both sides,
⇒ log v = log (sin x)x
⇒ log v = x log(sin x)

Differentiating both sides with respect to x,

1 dv d d
= log(sin x) (x) + x [log(sin x)]
v dx dx dx

15 / 16
 dv 1 d
⇒ = v [log(sin x) + x (sin x)]
dx sin x dx

dv x x
⇒ = (sin x) [log sin x + cos x]
dx sin x

= (sin x)x [log sin x + x cot x] ...(iii)

dv
⇒
dx

From (i), (ii) and (iii), we obtain

+ (sin x)x [log sin x + x cot x].
dy sin x
sin x
= x (cos x log x + )
dx x

38.

Let P be the perimeter of window

1
P = 2x + 2r + × 2πr
2

10 = 2x + 2r + πr [P = 10]
10−2r−πr
x =
2

Let A be area of window

1 2
A = 2rx + πr
2

10−2r−πr 1 2
= 2r [ ] + πr
2 2

2 2 1 2
= 10r − 2r − πr + πr
2
2
2 πr
= 10r − 2r −
2
dA
= 10 − 4r − πr
dr
2
d A
= − (π + 4)
dr2
dA
= 0
dr
10
r =
π+4
2
d A

2
< 0 maximum
dr
10−2r−πr
x =
2
10
x =
π+4

Length of rectangle = 2r = 20

π+4
10
width = π+4

16 / 16