STEPS IN DATA PROCESSING:

1. Identifying the Data:-

2 Input of Data

3 Maintpulation of Data

4-Output of Information

5. Storage of Information

Q 2-A monitor is a device that displays information from a computer,

television, or other device

OR

• A computer monitor is an output device that displays information

from a computer’s central processing unit (CPU)

Q3-A mouse is a small device that controls a computer’s cursor.

Q4-control unit, subcomponent of a central processing unit (CPU) that

manages a computer’s operations
Q5- A memory unit is a small storage device that stores data and
instructions for a computer

Q6-Software is a set of instructions that tell a device how to perform

tasks

Q7-A graphical user interface (GUI) is a digital interface in which a user

interacts with graphical components such as icons, buttons, and menu

Q8- CPU has component

Ans:A CPU has three main parts: arithmatic logic unit (ALU), control unit
(CU), and memory unit.

Q9-Authmeticalay logic i’s (ALU)

Ans :An ALU is a critical component of a computer’s central processing

unit (CPU) responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations

Q10-Component of hardware

Ans: CPU , motherboard, RAM, power supply, hard disk, monitor,

scanner, mouse, cooling fan

Q 11-Security” in the context of computers refers to the measures taken

to protect computer systems and the information stored on them from
unauthorized access, theft, or damage
Q12reliability is the

Ans: The term reliability refers to the ability of computer hardware and
software to consistently perform according to certain specifications.

Q13-Data storage it is

Ans:Data storage is the process of saving and preserving digital

information for future use.

Q14-what is not charasteristic of Computer?

Ans:A characteristic that is not typical of a computer is “independent

thinking” or “intelligence”, dicision makeing

Q15-Data it is

Ans: Data is a collection of facts, numbers, words, or other information

that can be used for analysis, reasoning, or calculation. Data can be
QUALITATIV

Q18- Storage it is

Ans :storage is the process of saving, organizing, and accessing digital data

Q19-Speed it is
Ans:A computer’s speed is determined by its processor speed, memory, and
network speed.

Q20:Accuray it is

Ans:Computer accuracy refers to how well a computer performs operations and

computations

Q21- Data management?

Ans: Data management refers to the practice of collecting, organizing, storing,

protecting, and accessing an organization’s data to ensure it is accurate, reliable,
and readily available for analysis and informed decision-making.

Q22-What is it Computer

Ans:A computer is an electronic device that processes data, stores information, and
performs calculations.

Q23-what is software?

Ans: Software is a set of instructions that tells a computer or other device what to
do.

Q24- Sharing of data and information.

Ans:Sharing of data and information” refers to the practice of making data

accessible to multiple users, applications, or organizations, allowing them to utilize
the same information for various purposes,

Q25- Output of information

Ans:Output refers to the information that a computer or device displays, prints, or
transmits to another device..

Here are the answers:

34. Marketing in Computer

Marketing in computer refers to the promotion and sale of computer hardware,

software, and services.

35. Processer

A processor, also known as a central processing unit (CPU), is the primary

component of a computer that executes instructions and performs calculations.

36. Firewall

A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and
outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

37. Hardware

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, such as the

CPU, memory, and storage devices.

38. System not the main component of Computer

The answer is “Software”. While software is a crucial part of a computer system, it

is not considered a main hardware component.

39. Storage of information

Storage devices, such as hard drives, solid-state drives, and flash drives, are used to
store information in a computer system.
40. Scanner

A scanner is an input device used to capture images or text from physical

documents, such as visiting cards, and create digital versions.

41. Printer

A printer is an output device used to produce permanent, human-readable

documents from digital data.

42. FNIAC, EDVAC, and UNIVAC

These are examples of first-generation computers, which used vacuum tubes as

their primary electronic components.

43. Transistor

A transistor is a key component of second-generation computers, which replaced

vacuum tubes with transistors for improved performance and reliability.

Here are the answers:

41. Office Automation

Office automation refers to the use of technology to automate office tasks,

increasing efficiency and productivity.

42. Third Generation Computers (1964-early 1970s)

Third-generation computers used integrated circuits (ICs), which replaced

transistors and led to significant improvements in performance and size.

43. Third Generation Computers

Third-generation computers were based on integrated circuit (IC) technology.

44. Fourth Generation Computers (Early microprocessors, 1970-fell date)

Fourth-generation computers used microprocessors, which integrated all

components of a computer’s central processing unit (CPU) onto a single chip.

45. Fourth Generation Computers

Fourth-generation computers were characterized by microprocessor-based

systems.

46. Fifth Generation Computers (Present and beyond)

Fifth-generation computers are characterized by the use of artificial intelligence

(AI), parallel processing, and other advanced technologies.

47. Printer

A printer is indeed one of the most commonly used output devices.

48. Primary and Secondary Memory

RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory) are types of
primary memory, which temporarily store data for processing. Secondary memory,
on the other hand, refers to storage devices like hard drives, solid-state drives, or
flash drives, which store data permanently.

Here are the answers:

49. Primary Storage

Primary storage is usually referred to as Random Access Memory (RAM).

50. Secondary Storage

Secondary storage is where information is stored permanently, such as on hard

drives, solid-state drives, or flash drives.

51. Scanner

A scanner is an input device used to capture images or text from physical

documents.

52. Speaker

A speaker is an output device used to produce sound.

53. Word Processor

A word processor is a program used to work with text documents, such as

Microsoft Word or Google Docs.

54. Computer

A computer is a general-purpose machine with a CPU and main memory, designed

to perform a wide range of tasks.

55. Monitor

A monitor is an output device used to display visual information from a computer.

56. First Generation Computers

SENIAC, EDVAC, and UNIVAC are examples of first-generation computers, which

used vacuum tubes.
57. Second Generation Computers

The invention of the transistor by William Shockley and others in 1947 marked the
beginning of the second generation of computers, which used transistors to replace
vacuum tubes.

Here are the answers:

58. Large Scale Integrated (LSI) Circuits

LSI circuits were characteristic of third-generation computers (1964-1971), which

used integrated circuits (ICs) to increase performance and reduce size.

59. Intel Microprocessors (8080, 8086, 80486)

These microprocessors were developed during the fourth generation of computers

(1971-1980), which saw the widespread use of microprocessors and significant
improvements in computing power.

60. Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial intelligence is a key feature of fifth-generation computers (1980-1990),

which focused on developing more intelligent and user-friendly systems using
techniques like expert systems, natural language processing, and machine learning.

39. Generation Computers (1940-1956): Vacuum Tubes

This is the first generation of computers.

40. Generation Computers (1956-1963): Transistors

This is the second generation of computers.

Here are the answers:

58. Large Scale Integrated (LSI) Circuits

LSI circuits were characteristic of third-generation computers (1964-1971), which

used integrated circuits (ICs) to increase performance and reduce size.

59. Intel Microprocessors (8080, 8086, 80486)

These microprocessors were developed during the fourth generation of computers

(1971-1980), which saw the widespread use of microprocessors and significant
improvements in computing power.

60. Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial intelligence is a key feature of fifth-generation computers (1980-1990),

which focused on developing more intelligent and user-friendly systems using
techniques like expert systems, natural language processing, and machine learning.