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Project Method

The project method is an activity-based teaching approach developed by W.H. Kilpatrick in 1918. It focuses on purposeful activities and problem-solving based on students' interests and abilities. Projects can be constructive, aesthetic, problematic, or drill-based. Key principles include purposefulness, utility, freedom for students to select topics, learning by doing, and social development. Projects develop students' problem-solving skills, independence, and social qualities while making learning more engaging and relevant to real life. However, it can be time-consuming and difficult to cover all curriculum topics using this method.

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Akime Venancio
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355 views

Project Method

The project method is an activity-based teaching approach developed by W.H. Kilpatrick in 1918. It focuses on purposeful activities and problem-solving based on students' interests and abilities. Projects can be constructive, aesthetic, problematic, or drill-based. Key principles include purposefulness, utility, freedom for students to select topics, learning by doing, and social development. Projects develop students' problem-solving skills, independence, and social qualities while making learning more engaging and relevant to real life. However, it can be time-consuming and difficult to cover all curriculum topics using this method.

Uploaded by

Akime Venancio
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROJECT METHOD W. H. Kilpatrick was published a paper on The Project Method in 1918. He was a chief proponent of this method.

He mainly focuses on the purposeful activity and problem solving capacity of the students based on their needs, interest, attitudes and abilities. He was influenced by the John Deweys Pragmatism principle. Project means almost any undertaking. It is activity oriented buy it is more than the simple activity. It is the experience centered teaching activity. Definition A project is a whole-hearted purposeful activity proceeding in a social environment W. H. Kilpatrick. Project is a voluntarily undertaking which involves constructive effort or thought and eventuates into objective results Thomas and Lang. Types According to Kilpatrick there are four types of projects. They are: 1. Constructive project: Practical or physical tasks such as construction of article, making a model, digging the well and playing drama are done in this type of projects. 2. Aesthetic project: Appreciation powers of the students are developed in this type of project through the musical programmes, beautification of something, appreciation of poems and so on. 3. Problematic project: In this type of project develops the problem solving capacity of the students through their experiences. It is based on the cognitive domain. 4. Drill project: It is for the mastery of the skill and knowledge of the students. It increases the work efficacy and capacity of the students. Principles 1. Principle of Purposefulness The project should be purposeful, and that should have some main objective. The objective should give the enthusiasm and work to the students, otherwise that will be a wastage of time and energy. 2. Principle of Utility The project should be useful to the students and the society. It will give some value to the students. From the good project the students as well as the society get the benefit a lot. 3. Principle of Freedom The students are free to select the topic and execute the work according to their well and wish, interest, attitude and capacity. The teacher just a guide and give a guidelines to execute that. 4. Principle of Activity Project means the purposeful activity, at the end of the project the students gain knowledge through their activity. It is based on the principle of learning by doing. 5. Principle of Reality Project should be real and related to the life situation of the students and the society. Only then they would be able to complete the project naturally and really. Imaginary problems are not taken up in the project. 6. Principle of Social Development A good project focuses society needs, social development, and usefulness to the society. A single project solves the problem of the thousands of the people or the society. 7. Principle of Planning The student develops prior planning in advance about the project. They find solutions for - How? When? What? Where? Why? So, good project develops the problem solving capacity and prior planning for the execution. Advantages It is students centered, activity based method. Students involves whole-heartedly in the learning process according to their needs, attitude, interest and ability. This method is related to the life situation of the students. This method develops the problem solving ability to the students. It makes the students as independent. It gives the real work experience to the students. It develops the social qualities and synergism in the students heart. It develops the responsibility realization of the students. By this the students organizes the planning things in an order. Limitations It is a time consuming method. It is difficult to complete the prescribed syllabus in a particular time. It is a very costly method. It is not applicable for the lower classes. All topics are not able to teach through this method. It is not applicable for the all schools. It needs so many materials for the execution.

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